Tsis ntev los no, kev tsim cov phom phom microwave tshiab yuav pib hauv tebchaws Russia, uas yuav hloov pauv SVD cov lus dab neeg, uas tau ua haujlwm ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv ib pab tub rog ntau dua 55 xyoos. Chukavin tshiab phom ntev, tsim hauv Izhevsk los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom ntawm kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov, yuav muab tso rau hauv xyoo 2020. Tus Thawj Coj ntawm lub tuam txhab Dmitry Tarasov tau hais txog qhov no hauv kev xam phaj nrog IA "Udmurtia". Ib rab phom chambered rau 7, 62x54 mm yuav mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xyoo 2017 kawg, Kalashnikov nthuav qhia lub tshuab microwave ntev-ntau uas tau ntim rau. 338 LAPUA MAGNUM daim cartridge (8, 6x70 mm), uas tsawg kawg muab kev txaus siab rau yav tom ntej rau cov khoom tshiab ntawm Izhevsk cov kws siv phom.
Hloov lub phom SVD
Cov phom loj Dragunov chambered rau lub hauv paus loj Lavxias daim cartridge 7, 62x54 mm, uas yog qhov raug suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov phom phom qub tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub sijhawm, tau raug lees paub hauv xyoo 1963, uas yog, 56 xyoo dhau los. Daim cartridge 7, 62x54 mm R nws tus kheej tau txais los ntawm tsarist pab tub rog, nws tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau rab phom Mosin tshiab ntawm 1891 tus qauv, nto moo peb kab. Tsuas yog rab phom rab phom uas tau siv sib npaug hauv ntiaj teb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm txawv teb chaws - 7, 62x51 mm, tau txais kev pab rau xyoo 1954. Ob daim cartridges zoo nyob rau xyoo pua 21st, txij li ntau caum xyoo lub peev xwm no tau tsim qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm cov mos txwv rau txhua tus saj.
Thiab yog tias rab phom rab phom 7, 62x54 mm R tsis nce lus nug hnub no, tom qab ntawd twb muaj lus nug txog SVD. Cov phom no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no ntawm kev ua tub rog, nws qhov kev hloov pauv tau ntev dhau los thiab, pom tseeb, tseem tshuav me me los tos qhov no. Izhevsk cog lus tias yuav tua Chukavin tshiab phom ntev, uas poob rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab yog qhov hloov pauv ncaj qha rau SVD, xyoo 2020. Hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias rab phom tshiab tseem tsis tau raug siv los ua haujlwm. Raws li TV channel "Zvezda", kev siv lub qhov cub microwave los ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias yuav ua rau ob xyoos tom ntej no.
Thawj thawj zaug, rab phom microwave tshiab tsim los koom nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nrug deb thiab nruab nrab tau qhia rau sawv daws pom hauv xyoo 2017 uas yog ib feem ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Cov Tub Rog-Kev Sib Tham. Kev ua qauv qhia ntawm qhov tshiab los ntawm Izhevsk tam sim ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntau ntxiv, feem ntau yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm SVD ib txwm muaj, uas tseem tab tom flickering hauv cov ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm txhua qhov chaw kub ntawm peb ntiaj chaw. Sab nrauv, lub microwave yog riam phom sib txawv kiag li, nyob rau hauv qhov uas muaj lub zog zoo ergonomic yas qhov chaw tau hloov ntoo. Lub microwave yog luv dua SVD me ntsis, qhov siab tshaj plaws phom ntev yog 1080 hli, thaum rab phom tau txais lub taub hau kho tau sai. Qhov ntev ntawm tus qauv SVD phom ntev yog 1225 mm (cov khoom lag luam tsis quav ntsej), SVD-S qhov sib txawv nrog cov khoom sib dhos yog 1135 mm, qhov ntev ntawm SVDM qauv yog 1155 mm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab riam phom tshiab sib zog dua, tshaj tawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub microwave nrog cov ntawv xov xwm yam tsis muaj daim cartridges yog 4.5 kg, qhov hnyav ntawm SVDM yog 5.3 kg, SVDS yog 4.7 kg. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov ntev ntawm rab phom ntawm cov phom no, ces lawv yuav luag sib npaug. Rau SVDM tus qauv, lub chim ntev yog 565 mm, rau rab phom microwave tshiab, raws li cov vis dis aus tshiab tshaj tawm hauv kalashnikov.media lub vev xaib, 560 mm. Nyuam qhuav pib, ntau tus ntshai tsam lub chim ntev ntawm 410 mm yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov raug rho tawm ntawm riam phom chambered rau 7, 62x54 mm, tab sis nws zoo li koj tuaj yeem nqus tau, txij li lub thoob ntawm qhov ntev no yuav tau txais cov pej xeem hloov pauv ntawm lub microwave.
Tus qauv tshiab ntawm Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb ntau dua thiab sib zog dua li tag nrho SVD kab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev sib ntaus niaj hnub no. Zoo li SVD, rab phom Chukavin feem ntau yog riam phom ntawm cov phiaj tua zoo, uas raug hu ua cov cim lossis cov tub rog tua phom hauv cov tub rog txawv teb chaws. Ntawm nws qhov tseem ceeb, qhov no yog pab tub rog phom loj tiag tiag, uas ua rau lub zog loj dua hauv kev sib ntaus. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov phiaj tua zoo no yog txhawm rau npog lawv cov phooj ywg thiab ntaus cov phiaj uas nyuaj rau ntaus nrog rab phom tshuab. Qhov pib rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov phom no yog 600-800 meters. Vim qhov tseeb tias cov phom no yog tus kheej thauj khoom, tus neeg tua yeej ib txwm muaj sijhawm los xa lwm lub mos txwv ntawm lub hom phiaj, kho nws qhov kev tua. Txij li cov tub rog me me zoo ib yam muaj phom, lawv kuj tseem yuav tsum koom nrog kev ua phem rau hauv nroog, qhov chaw sib zog thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov riam phom ua lub luag haujlwm loj, ntawm no lub microwave kuj zoo dua SVD. Nws yuav yooj yim dua los siv riam phom tshiab hauv qhov txwv ntawm thaj chaw hauv ntau lub tsev, uas, tsis ntseeg, tseem yog qhov ntxiv ntawm tus qauv tshiab.
Tsuas yog teeb meem tiag tiag ntawm kev siv rab phom microwave thiab pib tsim cov khoom loj tuaj yeem yog tus nqi siab ntawm tus qauv thaum muaj ntau tus SVD, SVD-S thiab SVDM tshiab. Hauv cov xwm txheej thaum cov tub rog lub tsev khaws khoom tau dhau los nrog SVD, uas nyob rau xyoo dhau los ntawm USSR txoj kev muaj sia nyob tau riveted ntau heev uas cov phom tuaj yeem siv ua cov tsaj rau tso cov roj hmab tsaws nkoj, nws nyuaj heev kom yuam cov tub rog mus yuav cov qauv tshiab ntawm me caj npab. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob rau hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm AK-12, uas los ntawm cov qauv tshiab pib hauv kev ua haujlwm mus rau kev hloov pauv tob ntawm AK-74M uas twb muaj lawm. Txhawm rau txo qis tus nqi ntawm riam phom thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua tiav lub tshuab rab phom los ntawm kev sau npe, cov neeg tsim qauv tau tso tseg ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb uas tau suav nrog hauv tus qauv, thawj zaug nthuav tawm xyoo 2012. Hauv qhov no, lub qhov cub microwave tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tub rog xav tau ntau npaum li cov phom me me, thiab cov neeg tua phom, txawm tias lawv yog tub rog, ib txwm tau kawm tshwj xeeb.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom Chukavin sniper
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Chukavin tshiab phom ntev yog tias rab phom no tau tsim los ua digital. "Tus qauv hluav taws xob" ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom sib raug zoo rau lub cev ntawm rab phom. Txhua txoj kev tsim riam phom tau ua tiav hauv ib puag ncig digital. Ntawm no, tus qauv 3D ntawm riam phom yav tom ntej tau tsim, pom zoo li qub ntawm rab phom, thiab kinematics ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb raug sim.
Tam sim no, tsawg kawg peb lub cim ntawm microwave ncu tau paub, uas twb tau qhia los ntawm kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov. Cov no yog cov qauv chambered rau Lavxias daim cartridge 7, 62x54 mm, rau NATO cartridge - 7, 62x51 mm, thiab qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog qhov ntev -microwave microwave chambered rau.338 LAPUA MAGNUM cartridge (8, 6x70 mm). Nyob rau yav tom ntej, ib qho chaw ntim khoom rau daim cartridge 7, 62x54 mm R, uas qee zaum tseem hu ua microwave qhov cub-54, yuav nkag mus rau hauv ntau lawm. 10-puag ncig cov ntawv xov xwm los ntawm SVD phom yuav ua tau zoo nrog cov qauv no.
Cov txheej txheem, rab phom tau tsim raws li cov txheej txheem kab hlau rhuav nrog txoj kab rov qab thaum lub pob tw nyob ntawm qib ntawm rab phom ntawm rab phom. Yog tias peb tham txog tus qauv sab hauv ntawm lub microwave, tom qab ntawd tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej tsis tau hloov pauv ntau txij li lub sijhawm SVD. Raws li Mikhail Degtyarev, tus kws sau ntawv xov xwm ntawm Kalashnikov cov ntawv xov xwm, sau tseg hauv kev xam phaj nrog RIA Novosti, qiv Dragunov cov phiaj xwm yuav tsum suav tias yog qhov zoo ntawm rab phom tshiab. Raws li nws, lub qhov cub microwave yog tus ua tiav puv rau SVD, txij li lub plawv ntawm tus qauv tshiab - chav ntsuas phoo - tau coj los ntawm "tus muam laus". Tsis tas li, raws li Mikhail Degtyarev, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuab roj thiab cov pab pawg sib txawv tsuas yog hauv cov ntsiab lus. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho ntxiv ntawm tus qauv tshiab, txij li lub node hauv SVD tuaj yeem raug hu ua kev nyab xeeb ze rau qhov kev daws teeb meem ci ntsa iab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tshaj tawm qhov tseeb ntawm microwave tua hluav taws tau nce. Kev tshaj tawm tshaj tawm rau 100 metres yog 3 cm, rau SVD - ntawm 8 txog 10 cm.
Cov phom me me tshiab muaj lub ntsej muag tsom iav uas tso cai rau koj yooj yim kho qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom thiab kho cov phom ntev mus rau tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg tua phom. Txiav txim los ntawm cov vis dis aus uas tau nthuav tawm, cov khoom tuaj yeem muab tais. Ntawm qhov piv txwv uas tau nthuav tawm los ntawm kev txhawj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem pom tias lub fuse nyob ntawm ob sab sab xis thiab sab laug, uas tseem ua rau nws yooj yim dua los tuav riam phom. Feem ntau, kev mloog zoo tau them rau microwave ergonomics. Phom phom tau tsim thaum xub thawj nrog kev dav dav ntawm kev paub ntawm cov kis las ncaws pob. Nws tau paub tias qhov kev pabcuam txhim kho tau muab los ntawm Andrey Kirisenko, uas yog tus muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ntaus kis las thiab tus yeej hauv ntiaj teb hauv kev tua phom. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom yog nyob ntawm txhua tus neeg tau txais, txoj kab tsheb Picatinny nyob rau saum, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau nruab ib qho kev pom niaj hnub ntawm riam phom: nruab hnub nrig, hmo ntuj, ntsuas cua sov.
Microwave rau cov pej xeem. MR-1
Lavxias cov kiv cua ntawm rab phom tuaj yeem zoo siab, vim tias Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb twb tau nthuav tawm cov neeg pej xeem ntawm tus qauv tshiab ntawm rab phom sniper. Cov phom tua tus kheej thauj tus kheej MR-1, raws li rab phom SHF, tab tom los. Los ntawm cov tub rog version, cov pej xeem version sib txawv hauv lub thoob luv - 410 mm, ntsig txog, nyob rau hauv luv luv tag nrho ntev - 859-919 mm (lub taub qab yog kho tau ntev, cov chaw tsim khoom cog lus ua qauv nrog ob qho tib si tsau thiab sab -khawm taub qab) thiab hnyav - 4,3 kg.
MR-1 yuav siv 10-round cov ntawv xov xwm uas tau sib xws nrog SVD cov qauv thiab Tsov Tsov Rog Tsov Rog. Tus nqi ntawm rab phom MR-1 tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm, tab sis lawv sau rau ntawm rooj sib tham riam phom tias nws yuav nyob ntawm thaj tsam li 100 txog 200 txhiab rubles.
