Ntawm qhov siab ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, Soviet kev coj noj coj ua tau txiav txim siab txog qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev tsim "cov tebchaws" ua ib feem ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Liab. Yog li Red Army muaj nws tus kheej Cossacks thiab tus thawj coj. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28, 1917, thawj kuren ntawm Chervonny Cossacks tau tsim, uas dhau los ua thawj lub tebchaws nyob hauv pab tub rog liab. Kev tsim ntau ntawm Chervonny Cossacks tau cim txog kev tsim cov tub rog Soviet nyob hauv thaj tsam hauv tebchaws ntawm yav dhau los Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.
Lub keeb kwm yav dhau los rau qhov pom ntawm thawj pawg tub rog hauv tebchaws yog raws li hauv qab no. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 11-12 (24-25), 1917, Thawj Pawg Thawj Kav Tebchaws Ukrainian ntawm Soviets tau muaj nyob hauv Kharkov, uas yog Ukrainian Cov Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Soviet ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm, Peasants, Cov Tub Rog thiab Cossack Cov Neeg Sawv Cev (UNRS) tau tshaj tawm. Nws tam sim ntawd dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev nyiam rau Soviet rog hauv Ukraine, lwm txoj hauv kev rau Ukrainian Tib Neeg Cov koom pheej tshaj tawm hauv Kiev los ntawm cov neeg txawv tebchaws.
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 17 (30), 1917, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Nruab Nrab ntawm Soviets ntawm Ukraine tau tsim los raws li txoj cai ntawm UNRS, thiab Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Tsis Txaus Siab tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm All-Russian Central Executive Committee, uas suav nrog Cov Neeg Tsis Txaus Siab. rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Tub Rog coj los ntawm Ukrainian tus neeg sib tw Vasily Shakhrai. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 18 (31), 1917, Pawg Neeg Tawm Tsam Tub Rog tau tsim los tawm tsam kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, uas txij li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1917 (Lub Ib Hlis 7, 1918) yuav tsum cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim ib feem ntawm Red Cossacks.
Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27, cov xwm txheej tsaus ntuj tshwm sim hauv Kharkov. Cov tub rog xav tsis thoob thiab Cov Tiv Thaiv Liab tau tshem riam phom thib 2 Ukrainian Reserve Regiment ntawm UPR nyob hauv nroog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog, uas tau pom zoo nrog Bolsheviks, tau hla mus rau lawv sab. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28, 1917 (Lub Ib Hlis 10, 1918), kev tsim ntawm 1st kuren (cov tub rog) ntawm Chervonny Cossacks tau pib, uas suav nrog Cov Tiv Thaiv Liab los ntawm Kharkiv cov tub rog, cov tub rog ntawm cov qub tub rog Lavxias thiab cov neeg tua rog ntawm thib ob Ukrainian tseg cia ntawm UNR uas tau hla mus rau sab Soviets, lossis theej nws ob lub qhov ncauj - 9th thiab 11th. Kev ua nom tswv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim riam phom tshiab tau tsim los ntawm cov pov thawj Bolsheviks.
Vitaly Markovich Primakov (1897-1937) tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim thawj kuren, ntxiv rau Chervonny Cossacks tag nrho. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm ntawm cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia nws tsuas yog nees nkaum xyoo, Vitaly Primakov muaj ntau xyoo ntawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam hauv qab nws. Tus tub ntawm Tus Kws Qhia Zov Me Me ntawm Lavxias, Vitaly Primakov koom nrog kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam xyoo 1914 ua tub ntxhais kawm theem siab. Twb tau nyob rau Lub Ob Hlis 14, 1915, Primakov tau raug txim ntawm kev muaj riam phom thiab faib cov ntawv xa mus rau lub neej nyob ntev hauv Siberia. Tab sis nyob deb Aban, nws tsis siv sijhawm ntau - ob xyoos tom qab qhov kev txiav txim, Lub Ob Hlis Kev Tawm Tsam tau tso cov neeg raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj. Vitaly Primakov mus txog Kiev, uas nws tau los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg Bolshevik hauv zos, thiab tom qab ntawd tau raug xaiv los ua tus sawv cev rau II All-Russian Congress of Soviets los ntawm nws haiv neeg Chernigov.
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli Kev Tawm Tsam pib hauv Petrograd, Primakov tau hais kom ib tus Red Guard tshem tawm uas tau los rau lub caij ntuj no Palace. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm theem siab nag hmo thiab raug kaw nom tswv sai dhau los ua ib tus thawj coj ntawm Liab. Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev hloov pauv, nws tau mus rau Gatchina - los tua cov tub rog ntawm Peter Krasnov, thiab tom qab ntawd tawm mus rau Ukraine. Raws li tus neeg muaj kev xav thiab tus thawj coj paub dhau los, Primakov tau tso siab rau kev tsim thawj lub tsev tub rog Ukrainian ntawm Chervonny Cossacks. Kuren tau xub tsim los ua tub rog tub rog, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv pab tub rog. Txij li thaum lub tsev raug lees paub tias yog Cossack, Vitaly Primakov tau raug xa mus ua tus ataman ntawm 1st kuren ntawm Chervonny Cossacks.
Lub Ib Hlis 4 (17), 1918, Primakov's kuren, uas yog ib feem ntawm pab pawg ntawm pab tub rog raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Pavel Yegorov, tau tawm mus rau Poltava. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Cossacks ntawm Lub Siab tau txais lawv thawj qhov kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws, tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Poltava. Tom qab ntawd cov tub rog sib faib los ntawm kuren, uas yog tus kheej txib los ntawm Primakov, tau tsiv mus rau Kiev. Hauv Kiev, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog tau nce pom, thiab tsis yog Cossacks nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau haiv neeg tau koom rau hauv. Yog li ntawd, nws tau txiav txim siab hloov npe cov tub rog mus rau 1st Workers 'thiab Peasants' Socialist Regiment ntawm Red Army, tab sis Soviet kev coj noj coj ua tau tawm tsam qhov tshiab ntawm cov tub rog. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov chaw hauv tebchaws raws li lwm txoj hauv kev rau Ukrainian haiv neeg tsim.
Lub caij no, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 27 (Lub Ob Hlis 9), 1918, Central Rada tau kos npe cais kev cog lus nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes thiab Austria-Hungary. Tsis ntev Brest-Litovsk Kev Thaj Yeeb tau xaus, raws li cov lus uas Soviet Russia tau thim nws cov tub rog tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine. Yog li ib feem ntawm chervonny Cossacks, suav nrog kuren, tau pib lawv txoj kev hla dhau ciam teb ntawm Me Me Russia. Kev sib cais raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Primakov thim rov qab mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Soviet Russia, qhov uas nws tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Novocherkassk, thiab tom qab ntawd kom ntseeg tau tias kev khiav tawm ntawm Tib Neeg Tus Kheej ntawm UNRS los ntawm Taganrog mus rau Moscow. Tom qab ntawd lub kuren tau nyob hauv thaj tsam Chernigov thiab ze Novgorod-Seversky, qhov chaw nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm Soviet Russia thiab Ukraine dhau los.
Thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 22, 1918, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Tebchaws Central-Ukrainian tau txiav txim siab los ua ob pawg neeg tawg rog hauv tebchaws Ukraine ntawm plaub lub hlis twg hauv thaj tsam nruab nrab nruab nrab. 1st Ukrainian Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam suav nrog 3 tus tub rog kurens thiab 1 tus nees caij kuren raws li cov lus txib ntawm Vitaly Primakov.
Dab tsi yog thawj pab tub rog hauv tebchaws nyob rau lub sijhawm no? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, yog tias peb tham txog tus lej, tom qab ntawd cov tub rog ntawm Primakov lub kuren tuaj yeem hu ua zoo heev. Cov kuren suav nrog ib tus nees thiab ib txhais taw Cossack ntau pua, pab pawg siv phom tshuab, roj teeb phom loj nrog ob rab phom loj peb-ntiv tes, thiab cais me me ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab (cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab). Tom qab ntawd txhais taw ib puas los ntawm kuren tau thim thiab suav nrog hauv 1st Pawg Neeg Tawm Tsam Bogunsky. Nyob rau hauv lem, ntau qhov me me cavalry units tau suav nrog hauv kuren, tom qab uas cov tub rog tau hloov pauv mus rau 1st Cavalry Regiment ntawm Red Cossacks ntawm 1st Pawg Neeg Tawm Tsam.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, plaub pua tus tub rog caij nees tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm cov tub rog tub rog. Hauv thawj thiab thib ob, Cossacks thiab Cov Neeg Lav Xias Me Me tau pab, peb puas leej tau ua los ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian thiab German - cov neeg khiav tawm thiab cov neeg raug kaw yav dhau los ntawm kev ua rog ntawm German thiab Austro -Hungarian cov tub rog, thiab plaub puas yog qhov txawv tshaj plaws - nws yog tau txais kev pabcuam los ntawm Kurds uas tau tawm tsam ua ib feem ntawm pab tub rog Turkey thiab leej twg poob thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 hauv tebchaws Russia. Yog li, cov tub rog yog ib nrab thoob ntiaj teb hauv kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev suav tias yog Cossack Ukrainian chav nyob.
Kaum Ib Hlis 1918 tau cim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tshiab rau cov tub rog. Cov tub rog tau xa mus rau Pawg Neeg Tawm Tsam Thib 2 ntawm Ukrainian Soviet Army, tom qab ntawd nws tau pib koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv UPR pab tub rog. Los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1919, cov neeg ua haujlwm pab tub rog tau rov ua haujlwm ntxiv vim tias muaj cov neeg tuaj pab dawb hauv tebchaws Russia tuaj tshiab, cov neeg nrhiav neeg tau pauv los ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow, nrog rau Magyar cov neeg thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm cov qub Austro-Hungarian cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog.
Ua raws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub rog, thaum Lub Xya Hli 18, 1918, 1st Cavalry Regiment ntawm Red Cossacks tau hloov pauv mus rau 1st Cavalry Brigade ntawm Red Cossacks. Tam sim no pawg tub rog tau muaj ob pab tub rog. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1919, Pawg Tub Rog Tub Rog thib 8 ntawm Red Cossacks tau siv los ntawm pab tub rog.
Txhua lub sijhawm no, Vitaly Primakov tseem yog tus thawj coj ruaj khov ntawm thawj tus tub rog, thiab tom qab ntawd pab tub rog tub rog, thiab pab tub rog thib 8 ntawm Red Cossacks. Semyon Abramovich Turovsky (1895-1937) yog Primakov tus neeg koom nrog ze tshaj thiab tus thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm pab tub rog, thiab tom qab ntawd faib. Zoo li Primakov, Turovsky yog ib tug tub hluas 24 xyoos. Ib tug neeg Yudais los ntawm kev yug, ib txwm nyob ntawm tsev neeg ntawm tus neeg lag luam loj Chernigov, Semyon Turovsky txij thaum yau, zoo li nws tus tij laug, tau taug txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Semyon tus tij laug tuag nyob rau xyoo 1905 - nws, tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog, raug tua los ntawm Cov Neeg Dub.
Semyon nws tus kheej raug ntes hauv xyoo 1914 rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv tawm tsam kev ua tsov rog. Rau ob xyoos nws tau raug ntiab tawm mus rau Vyatka, thiab tom qab ntawd tau sau rau hauv pab tub rog. Semyon Turovsky tau ua haujlwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm hauv pawg tub rog caij nkoj. Tom qab kev tawm tsam, nws koom nrog Red Guard hauv Kiev, thiab tom qab ntawd xaus rau hauv kev tsim ntawm Red Cossacks. Raws li kev paub dhau los ntawm kev tawm tsam, yav dhau los raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj thiab, ntxiv rau, tus tsis yog tus saib xyuas haujlwm uas muaj kev paub txog kev ua tub rog, Turovsky tau raug xaiv tamsim ntawd tus thawj coj ntawm 1st cov tub rog ntawm Chervony Cossacks. Tom qab ntawd, raws li cov tub rog tau hloov pauv mus rau ib pab tub rog thiab kev faib ua haujlwm, nws tau ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm tus thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm pab tub rog thiab tus thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib pawg. Thaum tsis muaj Primakov, uas tsis tuaj koom kev hais kom ua thiab tog neeg, Turovsky kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog, pab tub rog, thiab faib.
8th Cavalry Division of Red Cossacks tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv Ukraine. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, muab nws lub peev xwm ua tau zoo, nws daws cov haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tsam tob hauv qab cov yeeb ncuab kab, tsis ua raws li cov lus txib thiab muab cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog. Liab Cossacks yuav tsum tawm tsam ob qho tib si Petliurites thiab Denikinites, thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum Soviet Russia kev sib raug zoo nrog Batka Makhno tsis zoo, tom qab ntawd nrog Makhnovists. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 26, 1920, 1st Cavalry Corps of the Red Cossacks tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob, uas suav nrog kev faib tub rog thib 8 thiab 17th.
Tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thib 8, Vitaly Primakov, tau raug xaiv los ua tub rog. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias hauv kab ntawv no, tsis muaj kev kawm tub rog, Vitaly Primakov tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej los ua tus thawj coj zoo. Cov tub rog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Primakov tau koom nrog hauv kev ua tub rog ntau. Chervonny Cossacks tau koom nrog txoj kev swb ntawm Simon Petliura thiab nws kev tsim, hauv Soviet-Polish kev ua tsov rog, hauv kev swb ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam Army ntawm Nestor Makhno thiab tshem tawm ntawm Ataman Paliy. Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1920, Pawg Tub Rog Tub Rog thib 9 kuj tau suav nrog hauv cov tub rog, uas tau muab cov tub rog hloov mus ua qhov muaj zog nrog peb kev sib cais hauv nws qhov kev sib xyaw.
Tom qab qhov Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Kawg, cov neeg tuag tsis tau tawg thiab txuas ntxiv mus. Txawm li cas los xij, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog Vitaly Primakov tau raug xa mus kawm hauv Moscow, mus rau kev kawm tub rog-kev kawm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm siab tshaj ntawm Red Army. Xyoo 1924-1925. Primakov tau coj Lub Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Cavalry hauv Leningrad, yog tus kws pab tswv yim tub rog rau 1st National Army hauv Suav Teb, thiab hais kom 1st Rifle Corps hauv Leningrad Military District.
Lwm nplooj ntawv ntxim nyiam hauv lub neej ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pawg neeg nto moo yog nws txoj haujlwm ua tub rog txuas ntxiv hauv Afghanistan thiab koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm Red Army ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws no. Primakov tau ua nyob rau hauv lub npe tsis zoo "Ragib-bey", hauv khaub ncaws Afghan, uas nws txawm tias muaj lub npe menyuam yaus "Liab Lawrence" nyob rau sab hnub poob (Lawrence ntawm Arabia yog tus kws tshaj lij Askiv txawj ntse uas ua haujlwm hauv Middle East).
Primakov tau tso tseg ntau phau ntawv zoo uas nws tham txog lub tebchaws uas nws tau mus xyuas thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tsoomfwv Soviet. Txij li thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1936, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog Vitaly Primakov tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm Leningrad Military District. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tub rog ntxiv ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Civilian ua piv txwv tau nres. Ua ntej, nws tso cai rau nws tus kheej ntau dhau thiab tuaj yeem thuam thuam Soviet cov thawj coj tub rog, suav nrog Kliment Voroshilov. Qhov thib ob, Primakov txhawb Leon Trotsky nyob rau nruab nrab-1920s, thiab txawm hais tias tom qab nws tsis kam koom nrog Trotskyists, Kremlin nco txog ntu no hauv lub neej ntawm tus thawj tub rog.
Thaum Lub Yim Hli 14, 1936, Primakov raug ntes ntawm kev koom tes hauv pab tub rog "koomhaum Trotskyist cov tub rog", xyoo 1937 nws tau lees txhaum rau kev koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam Soviet Trotskyist cov tub rog-fascist kev koom tes. Vitaly Primakov, ua ke nrog Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Iona Yakir, Ieronim Uborevich, raug txim tuag thiab raug tua nyob rau lub Rau Hli 12, 1937. Cov neeg koom nrog ze tshaj plaws ntawm Primakov hauv cov tub rog, pab tub rog thiab faib ntawm Chervonnoye Cossacks cov tub rog tus thawj coj Semyon Turovsky tsis dim txoj hmoo zoo ib yam. Nws, uas tuav txoj haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Kharkov cov tub rog hauv nroog ua ntej nws raug ntes, raug tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 1937.
Raws li rau cov tub rog tub rog, nws tau muaj nyob hauv nws lub npe qub mus txog xyoo 1938, thaum nws tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv 4 pawg tub rog ntawm pab tub rog liab.
