Hauv kev txuas nrog kev txaj muag dhau ntawm kev muab cov khoom tiv thaiv dav hlau foob pob hluav taws S-400 rau Qaib Cov Txwv los ntawm Russia, Txoj cai tub rog Turkey thiab kev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau dhau los ua kev sib tham hauv ntiaj teb xov xwm. Tam sim no Turkey tau kwv yees yuav luag tag nrho kev sib cav nrog Tebchaws Meskas. Tab sis qhov tseeb, Qaib ntxhw tau thiab tseem yog ib tus tswv cuab tseem ceeb ntawm North Atlantic Alliance. Txawm hais tias Washington txoj kev ntseeg siab hauv Ankara tau poob qis.
Lub zog hauv av yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tub rog
Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Tub Rog yog cov coob tshaj plaws hauv NATO tom qab Asmeskas Tub Rog Rog. Thiab nws muaj peev xwm tias kev sib ntaus sib tua tshaj plaws-npaj. Tsis zoo li cov tub rog ntawm European lub xeev, cov tub rog Turkish tseem tab tom nrhiav los ntawm kev ua tub rog, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj cov peev txheej loj los ntawm cov txiv neej Turkish uas tau ua haujlwm hauv pab tub rog.
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov tub rog Turkish yog cov tub rog hauv av. Hauv North Atlantic Alliance, Qaib Cov Txwv muaj cov tub rog hauv av ntau tshaj plaws tom qab Tebchaws Meskas, uas tau ua tub rog zoo, tau kawm zoo thiab muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag tau txais thaum lub sijhawm ua tub rog ntau rau cov neeg tawm tsam Kurdish.
Cov tub rog hauv av ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv (Türk Kara Kuvvetleri) muaj kwv yees li 360 txhiab tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab yog cov ceg ntau ntawm cov tub rog (75% ntawm lawv tus lej tag nrho). Raws li lub teb chaws txoj cai lij choj, tuaj yeem siv cov tub rog hauv av, ua ntej, txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub tebchaws, tiv thaiv nws thaj chaw, koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm pab tib neeg, thiab qhov thib ob, los tiv thaiv kev nyiam hauv tebchaws los ntawm kev ywj pheej lossis koom nrog Huab Cua. Kev quab yuam thiab Tub Rog, ua lub tswv yim thiab ua haujlwm zoo hauv Caucasian, Balkan thiab Middle East cov lus qhia.
Cov tub rog Turkish-kev coj noj coj ua txiav txim siab txiav txim siab hauv av yog lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov tub rog, thiab thaum muaj kev ua tub rog, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb poob rau hauv av. Cov tub rog hauv av ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv yog tus saib xyuas ntawm cov tub rog hauv av (feem ntau nws muaj qib ntawm cov tub rog dav dav) thiab nws lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm, uas nws tus thawj coj yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev npaj ua haujlwm, kev tawm tsam kev qhia ntawm pab tub rog, cuam tshuam nrog lwm hom kev ua tub rog, kev nyab xeeb thiab cov tuam tsev pej xeem.
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm hauv av rog ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv
Cov qauv ntawm cov tub rog hauv av ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv suav nrog cov ceg ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov kev pabcuam. Ntaus hom tub rog - tub rog tub rog, tub rog tiv thaiv, phom loj, tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm cov tub rog hauv av thiab pab tub rog dav hlau. Cov tub rog txhawb nqa suav nrog kev txawj ntse tub rog, kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, pab tub rog engineering, teeb liab pab tub rog, tub rog tshuaj lom neeg, thiab tub ceev xwm tub rog.
Cov kev pabcuam tub rog, ib yam li hauv pab tub rog Lavxias, ua cov haujlwm tswj hwm, daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev txhawb nqa. Cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog suav nrog cov phom loj-kev siv tshuab, thauj mus los, nyiaj txiag, tub ceev xwm, kev tswj hwm, kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb-kev kho mob, tub rog-raug cai thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam.
Cov tub rog hauv av hauv tebchaws Turkey yog qhov zoo heev. Ua ntej, muaj plaub pab tub rog, pab pawg ua haujlwm nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm cov kob Cyprus, Thib ob, muaj cuaj pawg tub rog, xya leej yog ib feem ntawm cov tub rog ua haujlwm, thiab peb cov lus txib - hais kom ua ntawm cov tub rog ya dav hlau, kev qhia kom ua thiab kev hais kom ua tom qab.
Cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog suav nrog ntau pawg sib ntaus thiab tsim: 3 kev sib cais ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm (1 ntawm lawv - raws li ib feem ntawm NATO rog), 2 kev faib tub rog (hauv tebchaws Turkey Sab Qaum Teb ntawm Cyprus); 39 pawg tub rog sib cais: 14 tus kws kho tsheb, 10 tus neeg tsav tsheb tsav tsheb, 8 cov tub rog, 5 tus tub rog hais kom ua thiab 2 pawg tub rog loj; 5 ciam teb tub rog tub rog thiab 2 commando regiments. Ntawm qhov pov tseg ntawm kev qhia ua haujlwm yog kev qhia ua tub rog tiv thaiv, 4 kev qhia tub rog thiab 2 pab tub rog tub rog, ntau lub tsev kawm tub rog thiab chaw cob qhia. Ib qho ntxiv, cov hauv paus hauv av suav nrog ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab kev pabcuam tom qab.
Sib cais, nws tsim nyog sau cia pab tub rog dav hlau ntawm cov tub rog hauv av ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv, uas suav nrog 3 lub dav hlau pab tub rog, 1 pab tub rog ntawm cov dav hlau tua rog thiab 1 pab pawg thauj tub rog. Cov tub rog aviation txiav txim siab cov lus nug ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv av, lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa thauj.
Thaum kawg, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov muaj cov peev txheej kawm tiav, uas kwv yees kwv yees li ntawm 2.7 lab tus tib neeg. Cov no yog cov tub rog khaws cia nrog kev qhia zoo, thiab ntau tus kuj muaj kev paub tiag tiag hauv kev tawm tsam.
Cov tub rog hauv av hauv tebchaws Turkey tau ua tub rog zoo. Lawv muaj ntau dua 3,500 tso tsheb hlau luam, suav nrog German Leopard 1 (400 tsheb) thiab Leopard 2 (300 units), Asmeskas M60 (1,000 units), M47 thiab M48 (1,800 units); ntau dua 5 txhiab lub tsheb tiv thaiv ntawm ntau hom; txog 6,000 yam sib txawv ntawm cov phom loj, cov tshuaj khib, MLRS; mus txog 30 lub foob pob ua haujlwm-cov tswv yim sib ntaus, ntau dua 3,800 riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank (1,400 lub tshuab tiv thaiv lub tank thiab 2,400 rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank), cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dav hlau ya dav hlau; txog 400 lub dav hlau dav hlau ntawm pab tub rog dav hlau, suav nrog kev sib ntaus AN-1 "Cobra", ntau yam S-70 "Black Hawk", AS.532, UH-1, AV.204 / 206.
Kev qhia neeg thiab kev kawm tub rog
Cov tub ceev xwm hais plaub tus tub ceev xwm (tub ceev xwm) ntawm pab tub rog Turkish tau qhia hauv cov chaw qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm pawg tub rog thib 4. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj cov tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb uas tsis yog cov tub ceev xwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas lees paub cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 14-15 nrog rau kev kawm theem nrab. Cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis yog neeg ua haujlwm tseem tau kawm tiav hauv chav haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm tsev kawm tub rog, tsuas yog lub sijhawm kawm yog ob txog peb xyoos (nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb).
Cov tub ceev xwm cov tub ceev xwm tau kawm hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm ntau qib. Ua ntej, cov no yog kev npaj tsev kawm ntawv - lyceums tub rog thiab chaw dhia ua si, uas muaj ntau yam zoo ib yam nrog Suvorov thiab Nakhimov cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv Russia.
Qhov thib ob, cov no yog tsev kawm qib siab tub rog thib ob - tub rog, tiv thaiv tub rog, foob pob hluav taws, phom loj, tub ceev xwm, kev sib txuas lus, thev naus laus zis, commando, txawj ntse, lus txawv teb chaws. Lawv cob qhia cov thawj coj ntawm platoons, tuam txhab thiab roj teeb. Lub tsev kawm ntawv yooj yim yog "Kara harp okulu", uas yav tom ntej cov tub ceev xwm tau qhia rau 4 xyoos, tom qab uas lawv tau raug xa mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua 1-2 xyoo.
Qhov thib peb, qhov no yog tsev kawm tub rog ntawm cov tub rog hauv av, uas lees txais cov tub ceev xwm nrog qib ntawm tus thawj tub rog laus - tus loj uas tau ua haujlwm tsawg kawg 3 xyoos hauv pab tub rog tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm tub rog.
Thaum kawg, qib siab tshaj plaws yog Academy of the Armed Forces, qhov uas kawm tiav ntawm Army Academy tau txais thiab tau kawm los ua haujlwm hauv lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm kev sib faib thiab pab tub rog, Tus Thawj Coj Ua Haujlwm, thiab Turkish Ministry of Defense. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj ntau yam kev kawm, nrog rau kev coj ua ntawm cov kws qhia ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws.
Burgundy berets - Turkish tshwj xeeb rog
Muab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej kev nom kev tswv hauv Turkey nws tus kheej thiab nws thaj chaw, kev ua tub rog ntawm cov tub rog Turkish ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau kev txawj ntse tub rog thiab cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Nws yog lawv uas yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tawm tsam kev tsim riam phom ntawm Kurdistan Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Pab Pawg thiab lwm pab pawg muaj kev tawm tsam, suav nrog nyob ze Syria thiab Iraq.
Raws li ib feem ntawm Pab Pawg Tub Rog Tub Rog, muaj Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb Tshwj Xeeb (MTR), uas yog tus ncaj qha rau tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Haujlwm Loj ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog. Tab sis, txawm hais tias MTR tau muab cais ua cais raws li cov lus txib, nws tseem pom zoo kom cais lawv ua cov hauv av. Qhov hais kom ua ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb suav nrog lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm, chaw cob qhia, 3 pawg tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb, 1 tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm cov tub rog hauv cov xwm txheej sib ntaus, 1 tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm chaw thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev hais kom ya dav hlau, pab pawg txhawb nqa thiab pab pawg tshwj xeeb rau kev koom tes nrog kev tswj hwm pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv lem, hauv lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm MTR - 5 chav haujlwm: ua haujlwm, tshawb nrhiav, nraub qaum, kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tswj hwm, nrog rau lub tuam txhab hauv paus chaw haujlwm.
Cov Tub Rog Tshwj Xeeb Tshwj Xeeb cov tub rog feem ntau suav txog 600 thiab yog tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog nrog rau qib ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Pawg tub rog suav nrog lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab 8 pawg tub rog. Lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm muaj 5 chav haujlwm - cov neeg ua haujlwm, kev qhia ua haujlwm thiab kev tawm tsam, kev txawj ntse thiab kev tawm tsam kev txawj ntse, kev pabcuam tom qab, kev sib txuas lus, ntxiv rau 2 kev pabcuam - nyiaj txiag thiab kev kho mob.
Pawg tub rog ntawm MTR cov tub rog muaj 6 tus neeg soj xyuas thiab pab pawg ua phem ntawm 12 tus neeg. Cov pab pawg muaj 2 tus tub ceev xwm (tus thawj coj thiab tus lwm thawj) thiab 10 tus tub ceev xwm (tub ceev xwm, ua haujlwm, sniper, foob pob hluav taws, 2 tus kws kho mob, 2 tus kws tshaj lij thiab 2 sappers).
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tub rog Turkish tshwj xeeb yog cov tub rog burgundy. Nws tsis yog qhov yooj yim los ua tub rog tshwj xeeb-txhua tus tub ceev xwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis raug txib mus rau kev qhia tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum txawj ob yam lus lossis ntau yam lus txawv teb chaws (xws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tub ceev xwm tsis ua haujlwm).
Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws hauv Txoj Cai Txawv Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws thiab Hauv Tebchaws
Cov tub rog ib txwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua nom tswv hauv tebchaws Turkey, raug suav tias yog tus naj npawb thib ib ntawm lub zog. Qhov xwm txheej no tseem nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov tub rog tub rog Turkish yav dhau los tau txiav txim siab txhawb nqa Kemalists, Recep Erdogan tau ntau xyoo ntawm nws txoj cai tswj hwm kom tshem tawm ntau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm tus tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub ceev xwm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog, tshem tawm ntawm txhua tus thawj coj tsis ntseeg siab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tiam neeg tshiab ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Turkish thiab cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis tau ua haujlwm uas ua raws li kev ntseeg thiab kev saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb tau raug coj los lawm. Nws yog tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog hauv av uas muaj kev ntseeg siab tshaj rau Thawj Tswj Hwm Erdogan tam sim no, vim tias, raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub ceev xwm, lawv txawv ntawm cov tub rog thiab tub rog.
Cov tub rog hauv av yog Erdogan qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tub rog. Lawv, ua ke nrog tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws, tau koom nrog hauv kev daws teeb meem hauv kev tawm tsam tawm tsam Kurdish cov neeg ntxeev siab, hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv zej zog hauv thaj chaw "teeb meem" ntawm lub tebchaws zoo li Turkish Kurdistan.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov tub rog hauv av thiab tshwj xeeb yog Cov Tub Rog Tshwj Xeeb Tshwj Xeeb tau koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv Qaib Cov Txwv txoj kev txaus siab hauv tebchaws. Yog li, chav nyob ntawm pab tub rog Turkish tau qhia rau Syria, rau Iraq. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam nrog Turkish "Burgundy Berets" tseem yog qhov zais, tab sis nws tuaj yeem xav tias cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm Turkish tau ua thiab tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa ntau pab pawg Syrian radical sib ntaus tawm tsam tsoomfwv cov tub rog ntawm Bashar al. -Assad.
Tam sim no, thaum Russia tab tom yuav xa S-400 kev tiv thaiv huab cua mus rau Qaib Cov Txwv, thiab Cov kws tshuaj ntsuam sab hnub poob tau tham txog seb lawv puas yuav hloov lub F-35 lub dav hlau Lavxias hauv lub tebchaws cov tub rog, cov khoom siv uas Tebchaws Meskas npaj siab yuav txwv rau Qaib Cov Txwv, cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm yuav ua li cas Russia thiaj txiav txim siab cov tub rog Turkish, tam sim no nws yog phooj ywg, tus khub lossis muaj peev xwm ua yeeb ncuab? Nrog txhua qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm Vladimir Putin thiab Recep Erdogan,cov khoom siv tub rog thiab kev pom zoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke hauv Idlib, nws tseem muaj nqis rau kev xaiv thib peb.
Qaib ntxhw tsis tawm mus thiab yuav tsis tawm ntawm NATO pawg, uas tsis txawm zais nws qhov kev tawm tsam Lavxias. Hauv Syria, Qaib ntxhw txoj kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj hauv kev tsis sib haum nrog Lavxias kev txaus siab, thiab cov kws qhia Turkish, tau kawg, koom nrog kev qhia ntawm Syrian pab pawg radical. Keeb kwm, Russia thiab Turkey tau sib ntaus ntau dua li yog phooj ywg nrog lwm tus, thiab txawm hais tias lub sijhawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lavxias-Turkish yog yav dhau los, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias ib tus yuav tsum poob kev ceev faj hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg nyob ze thiab txaus ntshai nyob rau yav qab teb.
