Raws li qhov xwm txheej feem ntau, sai li sai tau thaum Remington phom pom lub teeb pom kev ntawm ib hnub, cov neeg ua raws tau tshwm sim: Lub Kaum Hli 17, 1865 TTS Laidley thiab S. A. Emery tau txais Patent # 54,743 rau ntsia liaj qhov rooj zoo ib yam li Joseph Ryder's, tab sis tsim los kom tsis txhob ua txhaum ntawm Ryder cov ntawv pov thawj. Xyoo 1870, Whitney lub tuam txhab caj npab hauv Connecticut yuav txoj cai rau Laidley-Emery patent thiab pib tsim riam phom rau qhov ntsia liaj qhov rooj, sib tw nrog Remington lub tuam txhab.
Lub 1864 carbine tau dhau los ua piv txwv riam phom thiab tau tsim tawm ntau xyoo. Nws tsuas yog kev txhim kho muaj qhov tseeb tias nws ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau hloov pauv txhua lub sijhawm rau txhua qhov kev txiav txim rau cov khoom sib dhos sib xws thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hloov pauv mus rau hauv nruab nrab cov cartridges.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws dhau los ua qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom, tsis muaj peb, tab sis plaub ntu, thiab tsis muab qhov zoo tiag tiag. Lub tuam txhab tsis tau tswj kom txaus siab rau tsoomfwv Meskas, thiab nws tau poob rau Remington hauv xeev kev sim phom loj hauv New York. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tuam txhab rab phom tau nrov nyob hauv Latin America, qhov uas lawv tau muab nkag rau hauv.43 ntsuas rau Spanish Remington lossis. 50-70 caliber tau siv hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Lawv tseem nyob hauv kev tsim khoom los ntawm 1871 txog rau thaum kawg ntawm 1881.
Tom qab tas sij hawm ntawm Remington-Ryder patents, Whitney lub tuam txhab tau pib luam cov Rmington ntsia liaj qhov rooj thaum qhib, thiab tag nrho tsim tawm los ntawm 50,000 txog 55,000 phom thiab carbines, txawm hais tias qhov no tseem tsis tau teev tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag txoj haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab xyoo 1888 txhua lub tuam txhab cov cuab tam tau los ntawm Winchester lub tuam txhab. Qhov laj thawj rau kev yuav khoom yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb: yog li, lwm tus neeg sib tw raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua lag luam, thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia tsis tuaj yeem poob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov muaj peev xwm sib tw.
Raws li rau pab tub rog ntawm Tebchaws Meskas nws tus kheej, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias rab phom Remington yeej tsis tau lees paub los ua nws lub cuab yeej ua rog thiab tsis tau nkag mus ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias … txawm hais tias nws tsis txhais tau dab tsi tiag!
Riam phom ntsia liaj qhov rooj rau nruab nrab kev sib ntaus.
Yog li, Remington carbine ("Naval carbine of 1867") hauv xyoo 1867 tau yuav los ntawm Asmeskas lub nkoj, uas muaj cov cuab yeej sib cais ua haujlwm los ntawm chav haujlwm av. Ua ntej, Tub Rog tau xaj 5000 carbines los ntawm lub tuam txhab, thiab tom qab ntawd tib tus naj npawb ntawm rab yaj phom nrog cov ntsia hlau thaiv. Tseeb tiag, rab phom tsis nrov npaum li carbines, vim tias lub sijhawm ntawd twb muaj lawm tus naj npawb ntawm rab phom zoo dua. Lawv tsis tau ua haujlwm ntev, thiab twb tau pib xyoo 1879, 4,000 carbines tau muag rau cov lag luam ntiag tug thiab yog li ntawd tau muag rau lub xeev.
Lub qhov rooj kaw, lub qhov rooj raug tso tawm.
Xyoo 1867, nyob rau qhov ntau ntawm 498 daim, lub nkoj tau xaj lub npe hu ua "phom tub rog" ntawm tib lub peev xwm ib yam li cov carbines rau cov tub rog ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tub rog. Xyoo 1870, ntxiv rau carbines, Navy tau xaj 10,000 M1870 Navy phom. Los ntawm tib 1870 txog 1872, peb qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm Reinton phom tau tsim rau Asmeskas pab tub rog los ntawm Springfield State Arsenal, tau txais daim ntawv tso cai rau qhov no los ntawm lub tuam txhab. Ua ntej, 1008 phom thiab 314 carbines tau tsim, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, twb yog 10001 phom. Rau dab tsi? Rau kev sim! Thiab lawv tau ua tiav nrawm heev, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom phom - 89,828 daim hauv xyoo 1872 ib leeg. Ntawm cov no, muaj 2595 qhov tsis raug, uas yog, 2.9% ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem nrhiav pom tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tua hluav taws ntawm Remington phom yog 21 (!) Ib puag ncig ib feeb, tiv thaiv 19 rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav Springfield ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab phom Pipody. Nws yuav zoo li qhov txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis lub tuam txhab, uas muaj txhua txoj cai rau tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj, tau thov tus nqi rau cov phom uas cov tub rog tsis pom zoo.
Phom phom nrog qhov pom yooj yim tshaj plaws. Cov no tuaj yeem muab rau Honduras, Chile, thiab Philippines …
Tib lub sijhawm, sai li sai tau qhov kev ntsuas tau paub, "cov neeg taug kev" los ntawm cov xeev tau pib los rau hauv lub tuam txhab kom xaj phom rau … Tus Saib Xyuas Hauv Tebchaws! Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1871, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Xeev New York tau xaj 15,000 rab phom phom rau. 50-70 rau Xeev Lub Tebchaws Saib Xyuas.
Phom phom tau hu ua New York State Model, ua raws los ntawm 1873 xaj rau 4,500 phom thiab 1,500 lub nplhaib-thiab-shackle eeb carbines. Tawm sab nraud, lawv tau txawv los ntawm "cov thoob xiav" (piv txwv li, cov hlau tsis zoo) thiab "ntu dawb", uas yog cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab rauj. Tom qab ntawd cov Remingtons tau txais los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm South Carolina (caliber.45-70), Texas, thiab twb nyob rau xyoo 1898 35 rab phom chambered rau 7x57 Mauser cartridge tau tsim rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm nkoj Niagara, uas tau xa mus rau Tebchaws Cuba (thiab tsuas yog lub sijhawm ntawd kev sib ntaus sib tua Spanish-Asmeskas tau pib) pab pawg neeg sau xov xwm rau New Yorker ntawv xov xwm, uas yog leej txiv ntawm cov xovxwm daj, William Hirst.
Remington M1866.50 rab phom rab phom tau muab muag dawb.
Tab sis yog tias Remington tsis muaj hmoo nrog Asmeskas, tom qab ntawd nyob hauv Europe nws cov phom tau txais tos nrog qhib caj npab. Nyob qhov twg? Yog, txhua qhov chaw! Piv txwv li, hauv tib lub tebchaws Austria-Hungary, qhov twg xyoo 1866 lub chaw ruaj khov ntawm Eduard Pajea hauv Vienna pib tsim cov phom loj rau 11, 2-mm caliber thiab nrog Scimitar bayonet ntawm Verdl system. Lub tebchaws tom ntej yog caj npab Mecca ntawm Tebchaws Europe - Belgium, qhov chaw Remington phom xyoo 1869 tau pib tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab … Nagant! Muaj tseeb, tsis yog rau koj tus kheej! Thiab rau lub zog nyob sib ze: 6100 phom me me rau Pope Tus Saib Xyuas (ntawm lub thoob "St. Peter cov yuam sij" raug tsoo tawm) ntxiv rau lwm 1700 carbines (1868); 5,000 cavalry carbines rau Netherlands thiab 2,250 carbines nrog bayonets rau tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog; 686 phom rau Grand Duchy ntawm Luxembourg; 15,000 rau Brazil; 6000 rau Greece. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd cov neeg Belgians tseem tsim cov suab nrov nyob hauv qab Mauser cartridge 7, 65x53 mm, thiab lawv, raws li lub npe M1910, tau siv hauv lawv tus kheej pab tub rog.
Tus rauj raug tsoo, ntsia liaj qhov rooj qhib.
Cov phom Danish M1867 / 96 siv 11, 35-mm nruab nrab cov tub rog sib ntaus. Hauv tag nrho, Denmark tau txais 31,500 phom me me thiab 7,040 cavalry carbines. Qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm Danish carbines yog ib phau ntawv xov xwm ntxiv hauv qab. Nws tuav 10 puag ncig thiab raug kaw los ntawm sab saud los ntawm lub hau hinged sawv cev rau sab ntug ntawm lub taub qab. Qhov no tau hu ua "engineering" qauv.
Hauv tebchaws Canada, Remington carbines tau tsim rau tub ceev xwm Montreal, muaj rab koob ntev ntev ncaj rab koob thiab. 43 caliber "Spanish model" cartridges. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias txoj kab ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tau tsau rau lawv los ntawm sab nraud nrog ib lub hau ntswj thiab ob lub phaj phaj.
Tus rauj raug tsoo, tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj raug kaw.
Raws li Fab Kis, lub teb chaws ntawm kev siv riam phom zoo li no, tom qab ntawd … txog thaum kawg ntawm Franco-Prussian tsov rog, nws tau txais los ntawm Remington tag nrho ntawm 393,442 phom thiab carbines ntawm txhua hom, thiab hauv qab sib txawv cartridges: Lavxias Berdan.42 caliber,.43 Egyptian, thiab.43 Spanish, vim thaum ua tsov rog, Fab Kis coj txhua yam uas lawv tuaj yeem tua tau. Ntawd yog, cov ntawv cog lus ntawm lwm lub tebchaws tau yuav los ntawm Fab Kis ntawm tus nqi nce, vim tias lawv tsis muaj txaus ntawm lawv tus kheej riam phom! Fab Kis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Saint-Etienne tau pib tsim cov Remington chambered rau 11 hli M / 78 Beaumont, tab sis vim li cas qhov no thiaj li ua tiav rau txhua tus kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis paub meej.
Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thib 1 tau pib, thiab Fabkis, uas muaj yim-rab phom Lebel rab chambered rau 8-mm cartridge, tau raug yuam kom xaj "txhaj tshuaj ib leeg" Remington rau cov tub rog. Qhov ntsuas tau yog tus qauv - 8 hli, tus qauv hu ua М1910 thiab tau muab rau Fab Kis xyoo 1914-1915. Chav nyob hauv Morocco, Algeria, thiab Fab Kis Indo-China tau ua tub rog nrog lawv.
Cov tub rog Fab Kis ntawm 22nd Tus Kws Tshaj Lij Ua Haujlwm hauv lawv lub tsho zoo nkauj xiav thiab tuav 8mm Remington phom loj. Xyoo 1915.
Lwm tus neeg yuav khoom loj ntawm Remington yog Tim Nkij teb chaws, uas tau xaj ntau tab sis tau txais tsuas yog 9202 phom. Thiab tom qab ntawd kev tsov rog Franco-Prussian tau pib, Fabkis tus kheej cov riam phom tsis txaus thiab nws tsoomfwv tau hais kom Reminton: yuav cov lus Greek ntawm $ 15 ib leeg ntawm $ 20! "Lub zog ua rau cov quav nyab!" Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg Greek tau npau taws heev uas lawv tsis tau xaj thib ob!
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws txog Reinton cov haujlwm yog nyob qhov twg? Zoo, tau kawg, hauv tebchaws Russia, qhov twg ntxiv … Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub tuam txhab "E. Remington thiab Cov Tub "txij thaum pib suav hais tias Russia yog cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm tseem ceeb, thiab sim qhib nws rau nws cov khoom, tab sis tsis hais nws nyuaj npaum li cas los xij, hmoov tsis tau los rau nws. Tab sis hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tuam txhab xyoo 1877 tau sau tseg tias "Karl Gunnius tau ua siab zoo rau ntawm Remington system thiab tsis nyiam phom Berdan." Nws kuj tseem tau xa daim ntawv mus rau Minister of War, General Milyutin, yaum kom nws qhia kev txaus siab rau rab phom Remington. Tab sis nws tau tawm tsam nws thiab sau ntawv hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg tias Russia tsis yog Papal States thiab tsis yog Egypt mus yuav cov tshuaj remingtons, thiab nws pom tias nws tsim nyog tshaj tawm qhov tseem ceeb rau Russia los tsim nws tus kheej riam phom.
Tos, tos, tab sis tsis yog nws tau sau hauv cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet uas nws yog Gorlov thiab Gunius uas "tau ua txoj hauv kev" rau Berdan rab phom mus rau Russia? Nov yog cov ntawv, uas kuv twb tsis nco qab qhov kuv coj nws mus, tab sis qhov tseeb tias nws tau luam tawm ntawm no yog qhov tsis ntseeg: "Hauv Russia, kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov txo qis dua 4, 2 kab tau tshwm sim xyoo 1868. Tsis ntev ua ntej qhov no, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tsov Rog tau xa cov tub ceev xwm A. Gorlov thiab K. Gunius mus rau Tebchaws Meskas. Lawv yuav tsum txheeb xyuas txhua qhov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej me me, … thiab xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tub rog Lavxias. Tom qab ua tib zoo kawm, Gorlov thiab Gunius xaiv rab phom tsim los ntawm Colonel ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog H. Berdan. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej xa nws mus rau hauv kev pabcuam thiab qhia nws rau kev tsim khoom loj, ob tus kws tshaj lij tau ua 25 qhov kev txhim kho rau kev tsim qauv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, rab phom tau hloov pauv ntau heev uas ua rau nws poob nws qhov zoo ib yam rau cov qauv, thiab cov neeg Asmeskas lawv tus kheej hu nws "Lavxias". Tom qab kev sim ua tiav, cov neeg Lavxias tau xaj tsawg kawg 30,000 phom los ntawm Colt cog hauv Hartford, uas tau siv los ua caj npab phom loj."
Tab sis qhov tseeb txhua yam tsis zoo li ntawd, lossis tsis yog li ntawd! Tib yam Gunnius, nws hloov tawm, tsis muaj kev khuv leej txhua tus nrog Hiram Berdan system, tab sis tau sim txhawb nqa rab phom Remington mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias! Thiab nws hloov tawm tias nws yog peb Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Tsov Rog thiab "tsarist satrap" Milyutin uas tau hais kom saws phom Berdan-2 nrog tus zawv zawg, thiab Gorlov thiab Gunnius thaum kawg tsuas yog ua qhov lawv tau xaj los saum toj no! Thiab tom qab tag nrho, tus kws tshaj lij txoj cai tau txiav txim siab! Vim tias Remington ntsia liaj qhov rooj, txawm hais tias nws tau zoo thiab yooj yim txaus, txawm li cas los xij muaj qhov tsis zoo - nws tsis haum rau txhim kho phau ntawv xov xwm rau nws, thaum cov ntawv xov xwm phom tau pib tshwm tuaj. Ntawd yog, peb Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Saib Xyuas Kev Tsov Rog tau dhau los ua qhov pom kev deb txawm tias tom qab ntawd nws nkag siab nws, thiab tsis yog txhua tus neeg hais plaub ruam, dab tsi tsarist cov thawj coj feem ntau tau piav qhia hauv lub sijhawm no! Qhov no paub li cas? Nov yog qhov uas nws los ntawm: los ntawm kev tshawb fawb los ntawm George Lauman, tus kws tshaj lij phom loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Remington, tus sau txoj kev tshawb fawb loj tshaj tawm xyoo 2010. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev tshawb pom no tsis muaj txoj hauv kev thov peb keeb kwm, yog li tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus los nrog nws, thiab cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam tseem raug khaws cia.
Cov neeg tawm tsam Filipino xyoo 1899 nrog Remington phom nyob hauv tes.
Nws twb tau sau tseg saum toj no tias thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, thaum lub hwj chim tsis muaj zog xav tau riam phom txaus ntshai, Fab Kis tau yuav cov phom Remington los ua phom rau nws cov tub rog thib ob, thiab lawv lub neej ua haujlwm tau dhau los ua qhov xav tsis thoob. Tab sis qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog cov phom ntawm "Remington" М1902 (uas yog, tso tawm xyoo 1902), thiab ua nyob rau hauv Lavxias daim cartridge 7, 62x54 mm, kuj tseem tau yuav los ntawm Russia, thiab txawm tias ua ntej, uas yog thaum lub sijhawm Lavxias- Japanese tsov rog! Nws nyuaj hais tias lawv tau siv lossis tsis yog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tab sis cov qauv ntawm tus kheej los ntawm cov khoom no tseem tshwm sim ntawm kev ua lag luam rau khaws riam phom. Tom qab ntawd, twb dhau los ntawm USSR, cov phom no yog vim li cas thiaj xa mus, koj xav tias nyob qhov twg? Txog Spain, xyoo 1936, ua tub rog pab rau cov Republicans. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 23350 phom tau xa thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1936, uas tau sau tseg hauv daim ntawv xa nyiaj raws li "cov phom qub txawv teb chaws." Thiab dab tsi "phom qub qub" tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm Russia? Tsuas yog remingtones, kuv pom. Los ntawm txoj kev, tom qab ntawd lawv raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg nyiam tebchaws thiab tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm kev ntes riam phom thaum Lub Yim Hli 1938! Nws tsis meej vim li cas Stalin ua li ntawd, "fusing" cov tub rog pov tseg rau cov Republicans. Ntawd yog, nws yog qhov tseeb tias ua li no qee lub tsev khaws khoom tau raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov qub, tab sis tseem siv tau cov riam phom feem ntau uas tau sau rau ntawd, thiab ntxiv rau, USSR tau txais kev them nyiaj rau lawv ua lus Mev kub. Tab sis nws puas yog qhov kev tshaj tawm zoo rau peb? Los yog, los ntawm qhov pib, nws tsis ntseeg qhov kev yeej ntawm Republicans, qhov twg cov thawj coj tseem tseem tsis yog Communists, tab sis Social Democrats uas tsis nyiam nws, leej twg paub?!
Tus kheej thiab tus tub ceev xwm ntawm Philippine Republican Army. Hauv txhais tes ntawm tus kheej, Remington carbine.
Raws li Spain nws tus kheej, xyoo 1868 Remington, Peabody thiab Chaspo phom ntev tau sim nyob ntawd. Remington yeej, thiab Spaniards tau xaj 10,000 phom nyob rau Spanish.43 caliber. Qhov no tau ua raws daim ntawv cog lus thib ob rau 50,000 thiab qhov thib peb rau 30,000 phom nyob rau xyoo 1873. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev txiav txim zaum thib peb tau txais ib txhij nrog qhov thib ob vim yog "kev ua lag luam" ntawm kev swb Fab Kis! Zoo, tom qab ntawd cov neeg Spanish lawv tus kheej tau tsim cov khoom siv remingtones raws li daim ntawv tso cai thiab muag lawv cov khoom lag luam rau Latin America lub tebchaws.
Remington M1867 phom thiab M1870 carbines tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog ntawm Sweden, Norway thiab Switzerland. Feem ntau, cov npe ntawm cov tebchaws uas muaj Remington phom loj hauv lawv cov arsenals yog qhov dav heev. Ntawm lawv: Egypt thiab Sudan, Ethiopia thiab Morocco, Persia, Turkey, Yemen, Israel (!), Qhov uas lawv tau siv xyoo 1948, tom qab ntawd Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Honduras, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba thiab Puerto -Rico, Dominican koom pheej, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fab Kis Guiana, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela, Cambodia, Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv Pooj, Philippines thiab txawm tias New Zealand!
Zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau poob mus rau qhov tsis nco qab. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom txuas lub khw muag khoom, txawm hais tias lub kaw lus nws tus kheej yog qhov zoo tag nrho!
