Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau

Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau
Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau

Video: Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau

Video: Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau
Video: 10 lub nkoj thauj dav hlau loj hauv qab ntuj / Top biggest aircraft carrier (Hmong version) 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Duab
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Lub npe nrov tshaj plaws "lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub raj", tau kawg, qhov no - lub kaus mom hlau ntawm tus Vaj Ntxwv Askiv Henry VIII, uas txij li xyoo 1994 tau nthuav tawm ntawm Royal Arsenal hauv Leeds.

Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau
Cov kaus mom kim tshaj plaws. Tshooj xya. Horned kaus mom hlau

Stele ntawm King Naram-Sin ntawm XXIII xyoo pua. BC NS. Akkad. Pink limestone, bas-nyem. Qhov siab 2 m, dav 1.05 m. (Louvre, Paris)

Txhawm rau pib nrog, cov duab ntawm tus tub rog nyob hauv lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub raj tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub hauv paus-nyem ntawm Naram Sin los ntawm Louvre, uas piav qhia tias nws swb qee tus lullubi li cas. Ntawm nws, lub kaus mom hlau tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub suab, thiab tus yam ntxwv zoo heev. Tom qab ntawd peb paub txog ob daim duab tooj dag uas tau yos rov qab rau xyoo pua 12th BC. e., uas tau pom hauv Cyprus thaum kev khawb ntawm Enkomi. Lawv piav txog cov tub rog (lossis tsawg kawg ib tus piav qhia tus tub rog) hauv lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub suab raj.

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"Horned God of Enkomi" (Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological hauv Nicosia).

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Qhov thib ob (lossis thawj?) Statuette los ntawm Enkomi.

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Ob lub kaus mom hlau tooj liab rov los txog rau 1100-900 BC tau pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm ntuj nyob ze lub nroog Vexo hauv tebchaws Denmark xyoo 1942. Tab sis cov no yog qhov tsis pom kev tiv thaiv lub kaus mom hlau, tab sis kev ua kab ke, thiab lawv tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog Vikings (thiab txawm tias Celts!). (National Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Denmark, Copenhagen)

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Celtic tooj liab lub kaus mom hlau-lub npe hu ua "Waterloo lub kaus mom hlau" (150-50 BC), pom nyob hauv qab ntawm Thames hauv plawv nroog London ze ntawm Waterloo Choj xyoo 1868. Lub kaus mom hlau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau nyias nyias (tooj dag) thiab, feem ntau yuav yog lub taub hau ua kab ke.

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Cov tub rog Celtic liab qab hauv lub kaus mom hlau. 3rd xyoo pua BC Qhov kev tshawb pom tau ua nyob rau sab qaum teb Ltalis. (Tsev khaws puav pheej Berlin)

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Huv tuaj yeem pom ua kev kho kom zoo nkauj txawm tias nyob hauv lub kaus mom hlau ntawm cov neeg Greek thaum ub.

Cov duab ntawm ib tug tub rog nyob rau hauv lub kaus mom hlau yog nyob rau ntawm "cauldron los ntawm Gundestrup" - lub nkoj nyiaj txiag ntawm La Tene kab lis kev cai (kwv yees li 100 BC), pom hauv Denmark (North Jutland) hauv peat bog ze lub zos Gundestrup xyoo 1891. Thiab qhov no tau hais meej Celtic ua haujlwm. Yog li nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tias nws yog ntawm Celts uas "lub kaus mom hlau" tau siv, tab sis tseem tsis yog tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv cov tub rog kev coj noj coj ua.

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Nov yog - daim duab ntawm lub rhaub dej los ntawm Gundestrup. Plate S. (National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen)

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Lub npe nees nees lub hauv pliaj nrog lub suab raj tseem yog koom nrog Celtic kab lis kev cai. (Royal Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Scotland, Edinburgh)

Lub kaus mom hlau ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, uas zoo li lub puab tsaig tiaj tus ua los ntawm cov hlau hlau, tau dai ntau lub kaus mom hlau ntawm Japanese samurai, tab sis lawv tau nyob saum lub visor. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub raj mis dej loj loj, txhawb ntxiv, raws li nws yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm ob sab. Xws li "lub kaus mom hlau kaus mom" feem ntau hnav los ntawm cov thawj coj yeej.

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Cov duab ntawm samurai hauv cov kaus mom hlau, nrog rau cov kaus mom hlau lawv tus kheej, tau muaj txoj sia nyob zoo, tsuas yog ntau. Qhov no, piv txwv li, yog daim duab ntawm samurai hnav lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub tshuab raj tshuab raj hauv Asmeskas Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Congress, Luam Ntawv thiab Duab Duab.

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Thiab ntawm no yog ib qho ntawm lub kaus mom Nyij Pooj ntawm hom suji-kabuto, XVIII caug xyoo. Tooj liab, kub, lacquer, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntoo. Nyhav 3041.9 g. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

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Cov tub rog Indo-Persian kuj tseem hnav lub kaus mom hlau lossis kaus mom. Lub kaus mom hlau nyob ntawm koj xub ntiag yog qhov khoom pov thawj ntawm Xeev Hermitage Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv St. Petersburg. (Duab los ntawm N. Mikhailov)

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Nws tau paub txog nws tias qhov no yog lub kaus mom hlau hu ua kukhakh hud, los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Hlau, tooj liab; forging, kub thais. Lub raj, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tau txuas nrog hauv txoj hauv kev uas nws yuav nyuaj rau xa qhov muaj zog cuam tshuam rau lawv. (Duab los ntawm N. Mikhailov)

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Muaj qhov pom tseeb ntau ntawm cov kaus mom hlau zoo li no. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau ntawm lawv hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Lub kaus mom hlau los ntawm Central Museum hauv Jaipur, Is Nrias teb.

Zoo, qhov tseeb tias hauv kev coj noj coj ua zoo Vikings tau piav qhia hauv lub kaus mom hlau tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob. Lub tswv yim no tau tshwm sim ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic, vim nws yog nws uas yog tus muab khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Vikings. Cov pov thawj thiab cov pov thawj tshaj tawm lawv "cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm dab ntxwg nyoog", piav qhia lawv "kev lim hiam phem", "kev lim hiam phem" - hauv ib lo lus, lawv tsim cov duab tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm kev ntseeg Christian. Thiab tom qab ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 1820, tus kws kos duab Swedish Lub Yim Hli Malmström pleev xim rau lub raj mis ntawm Viking hauv cov duab piav qhia rau zaj paj huam "Tus Fridtjof Saga" los ntawm Swedish kws sau paj huam Esaias Tegner. Phau ntawv no tau luam tawm ntau zaus, thiab ua ntau yam lus, thiab zaj dab neeg no tau maj mam nthuav tawm. Hauv tebchaws Ntsaws Mes Nis, piv txwv li, tus kws kos duab Karl Doppler tau siv cov duab no kom raug thaum nws tsim khaub ncaws rau Wagner ua yeeb yam "Lub Nplhaib ntawm Nibelungen".

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Ntoo vaj huam sib luag piav qhia txog Viking hnav lub kaus mom hlau los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Setesdal, Norway (xyoo pua 12th). (Tsev khaws puav pheej Viking hauv Oslo)

Hauv XIII-XIV ib-paus xyoo, lub kaus mom zoo nkauj ntawm cov hom topfhelm, ob qho kev sib ntaus thiab kev sib tw (uas tuaj yeem pom meej los ntawm cov ntawv me me ntawm cov ntawv sau nruab nrab), kuj qee zaum muaj cov kaus mom zoo li cov paj ntoo zoo li "horns".

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Maximilian lub kaus mom hlau arme 1525, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Nyhav 2517.4 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Raws li lub kaus mom hlau ntawm tus Vaj Ntxwv Askiv Henry VIII, nws tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm "Maximilian armor" (uas yog, corrugated), tab sis nws zoo li tshwj xeeb. Nws ntseeg tias lub kaus mom hlau tsis zoo no, nrog rau cov cuab yeej ua rog, tau nthuav tawm rau Henry VIII los ntawm Maximilian I, tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Roman, uas tau tsim cov cuab yeej no thiab pab nws faib tawm. Nws xav hais lossis qhia dab tsi nrog qhov khoom plig no? Tias Henry yog tus dag thiab tsis yog huab tais? Los yog ib yam txawv? Txawm li cas los xij, hais txog tus nqi, nws yog tus muaj koob muaj npe tiag tiag, lossis zoo dua, khoom plig huab tais, thiab Henry, txawm tias nws xav qee yam tsis zoo txog nws, txawm li cas los xij tsis tuaj yeem pab tab sis lees txais nws.

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Lub kaus mom hlau tso rau ntawm Royal Arsenal hauv Leeds.

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Kaw ntawm lub kaus mom hlau tib yam.

Kev tsim qauv ntawm lub kaus mom hlau yog qhov zoo ib yam, txawm hais tias nws txawv ntawm cov kaus mom hlau yooj yim ntawm hom no thaum muaj ntau tus lej tshwj xeeb. Zoo, ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov suab raj nruas gilded, txuas nrog ob lub loj thiab ib lub rivets me me. "Lub puab tsaig" ua raws cov duab ntawm pob txha taub hau thiab zoo ib yam ciam teb nrog rivets. Ob lub pob ntseg muaj sau paj paj rosette nrog rau qhov rau qhov punched. Lub npog ntsej muag yog lub ntsej muag ntawm lub kaus mom hlau, muaj qhov tsim qauv qub nrog lub voj tsau rau ntawm lub hauv pliaj. Nws piav qhia lub ntsej muag nrog lub qhov ntswg sib txuas ntev, thiab ntau lub qhov tau ua rau nws, tsis ntseeg tias ua haujlwm rau qhov cua. Kev kos duab ntawm "lub ntsej muag" qhia txog cov quav, quav ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm lub qhov muag, pob muag thiab plaub hau saum toj ntawm daim di ncauj sab saud. Xws li ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus zoo no tuaj yeem suav tau rau qhov ua kom lom zem. Thiab, tau kawg, tsom iav tooj liab tau tawm tsam nws. Lub nplhaib sab laug ntawm tus thav duab yog riveted los ntawm ob lub halves, txoj cai yog ib-thooj. Cov iav tsom iav tsis tau muab xub thawj.

Nyob rau ib lub sijhawm nws tau ntseeg tias qhov no yog cov cuab yeej ua rog rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam Somers, tab sis koj yuav tsum xav txog lawv tus nqi, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab seb tus huab tais (txawm tias huab tais!) tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe, yuav muaj lub sijhawm zoo li no.

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Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov ntsiab lus no tau rov tsim dua ntawm lub kaus mom hlau, uas, feem ntau, tsis xav tau txhua lub kaus mom hlau sib ntaus …

Lub kaus mom hlau hnyav heev, nws hnyav 2.89 kg. Nws tau tsim los ntawm tus tswv los ntawm Innsbruck Konrad Seusenhofer hauv 1512. Tom qab ntawd, uas yog nyob rau xyoo 17th, lub kaus mom hlau no tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev nthuav tawm hauv Ntauwd, qhov uas nws tau tshaj tawm tias nws yog ib feem ntawm "armor ntawm Will Somers", tus kws txiav txim plaub hauv Henry VIII. Tau ntev tsis muaj leej twg paub tias nws yog leej twg tiag. Tsis ntev los no, tau muaj kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg txog qhov tseeb ntawm lub kaus mom hlau no. Piv txwv li, puas yog ram lub raj thiab tsom iav tiag tiag yog ib feem ntawm nws, lossis lawv puas tau ntxiv tom qab? Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim li cas thiaj li yuav tsum muaj qhov khoom txawv txawv yog khoom plig los ntawm ib tus vaj ntxwv mus rau lwm tus? Txawm li cas los xij, lub kaus mom hlau no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tiag tiag thiab kim raws li keeb kwm "tsis muaj nuj nqis" cov khoom qub.

PS Tus sau thiab kho ntawm VO lub vev xaib ua tsaug rau N. Mikhailov rau qhov tua cov khoom pov thawj Hermitage thiab cov duab uas nws muab.

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