Thiab ntxiv, ob lub npe yog phooj ywg, Thiab hu ob Maxims.
Tus tua phom yog lub hom phiaj dua, Tawm nrog lub zog siab tshaj plaws.
"Zoo, zoo, zoo!" - hais tias lub tshuab rab phom, "Zoo, zoo, zoo!" - hais tias rab phom tshuab!
Suab paj nruag: Sigismund Katz. Cov lus: V. Dykhovichny. 1941g wb.
Twb yog thawj qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv phom tshuab hauv Africa tau qhia tias riam phom muaj zog nws yog dab tsi. Lawm, txawm tias tom qab ntawd, uas yog qhov kawg ntawm 19th thiab pib ntawm xyoo pua 20th, European pacifists pib hais tawm nrog kev thov kom txwv tsis pub siv phom tshuab ua riam phom tsis tsim txiaj. Qhov laj thawj, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj ntau nyob hauv lawv txoj kev thaj yeeb tiag, tab sis qhov tseeb tias Tebchaws Askiv tau dhau los ua thawj lub tebchaws muaj hwj chim los nthuav qhia qhov zoo ntawm hom riam phom no, tau pib siv nws hauv kev tawm tsam nrog cov pab pawg tsis zoo hauv zej zog, thiab … vim li ntawd, nws thaj chaw, thiab ua ntej nws tsis me me, nws tau pib loj hlob los ntawm kev dhia thiab ciam teb.
Cov tub rog Askiv nrog rab phom tshuab hauv Boer War.
Kev sib tsoo ua raws ib qho tom qab ib qho, uas lub tshuab rab phom tau ua pov thawj nws qhov ua tau zoo. Yog li, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2, 1898, thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Omdurman, Anglo-Egyptian pab tub rog ntawm 10 txhiab tus neeg tau ntsib nrog 100-txhiab tus muaj zog Mahdi pab tub rog, uas suav nrog cov tub rog Sudanese tsis xwm yeem. Nws yog los ntawm rab phom tshuab rab phom loj uas txhua qhov kev tawm tsam tau rov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, thaum cov tub rog Askiv tau raug kev txom nyem tsis tseem ceeb.
Cecile Rhodes thiab nws "laib" tua "niggas".
Tsov rog Russo-Nyij Pooj yog thawj qhov kev ua tsov rog uas rab phom tshuab tau siv los ntawm ob tus neeg sib cav. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Turenchen thiab Mukden, Lavxias pab tub rog tau ua rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj poob ntau nrog hluav taws ntawm lawv lub tshuab phom, thiab rab phom tshuab kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv Port Arthur. Kev poob hauv rab phom tshuab tau zoo heev, tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv siv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas tam sim no lawv tau pib yuav ntau pua, txawm tias tus nqi ntau dua 3,000 rubles rau rab phom tshuab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tsheb loj log tau raug tshem tawm, thiab rab phom tshuab lawv tus kheej tau muab tso rau ntawm lub tshuab yooj yim dua thiab txawb.
Lavxias tshuab rab phom nyob saum toj ntawm Manchuria.
Kev paub ntawm kev ua tsov rog tau qhia tias yuav tsum tau nce qhov kev sib tua, uas tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev saws me nyuam hauv 1908 ntawm peb kab kab phom phom nrog ib rab phom tshiab. Ntawm txhua lub tshuab rab phom rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm tshiab, lub tsev yuav tsum tau rov kho dua, txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tes tsho lub qhov ncauj tau nce, thiab pom qhov tshiab tau teeb tsa. Lub tshuab rab phom nws tus kheej kuj tau txiav txim siab kom sib zog thiab tsim rau nws ib lub tshuab dav dav rau ob leeg tub rog thiab tub rog.
Cov lus dab neeg sib ntaus sib tua ze Tyurenchen. Txhuv. artist Samokish.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1908 H. Maxim tau xa mus rau Russia rab phom tshuab tshiab, uas ua rau hnyav hnyav txog li 18, 48 kg. Tom qab ntawd, thaum Lub Xya Hli 1909, tus qauv hnyav 11.36 kg los ntawm Vickers ruaj khov. Nws cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem hloov pauv txhua qhov uas ua los ntawm tooj dag thiab cam khwb cia hlau nrog cov hlau, ua kom yooj yim kaw thiab hloov nws cov qauv, uas txo qis qhov hnyav thiab hnyav ntawm lub tshuab phom lub thawv, ua lub qhov ncauj tshiab rau nws thiab ntxiv tus lej ntawm lwm yam kev txhim kho. Tus tshiab Vickers rab phom tshuab muaj lub tshuab siv lub tshuab thiab, ua ke nrog lub thawv ntawv, tuaj yeem nqa tau yooj yim los ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm peb tus tub rog.
Tshuab rab phom thiab tshuab rab phom ntawm Tsov Rog-Nyij Pooj.
Qhov hnyav "Vickers" tau nyiam los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, tab sis nws qhov kev sim siab thaum ib nrab xyoo 1910 ntawm qhov chaw qhia hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Cov Phooj Ywg Ruaj Ntseg tau ua tsis tiav. Lub tuam txhab tau sim txhim kho kev tsim qauv, tab sis txawm li cas los xij GAU nyiam "phom" tshuab rab phom ntawm Tula cog ntau dua, txawm hais tias nws hnyav dua li cov qauv lus Askiv.
Thiab cov no yog peb rab phom tshuab, tab sis cov khoom plig Nyij Pooj!
Tom qab kuaj Tula tshuab rab phom tshiab, nws tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Lavxias pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub npe "Maxim easel tshuab rab phom tuaj txog. 1910 " nrog lub log tsheb tshuab tsim los ntawm Colonel A. A. Sokolov. Nws yog qhov tseeb tiag txhim kho hauv kev sib piv nrog nws cov qauv, feem ntau yog hais txog thev naus laus zis, yog li cov lus hais tias "Cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias tau tsim, qhov tseeb, rab phom tshuab tshiab" tsis yog qhov tseeb. Tsis yog tshiab, tau kawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib raug zoo nrog nyiaj txiag nrog Vickers, Sons & Maxim tau ua tib zoo txiav txim siab los ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm qhov txo qis hauv kev them nyiaj. Tam sim no txoj haujlwm ntawm Pawg Thawj Saib Xyuas Tub Rog ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 4, 1910 tau ua raws li: "Raws li daim ntawv cog lus xaus rau lub Peb Hlis 9, 1904 los ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Loj Artillery nrog Vickers, Tub thiab Maxim zej zog, kom them txij lub Ib Hlis 1, 1910 txog rau thaum kawg ntawm daim ntawv cog lus, Lub Ob Hlis 23, 1915 los ntawm 60 lb. Kos duab. xa 80p. Kos duab. rau txhua rab phom tshuab npaj. " Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tshuab tshiab rau sau tshuab-rab phom siv nrog cov cartridges tau tsim thiab saws.
Cov lus Askiv nto moo "Vickers" nrog lub thawv txo thiab hnyav heev. York Castle Tsev khaws puav pheej.
Tab sis lub tshuab rab phom yeej yog qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab thiab qhov qub, tsis tsim nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Nws txoj kev txhim kho pib tam sim tom qab Tsov Rog-Japanese Tsov Rog thiab tso siab rau nws qhov kev paub dhau los. Ntau tus tub ceev xwm uas ua haujlwm nrog rab phom tshuab tau muab lawv tus kheej cov ntawv, ntawm uas yog Captain Sokolov lub tshuab, tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1907. Nws tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe "tshuab mod. 1908 ", tab sis feem ntau nws raug xa mus rau hauv cov ntawv sau ua" Sokolov lub tshuab. " Zoo, qhov ntau lawm ntawm tus qauv Maxim tshiab thiab lub tshuab tshiab tau pib xyoo 1911. Lub caij no, Sokolov kuj tau tsim lub tshuab rab phom, uas yog qhov tsim nyog kiag li rau kev thauj cov phom tshuab mus rau pem hauv ntej.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom tshuab ntawm lub tshuab log loj ntawm tus qauv qub tseem nyob hauv tsev kawm tub rog raws li kev qhia thiab piv txwv li, tau siv los ntawm cov tub rog thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv Moscow, uas tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Kaum Hli - Kaum Ib Hlis 1917.
Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, Vickers kuj tau tsoo lub dav hlau. Rab phom tshuab thib ob (nws yog saum lub tis) feem ntau dhau los ua Lewis yam tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam thiab tshem tawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, txij li thaum lub dav hlau lub thoob tau txias zoo los ntawm cov cua nkag los.
Nws tau npaj tseg tias thaum tag nrho txoj haujlwm rau kev tsim khoom "hnyav" tshuab rab phom mod. Xyoo 1910 yuav ua kom tiav, txhawm rau hloov kho qhov qub "hnyav" tshuab rab phom ntawm Maxim (qauv 1905 thiab Askiv), uas yog nyob hauv pab tub rog ntawm 2790, tab sis lawv tau pib ua lag luam no tsuas yog xyoo 1914. txhua yam, yog li thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1914 los ntawm Tula lawv txuas ntxiv thov "cov phom sij hnyav … rau 100 rab phom tshuab hnyav." Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tsov rog tau qhia tias qib kev tsim ntawm 1000 lub tshuab phom hauv ib xyoos ua tiav hauv lub tebchaws tsis txaus, txawm hais tias cov tub rog Lavxias pom qhov kawg. Cov phom tshuab yuav tsum tau xaj los ntawm Askiv thiab Asmeskas, txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom xa khoom no tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias!
Modernized "maxim". Lub caj dab dav dav nto npe nrov, uas tso cai ntim lub raj nrog ob lub daus thiab dej khov, thiab nchuav dej rau hauv nws ncaj qha los ntawm lub thoob. Kuv xav paub vim li cas Maxim nws tus kheej tsis xav txog qhov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim tshaj plaws no? Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Penza State University.
Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 thiab tom qab ntawd thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, "Maxim" tau nthuav dav heev, feem ntau vim yog qhov tsim nws tau ua tib zoo ua haujlwm. Dab tsi tsis tuaj yeem hais, piv txwv li, txog lub tshuab rab phom Soviet tshiab DS-39. Lawv tau sim nce lub zog tua hluav taws ntawm "qhov siab tshaj plaws" nrog kev pab ua khub, thiab tom qab ntawd sib npaug plaub zaug, siv rau ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, nkoj thiab txawm tias nyob saum ru tsev. Ntawm lub dav hlau ya ntawm qhov siab txog li 1500 m thiab ntawm kev nrawm mus txog 500 km / h, plaub rab phom tshuab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab hluav taws kub heev. Tib qho kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau tau siv ntau zaus los txhawb nqa cov tub rog ncaj qha.
Lub thawv tau pom dav dua li lub thawv Vickers.
Xijpeem nws yog, tab sis thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1930, "Maxim" tshuab rab phom twb dhau lawm. Nrog qhov hnyav txog li 65 kg yam tsis muaj cov mos txwv, nws nyuaj heev thauj nws hla kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, muaj teeb meem hauv kev muab dej rau nws. Cov ntaub kab xev tsis yooj yim rau nruab, nws hnav sai sai, feem ntau ntuag thiab nqus dej noo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tib rab phom Wehrmacht MG-34 muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 10, 5 kg yam tsis muaj daim cartridges, nws siv daim kab xev hlau thiab tsis xav tau dej. Ib lub rhaub dej kub tuaj yeem hloov tau rau nws. Nws tuaj yeem tua los ntawm MG-34 yam tsis muaj lub tshuab siv tshuab, uas ua kom muaj kev zais cia ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm nws lub tshuab-phom neeg coob. MG-42 tseem zoo dua, muab 1200 ncig ib feeb.
Lub tshuab rab phom tau txuas rau lub tshuab ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus thiab yog li ntawd yog nruj heev.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, "Maxim" kuj muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li, vim qhov tseeb tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub tshuab tsis muaj zog, nws ruaj khov thaum tua, thiab muaj qhov raug zoo dua li cov qauv tom qab. Ib qho ntxiv, nws yooj yim heev rau nws ua haujlwm. Yog tias rab phom tshuab tau txais kev pabcuam kom raug, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ob zaug qhov xav tau, uas twb tau ntau dua li ntawm txhua lub tshuab rab phom tshiab.
Qhov pom tau yog khib-mountable.
Nws yog qhov tseeb vim tias muaj teeb meem nrog kev ntseeg tau thiab tsis yooj yim ntawm kev tsim khoom thaum pib ua tsov rog uas tsim cov DS-39 thiab Tokarev tus kheej nqa phom yuav tsum tau tso tseg. Qhov yooj yim thiab pov thawj "peb kab" thiab qhov sib npaug "coj mus rau siab" "qhov siab tshaj plaws" tau dhau los ua riam phom nrov dua nyob rau lub sijhawm nyuaj no.
Tsuas yog xyoo 1943, rab phom SG-43 nrog lub tshuab cua txias rau lub thoob tsim los ntawm Peter Goryunov, uas dhau qhov "siab tshaj plaws" hauv ntau qhov, nkag mus rau kev pabcuam. Txawm li cas los xij, "qhov siab tshaj plaws" tau tsim kom txog rau thaum xaus kev ua tsov rog ob qho tib si ntawm Tula thiab Izhevsk cov chaw tsim khoom siv riam phom, thiab nws tau nyob hauv qib kom txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Nws tau paub tias qhov xwm txheej kawg thaum Soviet pab tub rog siv "qhov siab tshaj plaws" hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim xyoo 1969 thaum muaj xwm txheej ciam teb ntawm Damansky Island.
Cov phom phom "Maxim" hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Ua Tub Rog Tub Rog Keeb Kwm hauv Padikovo.
Lawm, zoo li ntev, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom Maxim hauv pab tub rog Lavxias tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias nws tau dhau los ua tus phab ej ntawm ob qho tib si zoo kawg li ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab tsis muaj tsawg zaj duab xis. Ib qho piv txwv qub yog zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Chapaev", uas yog thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws Vasily Ivanovich Petka sau los ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom los ntawm "maxim" ntawm cov neeg Czechs dawb. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, tsis muaj leej twg raug txwv. Ntawm no tsuas yog ib qho "tab sis". Cov tsheb thauj khoom qub tau raug tshem tawm ntawm cov dej ntws tawm, thiab "qhov siab tshaj" ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Zej Zog hnyav ntau dua plaub phaus. Yog li thaum tua los ntawm lub tsheb tom qab, nws tau pib tshee pom, vim nws xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntau dua li nws lub rooj.
Kev tshaj tawm daim ntawv loj loj rau zaj duab xis "Chapaev".
Thiab, yog - hauv Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, rab phom tshuab tau thauj ntawm lub laub, qhov no yog qhov tseeb, tab sis, raws li cov lus qhia tau siv tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau muab tso rau hauv av kom tua hluav taws. Tsuas yog tom qab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, thiaj li hais lus, ntawm nws qhov kev paub dhau los hauv Red Army, tachanka tau tshwm sim nrog kev raug tshem tawm nruj, tsis yog li ntawd. Ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, cov tsheb no saib zoo heev, tab sis hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Great Patriotic War, lawv tau siv tsis tau. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm "qhov siab tshaj plaws" nws xav tau tus lej thib ob ntawm cov neeg siv tshuab rab phom, uas xav tias yuav tsum coj cov kab xev ntawm txoj cai kaum rau tus txais. Yog tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm tus lej thib ob no, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub tshuab rab phom tuaj yeem tso tseg thaum twg los tau vim yog lub ntsaws ntawm daim cartridge.
Yog li lawv, Anka, belyakov, yog li! Tab sis tsis muaj tus lej thib ob, daim kab xev tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm tsis zoo tshaj plaws.
Thiab qhov twg tus lej thib ob no tuaj yeem haum rau ntawm lub laub? Txawm li cas los xij, piv txwv tsis zoo yog kis tau zoo ib yam, thiab tom qab ntawd Petka pom ntau tus neeg ua piv txwv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm peb cov yeeb yaj kiab, uas tau dhia los ntawm lub laub nrawm nrawm nrog Maxim qhov hluav taws kub ob txhais taw thiab ntawm nees!
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Maxim yog nws qhov tsis yooj yim … Lub qhov taub yooj yim tso nws tawm ntawm qhov ua vim poob dej!
