Lub 420mm Gamma Mörser cug tau tsim thiab tsim los ntawm Krupp ua ntej WWI raws li qhov hnyav hnyav siege howitzer. Thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau siv los ntes Kovno lub fortress. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm WWI, tag nrho tab sis ib qho ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov neeg tawg rog raug rhuav tshem. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, 420mm cug tau siv thaum lub sijhawm Sevastopol puag ncig xyoo 1942.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim
Ntev ua ntej Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, Krupp cov chaw tsim khoom tau pib txhim kho tag nrho cov riam phom hnyav hnyav rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov chaw ruaj khov. Kev txhim kho ntawm Gamma Mörser cug yog qhov haujlwm thib peb hauv kab ntawv no thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li 30.5 cm Beta-Gerät. Krupp cov kws tsim txuj ci tau muaj kev paub zoo hauv kev tsim cov phom loj hnyav - plaub "40 cm L / 35 phom" tau xa mus rau Ltalis rau kev teeb tsa hauv lub ntxaib ntxaib yees hauv Taranto thiab La Spezia.
Pib ntawm kev txhim kho - kev txiav txim siab ntawm Prussian General Staff, nws tau txiav txim siab los ua tub rog nrog rab phom loj rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab fortresses. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1909, cov tshuaj cug tau npaj rau kev sim ntawm Krupp qhov chaw sim. Kev sim qhia pom qhov kev cog lus ntawm rab phom thiab xyoo 1911 tau muab cov tshuaj cug rau kev sim ua tub rog loj. Cov kev xeem tau ua tiav.
Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj tau tsim phiaj xwm rau kev tawm tsam Fab Kis (Fab Kis lub fortresses ntawm Namur thiab Liege), nrog kev tawm tsam ib txhij ntawm Belgium. Qhov no yuav xav tau yim 820mm Gamma Mörser mortars thiab 16 30.5 cm Beta-Gerät mortars. Xyoo 1913-1914, tau tsim plaub qhov ntxiv 420mm cug. Ua ntej Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, 5 Gamma Mörser mortars tau tsim, 5 ntxiv tau tsim thaum tsov rog. Lawv npaj tsim kom muaj 18 daim ntawv ntxiv. Tsuas yog cov tshuaj muaj sia nyob uas tau koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau zais los ntawm cov neeg German ntawm Krupp kev qhia hauv Meppen. Nws tau siv nyob rau xyoo 1930 los ntsuas cov khoom siv ua vaj tsev.
Ntaus thiab tsim
Cug tau koom nrog chav kawm "Bettungsgeschütz" - kev teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov tshuaj khib, yuav tsum tau nqa cov tsheb nqaj hlau nqa nqa. Cug tau muab los ntawm 250 tus neeg, kev thauj mus rau qhov chaw siv tau ua los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau - ntawm kaum lub platform. Cov tshuaj khib tau sib sau ua ke thiab teeb tsa tsis pub dhau 4 hnub, nws yuav tsum tau tos kom lub hauv paus ruaj khov kom khov. Kab rov tav tsom lub kaum sab xis 23 degrees, ntsug taw qhia lub kaum ntse ntse txog 75 degrees. Breech ntawm "Welin" system yog ntawm hom ntsia hlau. Cov txheej txheem thim rov qab muaj ob lub hydraulic nres (sab saud ntawm lub thoob) thiab hydropneumatic knurler (qis ib feem ntawm lub thoob).
Mos txwv
Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Xaum, 420mm mortar siv ob hom mos txwv (pob zeb ua pob zeb thiab tawg hnyav) hnyav 886 kg (pib nrawm 370 m / s) thiab 760 kg. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, siv lub plhaub pob zeb hnyav 1003 kg. Kev them nyiaj ntawm hom sib cais, cov hmoov tau them nrog qhov hnyav tag nrho txog 77.8 kg. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov nqi hmoov - los ntawm 1 txog 4 units.
Ua ntej Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub chaw tso phom loj ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Ntiaj Teb tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Tsuas yog 420mm mortar "Gamma Mörser" mus rau nws pov tseg hauv kev faib phom hnyav heev. Xyoo 1942, ua ib feem ntawm 459th roj teeb sib cais, cov tshuaj khib tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Sevastopol. Nws tau siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kab Maginot, tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam hauv Warsaw.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm 42 cm kurze Marinekanone L / 16:
caliber - 420 hli;
- hnyav sib ntaus - 140 tons;
chim ntev - 6.72 meters;
- kev taw qhia kaum lub qab ntug / ntsug - 23 / 43-75 degrees;
projectile ceev (1003 kg) - 452 m / s;
- tus nqi hluav taws - txhaj ib zaug txhua 8 feeb;
- thaj tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj mus txog 14.2 kilometers;
- lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib hloov - 46 degrees.
