Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam

Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam
Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam

Video: Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam

Video: Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam
Video: EOKA Cut-Down Beretta 38 SMG 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Thawj xyoo caum ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI tshiab tuaj yeem raug hu ua lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua nom ua tswv tsis ncaj ncees. "Kev hloov pauv xim", ib qho txawv dua li lwm qhov, tshwm sim thoob plaws ntiaj teb: "sawv kev tawm tsam" hauv Georgia (2003), "kev hloov pauv txiv kab ntxwv" hauv Ukraine (2004), "tulip kiv puag ncig" hauv Kyrgyzstan, "Cedar Revolution" hauv Lebanon (2005), thiab tam sim no tseem "xwm txheej" hauv Syria thiab Yemen. Muaj txawm tias "Thib Ob Melon Revolution" hauv tib Kyrgyzstan (2010), tab sis txhua tus neeg tej zaum paub txog niaj hnub no Ukrainian Maidan. Thiab cov no tsuas yog cov kev tawm tsam uas tau tshwm sim, thiab tom qab tag nrho, qee qhov "kev tawm tsam xim" tsuas yog tsis ua tiav, txawm hais tias kev sim npaj lawv tau ua. Qee tus tau pom qhov kev tawm tsam ncaj ncees, tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nws tsis yog qhov xav tias lub hom phiaj ntawm txhua qhov kev ua no tsuas yog lub zog! Feem ntau cov neeg ntxeev siab kuj tseem ua tau nyiaj zoo ntawm qhov no. Yog li kev ntxeev siab rau ib tus neeg kuj yog kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Thiab tam sim no peb yuav qhia koj txog ib qho kev ntxeev siab uas tau tshwm sim ntawm peb cov av Lavxias thaum xyoo 1918.

Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam !!!
Mutiny? Tsis yog! Tsuas yog lag luam !!!

Armored tsheb ntawm Czech corps.

Thiab nws tau tshwm sim tias thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, ntau tus Czechs thiab Slovaks, tau npaj rau hauv pab tub rog ntawm Austria-Hungary, tsis xav tawm tsam Lavxias "cov kwv tij" thiab tso siab plhuav rau lawv. Tom qab yeej, lawv tau cog lus tias yuav tsim kev ywj pheej Czechoslovakia, thiab txhawm rau coj hnub zoo siab no los ze zog - los tawm tsam raws li ib feem ntawm Czechoslovak Volunteer Corps. Cov tub rog tau tsim thiab txawm tias koom nrog kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov neeg German. Tab sis tom qab ntawd Lub Kaum Hli Bolshevik kev tawm tsam tau tshwm sim, Bolsheviks xaus Brest-Litovsk Kev Thaj Yeeb nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tau pom nws tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej nyuaj heev. Thaum xub thawj Pravda tau sau ntawv zoo siab: "50 txhiab Czecho-Slovaks tau hla mus rau ib sab ntawm lub zog Soviet!" Thiab lawv yeej hla dhau lawm. Tab sis … raug cai ua ib feem ntawm Entente rog, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tshem riam phom lossis tawm hauv tebchaws Russia. Txawm li cas los xij, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm German tsis xav tau qhov pom ntawm 40,000 tus neeg muaj zog nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob thiab xav kom tsoomfwv Soviet xyaum ua haujlwm thiab tshem riam phom. Ntshai tias Bolsheviks yuav yooj yim "muag" lawv rau cov neeg German, cov neeg Czech tsis kam tso lawv caj npab; thaum lub Tsib Hlis 25, 1918, lawv tau tsa kev tawm tsam thiab txiav txim siab tawm tsam lawv txoj kev hauv tsev, vam khom siv riam phom: uas yog, rau mus los ntawm Penza mus rau Vladivostok txhawm rau khiav tawm ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau Fabkis los ntawm Nkoj Nkoj Nkoj. Nyob rau lub sijhawm luv, Czechs tau rhuav tshem Soviet lub zog raws tag nrho Trans -Siberian Railway thiab ntau ntxiv: nws yog nrog lawv kev pab uas thawj qhov kev tawm tsam Bolshevik tsoomfwv tau tsim hauv Russia - KOMUCH - Pawg Neeg Koom Tes ntawm Cov Neeg Koom Tes Sib Koom, khiav mus rau Volga ntxeev siab tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tawm tsam hauv Petrograd. Thiab yog li nws tau tshwm sim tias Czechs thiab Slovaks ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia tau los ua neeg nyob hauv kev ua nom loj. Tab sis lawv kuj yog lub zog! Thaum tau txhawb nqa KOMUCH, tom qab ntawd lawv tau txhawb nqa Kolchak tib yam! Tab sis nws tsis yooj yim siv lawv ncaj qha tawm tsam Bolsheviks!

Duab
Duab

Legionnaires ntawm lub carriage.

Ntxiv mus, ib qho ntawm qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog tias Czechs, tau tuav ntau lub tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov tsheb loj, ib txwm tsis xav koom nrog lawv thiab ua qhov hu ua "echelon war" tawm tsam Reds. Tsiv mus raws Transsib thiab ntsib ib qho teeb meem ntawm lawv txoj kev, lawv tawm ntawm lub tsheb, raug rho tawm, tsoo cov yeeb ncuab thiab … tsav mus! Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom coj lawv mus rau qhov txias thiab qias neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 tau xaus thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1918, thiab cov tub rog Czech ntseeg hais tias ntseeg tias lawv qhov chaw tsis nyob hauv Russia, tab sis nyob hauv lawv lub tebchaws. Nws tau mus txog qhov uas lawv tus thawj coj yawg Colonel Shvets, tsis tuaj yeem tiv kev txaj muag, tua nws tus kheej, thiab … cov tub rog legion tau poob siab tiag tiag los ntawm nws txoj kev tuag, thiab lawv tau cog lus tias yuav nyob ntawm xub ntiag … ntxiv rau ib hlis ntxiv - mus txog lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1! Thiab ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias lawv tsis tau tawm tsam hlo li, tsis muaj ib qho twg! Lawv siv sijhawm ntau dua xya lub hlis nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Red Army ua rau lawv poob nyiaj ntau, tab sis txij li lawv coob leej tsis nyob hauv tsev tau plaub xyoos, lawv tsis xav txuas ntxiv mus rau kev txaus siab rau neeg txawv tebchaws rau lawv! Los ntawm txoj kev, Penza bourgeoisie tam sim ntawd tom qab kev hloov pauv tau muab rau lawv ob lab rubles, tsuas yog khaws lawv, tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, Czechs tawm mus!

Duab
Duab

Thiab qhov no tseem yog lawv lub tsheb!

Tab sis hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb Czechs hauv Russia, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv Siberia, tsis muaj qhov sib npaug. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, lawv tau qhia tsuas yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txhim kho lawv cov logistics. Yog li, rau 60 txhiab legionnaires, 100,500 poods (-16 kg) ntawm hmoov, 75,000 poods ntawm nqaij, 22,500 poods ntawm qos yaj ywm, 11,500 poods ntawm butter, 11,250 poods qab zib, 8,125 poods ntawm zaub qhwv thiab 6,500 poods ntawm cereals tau tso tawm txhua hli. Ntxiv mus, lawv yuav tsis yog cov khoom siv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom siv raw - ntaub plaub, tsis muaj hlau, hlau ntxig, paj rwb, vam tias yuav nqa tag nrho lub tsev no los ntawm hiav txwv. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 30-40 versts los ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau, lawv muaj cov liaj teb loj, uas lawv khaws 1000 lossis ntau lub taub hau nyuj! Kev ntoj ke mus kawm tau xa mus rau Mongolia kom mus yuav tsiaj txhu, cov nplej raug thauj ntawm cov ntxhuav. Hauv Omsk, ntxiv rau lwm qhov chaw, cov Czechs tau teeb tsa cov chaw tsim khoom uas tau muab lawv cov tub rog nrog siv txhua yam uas tsim nyog kom lawv yuav tsis vam khom leej twg rau ib yam dabtsi. Piv txwv li, ntawm lawv lub Hoobkas xab npum lawv tau tsim 200 lub thoob xab npum txhua hnub. Txhua hnub! Koj puas tuaj yeem xav txog yam khoom zoo li cas? Txaus rau cov tub rog, thiab … muag!

Duab
Duab

Kev lom zem nrog "dais". Tomsk, xyoo 1919

Dab tsi Czech tsis nyiam hnyuv ntxwm thiab npias?! Thiab tam sim no kev tsim cov hnyuv ntxwm tau tsim thoob plaws hauv Txoj Kev hla Trans-Siberian Railway, npaj 12,000 poods ntawm hnyuv ntxwm thiab nto moo Czech nqaij npuas npua txhua lub hlis! Zoo, hauv nroog Kurgan tau tsim lub tsev ua npias, uas tsim 3600 thoob thoob npias ib lub lim tiam. Cheese tau tsim txog li 3500 lub poods, thiab hauv lub nroog Nikolaevsk txawm tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov hmoov txhuam hniav, khau tawv thiab xim paj yeeb tau tsim!

Duab
Duab

Armored tsheb "Grozny", 1st Czech regiment hauv Penza, 1918-28-05. Cov neeg Suav tau coj nws los ntawm Moscow los "tshem tawm qhov kev ntxeev siab" ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Trotsky … thiab muab nws xa mus rau Czechs.

Ntxiv mus, saib xyuas cov zaub mov ntawm sab ntsuj plig rau lawv cov tub rog, cov tub txib hais kom tshaj tawm ntau dua kaum ob (!) Ntawm ntau cov ntawv xov xwm, ntawv xov xwm thiab ntawv qhia ntawv hauv ntau yam kev paub. Ntxiv mus, qhov ntsuas ntawm lawv qhov kev tso tawm yog qhov yooj yim heev! Cov ntawv xov xwm "Czechoslovak Day", piv txwv li, muaj kev xa tawm ntawm 11,000 daim ntawv, tab sis tsuas yog thaum Lub Yim Hli 1919, thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev hauv tebchaws Russia thiab tsis txaus ntawm txhua yam tseem ceeb, cov Czech tau luam tawm 160,000 daim ntawv ntawm ntau phau ntawv! Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tsev muaj nws tus kheej cov ntawv khaws tseg, kev yees duab thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, chav kos duab kos duab, tsev kawm ntawv rau cov tub rog, ncaws pob ncaws pob, tswj hwm orchestras thiab, ntxiv rau, ib lub suab paj nruag loj loj!

Duab
Duab

Hauv Siberia. Czech cov tub rog. "Peb yog cov neeg siab tawv, siab tawv, siab tawv …", 1919.

Ntxiv mus, txawm hais tias muaj coob tus neeg liam tias Czech tau nyiag cov nyiaj khaws cia hauv tebchaws Russia, qhov tseeb, yog vim li cas lawv cov nyiaj tau los txawv heev. Nws tsuas yog ntawm lawv muaj tus neeg txawj ntse thiab pom kev deb-Colonel Nkoj, uas tom qab dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Prague Legio-Bank, uas ntseeg cov legionnaires tsis siv nyiaj hli uas lawv tau txais hauv Lavxias rubles, tab sis siv nws tsim cov chaw tsim khoom thiab kev cob qhia thiab yuav ntau yam khoom siv raw. Qhov tseeb, lub sijhawm ntawd tsis muaj leej twg coj nws tawm ntawm Siberia, thiab yog li nws tau muag ntawm tus nqi pheej yig. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, yog tias Pab Tub Rog Dawb tsis muaj cov khaub ncaws zoo txaus thiab qee tus tub rog txawm tias nyob hauv kev tawm tsam raug yuam kom khav theeb hauv ris hauv qab (!), Vim tias lawv yooj yim tsis muaj lub ris, cov Czechs thiab Slovaks tau hnav khaub ncaws tshiab, xaws ntawm lawv cov kws xaws khaub ncaws los ntawm lawv tus kheej daim ntaub, yuav ua ntej hauv ntau.! Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias qee tus legionnaires tau teeb tsa zoo nyob hauv Siberia tias lawv tsis xav rov mus tsev thiab, tau muaj poj niam thiab menyuam nyob ntawm no,nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev dav chaos thiab kev puas tsuaj, lawv tsuas yog nyob kaj siab lug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txawm hais tias poob thiab zoo li "cov neeg khiav tawm", cov neeg hauv lub cev tau nce zuj zus vim yog … poj niam thiab menyuam yaus uas koom nrog nws hauv kev nrhiav lub neej zoo. Yog li Czechs thaum kawg tshem tawm los ntawm Russia tsis yog tsuas yog tawv, paj rwb, nqaij npuas kib, tooj liab thiab hemp, tab sis kuj muaj ntau ntawm peb cov Siberian zoo nkauj!

Duab
Duab

Thiab cov no tau hnav ntau, tab sis nrog rab phom tshuab.

Thiab thaum twg, thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1919, thawj lub nkoj nrog legionnaires thaum kawg pib tawm hauv Vladivostok, nws tau tshaj tawm tias tag nrho 72,644 tus neeg yuav tsum tau pauv (3004 tus tub ceev xwm thiab 53,455 tus tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm ntawm Czechoslovak pab tub rog, thiab tus so yog… "cov neeg nrog lawv"!), Rau qhov xa mus rau Tebchaws Europe ua ke nrog cov khoom thauj nws nqa … 42 lub nkoj! Ntau dua plaub txhiab tus neeg legionnaires uas tuag lossis ploj mus los ntawm Russia tsis rov qab los. Nws yog qhov yooj yim los suav tias yuav luag txhua tus tub rog thib ob tseem coj nws tus poj niam nrog nws mus rau nws lub tebchaws, lossis txawm tias nws tus poj niam thiab menyuam yaus! Ntawd yog, ntawm no hauv Russia nws kuj tau sib yuav thiab muaj menyuam. Ntawm no nws tsis xav tawm tsam!

Duab
Duab

Cov ntawv sau ntawm 7th Czech Regiment. Tomsk, 1919 Cov neeg tseem ceeb, yog li hais lus, tub rog …

Yog li tam sim no nws nkag siab zoo vim li cas kev lag luam ntawm Czechoslovakia tau nce sai sai tom qab tau txais kev ywj pheej. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tau dhau los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tiag rau nws. Tab sis rau peb lub tebchaws, kev tawm ntawm Czechs tau dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb V. I. Piv txwv li, Lenin ntseeg tias, txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev mob siab los tsim Red Army, uas suav txog 500 txhiab tus tib neeg thaum kawg ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 1919, 40,000 Czechs tau ntau dua li txaus los xaus qhov kev xav ntawm Trotsky!

Duab
Duab

Tomsk ua yeeb yam rau cov tub rog ntawm Czechoslovak Legion.

Thiab yog tias cov thawj coj ntawm Dawb lub zog tsis quav ntsej nrog kub, yog tias lawv tig Czechoslovak corps mus rau Moscow, tej zaum peb yuav tsis muaj tag nrho cov zigzags ntawm keeb kwm kev txhim kho hauv Russia, nws tau mus ntau dua lossis tsawg dua hauv kab ncaj, thiab qhov twg, qhov no, peb puas yuav yog hnub no?! Txawm hais tias, leej twg paub, tej zaum cov teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim hauv Czechoslovakia xyoo 1939 thiab 1968 yog ib hom kev ua pauj rau … lawv tshawb nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig khoom hauv xyoo 1919?!

Duab
Duab

Kev sib tw ncaws pob ntawm pab pawg thib 7 nrog rau Askiv. Tomsk. 1919. Tsov rog - tsov rog, thiab ncaws pob - ncaws pob!

Pom zoo: