Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom

Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom
Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom

Video: Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom

Video: Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom
Video: Xov Xwm 4/12/22 Neeg Phem Caws Foob Pob Rau Tsheb Ciav Hlau&Ob Tug Ntxhais Keej&Nyiag Xaj Liv Mus Hn 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim
Duab
Duab

"Europe tuaj yeem tos."

(Abigal Masham)

Keeb kwm ntawm phom. Thiab nws tau tshwm sim tias tus poj huab tais zoo thiab ntxim nyiam (uas cov neeg nyiam nws) tau dhau los ua thawj tus vaj ntxwv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tebchaws Askiv, Scotland thiab Ireland. Thiab nws tau xaus rau txoj haujlwm no thaum muaj hnub nyoog 37, thiab … muaj 17 qhov kev xeeb tub tsis ua tiav tom qab nws. Nws yog nyob hauv poj huab tais Anne (1665-1714) uas Askiv nkag mus rau Kev Tsov Rog ntawm Spanish Kev Tuav Pov Hwm, thiab txawm hais tias nws tsis nyiam ua nom ua tswv, nws tau tswj hwm txoj hauv kev uas nws nyob ib puag ncig nws tus kheej nrog txhua lub galaxy ntawm cov neeg nto moo, cov thawj coj tub rog, kws tshawb fawb thiab sau ntawv. Hauv USSR, nws tau hais txog tus poj huab tais no raws li kev ua si los ntawm E. Scribe "A Glass of Water" uas cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj tib lub npe raug tua, uas tau tso tawm xyoo 1979, thaum cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm Great Britain, Ireland thiab United. Lub xeev, nyeg, tua lawv tus kheej zaj duab xis ntawm lub ntsiab lus nyiam ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm poj huab tais Anne, uas yog hu ua "Nyiam". Zoo, thiab lub npe ntawm tus poj huab tais no tau lub npe … rab yaj phom, me ntsis txawv ntawm cov uas tau muaj hauv tebchaws Askiv ua ntej.

Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom
Poj huab tais Anne lub rab yaj phom
Duab
Duab

Feem ntau, tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb txog poj huab tais Anne rab phom. Nws yog rab yaj phom flintlock zoo ib yam nrog txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv tus ncej. Cov xauv zoo li no, hauv kev sib piv rau cov riam phom zoo ib yam, uas qhov chaw xauv tau nyob ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tseem ceeb, muaj cov txheej txheem sib dhos ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub thawv ntawv zoo li cov ntaub ntawv, zoo ib yam li rab yaj phom niaj hnub no. Vim li no, los ntawm txoj kev, lawv feem ntau hu ua "lub thawv xauv phom". Ib qho ntxiv, lwm qhov sib txawv yog qhov lub qhov hluav taws kub rau cov hmoov thiab cov hmoov ntim rau ntawm ntau ntawm lawv tau nyob rau saum lub thoob, thiab tsis nyob ntawm ib sab, zoo li ua ntej. Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov riam phom no yog "rab phom phom" nrog cov tuab ntawm lub qhov ncauj.

Duab
Duab

Tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb no tsis tseem ceeb npaum li lwm qhov, cuam tshuam tsis zoo nrog lub ntsej muag zoo li lub thoob nrog nws cov cuab yeej. Cov phom loj ntawm poj huab tais Anne rab yaj phom tsis tau ntsaws nrog lub thoob ntswj txoj cai nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm chav tsev (koj tuaj yeem ua nws nrog koj txhais tes!) Lub tsev yog ntev thiab nqaim kom haum rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov mos txwv. Vim tias qhov kev npaj no, lub mos txwv rau Poj huab tais Anne rab phom tau loj dua txoj kab uas hla, qhov uas feem ntau puag ncig cov mos txwv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd me dua txoj kab uas hla txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim thauj khoom.

Thaum lub sijhawm tua, tom qab lub mos txwv hauv rab yaj phom, lub siab roj tau tsim ua ntej nws nkag mus rau hauv lub thoob, vim qhov ua rau lub qhov ncauj nrawm dua qhov ua tiav tau zoo dua li hauv rab phom thauj khoom rab phom. Yog li ntawd, rab phom feem ntau tshwj xeeb ua rau phom ntev, uas ntxiv qhov tseeb ntawm kev tua los ntawm cov phom me.

Ua thawj zaug hauv tebchaws Askiv thaum lub sijhawm huab tais Anne, cov phom no tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam thiab … vim qee qhov lawv tau txais lub npe no, txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias poj huab tais tuag thaum xyoo 1714, thiab lub sijhawm ntawd lawv nyuam qhuav pib tshwm sim Cov phom me no muaj ntau qhov sib txawv thiab ntsuas ntsuas, tab sis vim qee qhov lawv feem ntau tau tsim los ua cov phom me. Yog li ntau lub npe tau tsim rau lawv: "rab yaj phom hnab tshos", "rab yaj phom rau lub hnab tshos", thiab ntxiv - "rab phom rau clutch".

Duab
Duab

Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias cov phom me no tau tsim rau ntau dua 100 xyoo, thiab tsis yog tsuas yog cov phom zoo li cov phom, tab sis tom qab ntawd kuj tseem yog rab yaj phom primer, uas yav dhau los cov qauv tso tawm tau hloov pauv ntau heev.

Duab
Duab

Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau txo tus tswv ntawm rab phom los ntawm qhov xav tau qhwv lub mos txwv hauv paj rwb lossis ntaub, lossis siv rab ramrod thaum thauj khoom. Raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov phom me tsis tau ua tiav, txij li thaum tshav kub kub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, thaum thauj khoom, nws yooj yim los tso ib lub thoob cais. Ib qho sib koom ua ke tau tsim los kom lub thoob tuaj yeem tsis muaj hau ntswj, thaum nws tseem yuav txuas nrog, tab sis qhov kev txhim kho kom meej meej tsis coj mus rau qhov ua tiav. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws "Poj huab tais Anne rab phom" tau txais ntawm cov pej xeem raws li riam phom zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kheej. Lawv feem ntau tau kho kom haum rau qhov nyiam ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom nplua nuj.

Duab
Duab

Tej zaum qhov kev txhim kho zaum kawg ntawm poj huab tais Anne rab yaj phom tsim tau tshwm sim ib puag ncig 1805, thaum Mortimer & Co.

Duab
Duab

Rau cov neeg muaj nyiaj nplua nuj tshaj plaws, Cov kws siv phom Askiv thiab Fab Kis pib tsim cov khoom ua tiav, suav nrog rab phom tua tsiaj, ob rab phom loj loj thiab ob rab phom me "Poj huab tais Anne" nrog nplua nuj sau rau ntawm cov thoob, xauv thiab lub hauv paus.

Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav, kev tsim cov phom me ntawm hom no hauv tebchaws Askiv txuas ntxiv, tsuas yog tam sim no lawv tau pib ua nrog tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj xauv. Qhov tseeb, nws yog cov phom me uas tau dhau los ua poj koob yawm txwv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam nto moo tsim nyob hauv Asmeskas.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe txuas ntxiv, rab phom ntawm hom no tau txais lawv tus kheej lub npe "terzerol", uas los ntawm lus Italis Terzuolo (hawk). Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau pheej yig tshaj ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav terzeroles tau pab ua kom cov noog ntshai ntawm cov vaj thiab vaj txiv hmab, lossis … rau kev yos hav zoov. Ib leeg-thiab ob-barreled versions tau tsim. Terzeroli, pib los ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, tau ua nrog cov nplaim hluav taws xauv, uas nyob rau xyoo pua puv 19 tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj txhim khu kev qha.

Duab
Duab

Vim yog qhov xav tau ntau rau cov tshuaj ntsiav terzeroli, uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb hauv Zella-Melis thiab Liège, ntau lub tuam txhab caj npab tau koom nrog lawv cov khoom lag luam, thiab lawv tau tsim lawv los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 mus txog rau thaum xyoo 1930s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

Qhov txaus siab, tus kws siv phom Askiv Harvey Walklate Mortimer, uas yog tus kws siv phom ntawm George III (1730-1820), tau txais kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb hauv kev thauj khoom, uas ntseeg tau tias tau tsim los ntawm Florentine tus kws siv phom Michele Lorenzoni (d. 1733). Cov txheej txheem sab hauv sab hauv ntawm Lorenzoni tau tso cai txog kaum qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug kom raug rho tawm siv cov nqi (cov mos txwv thiab rab phom) los ntawm lub khw muag khoom zais hauv qhov tuav. Thaum qib tau tig ib puas thiab yim caum degrees rau tom ntej thiab tom qab ntawd, rab yaj phom tau rov qhib dua thiab twb tau tsoo lawm, yog li tus neeg tua phom tsuas yog ntxiv rab phom mus rau lub txee. Mortimer tau tsim cov phom loj ntawm Lorenzoni yam cuam tshuam nws qib siab ntawm kev siv tes ua thiab … kev ua tau zoo ntawm Lorenzoni tus kheej tsim.

Pom zoo: