Muaj cov lus hais tias: "Tus Tswv ua rau tib neeg txawv, thiab Colonel Colt ua rau lawv sib npaug." Raws li cov lus dab neeg, kab lus no tau muab sau rau ntawm nws lub qhov ntxa. Tab sis qhov tseeb, kab lus no tsis nyob ntawm nws lub qhov ntxa, tsis muaj dab tsi tsuas yog lub npe thiab hnub tim ntawm nws lub neej, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem yog, txij li lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tau txais. Tab sis yog tias peb sim ua txuas ntxiv mus, tom qab ntawd tsis muaj dab tsi zoo dua li qhov kawg tuaj yeem tsim tau: "… Mauser cov kwv tij ua rau kuv zoo siab nrog rab phom zoo tshaj plaws, thiab Lavxias Kalashnikov tau muab rab phom tshuab zoo tshaj plaws rau kuv!" Yog tias xav tau, txhua tus tuaj yeem hloov qee yam hauv qhov kev xaus no - qhov no yog leej twg koj nyiam, tab sis nws pom tseeb tias Mauser Gewehr 98 phom loj, ntxiv rau peb cov Lavxias Kalashnikovs, yog cov phom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab qhov phem nyob ib puag ncig lub ntiaj teb yog tsis faib los ntawm.
Txhua qhov piv txwv, uas yuav tham txog, thiab qhov uas kuv tau tswj hwm "tuav" rau lawv ua tsaug ntau tshaj plaws rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kuv tus phooj ywg qub N, tau nthuav tawm ntawm no hauv daim duab.
Saib los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab laug: Gewehr 88 - qhov txaus nyiam heev German "phom ntev", tsim los ntawm txoj cai "hodgepodge ntawm nqaij -ua ke", carbine ntawm Swedish lub tuam txhab "Carl Gustav" M1914, Spanish carbine qauv 1916, hom 1 (tsim tawm xyoo 1920), Spanish carbine 1916, hom 2, thiab German Gewehr 1937.
Tau kawg, qhov no tsuas yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov Mausers uas tau tsim tawm ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab hauv lwm lub tebchaws, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, cov qauv no txaus txaus kom tau txais daim duab tiav ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb no ntawm caj npab me.
Zoo, thiab pib keeb kwm ntawm txhua "Mauser" feem ntau, lossis zoo dua hais, ntau Mauser phom, koj yuav tsum tau hais tias xyoo 1811 hauv Oberndorf ntawm Neckar, los ntawm King Frederick I ntawm Württemberg, lub chaw tsim khoom siv riam phom. tau tsim thiab yog qhov uas feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej thiab ua haujlwm Franz Andreas Mauser - leej txiv ntawm Peter Paul thiab Wilhelm Mauser. Nws ua haujlwm ua tus kws hlau - ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv kev lag luam caj npab. Ntxiv mus, Peter Paul Mauser pib ua haujlwm ntawm tsob ntoo no thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos thiab ua haujlwm txog thaum nws muaj hnub nyoog 19 xyoos nws tau raug xaiv los ua tub rog. Nyob ntawd nws muaj hmoo tau nkag mus rau hauv Ludwigsburg Arsenal, qhov uas nws tau ua tus kws kho tshuab rab phom loj thiab tsim qauv … thaj av rab phom ntsaws ntsaws, ua raws li nws cov duab. Ntxiv mus, nws tau muaj txoj sia nyob rau peb lub sijhawm thiab tam sim no tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev khaws khoom riam phom hauv Stuttgart.
Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm nws tus tij laug Wilhelm thiab ua tsaug rau kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag ntawm S. Norris, tus sawv cev ntawm lub tuam txhab "Remington" hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Paul Mauser tuaj yeem mus xyaum ua haujlwm rau Belgium, mus rau lub chaw tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe hauv Liege. Nyob ntawd nws tau txais ntau daim ntawv pov thawj rau nws thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem, raws li qhov ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1867 txog 1869, tau cog lus tias yuav siv rab phom loj ntawm 11-mm caliber, uas tau paub tias yog Mauser-Norris M67 / 69. phom ntev.
Nws yog nws leej twg, nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho, tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tw phom ntev tshaj tawm los ntawm pab tub rog Prussian, thiab dhau los ua tus yeej! Cov phom tau txais yuav nyob rau xyoo 1871 raws li lub npe Gewehr 1871. Cov phom loj tau dhau los ua Paul thiab Wilhelm "lub sijhawm zoo tshaj" thiab muab nyiaj rau lawv rau kev tsim cov phom ntev ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv phom loj hauv Spandau, qhov uas lawv tau tsim lawv tus kheej lub Hoobkas rau kev tsim khoom.. Nws tau qhib rau xyoo 1873, tab sis tsuas yog ob peb lub lis piam tom qab nws coj nws, thiab nws tau hlawv! Tab sis tom qab ntawv xaj xaj 100,000 phom los ntawm Württemberg ua raws, uas tau muab nyiaj rau cov kwv tij thiab tso cai rau lawv npog tag nrho qhov kev poob.
Mauser M1871. Caliber 10.95 hli. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Swedish Army. Stockholm.
Thiab nws yog nrog lawv tias Mauser cov kwv tij tau yuav Royal Arms Factory hauv Oberndorf an der Neckar los ntawm tsoomfwv Württemberg rau 200,000 tus neeg German sab qab teb guilders thiab tau tsim lawv tus kheej lub tuam txhab - Gebrüder Wilhelm und Paul Mauser. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab kev hloov pauv hauv xyoo 1874, nws tau los ua lub npe hu ua Gebrüder Mauser und Cie (Mauser Cov Kwv Tij thiab Tuam Txhab).
Paul Mauser (1838 - 1914)
Wilhelm Mauser (1834 - 1882).
Lub tsev tsim ntawm Mauser cov kwv tij hauv Oberndorf am Neckar xyoo 1910.
Zoo, thiab nws tau dhau los ua "lub sijhawm zoo tshaj", ua ntej tshaj plaws, vim tias cov kwv tij tsis yog tsuas yog cov kws tsim txuj ci zoo uas pib nkag siab txoj haujlwm no txij thaum pib, tab sis kuj yog cov neeg uas "xav txog lub sijhawm." Ntawd yog, txawj yoog raws nws. Lub ntsiab lus yog rab phom, thawj chav kawm rau lub sijhawm nug, los ntawm lub sijhawm no yog "ntawm nws txoj kev." Tib Fab Kis muaj rab phom Chasspo ntau dua, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws tau pom tseeb tias lub sijhawm rab phom tau dhau mus lawm. Tam sim no lawv xav tau rab phom rau sib sau ua ke, thiab cov kwv tij tau ua li ntawd. Ntxiv mus, lawv coj txhua qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm rab phom Draize - thiab nws yog lub tog raj kheej zawv zawg ntsia liaj qhov rooj, thiab ua ke nws nrog daim cartridge tshiab!
Daim duab ntawm rab phom Shasspo.
Los ntawm txoj kev, raug ntes - uas yog, ntes thaum lub sijhawm Franco -Prussian tsov rog xyoo 1870 - 1871. Chasspo phom ntev (thiab Prussians tau ntes txog 150 txhiab ntawm cov phom no), lawv hloov pauv lawv raws li lawv cov 11-mm hlau cartridge thiab, tau luv nws, siv nws ua cavalry carbine kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1880s.
Ib daim ntawv ntim rau rab phom Draize (sab laug), daim ntawv ntim rau rab phom Chasspo, thiab rab phom hlau 56-50 R rau rab phom Spencer.
Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no hauv qhov kev hloov pauv no tsis muaj qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb, vim tias lawv muaj Mauser mod. 1871 xyoo. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm pab tub rog los txais yuav nws yog ua ntej xyoo kev sim ntawm cov qauv no thiab rab phom ntawm ntau lub tshuab, thiab cov neeg sib tw tseem ceeb ntawm Mauser cov kwvtij yog rab phom ntawm Bavarian cov phom loj Werder M1869.
Phom Loj Werder M1869.
Nws muaj qhov ua haujlwm qub, zoo ib yam li rab phom ntawm rab phom Askiv Martini-Henry. Tab sis tsuas yog pab tub rog ntawm Bavaria tau txais nws li "nws tus kheej". Hauv Prussia, Mauser cov kwv tij rab phom tau xaiv zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Werder Bremen qhov kaw yog tias txhawm rau qhib nws, nws yuav tsum tau nias lub qhov rooj kaw nyob hauv sab hauv tus tiv thaiv; tom qab ntawd, thaum lub ntsuas raug rub rov qab, thiab nws nyob sab xis ntawm tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj, nws kaw, uas yog, nws sawv. Tab sis nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum xa daim cartridge mus rau hauv lub thoob los ntawm txhais tes. Qhov twg hauv Mauser, nws tau xa mus rau lub thoob nrog lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj!
Werder shutter device. Nws qhov nyuaj yog qhov tawm, tsis yog nws? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piv rau cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm M1871 Mauser.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev nqis tes ua ntawm rab phom Werder. Hauv daim duab, lub qhov rooj kaw thiab npaj rau kev nqis tes ua.
Qhov no yog li cas thawj Mauser tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees (tshwj tsis yog Bavaria), thiab twb tau nyob hauv nws peb tuaj yeem pom tus lej ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb heev uas tom qab tau txais feem ntau lees txais. Piv txwv li, tus chij zoo li tus qauv qib kev nyab xeeb, paub zoo hnub no, tau siv thawj zaug ntawm Gewehr 71. Ntxiv mus, peb nco ntsoov tias rab phom tau txhim kho tas li. Yog li, xyoo 1884, nws tau nruab nrog lub tubular hauv qab cov ntawv xov xwm rau yim daim cartridges tsim los ntawm Alfred von Kropachek, thiab yog li nws yog rab phom no uas dhau los ua thawj phom German phau ntawv xov xwm, xaiv Gewehr 71/84. Cov phom tau nyiam Turkey, qhov uas nws tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li M1887 nrog lub thoob chambered rau 9.5 × 60R. Ntxiv mus, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, hauv cov khoom siv hauv Ankara, qee cov phom no tau rov ua dua tshiab rau cov mos txwv 7, 65 × 53. Qhov nrov ntawm rab phom yog qhov nws tau tsim rau hauv daim cartridges 11 × 60 mm R (nrog lub qhov txhab, uas yog, nrog ntug), 11, 15 × 37, 5 mm R, 10, 15 × 63 mm R, 9, 5 × 60 mm R, 7 × 57 mm, 7, 65 × 53 mm Argentine, thiab txawm tias 6, 5 × 53, 5 mm R, uas yog, nws twb tau me me-caliber!
Argentine cartridges 7, 65 × 53 mm thiab clip rau lawv.
Xyoo 1880, tau npaj ib daim ntawv rau tus tiv thaiv ciam teb, M1879 Grenzaufsehergewehr chambered rau 11, 15 × 37, 5R - me ntsis luv dua ntawm cov tub rog daim cartridge, txawm hais tias yog vim li cas qhov no tau ua tiav tsis meej.
Xyoo 1881, Serbia tau saws ib rab phom M1878 / 80 nrog rab phom zoo ib yam los ntawm rab phom Italian Vetterli M1870, thiab nrog rab phom loj zuj zus, uas tau tsim los ntawm Serbian Major Kosta Milovanovic. Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kev phom sij phom sij no yog txhawm rau txo qhov dav ntawm rab phom ntev hauv qhov kev taw qhia los ntawm lub breech mus rau lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub thoob. Xyoo 1907, qee cov phom no tseem tau hloov mus rau 7 × 57 mm daim cartridges thiab nruab nrog tsib phau ntawv xov xwm. Cov phom uas tau hloov pauv tau muab lub npe M80 / 07, tab sis lawv feem ntau hu ua "Dzhurich Mauser".
M1871 Mauser tau siv los ntawm pab tub rog Kauslim (feem ntau hauv cov tub rog tiv thaiv, qhov uas lawv hloov pauv lawv cov phom Berdan qub Russia), txawm hais tias pes tsawg ntawm lawv tau xa mus rau lub tebchaws no tsis paub. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1894 hauv Uruguay, Fab Kis lub tuam txhab Societe Française d'Armes Portatives Saint Denis hloov pauv rab phom no mus rau qhov siab 6, 5 × 53 hli R. thiab ramrod tau muab tso vim li cas qee yam los ntawm sab.
Mauser 1871 - cavalry carbine. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Swedish Army. Stockholm.
Ib qho ntxiv, kwv yees li 900 txhaj tshuaj Mauser tau xa mus rau cov koom haum Irish pab dawb hauv xyoo 1914. Thiab qhov ntawd ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo. Cov phom ntev, tsis yog tshiab, thiab Irish cov neeg tua rog tuaj yeem tau txais lawv los ntawm leej twg. Thiab seb nws puas yog hom tshiab German "Hevers"? Tom qab ntawd nws yuav yog cov kauj ruam tsis zoo heev los ntawm ib lub tebchaws mus rau lwm lub tebchaws. Lawv tau siv los ntawm Irish thaum lub sij hawm Easter Rising tiv thaiv Askiv txoj cai hauv tebchaws Ireland thiab tua ntau tus tub rog Askiv tawm ntawm lawv!
Tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm rab phom Mauser qauv 1871.
Yog li rab phom no, ib yam nkaus, yog lub hom phiaj rau lub neej ntev heev thiab nplua nuj rau riam phom, txawm hais tias, tau kawg, tsis zoo li rab phom - nws cov qub txeeg qub teg, tab sis lawv yuav piav qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no …
