Cov khoom ntiag tug nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies yeej ib txwm muaj qhov tseem ceeb rau lub tebchaws Askiv. Ua ntej, lawv tso cai tswj hwm kev ua tub rog-kev nom kev tswv thiab kev lag luam hauv Caribbean; Qhov thib ob, lawv yog cov tsim khoom lag luam tseem ceeb thiab xa tawm cov piam thaj, rum thiab lwm yam khoom xav tau. Kev tswj hwm tebchaws Askiv ntawm cov kob Caribbean tau pib muaj zog nyob rau xyoo 17th. Txij li cov neeg Askiv tau tshwm sim nyob ntawm no tom qab cov neeg Mev, cov pob txha ntawm lawv cov khoom tau tsim los ntawm cov Islands tuaj rov qab los ntawm Spain. Tom qab ntawd, cov koog pov txwv tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev pom zoo los ntawm lwm lub xeev European kuj tau suav nrog cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm Tebchaws Askiv nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies.
British West Indies
Thawj qhov kev hais haum ntawm Askiv tau tshwm sim hauv 1609 hauv Bermuda (uas tau tshawb pom los ntawm Spaniard Juan Bermudez hauv 1503, tab sis tsis muaj neeg nyob) - nws tau tsim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj cov neeg tawg rog mus rau North America. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj lub tebchaws Askiv nyob rau sab Hnub Poob Indies yog Saint Kitts, qhov chaw sib hais haum tshwm sim xyoo 1623. Barbados tau ua tus kav tebchaws nyob rau xyoo 1627, vim qhov uas Saint Kitts thiab Barbados raug hu ua "niam ntawm British West Indies". Cov koog pov txwv no tau siv los ntawm teb chaws Aas Kiv ua lub hauv paus rau kev nthuav dav ntxiv ntawm nws txoj kev faj tim teb chaws hauv Caribbean.
Ua raws li kev tsim cov nroog nyob hauv Saint Kitts thiab Barbados, Tebchaws Askiv tau hais txog kev kov yeej cov khoom ntawm lub zog Spanish uas tsis muaj zog. Yog li, xyoo 1655 Jamaica tau koom nrog. Xyoo 1718, Cov tub rog Askiv tau ntiab tawm cov tub rog tawm ntawm Bahamas, tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm Askiv nyob hauv Bahamas. Cov neeg Mev tau tswj hwm Trinidad nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tswj kom txog thaum xyoo 1797, thaum cov kob tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm 18 lub nkoj British thiab cov tub ceev xwm Spanish tsis muaj kev xaiv tab sis tso nws rau Great Britain. Cov kob ntawm Tobago tau tshaj tawm tias yog thaj chaw nruab nrab hauv 1704, nws tau nquag siv los ua lawv lub hauv paus los ntawm cov neeg Caribbean muaj npe nrov, tab sis nyob rau xyoo 1763 nws kuj tseem suav nrog cov cuab yeej cuab tam British nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies.
Los ntawm xyoo 1912, Tebchaws Askiv Sab Hnub Poob suav nrog cov kob nyob hauv Bahamas, Barbados, Windward Islands, Leeward Antilles, Trinidad thiab Tobago thiab Jamaica, thiab thaj av txuas ntxiv ntawm British Honduras (tam sim no Belize) thiab British Guiana (tam sim no Guyana). Yog li, nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv lub zog ntawm Great Britain tau nthuav dav mus rau ntau thaj tsam ntawm Caribbean, ntawm cov xeev uas muaj kev ywj pheej yog Antigua thiab Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize (British Honduras), Guyana (British Guiana), Grenada, Dominica, Saint -Vincent thiab Grenadines, Saint Kitts thiab Nevis, Saint Lucia, Trinidad thiab Tobago, Jamaica. Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks thiab Caicos tseem yog thaj chaw txawv teb chaws ntawm Great Britain.
Txog thaum kawg tsim cov ciam teb ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis nyob rau sab hnub poob, Sab Hnub Poob Indies tseem yog thaj chaw ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm European lub zog, feem ntau yog Tebchaws Askiv thiab Fabkis, ntxiv rau Netherlands, Spain, Denmark, nyob rau qee lub sijhawm - Sweden thiab txawm tias Courland, tom qab - Tebchaws Asmeskas. Yog li ntawd, ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txeeb cov khoom ntiag tug los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze. Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub qhe African, uas tau ua rau cov neeg coob coob nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws, tsim kev cia siab zoo rau kev tawm tsam tas li.
Hauv qhov no, muaj cov tub rog tseem ceeb nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg nyob txawv teb chaws nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies zoo li tsim nyog. Yog li, xyoo 1780, Jamaican Regiment tau tsim los ntawm Sir Charles Rainsworth, nws tseem yog 99th Infantry Regiment ntawm pab tub rog Askiv, uas tau ua tub rog nyob hauv Jamaica tau peb xyoos ua ntej yuav rov qab los rau tebchaws Askiv thiab raug rho tawm. Maj mam, cov tub ceev xwm Askiv tau txiav txim siab tias kev ua tub rog ntawm cov tub rog nyob hauv qhov kev siv nyiaj ntawm cov tub rog nrhiav neeg hauv nroog yog qhov txaus siab kim. Ib qho ntxiv, Cov neeg European tsis tau tso siab rau qhov kev pab cuam nyuaj ntawm cov chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo, thiab nws muaj teeb meem heev los xaiv tus lej kom raug ntawm cov neeg uas xav ua tub rog zoo ib yam ntawm cov nyob deb. Yog lawm, cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog nrhiav neeg nyob hauv nroog tau nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies, tab sis lawv pom meej tias tsis txaus. Yog li ntawd, Tebchaws Askiv tau txav mus rau kev coj ua ntawm kev tsim cov tsev nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam, uas nws tau ua tiav thov ob qho tib si hauv Is Nrias teb thiab hauv nws cov cheeb tsam hauv West thiab East Africa.
Rov qab nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, cov tub ceev xwm Askiv hauv Jamaica tau sim ua thawj zaug los ntxias ib feem ntawm Afro-Caribbean cov pej xeem los ua haujlwm rau lawv tus kheej nyiam. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lawv tau nyiam qhov hu ua "Maroons" - cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ua qhev khiav dim uas tau khiav tawm ntev los ntawm kev cog ntoo mus rau qhov tob ntawm cov kob thiab nyob ntawd raws li pab pawg hauv hav zoov, ib ntus tawm tsam cov neeg cog ntoo. Xyoo 1738, kev sib haum xeeb tau xaus nrog Maroons los ntawm lub nroog Trelawney, raws li lawv tau lees paub tias yog neeg muaj kev ywj pheej, tau txais txoj cai los ua tus tswv av uas lawv nyob thiab muaj cai rau kev tswj hwm tus kheej, tab sis tau cog lus tias yuav ua haujlwm kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. lwm tus qhev ntxeev siab thiab tshawb nrhiav cov neeg khiav tawm hauv hav zoov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws cog ntoo hauv tebchaws Askiv thiab cov thawj coj tub rog tau suav txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev ntawm Maroons thiab lawv muaj riam phom txias. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1760, thaum Maroon tau koom nrog pacifying lwm tus quab yuam kev tawm tsam, Maroon txiav lub pob ntseg ntawm cov neeg raug tua hauv kev sib ntaus nrog cov tub rog Askiv ntxeev siab thiab sim ua kom lawv dhau los ua pov thawj ntawm lawv txoj kev yeej kom tau txais qhov khoom plig cog lus los ntawm cov British. Maj mam, cov tub ceev xwm Askiv tau poob siab nrog kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm Maroons, tom qab uas lawv tau txiav txim siab hloov mus rau lwm hom kev koom nrog ntawm cov koomhaum nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam - tsis tu ncua, tab sis nrog Afro -Caribbean qib thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev tsim thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm West Indies cov tub rog
Yim Yim Sab Hnub Poob Indies tau tsim thaum lub Plaub Hlis 24 txog Lub Cuaj Hli 1, 1795. Thaum xub thawj, cov tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws Askiv tau pib sau npe dawb West Isdias Asmesliskas dub nyob hauv cov tub rog thiab mus yuav qhev los ntawm cov chaw cog ntoo hauv nroog.
Cov tub rog Afro-Caribbean tau zoo dua hauv lawv qhov kev hloov pauv rau huab cua ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies rau cov tub rog yav dhau los tau txais hauv nroog. Hauv qhov no, cov tub ceev xwm Askiv tau txiav txim siab tsis tso tseg qhov kev sim los tsim West Indian regiments thiab txhim kho tom kawg. Zoo li ntau lwm pawg tub rog hauv tebchaws Askiv, lawv tau tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov neeg Afro-Caribbean thiab cov tub ceev xwm los ntawm cov neeg Askiv. Qhov txiaj ntsig tsis sib xws ntawm West Indian cov tub rog, nrhiav los ntawm cov tub rog Afro-Caribbean, yog lawv qhov pheej yig hauv kev sib piv nrog cov tub rog nyob hauv nroog.
Xyoo 1807, kev txiav txim siab tau ua rau txhua tus qhev dub ua haujlwm nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Indian cov tub rog, thiab xyoo 1808 kev ua qhev raug txwv li ntawd. Xyoo 1812, lub hauv paus tau tsim nyob hauv Askiv pawg neeg Sierra Leone rau kev nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev cob qhia ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog uas tau raug xaiv los ua haujlwm nyob rau sab hnub poob Indian. Cov tub rog nyob sab hnub poob ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies tau koom nrog kev ua phem rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Atlantic thiab hauv Gulf of Mexico, tshwj xeeb hauv kev tawm tsam los ntawm pab tub rog Askiv ntawm Fab Kis pawg neeg nyob hauv New Orleans. Xyoo 1816, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog tau txo qis rau rau, vim qhov kawg ntawm Napoleonic Wars thiab qhov kawg ntawm Anglo-French kev sib cav nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies.
Hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, Sab Hnub Poob cov tub rog tau koom tes hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm cov qhev dub thiab cov neeg txom nyem tshaj plaws ntawm cov pejxeem hauv tebchaws Askiv nyob hauv Caribbean. Yog li, xyoo 1831, 1st West Indies Regiment tau koom tes nrog hauv kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg txom nyem tshaj plaws ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Jamaica. Tsis pub dhau ib hlis, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam dub tau raug txwv tsis pub ua phem. Los ntawm kev txiav txim los ntawm tus tswv xeev, tsawg kawg 200 tus neeg raug tua, thiab ua ke nrog cov tub rog ntawm 1st West Indies Regiment, nto moo Jamaican Maroons, uas tau hla mus rau Askiv pab, kuj tawm tsam cov neeg ntxeev siab.
Thoob plaws lub xyoo pua puv 19, tus naj npawb ntawm West Indies cov tub rog yeej tsis poob qis dua ob, thiab tsuas yog xyoo 1888, ob qho kev sib koom ua ke tau koom ua ib pawg West Indies cov tub rog Askiv, suav nrog ob pab tub rog. Qhov laj thawj rau kev txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog qhov kawg ntawm kev sib cav ntawm kev muaj hwj chim nyob hauv Caribbean. Cov tub rog West Indies tau zoo los ntawm kev qhuab qhia zoo hauv kev sib piv nrog lwm pawg tub rog hauv tebchaws Askiv, txawm hais tias thaum pib ntawm nws lub neej - ntawm 1802 thiab 1837. - muaj peb tus tub rog 'mutinies. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj hwm ntawm cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm nrog cov tub ceev xwm Askiv, nyiam los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm. Txog rau xyoo 1914, cov tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm tau ua haujlwm ruaj khov, tsis zoo li ntau lwm lub koomhaum kev tswj hwm, uas cov tub ceev xwm tau muab los ntawm pab tub rog Askiv rau lub sijhawm ruaj khov.
Qhov kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb yog keeb kwm ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm West Indies regiment. Thawj thawj zaug ntawm lawv lub neej, Sab Hnub Poob Indian cov tub rog, lawv cov tub rog hnav cov qauv zoo ib yam ntawm cov tub rog Askiv - shako, khaub ncaws liab, xim dub lossis dawb. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog qhov siv khau khiab, tsis khau hnyav - pom tseeb, luv nqi tau ua rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm West Indian kev nyab xeeb. Xyoo 1856, Sab Hnub Poob Indian cov tub rog tau txais lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj ua qauv ntawm Fabkis Zouaves. Nws suav nrog txoj phuam dawb, lub tsho khiab liab nrog lub ntsej muag daj, lub tsho dawb, thiab lub tsho xiav xiav. Cov khaub ncaws no tseem yog ib pab tub rog ntawm cov tub rog kom txog thaum xyoo 1914, thiab lub suab paj nruag ntawm cov tub rog kom txog thaum kev sib cais ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau xyoo 1927. Niaj hnub no, cov khaub ncaws no tau siv ua khaub ncaws hnav hauv Barbados Defense Force, ib ntawm keeb kwm qub txeeg qub teg ntawm West Indies cov tub rog.
Xyoo 1873-1874. West Indies regiment, nrhiav neeg feem coob los ntawm cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb los ntawm cov kob ntawm Jamaica, tau ua haujlwm nyob hauv Gold Coast pawg neeg nyob hauv West Africa, qhov uas nws koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm Ashantian pab pawg. Kev tawm tsam Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 xav kom Tebchaws Askiv sib sau tag nrho cov peev txheej muaj tub rog, suav nrog cov nyob ib puag ncig. Tshwj xeeb, thaum Lub Yim Hli 1914, 1st Battalion ntawm West Indies Regiment tuaj txog hauv Freetown hauv Sierra Leone. Cov tub rog sib txuas lus tau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm Askiv hauv German Cameroon. Thawj pab tub rog rov qab los rau Sab Hnub Poob Indies hauv 1916, tom qab ob thiab ib nrab xyoo hauv West Africa. Cov tub rog thib 2 ntawm cov tub rog tau tuaj txog rau sab hnub poob teb chaws Africa hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1915 thiab koom nrog hauv kev ntes Yaoundé hauv German Cameroon.
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1916, Pawg Thib Ob tau raug xa mus rau Mombasa hauv Kenya, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv nws hauv kev tawm tsam hauv German East Africa. Thaum cov kab lus Askiv nkag mus rau Dar es Salaam thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 4, 1916, nws tseem suav nrog 515 tus tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm ntawm pawg tub rog thib 2 ntawm West Indies Regiment. Cov tub rog tau txuas ntxiv ua tub rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Africa, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1917 koom nrog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Nyangao hauv German East Africa. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1918, tom qab kev tshem tawm kev ua phem nyob rau sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Africa, cov tub rog thib ob ntawm West Indies Regiment tau pauv mus rau Suez thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau Palestine, qhov uas ob lub hlis tseem tshuav ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb dhau los. Hauv tebchaws Palestine, cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm ntawm cov tub rog tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv cov tub rog Turkish, uas tau sau tseg los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog Askiv, General Allenby, uas tau xa xov tooj ua tsaug rau Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws General ntawm Jamaica.
Xyoo 1915, 2nd West Indies Regiment tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm pab tub rog Askiv, cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Caribbean uas tuaj txog hauv tebchaws Askiv. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tub rog, 11 pawg tub rog tau tsim. Thawj pab tub rog, tsim thaum lub Cuaj Hli 1915, suav nrog 4 lub tuam txhab: Lub tuam txhab A tau ua haujlwm hauv British Guiana, Lub Tuam Txhab B hauv Trinidad, Lub Tuam Txhab C hauv Trinidad thiab St. Vincent, thiab Tuam Txhab D hauv Grenada thiab Barbados. Thaum cov tub rog thib 1 thiab thib 2 ntawm cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Iziv thiab Palestine, thib 3, 4, 6 thiab 7 pab tub rog tau ua haujlwm hauv Fabkis thiab Belgium, lub 8 thiab 9 kuj tau pib ua haujlwm hauv Fabkis thiab Belgium, tabsis tomqab ntawd raug xa mus rau Ltalis. Cov tub rog 10 thiab 11 ntawm cov tub rog kuj tau ua haujlwm nyob ntawd.
Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1918, txhua pawg tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tau mob siab rau ntawm lub hauv paus hauv Taranto hauv Ltalis. Cov tub rog tau pib npaj rau kev tshem tawm kev tshem tawm, tab sis cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tau koom tes nrog hauv kev thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm haujlwm, nrog rau kev tsim kho thiab tu cov chaw tso quav rau cov tub rog dawb los ntawm lwm chav. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev npau taws heev ntawm cov tub rog Caribbean, uas ua rau muaj zog ntxiv tom qab lawv tau kawm txog kev nce nyiaj hli rau cov tub rog dawb, tab sis khaws lawv cov nyiaj hli nyob rau tib qib. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 6, 1918, cov tub rog ntawm pawg tub rog thib 9 tsis kam ua raws li kev xaj, 180 tus tub rog tau kos npe rau daim ntawv tsis txaus siab txog nyiaj hli qis. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 9, cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog thib 10 tsis kam ua raws li kev txiav txim. Thaum kawg, cov chav Askiv tuaj txog ntawm cov tub rog qhov chaw. Pawg tub rog thib cuaj, uas tsis kam ua raws li kev txiav txim, tau raug tshem tawm, thiab nws cov tub rog tau raug xa mus rau lwm pab tub rog. Txhua pawg tub rog tau tshem riam phom. Rau caum tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tau raug txim mus rau hauv tsev loj cuj xws li peb txog tsib xyoos rau kev tawm tsam, ib tus tub rog raug txim mus rau 20 xyoo thiab ib tus raug txim tuag. Tom qab ntawd, ntau tus qub tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kev tawm tsam kev ywj pheej hauv tebchaws Askiv nyob hauv tebchaws Caribbean.
Yog li, peb pom tias West Indies Regiment tau koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tau sau tseg rau qhov muaj nuj nqis ntawm nws cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm hauv kev sib ntaus hauv Palestine thiab Jordan. Tag nrho ntawm 15,600 West Indies tau koom nrog hauv kev ua tub rog ua ib feem ntawm cov tub rog Askiv. Feem ntau (kwv yees li ob feem peb) ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab tsis yog cov tub ceev xwm ntawm cov tub rog tau los ntawm Jamaica, cov seem peb ntawm cov tub rog tub rog tau los ntawm Trinidad thiab Tobago, Barbados, Bahamas, British Honduras, Grenada, British Guiana, Leeward Islands, Saint Luce Saint Vincent.
Tshaj li ntau dua ib puas xyoo keeb kwm, West Indies cov tub rog tau txais kev xaj tub rog thiab khoom plig rau cov phiaj xwm hauv qab no: Dominica thiab Martinique hauv 1809, Guadeloupe xyoo 1810 (ob qho tib si - kev sib cav nrog Fabkis nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies thaum Napoleonic Wars), Ashantian War hauv West Africa 1873-1874, West African War 1887, West African War 1892-1893 thiab 1894, Sierra Leone War 1898, World War I Palestinian Campaign 1917-1918, East African phiaj xwm ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb hauv 1916-1918. thiab Cameroon phiaj xwm ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib xyoo 1915-1916. Victoria Cross tau muab khoom plig rau Samuel Hodge, uas tau txais nws xyoo 1866 rau nws lub siab tawv hauv kev ua tsov ua rog nyob hauv Gambia. Xyoo 1891, Jamaican tus thawj coj William Gordon ntawm Pab Pawg thib 1, txhawb rau tus tub ceev xwm, tau txais Victoria Cross rau nws koom nrog hauv kev sib tw ntxiv hauv Gambia.
Xyoo 1920, 1st thiab 2nd Battalions ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies tau koom ua ib pab tub rog thib 1, uas tau raug tshem tawm xyoo 1927. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias Sab Hnub Poob Indies tau dhau los ua thaj chaw muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, qhov uas tsis muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm European lub zog, tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg dub. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau lees paub lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg hauv Caribbean. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1944 tau tsim ib pab tub rog Caribbean, tseem muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw tuaj ntawm tebchaws Askiv West Indies. Nws tau txais kev qhia luv luv hauv Trinidad thiab Tebchaws Meskas, tom qab ntawd nws tau pauv mus rau Ltalis. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm pabcuam, uas suav nrog, ua ntej tshaj plaws, hauv kev pab cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog los ntawm Ltalis mus rau Egypt. Tom qab ntawd cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm tshem tawm Suez Canal thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Xyoo 1946, Caribbean cov tub rog tau rov qab mus rau Sab Hnub Poob Indies thiab tau raug tshem tawm, tsis muaj sijhawm los koom nrog kev tawm tsam tiag tiag hauv Western Europe lossis North Africa.
Sir Gordon Leng
Tej zaum cov tub rog Askiv uas muaj koob muaj npe nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob Indies yog Sir Alexander Gordon Leng (1793-1826).
Nov yog thawj tus neeg ncig tebchaws European mus cuag lub nroog West African nto moo ntawm Timbuktu hauv tam sim no yog Mali. Xyoo 1811, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 18 xyoo, Leng tau tsiv mus rau Barbados, qhov uas nws tau pib ua haujlwm ua tus tuav ntaub ntawv rau nws tus txiv ntxawm Colonel Gabriel Gordon. Tom qab ntawd nws tau nkag mus ua tub rog thiab dhau nws hauv 2nd West Indies Regiment ua tub ceev xwm. Xyoo 1822, Tus Thawj Tub Rog Leng, tom qab ntawd pauv mus rau Royal African Corps, tau xa los ntawm Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Sierra Leone los tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg Mandingo hauv Mali. Xyoo 1823-1824. nws tau koom nrog hauv kev ua rog Anglo-Ashantian, tom qab ntawd rov qab mus rau Great Britain. Xyoo 1825 Leng tau ua lwm txoj kev mus rau Sahara. Nws tswj kom mus txog Tuareg nomads hauv cheeb tsam Ghadames, thiab tom qab ntawd - lub nroog Timbuktu. Ntawm txoj kev rov qab los, nws tau raug tua los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam - cov neeg ntxeev siab uas tawm tsam cov neeg European nyob hauv cheeb tsam.
Regiment ntawm West Indies Federation
Kev txhawb siab ntawm West Indies regiment tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1950. Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev txiav txim siab rov tsim dua ib lub koomhaum uas tau tawg tawm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Federation of the West Indies xyoo 1958. Nws tau xav tias qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg muaj tebchaws Askiv nyob hauv Caribbean yuav dhau los ua "lub rooj ntoo" ntawm txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm West Indian thaj av los ntawm niam lub tebchaws. Lub Koom Haum ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies suav nrog Askiv cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm Antigua, Barbados, Grenada, Dominica, Montserrat, Saint Christopher - Nevis - Anguilla, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Trinidad thiab Tobago, Jamaica nrog Cayman Islands thiab Turks Islands txuas nrog nws thiab Caicos. Nws tau xav tias tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no yuav ua tiav kev ywj pheej ua ib feem ntawm ib lub xeev nkaus xwb, uas yog Federation of West Indies tau hloov pauv. Raws li, kev tsim lub xeev no tseem xav tau nws tus kheej cov tub rog - txawm tias me me, tab sis muaj peev xwm tswj hwm kev xaj sab hauv thiab tiv thaiv cov kob thaum muaj teeb meem nrog cov xeev nyob sib ze.
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 15, 1958, West Indies Tsoomfwv Tsoom Fwv tau pom zoo tsab cai lij choj tiv thaiv, uas dhau los ua lub hauv paus kev cai lij choj rau tsim West West Indies Regiment ua ib feem ntawm cov tub rog ntawm West Indies Federation. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1959, West Indies Regiment tau rov tsim dua. Nws lub caj qaum tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nrhiav neeg hauv Jamaica. Hauv Kingston, cov tub rog tswj hwm thiab lub hauv paus chaw ntawm cov tub rog tau nyob. Nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim ob pab tub rog raws li ib feem ntawm cov tub rog - tus thib 1, tau nrhiav thiab tso rau hauv Jamaica, thiab tus thib 2, nrhiav thiab teeb tsa hauv Trinidad. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog tau txiav txim siab ntawm 1640 cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm. Txhua pawg tub rog ntawm cov tub rog yuav tsum muaj 730 tus tub rog. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog yog txhawm rau lees paub qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lub tebchaws thiab kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies. Nws tau kwv yees tias cov tub rog yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim kev phooj ywg zoo ntawm txhua cov kob uas tau nkag mus rau Federation of West Indies. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1961, ntxiv rau Jamaicans, cov tub rog muaj 200 tus neeg los ntawm Trinidad thiab 14 tus neeg los ntawm Antigua.
1st Battalion ntawm West Indies Regiment, nyob hauv Jamaica, tau teeb tsa xyoo 1960 los ntawm plaub lub tuam txhab, ib qho yog lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm. Cov tub rog suav nrog 500 tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm, uas kwv yees li ib nrab yog los ntawm Jamaica, thiab 40 tus neeg tau txhawb nqa cov tub ceev xwm Askiv thiab tub ceev xwm - cov kws tshaj lij. Txawm hais tias cov tub ceev xwm ntawm pab tub rog tau los ntawm Jamaica, qhov feem ntawm cov neeg nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm lwm lub West Indies tau loj hlob nyob rau qib thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pab tub rog. 2nd Battalion ntawm West Indies Regiment tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1960.
Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1962, Lub Koom Haum ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Indies tau tawg, yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj ntau qhov kev nom tswv thiab kev lag luam sib txawv ntawm nws cov ncauj lus. Raws li, ua raws los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov tub rog koom ua ke, suav nrog West Indies cov tub rog. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 30, 1962, cov tub rog tau raug tshem tawm, thiab cov tub rog uas tau tsim nws los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov tub rog tub rog ntawm ob lub tebchaws loj tshaj plaws. Thawj pab tub rog tau dhau los ua caj qaum ntawm Jamaican Infantry Regiment, thiab pawg tub rog thib ob tau dhau los ua tus caj qaum ntawm Trinidad thiab Tobago Infantry Regiment.
Cov tub rog Jamaican
Cov keeb kwm ntawm Jamaican cov tub rog tau pib xyoo 1954, xyoo 1958 nws tau suav nrog ua thawj pab tub rog nyob hauv West Indies regiment, tab sis tom qab kev sib tawg ntawm qhov kawg nws tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv Jamaican regiment. Nws suav nrog 1st Battalion thiab 3rd Battalion ntawm West Indies Regiment. Hauv xyoo 1979, peb lub tuam txhab thiab ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm tau faib los ntawm pab tub rog thib 1, raws li cov tub rog thib ob tau tsim. Xyoo 1983, Jamaican Regiment tau koom nrog pab tub rog Asmeskas kev ntxeem tau ntawm Grenada.
Jamaican Regiment tam sim no yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau Jamaican Defense Force. Qhov no yog cov tub rog uas tsis yog siv tshuab, suav nrog peb pab pawg tub rog - ob ntu thiab ib thaj tsam. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog yog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov kob thiab pab rau tub ceev xwm hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm pej xeem thiab kev tawm tsam kev ua phem. Thawj pab tub rog tsis tu ncua ntawm cov tub rog, nyob hauv Kingston, yog siv feem ntau los txhawb tub ceev xwm hauv nroog hauv kev tswj hwm pej xeem. Pawg tub rog tsis tu ncua zaum thib ob yog siv rau kev saib xyuas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab rhuav tshem tshuaj. Ib ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog tseem koom nrog hauv txhua lub tebchaws United Nations kev saib xyuas kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv Caribbean.
Tag nrho lub zog ntawm Jamaica Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv tam sim no sawv ntawm kwv yees li 2,830 pab tub rog. Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv suav nrog cov tub rog hauv av (2,500 tus tub rog), tus txha nraub qaum uas yog 2 tus tsis tu ncua thiab 1 tus tub rog nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Jamaican cov tub rog, 1 tus kws ua haujlwm tub rog ntawm plaub lub tuam txhab, 1 pab tub rog. Nws muaj riam phom nrog 4 V-150 cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv phom thiab 12 81-mm mortars. Air Force muaj 140 pab tub rog thiab suav nrog 1 lub dav hlau thauj tub rog, 3 lub dav hlau dav hlau thiab 8 lub nyoob hoom qav taub. Tus Saib Xyuas Ntug Dej Num 190 thiab suav nrog 3 lub nkoj ceev ceev thiab 8 lub nkoj saib xyuas.
Trinidad Cov Tub Rog
Pawg tub rog thib ob ntawm West Indies Regiment hauv 1962 tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim ntawm Trinidad thiab Tobago Regiment. Chav tsev no yog cov tub ntxhais ntawm Trinidad thiab Tobago Defense Force. Ib yam li Jamaican Regiment, Trinidad thiab Tobago Regiment tau tsim los tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv ntawm lub xeev thiab txhawb cov koom haum tub ceev xwm hauv kev tawm tsam kev ua phem. Xyoo 1962, Trinidad thiab Tobago Regiment tau tsim los ntawm 2nd Battalion ntawm West Indies Regiment, thiab xyoo 1965 lub 2nd Infantry Battalion tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm Trinidad Regiment. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis kav ntev thiab tau muab tshem tawm hauv xyoo 1972.
Xyoo 1983, tsis zoo li lwm lub xeev West Indies, Trinidad thiab Tobago tsis txhawb nqa Asmeskas kev ua haujlwm hauv Grenada, thiab yog li Trinidad cov tub rog tsis koom nrog hauv kev tsaws ntawm Grenada. Tab sis thaum xyoo 1983-1984. cov kev faib ntawm cov tub rog tseem muaj nyob hauv Grenada txhawm rau txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau txoj cai lij choj thiab xaj thiab tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua phem phem. Xyoo 1993-1996. Trinidad cov tub rog yog ib feem ntawm UN lub luag haujlwm saib xyuas kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv Haiti. Xyoo 2004-2005. Cov tub rog tub rog tau koom nrog hauv kev tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm nag xob nag cua loj hauv Grenada.
Tam sim no, cov tub rog, txawm tias nws lub npe, tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog pab tub rog me me. Nws lub zog yog 2,800 tus tub rog, suav nrog ob pab tub rog, ib pab tub rog ua tub rog thiab pab tub rog txhawb nqa. Cov tub rog yog ib feem ntawm cov tub rog hauv av ntawm Trinidad thiab Tobago Defense Forces. Cov tom kawg yog cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob Indies thiab muaj 4,000 tus tub rog. Peb txhiab tus tub rog nyob hauv cov tub rog hauv av, uas suav nrog plaub pab tub rog Trinidad thiab Tobago Regiment thiab pab txhawb nqa thiab pab tub rog. Cov tub rog hauv av muaj riam phom rau rau rau phom, 24 rab phom tsis muaj phom thiab 13 lub foob pob tawg. Tus Saib Xyuas Ntug Hiav Txwv muaj 1,063 tus txiv neej thiab muaj riam phom nrog 1 lub nkoj saib xyuas, 2 lub nkoj loj thiab 17 lub nkoj saib xyuas me me, 1 lub nkoj pabcuam thiab 5 lub dav hlau. Trinidad Air Guard (hu ua Air Force of the country) xyoo 1966 tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas Ntug Hiav Txwv, tab sis tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1977, nws tau muab cais ua ib pawg tub rog. Nws muaj riam phom nrog 10 lub dav hlau thiab 4 lub nyoob hoom qav taub.
Barbados cov tub rog
Ntxiv nrog rau West Indies cov tub rog, Barbados Volunteer Forces yog ib ntawm cov tub rog uas tau tswj hwm hauv tebchaws Askiv cov neeg nyob hauv Caribbean. Lawv tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1902 los tiv thaiv cov kob thiab tswj kev txiav txim tom qab tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog Askiv. Cov neeg tuaj pab dawb hauv Barbados tau koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 thiab Zaum Ob uas yog ib feem ntawm West Indies thiab Caribbean cov tub rog. Xyoo 1948, Barbados Volunteer Force tau rov tsim dua thiab hloov npe ua Barbados Regiment. Xyoo 1959-1962. Barbados, uas yog ib feem ntawm Federation of West Indies, tsim Pawg Tub Rog thib 3 ntawm West Indies Regiment los ntawm Barbados Regiment. Tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Federation thiab kev tshaj tawm ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Barbados, Barbados Regiment tau rov kho dua thiab dhau los ua tus txha caj qaum ntawm Barbados Defense Force. Nws cov haujlwm suav nrog tiv thaiv cov kob los ntawm kev hem sab nrauv, tswj kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv thiab pab tub ceev xwm hauv kev tawm tsam kev ua phem. Tsis tas li, cov tub rog tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Hauv nws daim ntawv tam sim no, cov tub rog tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1979 - zoo li txhua tus Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv ntawm Barbados. Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog hauv Grenada xyoo 1983.
Cov tub rog hauv Barbados suav nrog ob ntu - ib txwm thiab ib pab tub rog tshwj tseg. Cov tub rog tsis tu ncua suav nrog lub tuam txhab hauv paus chaw haujlwm, uas muab kev thauj khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm rau cov tub rog lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm; tuam txhab engineering; lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, uas yog chav sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog raws li lub zog tawm tsam sai. Cov tub rog tshwj tseg suav nrog lub tuam txhab hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab ob lub tuam txhab phom loj. Nws yog chav tshwj tseg ntawm Barbados Defense Force uas yog tus saib xyuas keeb kwm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Barbados cov tub rog. Tshwj xeeb, pab tub rog ntawm Barbados Defense Forces tseem siv cov "Zouave" cov khaub ncaws hnav los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm West Indies cov tub rog nyob hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua puv 19.
Barbados Defense Force muaj plaub lub hauv paus. Lub caj qaum ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv yog Barbados Regiment. Barbados Tus Saib Xyuas Ntug Dej suav nrog cov nkoj saib xyuas, cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau koom nrog saib xyuas dej hiav txwv, cawm thiab ua haujlwm rau tib neeg. Lub hauv paus chaw ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev xa khoom ntawm txhua lwm yam ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv. Barbados Cadet Corps yog lub koom haum tub rog tub rog tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1904 thiab suav nrog tub rog thiab tub rog tub rog. Kuj tseem muaj chav kho mob hauv pawg tub rog. Txij li xyoo 1970. cov poj niam pib raug lees paub rau cov tub rog tub rog.
Antigua thiab Barbuda, Saint Kitts thiab Nevis
Ntxiv rau Jamaica, Trinidad thiab Barbados, Antigua thiab Barbuda kuj tseem muaj nws tus kheej Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv. Royal Defense Forces ntawm Antigua thiab Barbuda ua tiav kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv thiab kev ua pej xeem, tiv thaiv kev nyiag tshuaj, tswj kev nuv ntses, tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, pab thaum muaj xwm txheej ntuj, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lub zog ntawm Antigua thiab Barbuda Defense Forces tsuas yog 245 pab tub rog. Antigua thiab Barbuda Regiment suav nrog kev pabcuam thiab pabcuam kev pabcuam, kev tshem tawm engineering, lub tuam txhab tub rog, thiab cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas ntug dej hiav txwv suav nrog ntau lub nkoj. Xyoo 1983, 14 lub zog Antigua thiab Barbuda tau koom nrog Asmeskas kev ua haujlwm hauv Grenada, thiab xyoo 1990, 12 tus tub rog koom nrog kev tswj hwm kev txiav txim hauv Trinidad thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm ntawm kev ua tsis tiav los ntawm cov neeg Muslim dub nyob ntawd. Xyoo 1995, cov tub rog los ntawm Antigua thiab Barbuda tau koom nrog hauv kev saib xyuas kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv Haiti.
St. Kitts thiab Nevis Defense Force muaj nws cov hauv paus hauv Plantation Defense Troops, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1896 los tswj kev txiav txim ntawm cov cog ntoo ua qab zib. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev cog ntoo, cov tub rog tiv thaiv tau raug tshem tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1967, vim muaj kev tawm tsam hauv Anguilla, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim nws tus kheej Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv. Tam sim no, Saint Kitts thiab Nevis Defence Force suav nrog ib pab tub rog (Saint Kitts thiab Nevis Regiment) thiab Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv. St. Kitts thiab Nevis Regiment yog ib lub tuam txhab pab tub rog uas tsim los ntawm cov tub rog hais kom ua thiab peb rab phom platoons. Tag nrho lub zog ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv yog 300 pab tub rog, nrog rau lwm 150 tus raug cob qhia ntawm St. Kitts thiab Nevis Cadet Corps. Cov haujlwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv kuj tseem txwv tsis pub tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv, pej xeem kev txiav txim siab thiab tiv thaiv kev nyiag tshuaj.
Tam sim no, feem coob ntawm West Indies hauv cov teeb meem txawv teb chaws thiab kev tiv thaiv txoj cai ua raws li kev nyiam ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab lawv cov nroog yav dhau los. Rau qhov loj, qhov no siv rau cov tebchaws ntawm tebchaws Askiv Cov Neeg Koom Tes. Lawv Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Me, tau txais los ntawm cov tub rog nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv West Indies, yog siv los txhawb thiab tub ceev xwm thaum muaj kev xav tau tshwm sim. Yog lawm, kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv muaj tsawg heev hauv kev sib piv nrog cov tub rog ntawm ntau lub tebchaws ntawm tib lub tebchaws Latin America. Tab sis lawv tsis xav tau lub zog tub rog loj - rau kev ua haujlwm loj muaj cov tub rog Askiv lossis Asmeskas, thiab Jamaican lossis Barbados cov tub rog tuaj yeem ua haujlwm pabcuam, raws li tau hais, hauv Grenada xyoo 1983.
