- Kuv tus tim tswv, qhov no yog kev kov yeej, Kuv tuaj yeem pov tseg ntawm kaum ob Cezannes, yam tsis tau tawm hauv qhov chaw!
- Zoo, koj paub, thiab ib qho yog ntau txaus …
(Yuav ua li cas nyiag ib lab?)
Kos duab thiab keeb kwm … Peb muaj lub voj voog zoo li no, qhov uas nws tau hais txog riam phom kos los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam hauv qee cov duab. Thiab cov dab neeg ntawm daim duab no thiab dab tsi yog lossis tsis tau piav qhia rau lawv tau pom zoo heev. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, ntawm VO, tha xim "The Cossacks" tau siv ua piv txwv (uas txhua tus paub hauv lwm lub npe, uas yog "Cossacks tab tom sau ntawv mus rau Turkish Sultan") - duab ntawm peb tus kws kos duab zoo Ilya Efimovich Repin. Thiab, nco qab, tha xim yog loj heev - 2, 03 × 3, 58 m, thiab nws ua haujlwm nws los ntawm 1880 txog 1891. Txawm li cas los xij, Kuv yuav tsis rov hais dua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam rau nws, lossis … thuam qhov tsis zoo ntawm keeb kwm ntawm riam phom piav qhia ntawm nws. Los ntawm txoj kev, daim duab tau hu ua "keeb kwm tsis txaus ntseeg" thaum lub sijhawm nws tso tawm. Hauv kuv lub tswv yim … nws tsis meej vim li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi thiab leej twg hais dab tsi, txoj hmoo ntawm daim duab no tau ua tiav ntau dua. Tom qab kev ua tiav zoo ntawm ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm hauv Russia, nrog rau txawv teb chaws (hauv Chicago, Budapest, Munich thiab Stockholm), tha xim xyoo 1892 tau los ntawm Emperor Alexander III rau 35 txhiab rubles. Nws tseem nyob hauv cov rooj sib tham muaj koob muaj npe txog xyoo 1917, thiab tom qab kev hloov pauv nws tau xaus rau hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias.
Tab sis yog txhua yam raug hauv daim duab, ib tus nyeem ntawv tej zaum yuav nug, tom qab ntawv koj tuaj yeem sau dab tsi txog? Tab sis tsuas yog hais txog qhov tseeb, thiab tseem hais txog yuav ua li cas tus kws kos duab tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj kev ntseeg siab dua. Feem ntau, Kuv xav tsis thoob tias cov duab zoo li cas tau pleev xim rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Zoo, qhov no yog qhov xav tau: 11 xyoo los sau ib yam, txawm tias nws yog daim ntaub loj loj. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: tom qab tag nrho, txhua hom uas Repin tso rau ntawm daim ntaub no … tau pleev xim los ntawm nws los ntawm qhov! Zoo, nws puas tuaj yeem tsis thaij tus neeg nws nyiam, thiab tom qab ntawv sau los ntawm daim duab? Los yog, feem ntau, kom cog ib pawg ntawm cov neeg zaum, thaij duab ntawm lawv hauv ntau qhov sib txawv thiab tom qab ntawd zaum thiab pleev xim rau lawv hauv ntau qhov sib txawv, yog li txhua lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab cov duab yuav tau txais nws. Tsis yog, qhov no yog peb txoj kev mus ib txhis rau qhov ua tiav qhov kawg - nws yog, ntawm chav kawm, "uas", thiab tus neeg niaj hnub no yog qhov txaus siab me ntsis. Los ntawm txoj kev, tus kws kos duab nto moo V. E. Borisov-Musatov pleev xim zoo li ntawd. Kuv nqa cov duab ntawm tib neeg thiab toj roob hauv pes nrog Kodak lub koob yees duab thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov duab los ntawm cov duab, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, kuj tseem dai hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias. Tab sis qhov no yog li, los ntawm txoj kev.
Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tham txog niaj hnub no yog riam phom qhia hauv daim duab. Ntxiv mus, peb muaj lub sijhawm los tshuaj xyuas ntau yam ntawm nws cov qauv hauv kev nthuav dav, txawm hais tias tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv tau pom zoo ib yam nkaus hauv daim duab.
Yog li, ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb nco qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm txhua yam uas tau piav qhia. Ntawm no Repin tsuas yog txawj hloov pauv mus rau daim duab piv txwv ntawm riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm uas nws xav txog.
Cia peb pib nrog cov duab zoo tshaj plaws sab laug. Tus txiv neej no sawv nrog nws nraub qaum rau peb, thiab peb tsis pom nws lub ntsej muag, tab sis peb pom nws lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj - koj tsis tuaj yeem pom lwm lo lus ntawm no - rab phom Turkish flintlock, lub taub hau uas tau txiav nrog cov kaus ntxhw.
Cov phom no muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej, tab sis hnub no peb yuav tig mus rau qhov sau cia ntawm ib qho xwb: Metropolitan Museum of Art hauv New York. Thiab nws yog kev tu siab uas tsis muaj Is Taws Nem nyob hauv lub sijhawm Repin. Kuv tuaj yeem, tsis tas mus qhov twg thiab tsis tawm hauv tsev, coj nws, thiab sau … Ntxiv mus, lub tsev khaws khoom khaws cia muaj qee yam xaiv los ntawm. Tsis yog, nws paub meej tias peb muaj Armory Chamber, Artillery Museum, thiab State State Historical Museum, tab sis … zoo li muaj ntau qhov kev thov los ntawm nws rau "xwm". Whereas hauv Is Taws Nem txhua yam yog dawb - coj nws thiab siv nws!
Qhov thib ob tom qab thawj zaug kuj yog "txiv neej nrog rab phom." Nws paub txog nws tias tus tub hluas no tau sau hauv St. Petersburg los ntawm tus tub ntawm Varvara Ikskul-Gildenbandt, thiab nws yog tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus kws sau nkauj Mikhail Glinka thiab chav nyob. Thiab zoo li hauv daim duab nws yog Andrii - tus tub ntxawg ntawm Taras Bulba, uas nws ob leeg tau yug los thiab tua, ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm kev hlub. Muaj tseeb, nws muaj rab phom vim qee qhov hauv rooj plaub. Qhov tseeb keeb kwm nthuav, tab sis yog tias kuv nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm maestro, Kuv yuav tau pleev xim rau nws lub Turkish musket, tsuas yog dai kom zoo nkauj hauv qhov sib txawv.
Qhov tseeb, nws kuj muaj rab phom nyob ib sab ntawm rab phom. Thiab tseem Turkish. Yog lawm, cov Turks tau ua riam phom zoo. Thiab decorated nws richly. Txawm hais tias qee zaum kuj tsis qab. Nrog kev nkag siab ntawm kev faib ua feem, lawv tau hais meej … tsis heev. Ib qho hauv daim duab hauv qab no yog kwv yees li 70-90 xyoo, tab sis rab phom Turks tsis tau hloov pauv ntau lub sijhawm no.
Txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ua tub rog tsuas yog luag txiv neej rog rog liab. Muaj kev xav tias nws sau nws los ntawm tus xibfwb ntawm Petersburg Conservatory Alexander Ivanovich Rubets, xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm haiv neeg Polish. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntawv zoo li tus kws sau xov xwm Gilyarovsky tso rau tus kws pleev xim, yog li leej twg Repin tsis tau hloov pauv raws li tus qauv ntawm Cossack no tsis tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau peb uas sab sab dai ntawm nws txoj siv. Nws tau sau tawm kom meej meej. Thiab nws zoo li qhov no …
Thiab nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias saber yog Persian. Ua ntej, Cossacks tau mus rau Persia "rau zipuns" ib yam nkaus. Thiab qhov thib ob, kev lag luam caj npab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ib txwm muaj. Thiab qhov khoom plig Turkish tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo li Persian lossis Indian ua haujlwm.
Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov nthuav heev rau kuv tus kheej - puas tau muaj ntawm Cossack trophies … ncaj Turkish broadswords? Feem ntau nws tau lees paub hauv peb lub tebchaws tias txij li Turk txhais tau tias yog ib sab nkhaus. Tab sis qhov tseeb, nws yog Turkish sabers uas tau khoov me ntsis (saber poob), thiab tias cov tub rog Turkish tseem siv cov lus dav dav nrog cov hniav ntawm European ntau lawm. Zoo, piv txwv li, zoo li qhov no. Lub sijhawm, txhua yam tsuas yog haum, tab sis txawm lawv yog lossis tsis yog - keeb kwm tsis qhia peb qhov no.
Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov tseeb tias Turks siv Indian sabers yog qhov tsis ntseeg. Tab sis lawv cov leeg, thawj tus neeg Khab, feem ntau tau hloov los ntawm lawv tus kheej, Turkish. Lawv mob heev txawv txawv. Thiab yog li - cov hniav zoo zoo thiab cov tsoos ib txwm muaj, dab tsi yuav zoo dua?
Lwm saber ntawm lub taub hau Cossack, tsoo ntawm lub thoob. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb no tau sau los ntawm tus thawj coj gofmeister Georgy Petrovich Alekseev, thiab nws tsis xav tias qhov kev dag no thiab tau ua phem rau Repin. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kos duab pleev xim rau nws cov khoom siv zoo: rab phom, thiab saber, thiab lub suab nrov nrog rab phom - ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog ntawm cov xyoo ntawd.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub raj nrog rab phom yog, txawm hais tias raug, tab sis tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsis tsuas yog lub raj mis tau siv ua cov hmoov hmoov, tab sis kuj tshwj xeeb ua cov hmoov hmoov. Thiab nws yog qhov tseeb xws li lub raj mis hmoov uas Repin pleev xim zoo rau ntawm txoj siv ntawm Cossack liab qab rau ntawm lub duav. Nws tau ntseeg tias nyob rau hauv "daim ntawv liab qab" Cossacks zaum ua si daim npav thiab yuav tsis tuaj yeem dag thiab zais daim npav ntawm lawv lub tes tsho. Nws muaj lub hwj hmoov zoo nkauj heev - dua, qhia meej txog kev ua haujlwm sab hnub tuaj. Los ntawm txoj kev, muaj qee yam zoo sib xws hauv kev nthuav qhia ntawm Metropolitan Museum. Ntxiv mus, Indian ua haujlwm …
Thiab thaum kawg, tus no. Ib zaug ntxiv, Cossack cov riam phom ntawm lub thoob yog qhov nthuav dav me me nyob ib sab ntawm rab phom phom. Tab sis qhov no tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li lub taub hau txhuam - riam phom ntawm cov tib neeg, tab sis ua tau zoo ntawm cov txuj ci tes.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm riam phom Turkish, uas tsis nyob hauv daim duab. Qhov no yog scimitar. Tab sis … txawm hais tias lawv poob rau hauv Cossacks txhais tes, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau lawv yuav tsis siv. Txij li feem ntau ntawm Turkish scimitars muaj qhov ua tsis tau zoo. Thiab ib tus yuav tsum muaj peev xwm siv riam phom zoo li no. Yog li nws nkag siab vim li cas thiaj tsis muaj scimitar "nrog pob ntseg" ntawm tus kov ntawm daim ntaub. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo yog scimitar nrog tus tuav ntawm kev paub zoo dua, thiab vim li cas ho tsis coj qhov khoom plig zoo li no? Tab sis … qhov riam phom no tsis zoo li qub. Txawm hais tias muaj cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm scimitars nrog cov leeg ntawm European zoo kiag li. Piv txwv li, qhov no …
Zoo, peb tau txiav txim siab txhua yam riam phom ntawm Repinovsky Cossacks, thiab qhov xaus yog dab tsi? Yooj yim - hais tias nws yog qhov riam phom hauv cov duab uas koj xav tau kos, thiab qhov twg koj tau txais cov qauv piv txwv rau qhov no - hauv Kremlin Armory lossis hauv New York Metropolitan Museum - nws tsis muaj teeb meem hlo li.
