Tsis nco qab txog ib txhiab tus phooj ywg, Thiab ntau pua lwm yam suab paj nruag
Koj yuav tsis pom ib tus phooj ywg, Tshaj li koj rab phom sib ntaus!
Nws tsuas yog dag hauv nws lub hnab ris, Hauv lub sijhawm txiav txim siab zaum kawg
Koj yeej yuav tsis raug dag
Nws yuav tsis ntxeev siab rau koj!
(Adas Lindsay Gordon - Australian kws sau paj huam thiab nom tswv)
Riam phom thiab tuam txhab. Thaum kawg, tig los rau Galan rab phom. Coob leej neeg nug kuv kom qhia txog nws, tab sis yuav qhia dab tsi? Tsis txhob sau phau ntawv ntawm V. E. Markevich? Tab sis cov hnub qub tau los ua ke, yog li koj tuaj yeem qhia txog nws, thiab qhia tawm hauv txhua daim ntawv, thiab tib lub sijhawm piav qhia tib yam Markevich. Zoo, peb yuav pib peb zaj dab neeg ib txwm muaj - nrog rau phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm tus tsim ntawm rab phom qub no. Charles-François René Galan yog neeg xam xaj Fab Kis (1832-1900), txawm hais tias nws ua haujlwm hauv Liege. Nws tus tub Rene txuas ntxiv nws txiv txoj kev lag luam thiab koom nrog riam phom kom txog thaum xyoo 1942. Nws tau txiav txim siab yog cov chaw tsim khoom loj nyob sab Europe nyob sab Europe - ob qho tib si pej xeem thiab tub rog. Txij xyoo 1873 nws tau koom tes nrog Chamelo-Delvin lub tuam txhab. Nws tau nto moo rau nws rab yaj phom "Galan", uas tseem qee zaum hu ua "Galan-Sommerville" lossis "Galan-Perrin" los ntawm lub npe ntawm daim cartridge siv nrog "lub kaus mom loj".
Hauv 70s ntawm XIX xyoo pua, ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom-rab phom muaj qhov sib txawv los tsim qauv nrog kev tso tawm sai. Cov lus qhia ntawm no tau teeb tsa los ntawm Smith thiab Wesson nrog lawv ntau tus qauv, thiab txhua tus neeg tshwj xeeb yog kev zoo siab los ntawm kev yuav lawv rab phom los ntawm tsoomfwv Lavxias thiab, tau kawg, kev txiav txim loj uas ua raws. Ntau tus, tshwj xeeb yog lub tuam txhab "Mervyn thiab Hubert", tau sim tsim qee yam kom zoo dua thiab "ntxias" tsoomfwv tsarist nrog lawv txoj kev txhim kho, tab sis txog thaum xyoo 1895 tsis muaj leej twg tsuas yog Leon Nagant ua tiav.
Tab sis nws yog Charles Galan cov phom me uas dhau los ua thawj tus qauv ntawm riam phom uas muaj "kev tso tawm tsis siv neeg", tsuas yog lawv nkag mus ua haujlwm tsis yog rau pab tub rog, tab sis … rau Lavxias rog. Thiab lawv tau saws yuav luag ib txhij nrog rab ntaj Smith thiab Wesson!
Thiab nws tau tshwm sim uas los ntawm kev xaj xaj 33 ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 12, 1871, muab los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub chaw haujlwm tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, rab phom no, nrog qee qhov kev hloov pauv uas tau ua ntawm kev coj ntawm Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, tau txais los ntawm Lavxias fleet nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "boarding revolver rab yaj phom piv txwv ntawm 1870". Cov phom ntev tau xub xav tias yuav tau yuav hauv Belgium. Thiab tom qab ntawd lawv qhov kev tso tawm yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm caj npab ntawm Nikolai Ivanovich Goltyakov hauv Russia (lub sijhawm no hauv keeb kwm ntawm rab phom no yuav tham tom qab). Tab sis, yog qhov nws tuaj yeem ua tau, rab phom tau siv los ua haujlwm thiab qee lub sijhawm thiab qee qhov ntau tau siv hauv peb lub nkoj!
Txog tus lej ntsuas, nws yog riam phom zoo heev nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd: rab yaj phom nrog lub thav duab qhib thiab ua ob zaug, ua daim ntawv pov thawj xyoo 1868. Lub ntsiab "tseem ceeb" ntawm tus tsim yog qib nyob hauv qab ntawm lub cev rab phom thiab ua ke nrog tus tiv thaiv. Txhawm rau tso cov chav ntawm rab phom rab phom los ntawm cov khoom siv uas siv tas mus li, nws yuav tsum tau nias lub qib uas tau hais los saum no thiab txo qis nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom ntawm rab phom txav mus rau tom ntej, tab sis lub phaj rho tawm tau thaiv thiab tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub thoob nws tus kheej txuas ntxiv nws qhov kev txav mus los, vim qhov uas lub tes tsho, tuav los ntawm lub phaj cais, raug tshem tawm ntawm lub nruas thiab poob rau hauv av. Hloov chaw, cov cartridges tshiab tuaj yeem tso tau, thiab qib txav rov qab, tom qab ntawd rab phom tau ntsaws thiab npaj tua hluav taws.
Cov cartridges hauv rab phom tau siv ntau qhov sib txawv: 7, 9 thiab tshwj xeeb yog 11-12 mm. Thawj qhov piv txwv ntawm rab phom tau tsim tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv ntawm lub chaw mos txwv nyob hauv Birmingham, uas yog coj los ntawm Brandlin thiab Sommerville (yog li nws lub npe thib ob!). Tab sis txij thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1868, kev tsim cov phom ntev tau teeb tsa hauv Liege. Lub mos txwv no tau pib siv nrog kev ua tiav zoo hauv Fab Kis, qhov twg, ua ntej qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov neeg nyob ze German, cov tub ceev xwm tsuas yog nyiam nws thiab yuav ntawm lawv tus kheej cov nuj nqis. Kev ua lag luam rau pej xeem kuj tsis nyob li qub. Nws muag 12 mm thiab 9 mm rab phom rab phom (qhov hu ua "rab phom rab phom"). Ntxiv mus, tsis yog Galan nws tus kheej tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov phom, tab sis kuj yog kev lag luam ntawm Vivario Plomber, Varnan tuam txhab thiab Nagan cov kwv tij, thiab Goltyakov Rhiav hauv Tula xyoo 1878. Cov tub rog Romanian kuj tau xaj Galan rab phom.
Mus rau Fabkis tom qab tsov rog xyoo 1870-1871. nws tau txiav txim siab los ua haujlwm nrog rab phom tshiab, thiab Galan txiav txim siab koom nrog hauv kev sib tw tshaj tawm los ntawm Ministry of War. Thaum xub thawj nws tau txiav txim siab muab cov tub rog txhim kho nws tus qauv xyoo 1868, tab sis cov tub rog xav tau rab ntaj nrog lub thav duab kaw. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, Galan tsim xyoo 1872 (daim ntawv pov thawj hnub tim 28 Lub Ob Hlis, Lub Rau Hli 24 thiab Cuaj Hlis 24 xyoo no) qhov yooj yim heev tab sis rab phom rab phom, uas, txawm li cas los xij, tau dhau los kim dua Chamelo-Delvin, uas yeej qhov kev sib tw no. Muaj ob qhov paub (tsis tshua muaj neeg tsawg) tus qauv ntawm rab phom no: ib qho yog tsim los rau cov mos txwv ib txwm muaj lub hau loj, lwm qhov yog rau 11-hli Chamelo-Delvin cartridges. Tsis muaj tsawg tsawg yog hom thib ob ntawm rab phom no, nrog rau ob lub thoob: ib qho rau 11-hli Galan cartridges, lwm yam rau 11-hli Chamelo-Delvin.
Tom qab ua tsis tiav nrog pab tub rog, Galan tig mus rau kev ua lag luam pej xeem thiab pib nws TUE-TUE (Tua-Tua) rab yaj phom tsis muaj rab phom rau nws xyoo 1892/1893. Nws tau dhau los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas nws tau tsim kom txog thaum xyoo 1935 nyob rau hauv 8 mm cartridge ntawm 1892. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm VO rab phom no tau piav qhia ntxaws hauv kab lus "Galand Tué Tué Revolver".
Raws li txoj hmoo ntawm Galan cov phom nyob hauv Lavxias lub nkoj huab tais, qhov xwm txheej ntawm no yog raws li hauv qab no: xyoo 1874, Smith thiab Wesson cov phom me kuj pib tuaj txog ntawm lub nkoj, thiab lawv twb nyob rau xyoo 1880 ntxov lawm. pib maj mam, tab sis tsis tu ncua "Galan". Kev paub ua haujlwm tau pom tias los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tsim qauv zoo, tsis yog ib tus lossis lwm tus muaj qhov zoo dua ib leeg, tab sis kev nyiam tseem xav tau muab rau rab phom Smith thiab Wesson vim yog "kev paub thiab nyiaj txiag" yooj yim uas ua rau los ntawm kev siv tus qauv uas zoo ib yam li pab tub rog. Xyoo 1881, Grand Duke Constantine tau pom zoo yuav Smith thiab Wesson rab phom rau lub nkoj thiab kom ncua kev xaj xaj rau Galan rab phom. Txawm li cas los xij, "Galans" thaum kawg tsis siv los ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, suav nrog V. E. Markevich, ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm rab phom no yog lub zog me me ntawm 450-caliber nruab nrab kev sib ntaus. Tam sim no, lawv hais tias, yog tias nws yog rab phom rab phom Askiv, tom qab ntawd nrog tib lub peev xwm nws yuav muaj zog dua thiab muaj riam phom zoo tshaj qub hauv kev sib piv nrog tib rab phom Askiv ntawm Adams!
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseem ceeb, yog li hais lus, "tus sib tw" ntawm Galan hauv kev nkag siab ntawm kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm cov qib siab yog qee yam John Thomas, uas nyob hauv Birmingham xyoo 1879-1883. Nws ua haujlwm ua tus thawj coj ntawm Tipping & Lowden, lub chaw tsim khoom siv phom. Nws nyob ntawd uas nws "dawned", thiab qhov tshwm sim, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 13, 1869, nws tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj lus Askiv No. 779 rau nws "rab yaj phom nrog lub tshuab rho tawm cartridge tsis siv neeg," thiab tom qab ntawd sau npe nws hauv Belgium, hauv Brussels. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 31, 1869, nyob rau hauv No. 25565, nws tau txais lwm daim ntawv pov thawj rau kev txhim kho tus qauv ntawm nws rab phom.
Hauv nws rab yaj phom, nws tau tso lub qis qis, thiab muab lub thoob nrog tus kov. Nrog nws txoj kev pab, lub thoob tau tig (rau qhov no, tau muab cov kab sib dhos ua rau nws) ib nrab tig rov qab, tshem tawm ntawm tus ncej thiab txav mus rau tom ntej nrog lub nruas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub hnub qub zoo li lub tshuab rho tawm tau raug thawb tawm ntawm lub nruas thiab tib lub sijhawm tshem tawm txhua qhov teeb meem los ntawm nws.
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias tseem muaj lub fuse nyob rau sab laug hauv qab qhov ua rau thiab lub qhov rooj Abadi (ntawm sab xis), uas quav rov qab los thauj cov mos txwv.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau lig nrog nws rab phom. Zoo li Galan. Smith thiab Wesson system tau muab ob qho tib si ntawm cov phom no.
PS Cov duab ntawm rab phom rov los ntawm Alain Daubresse, tus sau ntawm www.littlegun.be.
