Txoj hmoo ntawm peb lub tebchaws yog qhov xav tsis thoob. Thaum pib ntawm ib puas xyoo, kev ywj pheej thiab Bolsheviks ua npuas ncauj ntawm lub qhov ncauj sib cav tias "lub tebchaws tab tom mus rau qhov tob," "tib neeg tshaib plab," tab sis … cov leeg nqaij ntawm cov neeg nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm tau nce zuj zus los ntawm xyoo rau xyoo. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, ib ntawm tsib tus neeg tau txais kev ua phem txhaum cai, thiab tseem muaj feem pua ntau ntawm tus mob syphilis thiab cov niam ntiav hluas. Ntawd yog, muaj … ntau cov teeb meem hauv zej zog. Tab sis Russia muaj lub nkoj loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, txawm hais tias nws tau poob qis hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Tom qab ntawd muaj "kev hloov pauv zigzag" zoo, tsuas yog raws li George Orwell: cov saum tau lwj, poob lawv cov tuav thiab tsis tuaj yeem tuav qhov chaw uas lawv nyob. Thiab tom qab ntawd cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg nruab nrab tau mus rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg hauv qab, uas ua haujlwm nyuaj, tsis muaj kev paub, tab sis qhov uas tsis muaj kev cia siab rau kev ncaj ncees thiab npau suav ntawm "ntau dua" tau roaming, thiab hais rau lawv: "Peb paub yuav ua li cas thiaj ua rau koj txoj kev npau suav muaj tseeb! " Zoo, lawv tus kheej dhau los ua qhov siab tshaj, qee tus lej qis tau ua lawv txoj hauv kev rau "cov kws tshaj lij liab", "tus kws tshaj lij liab" thiab "Stalin tus thawj coj", tab sis feem ntau, feem ntau, kev txhim kho ntawm lawv lub neej tseem nyob hauv tes ntawm … kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Txwv tsis pub, tus chij sib txawv kiag li yuav ya hla Kremlin hnub no, thiab cov tog neeg hauv peb lub tebchaws kuj tseem yuav sib txawv kiag li … Los ntawm txoj kev, hais txog ob tog. Tus thawj coj ntawm lawv (Kuv tsis paub qhov zoo lossis phem) yog United Russia tog. Tab sis … qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv nto moo ntawm Cov Tiv Thaiv Dawb. Yog li … peb tuaj yeem hais tias, tsawg kawg hauv xyoo, thiab txawm hais tias lawv yeej qhov kev xaiv tsa dawb huv! Zoo, txoj hmoo ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv no kuj yog qhov nthuav hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev, thiab nws tsim nyog tau txais nws kom paub ntau ntxiv.
United Russia ze Tsaritsyn, Lub Rau Hli 1919.
Thiab nws tau tshwm sim tias tom qab kev tawm tsam tawv tawv thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 1918, Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb tau coj lub chaw nres tsheb Tikhoretskaya, thiab qhov no yog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau loj uas cov khoom raug tshem tawm ntawm Ukraine, uas tau xa mus rau cov neeg German thiab Austrians. Thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv hnyav ntawm Cov Tub Rog Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom plig uas tau txais, thiab ntawm lawv muaj cov tsheb laij teb, cov tshuab tsheb nqaj hlau, cov ntawv hlau, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas yog thawj lub npe "Ranged Battle Battery". Tom qab ntawd nws tau muab lub npe "5th Armored Train", tab sis nws ua cas "tsis muaj suab nrov", thiab thaum kawg xyoo 1918 nws tau hu ua "United Russia". Nrog kev hais meej meej rau txoj kev xav ntawm "tsis txiav txim siab", txhawb siab los ntawm General Denikin. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog ua ntej los kho Russia hauv nws daim ntawv qub, thiab tsuas yog tom qab txiav txim siab dab tsi thiab ua li cas. Nws yog tus neeg ruam, Vajtswv zam txim rau kuv, hais nrog cov lus hais no tom qab Lenin muab kev ywj pheej rau Poland thiab Finland, thiab cov lus hais ntawm txoj cai ntawm haiv neeg tau tshaj tawm txhua qhov los ntawm Bolsheviks. Zoo, leej twg tom qab ntawd xav xav rov pib dua? Tsis muaj leej twg txhawb nqa Denikin: tsis yog cov neeg nce roob, lossis Cossacks, lossis Finns, lossis Poles!
Thiab ntawm no yog tus chij ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv. Thiab tam sim no peb pom nws nyob qhov twg? Yog li, tsis ntev los sis tom qab, cov koom haum hauv zej zog siab dua yeej qhov qis dua. Puas yog Chingizids kawg, nws zoo li, rau ob puas xyoo hauv Suav teb? Thiab ntawm no tsuas muaj 74 xyoos, plaub xyoos ntev dua li ob tiam neeg lub neej, vim tias cov kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm xav txog ib puas xyoo los ua lub sijhawm muaj xwm txheej ntawm lub neej rau peb tiam. Thiab tam sim no tus chij no ya hla Kremlin …
Lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tau dhau los ua qhov txias xwb! Wikipedia tshaj tawm tias nws tau siv ob rab phom 105mm, ib lub 120mm thiab ib rab phom 47mm, uas sawv cev rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus lej tias hauv tebchaws Russia tsis muaj phom 105-mm zoo li ntawd, muaj 107-mm, rov-ntse dua los ntawm 105-mm Nyij Pooj thiab "plaub-nti" phom los ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem, uas muaj lub peev xwm ntawm 102-hli. Yog li, feem ntau yuav, cov no yog cov phom no tau coj los ntawm Novik-chav rhuav tshem. Raws li rau 120-mm, muaj rab phom ntawm lub peev xwm no los ntawm Obukhov cog thiab tuam txhab Vickers. Txawm li cas los xij, txiav txim los ntawm daim duab, cov no yog rab phom ntev ntev, uas txhais tau tias lawv yog hiav txwv lossis ntug dej hiav txwv. Ntawd yog, lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tau siv riam phom zoo heev, rab phom tau siv ntev, yog li nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov neeg dawb siv nws ua rab phom tua nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm kev tawm tsam loj.
Feem ntau, lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv ntawm hom no muaj ntau lub laj kab thaiv raws li muaj phom hnyav rau nws. Thiab ib lub tsheb thauj mus los uas muaj cov phom tiv thaiv mos txwv rau pab pawg kuj tau txuas rau nws. Tebchaws Russia tseem muaj lub tsheb tiv thaiv tiv thaiv nrog ob lub tshuab rab phom rau ntawm lub ru tsev thiab rau rau lub tshuab siv phom rab phom. Ntawd yog, ntawm lub nkoj, nws tuaj yeem tua los ntawm tsib rab phom tshuab ib zaug!
"United Russia" ob zaug koom nrog hauv kev ntes Armavir, thiab tseem koom nrog kev tawm tsam hauv lub nroog Stavropol. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias muaj ntau lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv, ob leeg dawb thiab liab, tau ntsib ntawm no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua kub, cov tsheb ciav hlau tau tawg tuaj ntawm no ntau zaus uas ntu no tsis tau rov qab los thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob. Thaum Lub Yim Hli, lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv raug puas tsuaj, thiab nws cov kws kho tsheb raug tua thiab tus thawj coj, Colonel Skopin, tau raug mob.
Thiab ntawm no yog sab hauv ntawm ib lub tshuab rab phom tiv thaiv lub tsheb ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Ukraine ze Dnepropetrovsk xyoo 1918. Nyuaj me ntsis, tau kawg, tab sis pes tsawg tus "maxims" thiab txawm tias yog "Colt"!
Tom qab kho tas, lub tsheb ciav hlau muaj ob lub tsho tiv thaiv uas muaj zog dua 152-hli rab phom tub rog ntawm Kane system. Cov kev teeb tsa, zoo li ua ntej, yog kem-raws. Cov phom loj nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub platform, thiab nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab muaj cov ntawv thaiv U-puab rau cov mos txwv thiab cov neeg coob. Muaj tseeb tiag, vim yog muaj zog thim rov qab, lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem tua ntawm txoj kev hla. Ntawd yog, nws muaj, ntawm chav kawm, txhawb nqa uas lub platform tuaj yeem ntsaws thaum tua. Tab sis kev txhim kho lawv yog kev lag luam muaj teeb meem, ua rau lub tsheb ciav hlau tsis muaj zog ntawm kev txav mus los. Yog li ntawd, lawv sim tsis siv lawv. Ntawd yog, txhawm rau txhawm rau kom cov phom yuav tsuas yog "lub taub hau me me" cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, txwv tsis pub muaj "teeb meem". Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau tua los ntawm cov ceg radial, nrog rau "lub tsheb tiv thaiv" caij nkoj rov qab los, tab sis qhov no tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus.
Cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv Orlik ntawm Dawb Czechs, uas tawm tsam hauv Siberia. Nws muaj ob lub turret nce nrog 76, rab phom 2-mm thiab 10 rab phom tshuab ntawm txhua lub tsheb uas muaj phom.
Twb pib thaum xyoo 1919, tau kho United Russia tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav, thiab tom qab ntawd txhawb nqa sai sai ntawm pab tub rog Denikin hauv Donetsk phiab nrog nws cov hluav taws.
Tom qab ntawd United Russia tau xa mus txhawb ib feem ntawm General Wrangel hauv Tsaritsyn qhia kom koom nrog pab tub rog ntawm Admiral Kolchak. Nws nyob ntawm no, ze Tsaritsyn, tias cov tsheb ciav hlau npog ntawm cov neeg dawb tau ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Ntxiv mus, hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tiv thaiv, thiab Reds siv lawv ua ke nrog cov tub rog caij nkoj ntawm Volga Flotilla. Tom qab ntawd, Wrangel rov qab hais tias nws cov tub rog tau hnav khaub ncaws tshiab Askiv hnav khaub ncaws hnav zoo nkauj thiab lub kaus mom hlau … Cov phom loj ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tau siv heev, zoo li lub tso tsheb hlau luam … kuj yog Askiv. Thiab xyoo 1919 Cov Neeg Dawb tau tswj hwm Tsaritsyn, uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua tau ib xyoos ua ntej, thiab ntawm cov khoom plig lawv tseem tau ntes ob lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv liab nrog lub npe qub "Lenin" thiab "Trotsky". Thiab United Russia tau pauv mus rau qhov kev qhia tshiab, mus rau Moscow.
Cov tub ceev xwm tiv thaiv tub ceev xwm yog "hom teeb" lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv, raws li nws tau siv riam phom 76, 2-mm phom.
General Denikin, tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog dawb ntawm Sab Qab Teb ntawm Russia, uas tau tshaj tawm qhov hu ua "Moscow Directive" ntawm kev taug kev ntawm Moscow, twb tau txiav txim siab nws tus kheej "tus cawm seej ntawm Russia thiab Minin thib ob."Tab sis … nws tsis nco qab tias kev ua tiav nyob hauv kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov lus qhia sib txawv. Nws tig mus rau Poles thiab … lawv tsis txhawb nws, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lawv tau lees paub Bolsheviks tias lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj xeeb. Cov Finns tseem tsis ua haujlwm, yog li nws tshuab tig los ua qhov yooj yim dua li nws tuaj yeem ua tau …
White Guard nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm daim ntawv loj loj.
Hmo ntuj ntawm lub Cuaj Hli 20, 1919, United Russia cov tub rog tiv thaiv tsheb ciav hlau thiab Tus Thawj Coj lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau tau ceev nrooj ncaj qha mus rau Kursk nroog chaw nres tsheb thiab ntes nws, tom qab ntawd Reds tawm hauv lub nroog. Hnub ntawm Bolsheviks, zoo li, twb tau suav lawm, tab sis ntawm no nyob tom qab ntawm Cov Tub Rog Dawb cov neeg tawm tsam kev tawm tsam tau pib ua thawj coj ntawm Batka Makhno, uas nws 100,000 tus tub rog muaj zog tshwm sim thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1919 tsuas yog ob lub lis piam. Tsuas yog lub sijhawm no, Dawb coj Orel thiab mus txog Moscow ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus nrug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tau xav txog ua ntej ntxiv, nrog kev tawm tsam loj heev nyob tom qab, thiab Cov Neeg Pov Pov tau pov tseg tag nrho lawv cov tswv yim khaws tseg rau Makhno, suav nrog United Russia cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 8, 1919, ze rau lub nroog Aleksandrovsk (lub npe tam sim no ntawm Zaporozhye), kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab laug ntawm Dnieper, uas cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws thiab, tau kawg, cov kws sau keeb kwm Soviet tau ua tib zoo hais txog nws tom qab. Tom qab ntawd ob lub tub rog dawb thiab ob pawg tub rog sib tua, tsis txhob tawm tsam Moscow, suav nrog peb lub tsheb ciav hlau hnyav (United Russia, Ivan Kalita thiab Dmitry Donskoy) tau tawm tsam Batka Makhno "pab tub rog".
Thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv tebchaws Russia, cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv feem ntau hloov pauv lawv tus tswv.
Thiab nws muaj Viktor Belash muaj hnub nyoog 26 xyoos ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, tus kws tshaj lij kev tsheb ciav hlau nrog txhua qhov ua rau muaj tshwm sim. Nws nkag siab tias leej txiv ob lub tsheb ciav hlau ua hauv tsev yuav tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus cov phom ntev ntawm cov tub rog ntawm cov neeg dawb, thiab qhia kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse.
Lub caij no, "United Russia" tau tawm tsam ntawm chaw nres tsheb Sofievka, txhawb nqa nrog nws qhov hluav taws kub thib 1 Ib Cheeb Tsam Qaum Teb ntawm Cavalry Corps ntawm General Shkuro ntawm Chechens, uas nyuam qhuav raug tua tom qab Reds ze Tambov thiab Voronezh. Tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hluav taws kub hnyiab los ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm Chechens, thib 3 Crimean cov tub rog, txib los ntawm Bolshevik Polonsky, pib thim rov qab. Thiab nws tau nyob ntawm no, ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Belash, mus rau United Russia tog, Makhnovists tau xa lub tshuab tsheb ciav hlau, tawg!
Lwm lub tsheb ciav hlau hnyav VSYUR.
Lub tshuab ntawm lub tshuab ua pa nrawm hauv qab lub zog yog lub zog uas tam sim ntawd nqa lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tawm ntawm kev nqis tes ua, thiab nws yuav tsum tau xa sai sai rau kev kho rau tom qab. Thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov teeb meem tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tawm tsam tag nrho cov tub rog ntawm lub tsheb Makhnovist nto moo (700 lub tshuab rab phom!) nce!"
Tab sis Makhnovists tsis zam txim rau Bolshevik Polonsky rau qhov kev tawm mus. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib tus neeg nyob hauv tebchaws thiab tus phooj ywg qub ntawm Makhno nws tus kheej, nws raug liam tias tau sim … "Bolshevik coup" hauv pab tub rog ntawm Batka thiab raug tua sai. Nws tus poj niam zoo nkauj, raug ntaus los ntawm Polonsky hauv Crimea los ntawm qee tus tub ceev xwm dawb, tau muab rau Makhnovist tus thawj coj. Zoo, qhov tshwm sim ntawm txhua qhov Shakespearean txoj kev mob siab rau yog kev tawm ntawm Chechen cov tub rog mus rau Caucasus. Muaj tseeb, Makhnovists tseem tau txais nws los ntawm General Slashchev, tab sis … "tau txais" lig, thaum lub hauv ntej ze Orel thiab Tula twb tau tawg lawm!
Ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb Yenakiyevo, lub tsheb ciav hlau tsis tuaj yeem kho tau vim qee yam, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 10, United Russia tau raug xa los kho hauv Novorossiysk mus rau Sudostal cog. Tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem kho nws ua ntej lub dav hlau dawb los ntawm Novorossiysk, thiab lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv, lossis, cia peb hais tias, dab tsi yog sab laug rau nws, poob rau hauv Reds txhais tes.
Lub phom phom ntawm Grozny lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv no tau "rov ua dua" hauv Crimea. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias cov neeg dawb muaj peev xwm thauj cov riam phom ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau qub qub tuaj rau ntawd, lossis tej zaum lawv pom cov phom ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm nws yog dab tsi, tab sis nws tseem tawm tsam mus txog thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 1920. Thiab thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, ua ntej tawm hauv Crimea, United Russia tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev sib tsoo taub hau nrog lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv "George the Victorious". Nov yog qhov uas zaj dab neeg ntawm ib lub zog muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau Denikin tau xaus.
