Kev swb ntawm Crimean Pem Hauv Ntej thiab nws qhov kev tshem tawm tom ntej thaum lub Tsib Hlis 8-19, 1942, dhau los ua ib qho kev sib txuas hauv cov saw hlau ntawm kev puas tsuaj tub rog xyoo 1942. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm Wehrmacht Army 11th nyob rau hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm Colonel-General Erich von Manstein tawm tsam Crimean Front zoo ib yam li lwm txoj haujlwm German ntawm lub sijhawm no. Cov tub rog German, tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntxiv thiab ntxiv dag zog thiab peev txheej, tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Soviet cov rog uas tau mus txog qhov tsis muaj chaw nyob thiab raug kev puas tsuaj loj.
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 18, 1941, pawg tub rog German thib 11 tau pib ua haujlwm txhawm rau txeeb Crimea. Txog thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 16, tag nrho cov ceg av qab teb, tshwj tsis yog lub hauv paus ntawm Lub Nkoj Dub Nkoj - Sevastopol, raug ntes. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-Lub Ib Hlis 1941-1942, raws li Kerch-Feodosiya tsaws haujlwm, pab tub rog liab rov qab los rau Kerch Peninsula thiab nce 100-110 km hauv 8 hnub. Tab sis twb dhau lub Ib Hlis 18, Wehrmacht tau rov qab Feodosia. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis-Plaub Hlis 1942, Crimean Front tau ua peb txoj kev tig los ua dej num ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm ceg av qab teb hauv nws txoj kev nyiam, tab sis vim li ntawd nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov ua tiav loj thiab raug kev txom nyem hnyav.
Erich von Manstein.
Cov phiaj xwm ntawm German hais kom ua
Raws li hauv lwm cov haujlwm ntawm Soviet-German pem hauv ntej, kev tawm tsam ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1942 tau nkag mus rau theem kev ua tsov rog. Wehrmacht tau ua thawj zaug los tua qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis txaus siab thaum lub Peb Hlis 1942. Pab tub rog 11 tau txais kev txhawb ntxiv - 28 Jaeger thiab 22nd Panzer Division. Ib qho ntxiv, Romanian cov tub rog tau txais 4th Rifle Division. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xa cov tub rog Soviet nyob rau Crimea thawj zaug tau hais kom ua los ntawm pab tub rog thib 11 thaum Lub Ob Hlis 12 hauv "Kev txiav txim ntawm kev coj ua kev ua phem rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob thaum kawg lub caij ntuj no" ntawm cov lus txib tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog hauv av. ntawm Peb Reich. Cov tub rog German tau ntes Sevastopol thiab Kerch Peninsula. Cov lus txib German xav kom tso cov tub rog loj ntawm pab tub rog 11 rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Nrog qhov kawg ntawm lub sij hawm thaw, cov tub rog German tau pib txav mus rau qhov ua raws txoj phiaj xwm no. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tswj hwm rau pab pawg German peb pawg yog Txoj Cai No. 41 ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 5, 1942. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw xyoo 1942 yog Caucasus thiab Leningrad. Cov tub rog German thib 11, uas tau poob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov chaw sib cais ntawm Soviet-German pem hauv ntej, tau ua lub luag haujlwm "tshem Kerch Peninsula los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab hauv Crimea thiab ntes Sevastopol."
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1942, ntawm kev sib tham nrog Adolf Hitler, Georg von Sonderstern thiab Manstein nthuav qhia txoj haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm Soviet rog ntawm Kerch Peninsula. Cov tub rog ntawm Crimean Pem Hauv Ntej tau tsim los ntawm Parpach Isthmus (ntawm qhov hu ua Ak-Monai txoj haujlwm). Tab sis qhov ntom ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog tsis zoo ib yam. Lub flank ntawm Crimean Front uas nyob ib sab rau Hiav Txwv Dub tau qaug zog, thiab kev ua tiav ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tau tso cai rau cov neeg German mus rau tom qab nrog pab pawg muaj zog dua los ntawm 47th thiab 51st pab tub rog. Txoj haujlwm ua txhaum los ntawm Soviet txoj haujlwm ntawm 44th Soviet Army tau tso siab rau kev txhawb nqa XXX Army Corps (AK) ntawm Lieutenant General Maximilian Fretter-Pico ua ib feem ntawm 28th Jaeger, 50th Infantry, 132nd Infantry, 170th Infantry, 22 1st Panzer Kev faib ua feem. Ib qho ntxiv, German cov lus txib yuav siv lub ntsej muag ntawm Crimean pem hauv ntej qhib los ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab tsaws tsaws tom qab ntawm cov tub rog Soviet uas tau tawm tsam ua ib feem ntawm pab tub rog ntawm 426th cov tub rog. XXXXII AK raws li ib feem ntawm 46th Infantry Division raws li cov lus txib ntawm General of Infantry Franz Mattenklott thiab VII Romanian Corps ua ib feem ntawm 10th Infantry, 19th Infantry Division, 8th Cavalry Brigade tau ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam sab xis muaj zog tis ntawm Crimean pem hauv ntej. Kev ua haujlwm tau them los ntawm huab cua los ntawm VIII Luftwaffe Air Corps raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Baron Wolfram von Richthofen. Kev ua haujlwm tau codenamed "Bustard Hunt" (German: Trappenjagd).
Cov tub rog thib 11 tsis zoo rau Crimean Front (KF): hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm 1, 6: 1 zaug (250 txhiab tus tub rog ntawm pab tub rog liab tiv thaiv 150 txhiab tus neeg German), hauv phom thiab phom los ntawm 1, 4: 1 (3577 ntawm KF thiab 2472 rau cov neeg German), 1, 9: 1 hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov phom tua tus kheej (347 rau KF thiab 180 rau cov neeg German). Tsuas yog hauv kev ya dav hlau muaj qhov sib npaug: 1: 1, 175 tus neeg tua rog thiab 225 tus neeg foob pob los ntawm KF, cov neeg German - 400 chav nyob. Cov cuab yeej muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv Manstein txhais tes yog von Richthofen's VIII Luftwaffe Air Corps, chav muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm German Air Force. Richtofen muaj kev paub txog kev sib ntaus sib tua loj heev - rov qab rau hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 nws tau yeej yim qhov kev yeej saum huab cua thiab tau txais Iron Cross ntawm qib 1, tawm tsam hauv Spain (tus thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab tom qab ntawd tus thawj coj ntawm Condor legion), koom nrog hauv Polish, Fab Kis cov phiaj xwm, Cretan kev ua haujlwm, koom nrog Kev Ua Haujlwm Barbarossa thiab Typhoon (ua phem rau Moscow). Tsis tas li ntawd, tus thawj coj German tau muaj tshiab 22nd Panzer Division nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Major General Wilhelm von Apel. Kev faib tawm tau tsim nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm 1941 ntawm thaj chaw ntawm ib feem nyob hauv Fabkis, thiab nws tau "puv ntshav". Lub tank faib tau ua tub rog nrog Czech PzKpfw 38 (t) lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam. Los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev tawm tsam, kev faib ua haujlwm tau txhawb nqa nrog 3 lub nkoj ua rog (52 lub tso tsheb hlau luam), ntxiv rau, thaum Lub Plaub Hlis, chav tau txais 15-20 T-3 thiab T-4. Kev faib ua haujlwm muaj 4 tus tub rog caij tsheb ciav hlau, ob ntawm lawv tau nruab nrog "Ganomag" cov tub rog tiv thaiv cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank (nws tseem muaj rab phom rau tus kheej).
Manstein muaj cov cuab yeej txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv Crimean pem hauv ntej thiab txhim kho kev ua tiav ntawm Air Corps thiab 22nd Panzer Division. Kev faib lub tank tuaj yeem, tom qab tsoo hla lub hauv ntej, txav mus rau tom ntej sai sai thiab rhuav tshem Soviet cov peev txheej, kev pabcuam tom qab, thiab cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus. Kev txhim kho pab tub rog tau txhawb ntxiv nrog Grodek cov neeg tsav tsheb loj, ua los ntawm cov qauv tsheb uas koom nrog hauv kev ua phem ntawm cov koog. Hais kom ua ntawm Crimean Pem Hauv Ntej - Tus Thawj Coj ntawm KF Tus Thawj Coj General Dmitry Timofeevich Kozlov, cov tswvcuab ntawm Pab Pawg Tub Rog (Pawg Thawj Coj Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb FA Mezis), tsuas muaj lub tank tso rau kev txhawb nqa ncaj qha ntawm cov tub rog (tank cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog) thiab tsis tsim txhais tau tias ntawm kev tawm tsam kev nkag mus tob ntawm cov neeg German - pab pawg mobile pab pawg suav nrog lub tank, tiv thaiv lub tank, tshuab, thiab kev ua tub rog. Peb kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias kab hauv ntej tau qhib rau kev soj ntsuam hauv lub dav hlau, nws yog qhov qhib dav. Cov neeg German yooj yim qhib txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog Soviet.
Cov phiaj xwm ntawm Soviet hais kom ua, lub zog ntawm Crimean Front
Cov lus txib hauv Soviet, txawm hais tias lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tsam lub caij ntuj no tsis tau ua tiav, tsis xav plam qhov kev pib ua, thiab tsis plam kev cia siab ntawm kev hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej hauv lawv txoj kev nyiam. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 21, 1942, Cov Thawj Coj Loj ntawm North Caucasian tau taw qhia, coj los ntawm Marshal Semyon Budyonny. Sab Hnub Poob Crimean, Cheeb Tsam Sevastopol, Sab Qab Teb Caucasian Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam, Dej Hiav Txwv Dub thiab Azov Flotilla tau ua haujlwm rau Budyonny.
Lub Crimean pem hauv ntej tuav txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv ntawm qhov nqaim Ak-Monaysk isthmus 18-20 km dav. Pem hauv ntej suav nrog peb pab tub rog: 44th nyob rau hauv kev txib ntawm Lieutenant General Stepan Ivanovich Chernyak, 47th Major General Konstantin Stepanovich Kolganov, 51st Army of Lieutenant General Vladimir Nikolaevich Lvov. Hauv tag nrho, thaum pib lub Tsib Hlis, KF lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm muaj 16 rab phom thiab 1 pab tub rog sib cais, 3 phom, 4 lub tank, 1 pab tub rog, 4 pawg sib cais tank, 9 rab phom loj ntawm RGK thiab lwm yam kev tsim. Sab xub ntiag thaum Lub Ob Hlis - Plaub Hlis 1942 tau raug kev txom nyem loj heev, tau tso ntshav ntau, nkees, tsis muaj qhov tshiab thiab muaj zog poob siab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, KF, txawm hais tias nws tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv tus txiv neej, tso tsheb hlau luam, phom thiab phom, tsis zoo dua.
Kev tsim asymmetric ntawm KF cov tub rog ntau dua qhov sib npaug ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm Soviet thiab German hais kom ua. Txoj haujlwm ntawm KF tau muab faib ua ob ntu, tsis sib xws nrog cov tub rog. Sab qab teb ntawm Koi-Aisan mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv Dub nrog qhov ntev txog 8 km sawv cev rau Soviet txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv npaj rov qab rau Lub Ib Hlis 1942. Lawv tau tiv thaiv los ntawm 276th Rifle, 63rd Rifle Rifle Division ntawm 44th Army (A). Hauv qhov kev sib tw zaum thib ob thiab qhov tshwj tseg yog 396th, 404th, 157th phom sib faib, pawg tub rog phom loj 13, tub rog 56th (thaum lub Tsib Hlis 8-7 KV, 20 T-26, 20 T-60), pab tub rog thib 39 (2 KV, 1 T-34, 18 T-60), 126th cov tub rog sib cais tank (51 T-26), 124th cov tub rog sib cais tank (20 T-26). Sab qaum teb ntawm Koi-Aisan mus rau Kiet (li 16 km) nkhaus mus rau sab hnub poob, hloov pauv Feodosia, uas, raws li cov phiaj xwm ntawm Soviet hais kom ua, yog thawj lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tawm tsam. Hauv kab ntawv no thiab nyob ze ib puag ncig ntawm nws, lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm 51st thiab 47th pab tub rog ntawm KF tau sib sau ua ke, txhawb ntxiv los ntawm pab tub rog nyob hauv qab lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm. Hauv thawj lub tebchaws yog 271st, 320th phom sib faib, 77th faib phom ntev, 47th A, 400th, 398th, 302nd phom sib faib 51A, 55th tank brigade (10 KV, 20 T-26, 16 T-60), 40th tank brigade (11 KV, 6 T-34, 25 T-60). Hauv qhov kev sib tw thib ob thiab tshwj tseg: 224th, 236th kev faib phom, 47th A, 138th, 390th phom sib faib, 51st A, 229th cais cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua (11 KB) thiab lwm chav.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm sab xub ntiag, Dmitry Kozlov tau sib sau ua ke lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm KF ntawm nws sab xis, tab sis lawv tau poob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab poob lawv lub zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg German tau tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev ncua ntawm yav dhau los thiab yav tom ntej tshiab Soviet kev tawm tsam. Cov lus txib ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Tshaj Plaws No. 170357 rau cov lus txib ntawm KF txog kev hloov mus rau kev tiv thaiv yog lig dhau lawm, tsis muaj sijhawm ntxiv los ua pawg sib koom, tshem tawm pawg tawm tsam ntawm sab xis kom txhawb nqa txoj haujlwm ntawm sab laug flank. Cov lus txib German, tau sib sau ua ke pab pawg tawm tsam ntawm nws sab xis sab xis ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm 44th A, tsis txhob yig.
Raws li thawj qhov phiaj xwm ntawm kev hais kom ua ntawm Pab Pawg Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb, Kev Ua Haujlwm Bustard Hunt tau pib rau 5 Tsib Hlis. Tab sis vim qhov kev ncua hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ya dav hlau, qhov pib ntawm kev ua phem tau raug ncua rau lub Tsib Hlis 8. Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias kev tawm tsam German tau ua tiav qhov xav tsis thoob rau KF cov lus txib. Tsis ntev ua ntej pib kev tawm tsam German, tus kws tsav dav hlau Croatian tau ya mus rau sab Soviet thiab tshaj tawm txog kev tawm tsam tom ntej. Txog thaum kawg ntawm Lub Tsib Hlis 7, tau xaj xaj rau cov tub rog pem hauv ntej, uas tshaj tawm tias kev tawm tsam German tau cia siab rau lub Tsib Hlis 8-15, 1942. Tab sis tsis muaj lub sijhawm rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug.
Sib ntaus
Tej zaum 7. Lub dav hlau VIII ntawm Luftwaffe tau rov qab los rau cheeb tsam Kharkov sai sai los koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm Barvenkovsky ledge. Yog li ntawd, kev tawm tsam huab cua tau pib ib hnub ua ntej kev hloov pauv mus rau kev tawm tsam ntawm pawg tub rog German 11. Thoob plaws ib hnub, German Air Force tau tawm tsam lub hauv paus chaw thiab chaw sib txuas lus. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm German kev ya dav hlau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no tau ua tiav zoo, piv txwv li, thaum raug tua ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm 51st Army thaum lub Tsib Hlis 9, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj, Tus Thawj Coj Tub Rog Vladimir Lvov tuag. Cov lus txib hauv tebchaws Soviet tau rov xav dua ua ntej thiab raug kev txom nyem hnyav. Kev hais kom ua thiab tswj hwm cov tub rog tau cuam tshuam ib nrab.
Tej zaum 8. Thaum 4.45, kev qhia dav hlau thiab phom loj pib. Thaum 7.00, chav nyob ntawm 28th Jaeger, 132nd Infantry Faib ntawm 30 AK ntawm sab xis German flank tau tawm tsam. Lub tshuab tseem ceeb poob rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 63rd Rifle Division thiab ib feem ntawm 276th Rifle Division ntawm 44th A. Txog hnub kawg, cov chav German tau tsoo dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv ntej 5 km deb thiab mus rau qhov tob ntawm 8 km.
Thaum 20.00 tus thawj coj hauv ntej, Kozlov tau xaj kom rov tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab uas tau tawg. Cov rog ntawm 51st A thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Tsib Hlis 9 tau xav tias yog los ntawm kab Parpach - g. Shuruk-Oba kom tawm tsam qhov kev coj ntawm Peschanaya gully. Pawg neeg tawm tsam suav nrog 4 kev sib faib phom, 2 pawg tub rog thiab 2 pawg sib cais ntawm lub tank: 302nd, 138th thiab 390th phom sib faib los ntawm 51st A, 236th phom sib faib los ntawm 47th A, 83rd cov tub rog phom loj, 40 thiab 55th cov tub rog, 229th thiab 124th sib cais tank battalions. Lawv tau txais txoj haujlwm los kho txoj haujlwm ntawm lub hauv ntej thiab tsim kev tawm tsam, txiav tawm cov chav German uas tau tawg dhau mus rau qhov tob ntawm Kerch Peninsula. Cov tub rog 44th yuav tsum tuav rov qab kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg German nyob rau lub sijhawm no. Thawj hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tsis muaj leej twg xav txog kev thim rov qab rau kab tiv thaiv tom qab. Tsis muaj lus xaj rau lawv txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Tub Rog 72nd thiab 54th Cov Tsav Tsheb Riam Phom Loj, uas yog tus saib xyuas rau hauv ntej lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab nyob ntawm Turkish Phab Ntsa, tau xaj kom txav mus rau thaj tsam 44th A txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau nws kev tiv thaiv.
9 maj. Cov lus txib German tau coj 22nd Panzer Division mus rau qhov kev kov yeej, tab sis los nag uas pib ua rau qeeb qeeb nws ua ntej. Tsuas yog los ntawm Pawg Panzer 10th tau tuaj yeem hla mus rau qhov tob ntawm KF tiv thaiv thiab tig mus rau sab qaum teb, mus txog kev sib txuas lus ntawm 47th thiab 51st Soviet pab tub rog. Panzer Division tau ua raws 28th Jaeger Division thiab 132nd Infantry Division. Grodek cov tub rog phom loj tau raug pov rau hauv qhov kev kov yeej - nws tau mus txog ntawm phab ntsa Turkish thaum lub Tsib Hlis 10 thiab hla nws.
Tej zaum 10. Hmo ntuj ntawm Tsib Hlis 10, thaum sib tham ntawm tus thawj coj hauv ntej Kozlov thiab Stalin, nws tau txiav txim siab thim cov tub rog mus rau Turkey (hauv lwm qhov chaw Tatarsky) ncej thiab teeb tsa txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Tab sis pab tub rog 51st tsis tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv xaj no lawm. Raws li kev tawm tsam huab cua ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm, tus thawj coj Lvov raug tua thiab nws tus lwm thawj K. Baranov raug mob. Cov tub rog npau taws heev kom zam kev puas tsuaj. Ib feem ntawm 47th thiab 51st cov tub rog thaum lub Tsib Hlis 9 tau mus rau hauv kev npaj tawm tsam, muaj kev tawm tsam hnyav. Cov tub rog Soviet cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog sib cais ntawm lub tank, cov phom ntev tau tawm tsam tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm 22nd Panzer Division thiab 28th Jaeger Division. Kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj pov thawj los ntawm qhov tseeb tias yog thaum lub Tsib Hlis 9 muaj 46 lub tsheb loj hauv 55th Tank Brigade, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum lub Tsib Hlis 10 tsuas muaj ib qho nkaus xwb. Cov tub rog thauj tub rog Soviet tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm German lub zog.
Tej zaum 11-12. Thaum tav su ntawm lub Tsib Hlis 11, chav nyob ntawm 22nd Panzer Division tau mus txog Hiav Txwv Azov, txiav tawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 47th thiab 51st pab tub rog los ntawm txoj kev khiav mus rau phab ntsa Turkish. Ntau qhov kev sib cais hauv Soviet tau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm ntug hiav txwv nqaim. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm 11th, Soviet cov lus txib tseem vam tias yuav rov kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm ceg av qab teb los ntawm kev tsim txoj kab tiv thaiv ntawm tus ncej Turkish. Stalin thiab Vasilevsky tau xaj Budyonny tus kheej los npaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm pab tub rog ntawm KF, txhawm rau rov kho qhov kev txiav txim hauv Pawg Tub Rog ntawm lub hauv ntej thiab rau qhov no tawm mus rau Kerch. Kev sib faib ntawm sab laug ntawm 51st Soviet Army tau siv sijhawm ib hnub ntawm kev sim tsis ua tiav los tiv thaiv kev ncig ntawm lwm pab tub rog, poob sijhawm thiab poob kev sib tw mus rau kab tom ntej ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Cov neeg German tsis nkim sijhawm thiab ua txhua yam los tiv thaiv cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm kev thim rov qab mus rau txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Txog thaum kawg ntawm 10, chav nyob qib siab ntawm 30 AK tau mus txog Turkish ncej. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 12, Cov Neeg German tau tsaws cov tub rog nyob tom qab ntawm 44th Army. Qhov no tau tso cai rau lawv kom pib muaj kev tawm tsam kom muaj yeej rau phab ntsa Turkish ua ntej qhov tshwj tseg 156th Infantry Division tau mus txog ntawm tus ncej.
Tsib Hlis 13 thiab cov hnub tom ntej. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 13, Cov Neeg German tsoo dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Turkish Phab Ntsa. Hmo ntawm hnub tim 14, Lub Tuam Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Tshaj tau lees tias yeej ntawm Kerch Peninsula. Ntawm 3.40 Budyonny, nrog kev pom zoo los ntawm Lub Hauv Paus, hais kom pib tshem tawm ntawm KF cov tub rog mus rau Taman Peninsula. Vasilevsky xaj kom tso cov tub rog thib ob thiab thib 3 thiab cov tub rog nyob hauv qhov chaw pov tseg ntawm Budyonny. Thaj, nws yuav tsum npaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm txoj hauv kev mus rau Kerch thiab nres qhov kev tawm tsam German txhawm rau thim cov tub rog ntawm KF swb los ntawm kev tsaws. Ntxiv mus, lawv tsis tau muab Kerch - qhov no txhais tau tias yuav faus tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kerch -Feodosia tsaws haujlwm. Tej zaum 15 ntawm 1.10 AMVasilevsky xaj: "Tsis txhob tso Kerch, los npaj kev tiv thaiv zoo li Sevastopol."
Cov chav German qib siab, pom tau tias, nws yog Grodek cov neeg tsav tsheb loj, mus txog sab nrauv ntawm Kerch thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14. Lub nroog tau tiv thaiv los ntawm chav nyob ntawm 72nd pab tub rog. Lev Zakharovich Mekhlis, tus sawv cev ntawm Lub Hauv Paus ntawm Crimean Front, tshaj tawm qhov no ntawm 18.10: "Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Kerch, los ntawm sab qaum teb lub nroog tau hla dhau los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab … Peb tau ua rau lub tebchaws poob ntsej muag thiab yuav tsum raug txim. Peb yuav tawm tsam mus txog thaum kawg. Cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau txiav txim siab qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua."
Tab sis kev ntsuas kom tig Kerch mus rau hauv lub nroog muaj zog, kev tshem tawm ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov rog los ntawm ceg av qab teb tau lig. Ua ntej, Cov Neeg German txiav tawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm KF cov tub rog los ntawm kev xa 22nd Panzer Division's formations mus rau sab qaum teb. Muaj tseeb, lawv xav xa nws mus rau Kharkov thaum lub Tsib Hlis 15, tab sis kev tawv ncauj tsis kam ntawm Soviet pab tub rog nyob ntawm ceg av qab teb ncua nws xa. Ib feem ntawm 28th Jaeger thiab 132nd Infantry Division tau tig mus rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj tom qab tsoo dhau ntawm phab ntsa Turkish thiab tseem mus txog Hiav Txwv Azov. Yog li, ib qho teeb meem tau tsim rau cov tub rog Soviet uas tau thim rov qab los ntawm Turkish Phab Ntsa. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 16, 170th German Infantry Division, qhia rau hauv kev kov yeej, mus txog Kerch. Tab sis kev sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog txuas ntxiv mus txog lub Tsib Hlis 20. Cov tub rog Red Army tau tawm tsam thaj tsam Mount Mithridat, qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, cog npe tom qab I. Voikova. Tom qab cov neeg tiv thaiv tau siv tag nrho cov peev xwm rau kev tawm tsam hauv nroog, lawv thim rov qab mus rau Adzhimushkay chaw txua txiag zeb. Kwv yees li 13 txhiab tus tib neeg tau thim rov qab rau lawv - kev tsim ntawm 83rd Tub Rog Tub Rog, 95th Ciam Tus Cuam Tshuam, ntau pua tus tub rog ntawm Yaroslavl Aviation School, Voronezh Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Cov Kws Tshaj Lij Tshwj Xeeb thiab cov tub rog los ntawm lwm chav, cov neeg hauv nroog. Hauv nruab nrab cov chaw txua txiag zeb, tiv thaiv raug coj los ntawm Colonel P. M. N Karpekhin. Cov neeg German, los ntawm kev tawm tsam tsis tu ncua, tuaj yeem tsav cov tub rog Liab cov tub rog sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv qhov chaw txua txiag zeb. Tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem coj lawv, txhua qhov kev tawm tsam ua tsis tiav. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj dej txaus, zaub mov, tshuaj, mos txwv, riam phom, cov neeg tua rog tau tiv thaiv 170 hnub. Tsis muaj dej nyob hauv cov chaw txua txiag zeb. Nws yuav tsum tau khawb av sab nraum, raws li kev nco txog ntawm cov tub rog uas muaj txoj sia nyob, "ib lub thoob dej tau them nrog lub thoob ntawm cov ntshav." Cov neeg tiv thaiv zaum kawg ntawm "Kerch Brest", qaug zog tag, raug ntes thaum Lub Kaum Hli 30, 1942. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 48 tus neeg poob rau hauv German txhais tes. Tus so, kwv yees li 13 txhiab tus neeg, tuag.
Kev khiav tawm ntawm thaj av ntawd tau kav ntev li ntawm 15 txog 20 Lub Tsib Hlis. Los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Admiral Oktyabrsky, txhua lub nkoj thiab nkoj tau ua tau raug coj tuaj rau thaj av Kerch. Hauv tag nrho, txog 140 txhiab tus neeg tau raug tshem tawm. Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Lev Mehlis yog ib tus neeg zaum kawg uas tau khiav tawm, thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Tsib Hlis 19. Nyob rau hnub kawg ntawm kev puas tsuaj, raws li tus txiv neej ntawm kev ua siab loj rau tus kheej, nws maj nrawm mus rau pem hauv ntej, zoo li nws tab tom nrhiav kev tuag, sim npaj kev tiv thaiv, kom tsis txhob rov qab los. Hmo ntuj ntawm Tsib Hlis 20, kev tsim tawm zaum kawg, npog qhov kev tawm ntawm cov phooj ywg, plunged rau hauv cov nkoj hauv qab cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws.
Cov txiaj ntsig
- Los ntawm Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Lub Hauv Paus, Crimean Front thiab North Caucasian cov lus qhia raug tshem tawm. Cov seem ntawm KF cov tub rog tau raug xa mus tsim lub North Caucasian Front tshiab. Marshal Budyonny tau tsa nws tus thawj coj.
- Lub hauv ntej tau poob ntau dua 160 txhiab tus neeg. Feem ntau ntawm lub dav hlau, tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, phom, tsheb, tsheb laij teb thiab lwm yam cuab yeej siv tub rog tau ploj mus. Cov tub rog Soviet raug kev txom nyem hnyav, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua yav dhau los hauv qhov kev taw qhia no tau ploj mus. Qhov xwm txheej nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Soviet-German pem hauv ntej dhau los ua qhov nyuaj. Cov neeg German muaj peev xwm hem mus rau sab qaum teb Caucasus hla Kerch Strait thiab Taman Peninsula. Txoj haujlwm ntawm Soviet pab tub rog hauv Sevastopol hnyav zuj zus, German cov lus txib muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau ntau lub zog tiv thaiv lub nroog muaj zog.
- Lub Rau Hli 4, 1942, Lub Hauv Paus tau tshaj tawm txoj cai No. 155452 "Vim li cas thiaj swb Crimean Pem Hauv Ntej hauv kev ua haujlwm Kerch."Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb raug hu ua qhov tsis raug ntawm KF cov lus txib. Tus thawj coj hauv ntej Lieutenant General DT Kozlov tau raug txo qis rau qhov dav dav thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ua tus thawj coj ua ntej. Tus thawj coj ntawm 44th Army, Lieutenant General SI Chernyak, tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog, txo qis rau tus thawj coj thiab xa mus rau pab tub rog txhawm rau "txheeb xyuas lwm yam, tsis ua haujlwm nyuaj dua." Tus thawj coj ntawm 47th Army, Major General KS Kolganov, tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog thiab ua rau tus thawj tub rog. Mekhlis raug tshem tawm los ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Saib Xyuas Tib Neeg Tus Kws Tiv Thaiv thiab Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab, nws tau raug tshem tawm ob kauj ruam - mus rau pawg tub ceev xwm. Ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Kws Tub Rog ntawm KF tus faib haujlwm F. A Shamanin tau raug txo qis rau qib ntawm pawg tub ceev xwm. Tus thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm KF, Major General P. P. Tus thawj coj ntawm KF Air Force, Major General EM Nikolaenko, tau raug tshem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm thiab ua rau tus thawj tub rog.
- Kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm Crimean Pem Hauv Ntej yog qhov piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tswv yim, txawm tias nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej me me, yooj yim dua rau kev tiv thaiv (Cov neeg German tsis tuaj yeem nqa tawm kev tawm dag zog dav dav) ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab tsawg dua lub peev xwm, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Cov lus hais hauv German pom qhov chaw tsis muaj zog thiab tau qhib kev tiv thaiv Soviet, muaj lub xov tooj ntawm tes, poob siab tsim (22 Panzer Division thiab Grodek lub tsheb loj), txiav kev sib txuas lus. Huab cua zoo dua tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov lus txib ntawm KF tsis tau tswj hwm los npaj cov tub rog ua ntej los ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua qub (tsis muaj kev ncaj ncees rau qhov nyiam ntawm sab xis), los tsim cov pab pawg txawb uas ua rau tsis tuaj yeem nres German kev ua phem thiab txawm tias ua rau cov dej hauv lawv nyiam los ntawm kev tawm tsam. flanks ntawm pab pawg German uas tau tawg dhau. Nws tsis tuaj yeem npaj ua ntej txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv, kom hloov lub zog thiab txhais tau rau nws. Cov tub ceev xwm German thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog no tseem tab tom tawm tsam Soviet cov thawj coj.
Adzhimushkay_stones - nkag mus rau lub tsev cia puav pheej.
