"Thiab kuv pom tias Tus Menyuam Yaj tau tshem tawm thawj ntawm xya lub cim, thiab kuv tau hnov ib ntawm plaub tus tsiaj, hais tias, zoo li nws tau hnov lub suab nrov: mus thiab pom. Kuv ntsia, thiab, saib seb, ib tug nees dawb, thiab ntawm nws tus neeg caij nrog hneev, thiab muab lub kaus mom rau nws; thiab nws tawm los yeej, thiab kov yeej"
(Tshwmsim ntawm John tus Evangelist 6: 1-2)
Nws ib txwm yog thiab yuav yog li ntawd muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm qee qhov kev kawm, uas yuav tsum tau kawm thiab qee qhov kev paub uas tso cai rau txoj kev tshawb fawb no ua kom raug, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb nrov, cov ntsiab lus uas nyob rau tib qho kev kawm tau hloov kho rau pawg neeg coob. Yog lawm, cov ntsiab lus dav dua yog, qhov dav dua nws keeb kwm yog. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los sis tom qab, qhov hu ua "kev ua haujlwm dav dav" tshwm sim, uas cov ntaub ntawv tawg nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw tau muab coj los ua ke thiab ua haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, tau txais cov lus qhia ntawm cov dej khov ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv uas ua ntej nws. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov tub rog Mongol-Tatar, cov haujlwm no yog phau ntawv M. V. Gorelik. "Cov tub rog ntawm Mongol-Tatars ntawm X-XIV ib puas xyoo. Kev kos duab tub rog, khoom siv, riam phom. " (Moscow: OOO "Vostochny Horizon", 2002. - 84 p. - (Uniforms of the armies of the world). - 3000 luam - ISBN 5-93848-002-7), uas yog kawm tau zoo thiab tib lub sijhawm sau hauv cov lus yooj yim thiab nkag siab thiab nws kuj tau piav qhia zoo nkauj.
Turkic cov tub rog ntawm 6th-7th xyoo pua Txhuv. Angus McBride.
Txawm li cas los xij, txog rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Central Asia tsis yog qhov khoob. Lawv cov neeg nyob ntawd, muaj hwj chim muaj zog thiab tsim kev vam meej muaj nyob, kev ua tub rog uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lawv cov neeg nyob sib ze. Tshwj xeeb, cov neeg zoo li no yog Western Turks, nws cov cuab yeej ua rog yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus tshawb fawb los ntawm A. Yu. Borisenko, Y. S. Khudyakova, K. S. Tabaldieva, thiab O. A. Soltobaeva "ROOJ SAB NTUJ WESTERN TURKS", npaj nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm Presidium ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb "Kev hloov pauv ntawm tib neeg thiab kev coj noj coj ua rau kev hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, kev sib raug zoo thiab thev naus laus zis hloov pauv." Txoj Haujlwm No. 21.2.
Nws yog nrog nws tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tau txais kev paub kom raug txhawm rau xav txog kev ua tub rog ntawm cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau, thiab cov qub txeeg qub teg tom qab ntawm cov Turks thaum ub tshwj xeeb. Txij li txoj haujlwm no nws tus kheej yog qhov loj txaus thiab muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv iconographic (duab kos duab), peb yuav sim nthuav qhia nws hauv qee hom nrov dua nrog cov duab los ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.
Ancient pej thuam pej thuam. IX-X centuries. Chuy hav, Kyrgyzstan. Hermitage (St. Petersburg).
Yog li tus sau phau ntawv ntawm txoj haujlwm no qhia dab tsi rau peb? Nws hloov tawm tias twb nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm 1st txhiab xyoo AD. NS. cov Turks qub, coj los ntawm pawg neeg txiav txim siab ntawm Ashina, tswj kom kov yeej pab pawg ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj npe uas nyob hauv txoj siv tawv ntawm Eurasia thiab tsim lub xeev tub rog muaj zog, hu ua Thawj Turkic Kaganate. Hauv kev xyaum ua tsov rog tsis tu ncua, lawv tau rhuav tshem ntau pab pawg neeg sib txawv, sib txawv hauv kev coj noj coj ua thiab haiv neeg, uas nyob hauv Eurasian hla txhua txoj kev los ntawm Hiav Txwv Daj mus rau Hiav Txwv Dub, thiab, raws li, los ntawm Siberian taiga mus rau ciam teb nrog Iran thiab Tuam Tshoj. Nws yog thaum ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lawv kev coj noj coj ua, cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm riam phom, khaub ncaws ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov nees ua rog tau nthuav dav thoob plaws hauv Eurasian nomads, cov tswv yim ntawm kev coj tus nees sib ntaus sib tua tau zoo, thiab, tau kawg, kev ua tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm kaganate yog los tswj txoj hauv kev ntawm Txoj Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws uas tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv lawv thaj chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam. Lawv levied khoom plig los ntawm cov tub lag luam txhob lo lo ntxhuav thiab nrhiav kom ua raws li kev cog lus tsis sib xws ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Iran thiab lwm lub xeev ua liaj ua teb nyob tsis tswm kom them se rau lawv. Ntawd yog, lawv tsim qee yam kev coj noj coj ua hauv cheeb tsam, uas tom qab tau txais los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb nomadic uas tau txais lawv.
Ib qho ntawm cov monographs nthuav heev ntawm cov ncauj lus no. Nws tsuas yog thiab qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog kev luam ntawv tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj xim duab thiab duab piv txwv. Ntawm no, feem ntau ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Soviet lub sijhawm ua ntej Ospreyev cov ntawv hloov pauv, zoo li, zoo li cov av ua ntej Mars.
Kev ua tiav ntawm Turks nyob rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog thaum ntxov yuav tsis xav txog yog tias lawv tsis muaj txoj hauv kev deb thiab kaw kev sib ntaus uas zoo txaus rau lub sijhawm ntawd, ntxiv rau cov cuab yeej rau cov tub rog thiab lawv cov nees ua tsov rog. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov riam phom ntawm Turks thaum ub, uas yog, lawv cov tub rog kev coj noj coj ua zoo. Ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab yog thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov hneev thiab xub, riam phom, ntau yam khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej, nrog rau cov cuab yeej rau cov neeg caij tsheb thiab lawv caij nees.
Saddles nrog lub hauv paus ruaj khov thiab sib tsoo tau dhau los ua qhov txhia chaw, ua tsaug rau qhov kev tsaws ntawm cov tub rog tau ua kom muaj zog ntxiv, uas nthuav lawv lub peev xwm los ua nees sib ntaus sib tua. Hauv pab tub rog ntawm Turks thaum ub, thiab ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze nomadic, nws yog thaum ntawd cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog tau tshwm sim, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau dhau los ua ib ceg ywj pheej ntawm cov tub rog ntawm cov nomads ntawm Central Asia. Raws li, ntxiv rau "Scythian cov tswv yim" ntawm kev tua cov yeeb ncuab nyob deb ntawm hneev, lawv kuj muaj cov txheej txheem zoo li kev tawm tsam sab xub ntiag los ntawm cov tub rog uas muaj riam phom hnyav.
Txaus siab rau qhov kev kawm txog riam phom, kev ua tub rog thiab kos duab tub rog yog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Turks uas nyob hauv toj siab thiab thaj av steppe ntawm Semirechye, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob Tien Shan, ntxiv rau hauv Central Asia hauv 6-8 xyoo pua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov xeev tsim nyob ntawd kuj suav nrog ib feem loj ntawm kev ua lag luam nyob tsis tswm thiab cov neeg siv khoom uas nyob hauv nroog thiab ua liaj ua teb oases hauv East Turkestan thiab Central Asia. Xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov neeg Turks nrog cov neeg nyob hauv Iran tsis tuaj yeem tab sis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lawv cov kab lis kev cai, thiab qhov no, nyeg, cuam tshuam rau kev ua tub rog thiab kev ua tub rog ntawm ob sab hnub poob Turkic thiab Turgesh cov tub rog. Kev ua tsov rog tsis tu ncua ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Turks nrog Sassanian Iran kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ob qho ntawd thiab lwm tus, uas thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho kev ua tub rog ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb nomadic ntawm tag nrho steppe Eurasia.
Kev faib tawm daim duab qhia chaw ntawm cov neeg Turkic.
Dab tsi yog lub hauv paus kev kawm rau txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab no txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm Turks nyob rau xyoo 6th-8th? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog qhov pom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv riam phom thaum khawb qhov faus ntawm cov kab lis kev cai Turkic thaum ub, ntxiv rau cov duab ntawm Turkic cov tub rog ua rau frescoes, cov mlom zeb, petroglyphs, ntxiv rau kev piav qhia txog kev ua tsov rog, kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab koom haum tub rog ntawm Western Turks thiab Turgeshes ua los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv qub (Turgeshes kuj yog cov neeg Turkic uas nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Dzungaria thiab Semirechye, thiab yog ib feem ntawm Western Turkic Kaganate. Lat tom qab ntawd lawv tsim lawv tus kheej Türgesh Kaganate, thiab thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 7 sawv ntawm lub taub hau ntawm pab pawg hauv nroog hauv kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm Arabs thiab Suav. Karluks kov yeej Semirechye.) Ntawm Tien Shan. Nws tau sau tseg tias muaj ntau txoj haujlwm tau tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no, uas muaj ntau qhov pom ntawm riam phom thiab txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv uas yog los ntawm Western Turkic thiab Turgesh cov tub rog tau raug ntaus nqi thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, yog li cov kws tshaj lij muaj cov khoom txaus rau kev txiav txim siab.
Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no xaus qhov twg? Hauv lawv qhov kev xav, kev tshawb pom keeb kwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau thaum ub tso cai rau peb ntseeg tias hom riam phom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Western Turks thiab Turgesh yog hneev thiab xib xub,nrog uas lawv tau tawm tsam sib ntaus sib tua. Lawv cov hneev yog ntau hom, uas txawv ntawm tus lej thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov pob txha lossis lub puab tsaig ntawm lawv. Lub xub pwg ntawm kibiti ntawm tus hneev taw ntawm Ancient Turkic era yog me ntsis qis dua hneev ntawm Hunno-Sarmatian lub sijhawm (lawv tau loj dua!), Tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv yooj yim dua siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nees thiab nrawm dua ntawm hluav taws
Hunnic hneev (rov tsim dua tshiab). Exhibition ntawm Attila thiab Huns 2012 ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Mainz.
Cov pob txha puas tau siv dab tsi thiab lawv nyob li cas? Pom qhov kev faus neeg nyob hauv Tien Shan thiab Semirechye muaj ntau yam pob txha pob txha: qhov kawg txheej txheej, uas tau pab txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau qhov kawg ntawm kibiti, thiab ib nrab, uas ntxiv dag zog rau nws ib nrab.
Yog li, hauv kev faus neeg Turkic thaum ub Besh-Tash-Koroo II hauv Kochkor hav hauv Tien Shan, hneev nrog kibiti ntev txog li 125 cm, txiav los ntawm cov khoom ntoo dawb, tau pom. Nws qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov kawg tau nqaim me ntsis thiab taw qhia nrog lawv qhov kawg ntawm kev tua, thaum lub xub pwg, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tau nthuav dav thiab tiaj tus me ntsis. Ntawm ob sab ntawm nws qhov nruab nrab, muaj qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab sib txuas ntawm ob sab. Cov ntaub qhwv tau txiav txiav rau txoj kev sib txuas ruaj khov nrog lub hauv paus ntoo, thiab tom qab ntawd hneev kuj tau xaws nrog cov leeg hauv qee qhov chaw.
Cov hneev taw zoo sib xws tau pom nyob hauv lwm qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb, hauv Tuva thiab Minusinsk Phiab.
Qee qhov onlays tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab. Yog li, ntawm ib sab ntawm ib sab hauv los ntawm kev faus neeg hauv Tash-Tyube, qhov chaw tua tsiaj tau kos duab, uas piav txog tus tua hneev uas tua mos lwj los ntawm nws lub hauv caug los ntawm txoj hlua nyuab.
Cov ntu ntawm ob qho kawg thiab sab nruab nrab thiab sab xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tau pom nyob hauv Ala-Myshik faus hauv hav ntawm r. Naryn hauv Tien Shan. Lawv daim phiaj kawg tau nqaim, ntev thiab nkhaus me ntsis, thaum nruab nrab phaj pem hauv ntej, ntawm qhov tod tes, luv thiab nqaim. Sab sab hauv ntawm cov kev sib tshooj no tau npog nrog cov xov mesh kom ruaj khov dua rau cov ntoo hauv paus ntawm kibiti.
Ntev dua hneev nrog kibiti ntev txog 130 cm, ib txwm nyob ntawm cov nomads ntawm Central Asia thaum lub sijhawm Xiongnu, kuj tau pom. Ntawd yog, ntau tus neeg nomadic siv lawv txawm tias nyob hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog thaum ntxov. Tab sis rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Turks, cov hneev tsis zoo li qub, tab sis cov neeg sab hnub poob tau siv lawv nyob rau xyoo 6th-7th.
Hneev thiab hneev taw ntawm lub sijhawm Mongolian. Poob ntawm Baghdad. Kev piav qhia rau Jami 'ntawm-tavarih Rashid ad-din. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej yog Mongol cov tub rog siv phom hnyav. Sab laug - Mongolian siege riam phom.
Cov Turks tseem siv "Kushan-Sassanid" hneev nrog ntu nruab nrab luv, nkhaus lub xub pwg ncaj thiab xaus ncaj, nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis rau lub xub pwg. Tej zaum lawv yuav yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev qiv nyiaj uas tau tshwm sim hauv txhua qhov kev tsov kev rog thiab txhua lub sijhawm.
Qhov tseem ceeb uas cov kws tshawb fawb hais txog yog cov hneev taw uas yog los ntawm Western Turks thiab Turgeshes, hauv lawv cov qauv, tau tsom mus rau kev tua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, txij li lawv tau siv hauv kev ua tsov rog nrog cov tub rog ntawm lub xeev ua liaj ua teb tsis tu ncua ntawm Central Asia thiab Iran.
Cov kws tua hneev Türkic puag thaum ub tau pov tseg xaiv cov xub loj rau ntau lub hom phiaj nrog ob-, peb- thiab txawm plaub-plaub lub tswv yim, nrog tiaj tus, peb tog, tetrahedral thiab puag ncig plaub hauv ntu ntu, thiab lub taub hau petiolate. Rau qhov thib ib nrab ntawm 1st txhiab xyoo AD. NS. qhov dav tshaj plaws hauv kev siv yog xub nrog peb lub ntsej muag ruaj khov, uas tuaj yeem tig hauv dav hlau. Cov pob txha xuav tau feem ntau hnav rau ntawm tus ncej tom qab lub taub hau, uas tau ntxig rau hauv lub davhlau. Nws tau ntseeg tias nws yog qhov tseeb peb lub ntsej muag uas tau tshaj plaws hauv kev hwm aeroballistic thiab tau siv dav hauv Xiongnu lub sijhawm thiab tom qab ntawd txog thaum Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab.
Turkic arrowheads.
Peb-lobed cov lus qhia pom hauv kev faus neeg Turkic, qhov nruab nrab, muaj qhov ntev ntawm 5 cm, nrog plaub dav ntawm 3, thiab lub petiole 11 cm ntev., nrog cov plaub 3, 3 dav, petiole ntev 9 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov hniav, thiab ntawm cov petioles - pob txha xuav pob muaj peb qhov. Ntxiv nrog rau peb-blades xub, Western Turks qee zaum siv xub nrog cov lus qhia tiaj tus hlau.
Armor-tho peb-hniav ntsis ntawm hom Turkic.
Cov xub xub xub tshwm hauv Xiongnu lub sijhawm, tab sis tsis tshua muaj siv thaum ntawd. Tab sis lawv tau nthuav dav tom qab, thaum cov pab pawg neeg Mongol tau pib ua tus thawj nyob hauv Central Asia. Cov xub nrog cov lus qhia no me ntsis qis dua cov uas lawv muaj peb lub ntsej muag, tab sis lawv yooj yim dua rau kev tsim khoom ntau thiab muaj kev nrawm dua ntawm kev ncua luv.
Hollow point nrog qhov tseem ceeb: Yenisei Kyrgyz, 1 txhiab xyoo AD Lub sijhawm ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab thaum ntxov.
Sab Hnub Tuaj Turks muaj kaum hom peb-bladed, xya hom tiaj tus, ob hom ntawm ob-bladed thiab ib hom lus qhia nrog plaub lub hniav-uas yog, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim. Western Turks thiab Turgeshes muaj rau hom peb-plaub thiab ib hom lus qhia tiaj. Thaj, lawv tsis xav tau ntxiv.
Cov taub hau hlau nrog lub taub hau sib npaug hauv ntu ntu kuj yog rau yam tsis tshua muaj neeg pom. Tej zaum lawv tau siv tshwj xeeb los thawb lub nplhaib ntawm cov xa ntawv. Ib lub taub hau zoo li no tau pom nyob hauv kev faus neeg Turkic ntawm thaj chaw ntawm East Kazakhstan.
Cov xub xub pom zoo ntawm Yenisei Kyrgyz: ob rab riam phom thiab ob rab phom tua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab yam tsis muaj cuab yeej thiab ntawm nees.
Qhov tseeb tias muaj pab pawg tseem ceeb thiab ntau yam kev ntaus cim ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov taub hau ntawm Western Turks thiab Turgeshes qhia txog kev nce lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tua tus yeeb ncuab hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. Qhov sib txawv tsuas yog tias muaj plaub hom tetrahedral xub xub xub pom nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Turks, thaum nyob sab hnub poob tsuas muaj ib qho xwb.
Cov pob txha taub hau uas yog rau Turks kuj tseem pom, txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj. Lawv cov plaub yog trihedral, 3 cm ntev, 1 cm dav, thiab 3 cm petiole ntev. Sab Hnub Tuaj Turks muaj pob txha taub hau ntawm peb hom.
Cov xub ntawm cov tub rog Turkic tau khaws cia hauv cov ntoo ntoo lossis cov ntoo ntoo. Sab Hnub Poob Turks tau ntuav nrog cov ntoo ntoo thiab hauv qab, thiab tau npog nrog cov ntoo tawv ntoo. Cov ntoo ntshiab huv kuj tau pom nyob hauv cov neeg Turkic qub nrog cov nees nyob hauv Tien Shan. Hauv qhov kev faus ntawm Besh-Tash-Koroo Kuv nyob rau hauv mound 15, cov ntoo tawv ntoo tawv ntoo nrog tus txais tau pom, uas tom qab ntawd nthuav mus rau hauv qab. Nws yog txog 80 cm ntev, tab sis hauv Besh-Tash-Koroo II hauv cov pob zeb 3, tus nplaim taws kuj tseem pom nrog tus ntoo txuas ntxiv txog 1 m ntev, hauv qab uas tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov hlaws dai.
Asian dos thiab nws cov khoom siv ntxiv:
1 - cov xub xub: a - cam khwb cia tooj dag nyob rau hauv hom Scythian lub sijhawm, b - hlau hlau txuas nrog xuav, c - txoj hauv kev txhim kho lub petiole hauv lub xub xub; 2 - Neeg Esxias hneev nrog txoj hlua nqes qis (a), nrog txoj hlua hneev taw (b) thiab thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws (c), xyoob hneev (d); 3 - cov hneev taw sib xyaw thiab nws cov qauv: a - ntu ntoo, b - ntu horn, c - xov braid, d - birch bark (bast) rau qhwv, e - tendons rau winding feem ntau nyuab siab, e - ntu ntawm hneev hauv ntu: lub raj kub hnyiab tau pom ua xim dub, ntoo yog xim dub, thiab tawv lossis tawv npog tau pom dawb; 4 - cov xib xub: a - cov xub ua plaub nrog lub hau ncaj, b - lub taub hau ntawm hom "barley nplej", c - tus ncej conical, d - txoj hlua sinews; 5 - cov nplhaib tiv thaiv ntawm cov hneev taw: a - tooj dag nrog cov ntawv sau hauv Farsi, b - tooj dag rau tus ntiv tes xoo ntawm sab tes xis, c - nyiaj, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kos duab; 6 - cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj hlua nruj: a - nrog lub nplhaib ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo ntawm sab tes laug, b - txheej txheem nrog ib tus ntiv tes, c - nrog ob, d - nrog peb, e - "Mediterranean" txoj kev ntawm txoj hlua hlua, e - Mongolian; 7 - birch bark quiver nrog cov pob txha zoo nkauj rau cov xib xub khaws nrog lawv cov lus qhia.
Vim li cas cov quivers nthuav nqes mus? Yog lawm, vim tias cov xub hauv cov quivers tau muab tso nrog lawv cov lus qhia, thiab cov plumage nyob hauv qab. Cov khoom siv ntxiv xws li siv txoj siv sia thiab cov nuv ntses nuv ntses kuj tau pom nyob hauv Türkic keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Tien Shan.
Ntawd yog, qhov kev txiav txim siab ua los ntawm tus kws sau cov npe tshawb fawb yog raws li hauv qab no: cov tub rog ntawm Turkic Kaganate yog cov tub rog tua hneev, thiab lawv tua cov yeeb ncuab ncaj qha los ntawm tus nees. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau tsim kho "kab lis kev cai ntawm hneev thiab xib xub", hneev uas zoo tshaj plaws hauv lawv cov qauv tsim thiab ntau yam, ua tib zoo tsim cov xub xub, suav nrog cov uas, nrog rau plumage, tso cai rau lawv tig hauv davhlau. Cov lus qhia yog ob qho cuab yeej-tho, tsim los kov yeej cov tub rog hauv cov ntawv xa, thiab dav-bladed, kom kov yeej tus yeeb ncuab nees. Lub qhov txhab dav ua nrog cov lus qhia ua rau cov ntshav poob ntau thiab ua rau cov tsiaj tsis muaj zog.
