Lub teb chaws Yelemees cov tub rog swb xyoo 1944 ua rau Hitlerite sib koom ua ke. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 23, muaj kev tawm tsam hauv Romania, Antonescu raug ntes. Vaj Ntxwv Mihai Kuv tshaj tawm qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog tawm tsam USSR. Tom qab ntawd, cov tub rog Romanian tau koom nrog hauv kev ua rog nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 8-9, cov neeg tawm tsam thiab lawv cov neeg txhawb nqa kev tawm tsam hauv Bulgaria. Tsoomfwv pro-Nazi tau poob thiab tsoomfwv Fatherland Front tau tsim, coj los ntawm Kimon Georgiev. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 28, 1944, tau kos npe rau kev ua rog nyob rau hauv Moscow ntawm Bulgaria thiab Soviet Union. Cov tub rog Bulgarian koom nrog kev tawm tsam Wehrmacht hauv Yugoslavia, Hungary thiab Austria. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 19, 1944, Moscow tau ua siab ntev tau kos npe ntawm Finland, USSR thiab Askiv hauv Moscow. Helsinki tau cog lus tias yuav pib ua kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov tub rog German hauv Finland.
Yog li, tsuas yog Hungary tseem nyob ntawm sab Peb Reich, nrog rau kev tswj hwm cov menyuam roj hmab ntawm Slovakia, Croatia thiab Serbia. Tseeb tiag, kev coj noj coj ua hauv Hungarian kuj qhia tsis muaj zog. Raws li cov tub rog Soviet tuaj txog ciam teb Hungarian, tus kav (tus thawj tswj hwm) ntawm Hungary lub tebchaws Miklos Horthy tau tshem tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj German thaum lub Yim Hli 1944 thiab thaum Lub Kaum Hli 15 tshaj tawm kev ua rog nrog USSR. Txawm li cas los xij, Hungary, tsis zoo li Romania, ua tsis tau tawm ntawm Hitlerite kev sib koom tes. Berlin-thim rov qab coup d'état tau tshwm sim hauv Hungarian lub peev, thiab Horthy tus tub tau raug nyiag thiab coj mus ua tub rog. Nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab los ntawm Hitler, tus tswj hwm Horthy raug yuam kom hloov lub zog rau tus thawj coj ntawm Nazi pro-German Arrow Cross Party, Ferenc Salasi, thiab tsiv mus rau Tebchaws Yelemees. Hungary tseem yog phooj ywg ntawm Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab nws thaj chaw tau dhau los ua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav.
Qhov pib ntawm kev dim ntawm Czechoslovakia. Slovak uprising
Kev yeej uas cov tub rog Soviet tau yeej hauv Jassy-Kishinev kev ua haujlwm (Seventh Stalinist tawm tsam: Jassy-Kishinev Cannes), kev dim ntawm Romania thiab Bulgaria los ntawm cov tub rog German tau hloov pauv qhov kev ua tub rog-txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Balkan Peninsula. Lub tswv yim ua ntej ntawm pab tub rog German tau tawg mus rau ntau pua mais, Red Army tau nce mus rau sab qab teb hnub poob mus txog 750 km. Cov pab pawg German "South Ukraine" tsis muaj nyob. Cov pab pawg Carpathian ntawm Wehrmacht tau npog zoo los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet. Hauv Hiav Txwv Dub, Soviet lub nkoj tau txais kev ua tiav.
Cov tub rog Soviet tuaj ze rau ciam teb ntawm Hungary, Slovakia thiab Yugoslavia. Qhov xwm txheej zoo tau tsim rau kev tso Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia thiab Hungary. Nws yog txhua yam muaj zog ntau dua vim tias, vim qhov ua tiav ntawm Pab Pawg Liab, Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam hauv cov tebchaws no tau ua rau muaj zog ntau ntxiv. Yog li, hauv Czechoslovakia, kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, txawm hais tias muaj ntshav txaus ntshai thiab kev nruj kev tsiv ntawm Nazis, loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv Slovakia.
Slovakia nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog "xeev ywj pheej", uas tau coj los ntawm tsoomfwv tus menyuam roj hmab coj los ntawm Josef Tiso. Cov tub rog Slovak tau koom nrog hauv kev ua rog nrog USSR txij lub Rau Hli 22, 1941. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau raug sau tseg rau lawv cov kev tawm tsam tsis zoo thiab tau siv ntau dua los tawm tsam cov neeg koom nrog. Tom qab ntawd, pawg Slovak tau raug kev txom nyem hnyav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab qab teb cov tswv yim. Ntau pua tus tub rog tau hla mus rau ntawm Pab Pawg Liab (ntau ntawm lawv tau koom nrog hauv Kev Tsim Thawj Pawg Czechoslovak Brigade ua ib feem ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Liab), lwm tus koom nrog pab pawg sib cais. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, German cov lus txib tau xa cov seem ntawm cov tub rog Slovak uas raug rhuav tshem mus rau Ltalis, Romania thiab Hungary, uas lawv tau siv los ua tus tsim. Ib qho ntxiv, Cov tub rog Slovak pib siv nws los ua kab tiv thaiv hauv Beskydy (cov kab ke ntawm cov roob nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub poob ntawm Carpathians).
Thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau poob kev ua tsov rog, Slovakia pib xav txog yuav ua li cas thiaj tawm ntawm kev ua tsov rog nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ua rau poob. Kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam tau nthuav dav. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1944, pab pawg ua rog, riam phom, mos txwv, tshuaj thiab lwm yam khoom tau pib pauv los ntawm USSR mus rau Slovakia. Hauv Slovakia, cov pab pawg loj tau pib tsim, uas suav nrog Slovaks, nrog rau pab pawg Soviet, pawg thiab pawg tub rog, uas tau pauv los ntawm sab nraud. Yog li, hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Xya Hli 25, 1944, ib pab pawg nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Tus Thawj Tub Rog Loj Pyotr Alekseevich Velichko tau poob hauv Kantor Valley ze Ruzomberk. Nws tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau 1st Slovak Partisan Brigade. M. R. Stefanik. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 53 pawg koom haum tau pauv mus rau Slovakia thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog.
Cov tub rog Slovak tau muab siab npuab rau pab pawg. Yog li, thaum Lub Yim Hli 9, 1944, cov tub rog Slovak tau txais kev xaj kom pib ua tub rog tawm tsam cov neeg koom nrog hauv Tsov Rog Qaum Qaum. Tab sis cov tub rog tau ceeb toom rau cov tog neeg thiab tsis kam tawm tsam lawv. Cov neeg koom nrog pib ua haujlwm qhib rau hauv ntau qhov kev sib hais haum. Hauv nroog Martin, lawv tau faib riam phom thiab sau npe ua haujlwm pab dawb hauv lawv qib.
Yuav luag tib lub sijhawm, kev tawm tsam tau pib los ntawm kev tsim ntawm pab tub rog Slovak. Tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog hauv av ntawm Slovakia Jan Golian tau npaj phiaj xwm rau kev tawm tsam, uas tau pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv Czechoslovak hauv kev ntiab tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawm tsam tau pib ntxov dua li nws tau npaj tseg. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 27, cov neeg koom nrog coj Ruzomberok. Cov tub rog ntxeev siab Slovak tau tua 22 tus tub ceev xwm German uas tau hla los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, uas tsis kam tso tseg. Nws yog tub rog German lub hom phiaj uas tau rov qab los ntawm Romania mus rau Tebchaws Yelemees. Hauv kev teb, Cov tub rog German tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm Slovakia. Lawv kuj muaj qhov laj thawj raug cai. Rov qab rau Lub Yim Hli 23, tsoomfwv Tiso tau nug Hitler kom pab tawm tsam cov neeg sab nrauv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tub rog tseem ceeb raug xa mus rau kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam - txog 30 txhiab tus tub rog, suav nrog Tatra tank faib.
Thaum Lub Yim Hli 29, Golian tau hais kom pib kev tawm tsam. Cov tub rog hu ua tau hla mus rau ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam. Cov Tub Rog Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj, uas tau pib tsim los txuas nrog txoj hauv kev ntawm Pab Pawg Liab mus rau ciam teb ntawm Slovakia. Lub nroog Banska Bystrica dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev tawm tsam Slovak. Txog lub Cuaj Hlis 5, pab tub rog ntxeev siab muaj txog 78 txhiab tus tub rog thiab cov neeg koom tes, ua tub rog nrog 28 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej, 200 phom thiab 34 lub dav hlau.
Txawm li cas los xij, Wehrmacht tam sim ntawd thaiv Dukel Pass, los ntawm qhov uas Red Army xav kom tuaj cawm. Ua kom zoo dua qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tub rog thiab riam phom, Wehrmacht, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Slovak chav nyob uas tseem muaj kev ntseeg siab rau Tiso tsoomfwv, pib tawm tsam cov neeg tawm tsam. Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub tebchaws, cov tub rog Slovak tsis tau tawm tsam cov neeg German. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 27, 1944, Cov Neeg German tau coj Banska Bystrica thiab cov neeg ntxeev siab tau hla mus rau kev ua haujlwm ib tog, xaus kev tawm tsam.
Cov neeg ntxeev siab Slovak
Kev ua haujlwm East Carpathian
Kev quab yuam ntawm ob tog. Thaum nrhiav cov tub rog German tom qab ua tiav ntawm Lvov-Sandomierz kev ua haujlwm (Lvov-Sandomierz kev ua haujlwm), cov tub rog ntawm sab laug tis ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau hais kom Marshal ntawm Soviet Union Ivan Konev thiab 4th Ukrainian Pem hauv ntej cov lus txib ntawm Colonel-General Ivan Petrov tau mus txog ntawm cov roob ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Carpathians … Hauv kev tawm tsam ntxiv hauv qhov kev taw qhia no, 38th Army ntawm K. S. Moskalenko, 1st Guards Cavalry Corps ntawm V. K. Baranov, 25th Tank Corps ntawm E. I. Fomin thiab 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps ntawm L. Svoboda (sab laug tis ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej). Los ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej, cov hauv qab no tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm: AA Grechko's 1st Guards Army, EP Zhuravlev's 18th Army thiab 17th Guards Rifle Corps. Ob peb hnub ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau txhawb nqa los ntawm 3rd Rifle Rifle Corps. Cov neeg tua phom tau ntsib kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv roob Caucasus thiab Crimea, thiab muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Cov kev tawm tsam suav nrog 246 txhiab tus neeg (thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntau qhov kev tsim loj tau raug pov rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab cov tub rog tau nce mus rau 378 txhiab tus tib neeg), ntau dua 5 txhiab rab phom thiab phom, 322 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom rau tus kheej, 1165 kev sib ntaus dav hlau.
Cov tub rog Soviet tau tawm tsam los ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Heinrici. Nws suav nrog 1st Panzer Army raws li cov lus txib ntawm Gotthard Heinrici thiab ib feem ntawm 1st Pawg Tub Rog Hungarian. Pawg tub rog German suav txog 300 txhiab tus tib neeg, 3250 phom, 100 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom rau tus kheej, 450 lub dav hlau. Cov tub rog German thiab Hungarian tso siab rau kev tiv thaiv muaj zog hauv qhov tob (txog 60 km) hauv thaj chaw roob, qhov kev kov yeej uas yuav tsum tau npaj ntev thiab ua tib zoo.
Kev npaj ua haujlwm. Thaum xub thawj, Lub Hauv Paus Soviet tsis npaj yuav cua daj cua dub rau cov yeeb ncuab muaj zog nyob rau sab Hnub Tuaj Carpathians. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 26, Stavka tau qhia rau 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej kom hla mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab ncua ncua qhov kev npaj ua phem yav dhau los. Hauv kev txuas nrog kev txav mus los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej mus rau tom qab ntawm Carpathian pab pawg ntawm Wehrmacht, nws tau dhau los ua kev ywj pheej ntawm Slovakia yam tsis muaj cua daj cua dub tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Carpathians, siv kev ncig ua si los ntawm sab qab teb.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev uas USSR yuav tsum tau muab kev pab rau Slovak kev tawm tsam hauv tebchaws. Rov qab rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1943, Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Soviet-Czechoslovak ntawm Kev Phooj Ywg thiab Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam tau kos npe hauv Kremlin. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 31, 1944, Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Czechoslovak rau Moscow, Fierlinger, tau thov rau tsoomfwv Soviet los pab kev tawm tsam hauv Slovakia. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias tag nrho cov teeb meem hauv kev kov yeej Carpathians nrog cov tub rog nkees, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Soviet thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 2 tau xaj kom ua haujlwm East Carpathian. Kev txiav txim siab txog kev nom tswv tau dhau los ua qhov siab dua qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kev ua phem.
Lawv txiav txim siab los tua qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm 1st thiab 4th Ukrainian fronts. Lub tshuab tseem ceeb tau xa los ntawm Krosno thiab Sanok cheeb tsam los ntawm Duklinsky thiab Lupkovsky hla thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau Presov. Cov tub rog Soviet tau nkag mus rau Slovakia thiab koom nrog Slovak rog. Moskalenko's 38th Army, ntxiv dag zog los ntawm Czechoslovakian, lub tank thiab cov tub rog tub rog, xav tias yuav tawg los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv ntawm 8-kilometer ncab hauv Krosno cheeb tsam. Grechko's 1st Guards Army, ntxiv dag zog los ntawm ntau lub tank, tsim cov phom loj thiab cov tub rog phom loj, yog txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv German hauv cheeb tsam Sanok. Ib qho ntxiv, yav tom ntej, cov tub rog ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam hauv Uzhgorod, Mukachev thiab Rakhov cov lus qhia.
Yog li, Kev Ua Haujlwm Sab Hnub Poob Carpathian muaj ob txoj haujlwm ua ntej: Carpathian-Duklinsky ua haujlwm, uas tau ua los ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej thiab Carpathian-Uzhgorod ua haujlwm nyob rau thaj tsam kev ua phem ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej.
Muab qhov xwm txheej hnyav, tsuas yog ob peb hnub tau siv rau kev npaj. Txij lub sijhawm ntawd, USSR pib pab tub rog loj rau cov neeg ntxeev siab. Los ntawm Ukrainian lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm pab pawg txav mus los, 15 pawg koom ua ke (ntau dua 200 tus neeg) raug xa los ntawm huab cua. Lawv pib thauj riam phom, mos txwv thiab lwm yam cuab yeej ua tub rog los ntawm dav hlau. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 17, 1944, 1st cais ntawm Czechoslovak fighter aviation regiment (20 lub dav hlau) tau xa mus rau Slovakia, thiab thaum pib lub Kaum Hli - thib ob cais Czechoslovak pawg tub rog.
Kev kov yeej sai sai ntawm cov tub rog Soviet hla roob tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov tub rog Czechoslovak tau thov kom tswj hwm Carpathian hla. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb tias cov ntawv hla hauv German txhais tes. Cov neeg ntxeev siab tau txiav tawm hauv Central Slovakia, uas tsis yooj yim sua rau cov tub rog Soviet mus txog sai. Yog li, Soviet cov lus txib yuav tsum txiav txim siab ua haujlwm uas muaj kev phom sij-cov tub rog yuav tsum kov yeej 50-60 km mus rau Carpathians, tom qab ntawd siv lub zog muaj zog thiab hla tsis dhau cua daj cua dub.
Ua txhaum
Kev tawm tsam Soviet tau pib thaum kaj ntug ntawm 8 Cuaj hlis. Shtemenko S. M. hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm Hauv Xyoo Tsov Rog" tau sau tseg tias kev tawm tsam yuav tsum tau pib thaum huab cua tsis zoo. Los nag, txoj kev ntxuav tawm thiab tsis pom kev zoo ua rau nyuaj ua ntej. Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog thib 2 thiab 8 tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog Soviet muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov yeeb ncuab ntawm txoj hauv kev mus rau lub roob siab ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Carpathians. Tab sis cov neeg German tseem ua txuj ci thiab txiav txim siab. Cov lus txib German, tso siab rau txoj haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig hauv thaj chaw roob thiab hav zoov, nrhiav kev kaw txoj hauv kev rau cov tub rog Soviet mus rau Slovakia thiab Transylvania. Cov tub rog Slovak hauv qhov kev taw qhia no, uas txhawb cov neeg tawm tsam, tau raug tshem tawm sai. Cov lus txib German tau tswj kom thim cov rog loj rau txhua txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb, khaws cov hla thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav ntawm qhov tob. Raws li cov tub rog Soviet tau nce mus rau qhov hla, kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog German tau nce zuj zus. Txog thaum ib nrab Lub Cuaj Hli, Cov tub rog Soviet nkag mus rau cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv tsuas yog 12-23 km. Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov haujlwm tau npaj rau qhov tob ntawm 90-95 km thiab ntev li 5 hnub.
Tag nrho cov nyom ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog tus yam ntxwv puag ncig ntawm Baranov cov tub rog. Thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 10-11, cov tub rog Soviet tsoo hla thawj kab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv thiab hauv qhov nqaim ntawm 1.5-2 km-kab thib ob. Qhov kev txiav txim siab txiav txim siab pov tseg 1st Guards Cavalry Corps rau hauv qhov sib txawv nqaim no. Thaum tsaus ntuj, cov tub rog tau ua rau tus yeeb ncuab sab nraub qaum. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 14, Cov tub rog German kaw qhov sib txawv. Txhua qhov kev sim rov txhim kho kev sib cuag nrog Baranov lub cev tsis ua tiav. Cov tub rog caij nees tau nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej nyuaj - cov khoom me me ntawm cov mos txwv tuaj txog qhov kawg, lawv tsis muaj zaub mov thiab khoom noj. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau teeb tsa los ntawm huab cua. Cov nees tau nkees nkees, cov tub rog poob kev txav chaw hauv roob. Cov tub rog German maj mam nyem lub suab nrov nyob ib puag ncig cov neeg tiv thaiv. Txhawm rau pab tua cov tub rog, Poluboyarov's 4th Guards Tank Corps thiab Grigoriev's 31st Tank Corps tau qhia kom mus rau tom qab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab Duklinsky pawg.
Cov tub rog ntawm Moskalenko thiab Grechko cia li zom ntawm cov yeeb ncuab kab. Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau mob hnyav. Cov lus txib German tau rub mus rau thaj chaw txaus ntshai, cov tub rog ntxiv thiab khoom siv, khaws tseg. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim thaum cov tub rog German nyob rau thaj tsam uas tau pib ua ntej dhau los ntawm Soviet kev tsim hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej 2 zaug. Cov lus hais hauv German tau tsim cov pab pawg muaj zog hauv txoj kev phom sij, hloov mus txog 5 qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov tub rog nyob ntawm no, uas tau thim tawm los ntawm cov chaw uas nyob ntsiag to. Cov lus txib hauv Soviet yuav tsum tau ntxiv ob lub tank tso rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev qhia txog lub zog tshiab rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv nws txoj kev nyiam ntawm pab tub rog Soviet.
Txhawm rau txwv tsis pub cov yeeb ncuab ntawm txoj hauv kev ywj pheej hloov pauv cov tub rog los ntawm ib feem ntawm sab xub ntiag mus rau lwm qhov, thiab yog li txo txoj haujlwm ntawm pab pawg poob siab, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 18 lawv tau txais kev txiav txim siab mus rau qhov kev ua phem ntawm cov pawg ntawm 18th Cov tub rog thiab 17th Tus Saib Xyuas Rifle Corps ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov dav dav ntawm kev tawm tsam nthuav mus rau 400 km.
Zhuravlev 18 tus tub rog, siv kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv cov haujlwm thib ob thiab siv kev sib sib zog nqus hla kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab cov ntsiab lus muaj zog, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 18 tau muaj peev xwm kov yeej Main Carpathian ridge. Cov tub rog Soviet tau ntes Lavxias, Uzhoksky, Veretsky, Yablunitsky thiab lwm yam hla thiab txuas ntxiv lawv cov kev tawm tsam mus rau sab qab teb hnub poob thiab sab qab teb ntawm txoj kab sab hnub tuaj ntawm Carpathians. Zhuravlev cov tub rog pib tsim kev tawm tsam Uzhgorod thiab Mukachevo. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm sab xub ntiag, 17th Tus Saib Xyuas Rifle Corps tau nce qib los ntawm thaj chaw Delyatin mus rau Yasin.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov tub rog ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej (40th Army) thaum lub sijhawm Debrecen tau ua haujlwm nyob rau ib feem ntawm Hungarian Plain uas nyob ib sab rau Carpathians. Yog, thiab tsis muaj lub zog los tawm tsam, 1st pab tub rog Hungarian yeej yuav luag tag. Rau pab tub rog pab pawg "Heinrici" tau muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm sab qab teb hnub poob thiab kev ncig. Raws li qhov kev hem thawj no, pab tub rog German-Hungarian pib thim rov qab.
Tus thawj coj ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej, Petrov, tau tswj hwm kom ua raws li kev tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab rog. Cov tub rog Soviet, tsoo tus yeeb ncuab tus tiv thaiv tom qab, ntes lub nroog Rakiv thaum Lub Kaum Hli 16, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Hli 18, koom tes nrog cov tub rog 40th ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej, ntes lub nroog Siget. Cov tub rog ntawm 4th Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tsoo hla mus rau hauv hav ntawm Tisza River thiab pib tsim kho sai sai tawm tsam lub nroog Chop. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 26, Mukachev raug coj mus, Lub Kaum Hli 27 - Uzhgorod thiab Lub Kaum Hli 29 - Chop. Kev tawm tsam ntxiv ntawm pab tub rog 18th thiab 17th Guards Rifle Corps tau nres ntawm Chop-Snin kab. Cov tub rog tau nkees nkees, kev tawm tsam Slovak tau swb, thiab German cov lus txib tau siv cov tub rog tshiab thiab nqa tawm ntau qhov kev tawm tsam.
Ntawm sab xis ntawm Soviet pem hauv ntej, txhua yam tsis zoo. Kev ua ntawm 38th thiab 1st Guards armies tsis tau ua tiav. Lawv txuas ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab muaj zog. Nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej los ntawm kev qhia txog ob lub xov tooj tshiab tsim rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua: 4th Guards Tank Corps ntawm PP Poluboyarov thiab 31st Tank Corps ntawm V. E. Grigoriev. Tsuas yog qhov kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli, cov tub rog tau nce mus txog Main Carpathian ridge. Cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog 38 tau ntes Dukel Pass thiab nkag mus rau Czechoslovakia. Chav nyob ntawm Pab Pawg Tiv Thaiv 1 tau tsoo los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Lupkovsky Pass thiab tseem mus txog ciam teb Czechoslovak. Rov ua dua qhov kev sim ua ntej mus ntxiv tsis ua tiav. Txog thaum kawg Lub Kaum Hli, Cov tub rog Soviet thiab Czechoslovak tau tawm tsam tawv ncauj nrog cov yeeb ncuab, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tsoo nws txoj kev tiv thaiv. Cov neeg German tau txhawb nqa ntxiv thiab tas li pib tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Qhov kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli, ob lub tebchaws Soviet tau hla mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv.
Tus Thawj Coj ntawm 1st Guards Army A. A. Grechko (thib ob los ntawm txoj cai) nrog cov tub ceev xwm ntawm pab tub rog lub hauv paus chaw nyob ntawm kab Arpad. Carpathians. Lub Kaum Hli 1944
Cov txiaj ntsig
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis tiav. Qhov kev tawm tsam Slovak tsis tuaj yeem pab tau. Cov tub rog German tsoo qhov kev tawm tsam ncaj qha ntawm Slovak rog thiab ntes cov thawj coj ntawm kev tawm tsam. Cov seem ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam tau hla mus rau kev ua haujlwm ib feem. Lawv tawm tsam kom txog thaum kev tso dim ntawm Czechoslovakia los ntawm Red Army. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias qhov tseeb qhov no yog qhov kawg yeej ntawm Wehrmacht hla cov tub rog ntawm lwm lub xeev. Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua yuam kev ntawm Czechoslovak kev ua tub rog-kev coj noj coj ua, uas tau ua rau nws lub zog muaj zog, tsis suav nrog lub zog thiab nrawm ntawm Wehrmacht. Cov Slovaks tau maj nrawm. Tsoomfwv Czechoslovak hauv London tau maj nrawm los tsim nws tus kheej hauv Czechoslovakia, tab sis nws suav tsis raug.
Raws li Konev tau sau tseg hauv nws phau ntawv sau cia, "hais los ntawm kev txiav txim siab kev nom tswv, ua lub npe txhawb nqa kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug hauv tebchaws ntawm cov neeg Slovak, txoj haujlwm no raug nqi ntau rau peb, txawm hais tias nws tau qhia peb ntau heev." Cov tub rog Soviet poob hauv txoj haujlwm no ntau dua 130 txhiab tus neeg (kwv yees li 27 txhiab tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem kho tau). German-Hungarian poob yog kwv yees li ntawm 90 txhiab tus neeg.
Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Pab pawg pab pawg "Heinrici" raug kev txom nyem loj, raug yuam kom thim rov qab, tau poob txoj kab kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb. Cov tub rog Hungarian thib 1 tau swb lawm. Cov tub rog Soviet tau tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tseem ceeb - Sab Hnub Tuaj Carpathians, tau dim Transcarpathian Ukraine, ib feem ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slovakia. Cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim rau kev tshem tawm ntawm Czechoslovakia ntxiv, sab qaum teb tau muab rau Soviet kev tawm tsam ntawm Budapest.
Monument ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Duklinsky hla
