Ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov tseem ceeb geostrategic rau NATO pawg hauv Middle East ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm, Qaib ntxhw tseem tau txais kev txhawb nqa tub rog-kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tebchaws sab hnub poob txawm tias ua tsis ncaj ncees thiab qhib kev ua phem phem ntawm nws cov tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog tawm tsam cov xeev nyob sib ze, nrog uas lawv tau muaj kev sib raug zoo yav dhau los, nws zoo li yuav tsum ua rau muaj kev thuam ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm zej zog thoob ntiaj teb. Thiab txoj cai no, nrog rau NATO koom nrog, cov neeg tseem ceeb Turkish siv kom paub lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, "muaj ntshav thiab tu siab" ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tub rog Syrian thiab lawv tsev neeg, nrog rau cov tib neeg thoob plaws Europe.
Hauv ib ntawm peb cov ntawv yav dhau los, peb tau tshuaj xyuas qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev xa S-400 Triumph tiv thaiv huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke nyob ze Khmeimim airbase thiab ze rau sab hnub poob ciam teb ntawm Armenia. Qhov no tau txiav tawm tag nrho cov peev xwm ntawm kev siv ua haujlwm-cov cuab yeej siv foob pob hluav taws "Yildirim" thiab cov teeb meem nrog nruab nrab-ntau lub foob pob foob pob hauv cov lus qhia ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv (sab qaum teb sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ON). Kev cia siab zoo ntawm pab tub rog Turkish thiab cov chaw tsim khoom TUBITAK tau txuas rau ntawm cov kab ke no. Tab sis zoo li txhua lub zog uas thov kom muaj lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv cheeb tsam, Qaib ntxhw tsis txwv nws tus kheej rau cov cuaj luaj; kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub tab tom ua hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev siv tub rog. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau ua tiav ntev heev, txhua yam tau ua haujlwm zoo, cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws nyob sab hnub poob nyob sab Europe tau xaiv rau kev txhim kho thiab yuav khoom ntawm txhua lub hauv paus ntsiab lus.
Ib qho ntawm cov phiaj xwm no tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cim thib 5 stealth fighter TF-X, uas tsis poob qis dua qhov zoo ib yam South Kauslim txoj haujlwm KF-X, ntxiv rau Swedish txoj haujlwm ntawm lub teeb ntau lub zog tua hluav taws FS2020 (Gripen Stealth Fighter). Cov qauv tsim qauv ntawm Turkish dais qhov zoo sib xws nrog tom kawg. Thawj tsab ntawv TF-X tuaj yeem tawm xyoo 2023; txhua yam ua tsaug rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm European thev naus laus zis hauv paus siv ua ntej hauv Typhoon fighter. Piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab Askiv "Rolls-Royce" muab cov Turkish "Turkish Aerospace Industries" (TAI) TRDDF EJ-200, uas yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev sib zog siab-rau-hnyav piv ntawm cov dav hlau dav hlau niaj hnub no, nrog rau kev sib zog rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws radar kos npe. TAI ua raws txoj cai nruj heev rau kev xaiv lub tshuab fais fab, xav kom tau txais yam tsawg kawg nkaus EPR TF-X, vim nws yog Middle East thiab Mediterranean uas twb tau dhau los nrog ntau hom kev tiv thaiv huab cua niaj hnub no, nrog rau piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv dav hlau Lavxias.
Cov duab qhia pom peb lub tswv yim paub zoo ntawm Turkish thib 5 tiam TF-X lub phiaj xwm sib ntaus. Raws li sab saud, peb tuaj yeem tham txog RCS me me ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm txoj haujlwm: kev ua haujlwm me me ntawm cov qauv "S100" thiab "S200" qhia txog lub npe qis radar ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab radar, uas yog txawm tias tsawg dua li ntawm F-35A. Nrog rau lub tshuab ntxaib ntawm TF-X, TAI tseem tab tom txiav txim siab hloov kho rau ib leeg-cav sib ntaus (nrog PGO, ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem nkag mus), pom tau tias yog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Saab, uas tshwj xeeb hauv ib lub cav tsheb.
Nws tau paub tias TF-X txoj haujlwm yog koom nrog chav kawm sib ntaus ntawm cov neeg sib ntaus nrog thaj tsam tsawg kawg nkaus, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm Turkish fighter. Lub dav hlau me me thiab lub fuselage nqaim ntawm lub tsheb tau muab rau hauv ob lub cav ib leeg thiab ob lub cav sib txawv. EJ-200 lub cav turbojet yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev nce bypass piv (0, 4), qhov sib piv siab ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws mus rau afterburner (0, 7), thiab siab zog-rau-hnyav piv (9, 54). Yog li ntawd, kev teeb tsa EJ-200 ntawm TF-X yuav tso cai rau lub dav hlau kom muaj qhov sib zog ua kom siab sib piv thiab ua kom nrawm dua txawm tias lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, tsis hais txog tom qab hlawv. Lub dav hlau yuav tuaj yeem ya ntawm lub suab nrawm tshaj ntawm 1, 4 - 1, 5M (kwv yees kwv yees). Txiav txim los ntawm cov duab thev naus laus zis, ib qho ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab yuav ua rau qis ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm tis, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm tis dav ntawm thaj tsam loj rau qhov ntev yuav tsawg heev, piv txwv li. cov tub rog Turkish yuav tswj tau txaus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau Asmeskas F-35A, thiab muaj peev xwm F-16C Thaiv 52+. EJ-200 muaj lub tshuab cua me me (740 mm), uas tseem yuav ua lub luag haujlwm txo qis lub npe radar ntawm lub dav hlau. Qhov kev ntsuas kawg ntawm Turkish Air Force tau muab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Kev lag luam tiv thaiv Turkish tsis muaj kev paub dhau los thiab thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov tshuab turbojet niaj hnub no, yog li cov tshuab fais fab yuav raug yuav hauv Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Poob tsawg kawg ob peb xyoos. Tab sis lub dav hlau radar nrog AFAR yuav tsim los ntawm Turkish tuam txhab ASELSAN, uas tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim avionics rau ntau hom khoom siv tub rog rau 40 xyoo.
Kev tuaj txog ntawm TF-X cov neeg sib ntaus hauv Turkish Air Force lub dav hlau yuav ntau zaug ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv tswv yim dav hlau, vim tias lawv qhov kev nqis tes yuav txhawb nqa los ntawm 116 ntau lub hom phiaj F-35A thiab koom tes los ntawm 4 Boeing 737AEW Peace Eagle AWACS lub dav hlau. Cov neeg tua phom loj nyob hauv Turkish Air Force yuav tsim ntau qhov kev hem thawj ntxiv rau Greek Air Force thiab Air Defense, uas yuav raug kev ua txhaum ib txwm ntawm lawv tus kheej lub dav hlau hla Aegean Hiav Txwv, ntxiv rau Cov Tub Rog Lavxias. Qhov kev hem thawj no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj feem cuam tshuam rau Caucasian theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm, qhov twg cov roob siab tsim ntau qhov "qhov muag tsis pom" rau kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm AWACS tsis yog tsuas yog hauv av, tab sis kuj yog huab cua (A-50, A-100) hauv qhov xwm txheej tias TF-X thiab F- 35A yuav ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw qis heev, "rov ua dua" thaj av.
Ntxiv dag zog rau Turkish Air Force nrog kev cog lus tias yuav ya dav hlau tsis yog ib qho kev hem thawj rau RF Armed Forces thiab peb cov phoojywg. Txoj haujlwm ntawm lub tank sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb "Altay", nrog rau kev txhim kho MBT twb tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Turkish, tab tom muaj kev nrawm dua.
Tsis ntev los no nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov khoom lag luam tsim tawm ntawm lub tank Turkish qib siab "Altay" yuav pib xyoo 2017. Txhua lub tsheb sib tw uas tau dhau los tau dhau los ua kev sib tw thiab tua hluav taws ntau xyoo dhau los. Thawj pawg yuav tsum yog 250 lub tso tsheb hlau luam, uas tuaj yeem koom nrog pab tub rog Turkish thiab pab tub rog ntawm Pakistan, Saudi Arabia thiab Azerbaijan, uas yuav tsis ntseeg qhov tseeb hloov qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thoob plaws Asia. Tab sis feem ntau ntawm txhua qhov no yuav pom nyob hauv Middle East.
Cov tub rog hauv av hauv tebchaws Turkey tau ua tub rog nrog ntau dua 3,000 lub tso tsheb hlau luam, uas kwv yees li 500 units (16%) tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm ntau dua lossis tsawg dua thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no. Cov no yog "Leopard 2A4" (339 tso tsheb hlau luam) thiab M60-T Mk II "Sabra" (170 tso tsheb hlau luam), uas tau nruab nrog lub khoos phis tawj tswj hwm niaj hnub no thiab muaj zog 120-mm NATO-txheem phom. MBT M60 -T Mk II - Israeli version ntawm kev hloov pauv tob ntawm Asmeskas M60A3. Kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm lub turret, tsim los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem rau lub turret ntawm Mercava Mk IV lub tank, nqa cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv ntej qhov projection ntawm Sabra tank txog li 450 - 500 hli (los ntawm BOPS), piv txwv li. mus txog qhov ntsuas ntawm MBT T-72B, tsis nruab nrog DZ cov qauv. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Israel Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam tuam txhab kuj tau ntxiv dag zog rau sab xub ntiag, nruab nrog DZ cov qauv. Ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv Sabra cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau ntawm daim npog ntsej muag phom, uas ib txwm muaj qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm ntau MBTs. Tus tshiab 120mm MG253 rab phom mos txwv ua rau Sabra lub zog muaj zog ntxiv, suav nrog qhov ua tau zoo thiab nkag mus ntawm OBPS cores siv. MG253 tau yoog raws li kev siv ntawm BOPS feem ntau ntawm NATO lub tebchaws (Asmeskas M829A1-A3 thiab German DM53), uas txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej phaj nkag mus sib npaug rau 700-850 mm ntawm cov hlau sib npaug. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntseeg siab tham txog kev hem tiag los ntawm Sabra tso tsheb hlau luam rau Syrian T-72B, Iranian MBT Zulfikar thiab ntau lub tsheb.
"Knight" ("Abir") kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob tau siv computer tas li thiab ua raws qhov khoos phis tawj-hluav taws xob thiab duab hluav taws xob pom ntawm cov tuam txhab Israeli "Elbit Systems" thiab "El-Op Industries Ltd". Qhov "Knight" FCS yog, qhov tseeb, yog Israel "Baz" MSA niaj hnub no, tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-90s rau "Mercava Mk.3" tank, thiab yog li ntawd "Sabra" tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib tw zoo rau niaj hnub no tank. Tab sis lub tsheb no tseem muaj qhov teeb meem loj. Zoo li feem ntau ntawm Western thiab Israeli cov tso tsheb hlau luam, M60-T Mk II muaj qhov hnyav loj (59 tons), thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob MTU 881 Ka-501 tsim tawm tsis ntau tshaj 1000 hp, uas yog vim li cas lub zog tshwj xeeb yog 17 hp / tuj tso cai rau nws kom dhau daim duab ntawm thawj cov qauv ntawm T-62 lub tank nruab nrab. Yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm "Sabra" MBT hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog tua hluav taws los ntawm kev siv phom tsuas yog siv lub zog ntawm riam phom thiab kev ua tiav ntawm avionics, thaum muaj kev sib cav pem hauv ntej nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam niaj hnub thiab ATGMs ntawm "Kornet", Hom "Metis", thiab lwm yam yuav xaus rau qhov qeeb M60 -T Mk II swb.
Tab sis cov tub rog Turkish tseem muaj cov tso tsheb hlau luam rau kev tawm tsam pem hauv ntej ncaj qha, uas yuav tsis ua, suav qhov zoo ntawm thaj av thiab cov xwm txheej zoo. Kev paub dhau los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam "Leopard-2NG" thiab tsheb tsim ua ntej ntawm lub cim tshiab "Altay" yog cov piv txwv zoo li no.
"Leopard -2NG" ("Tiam Tom Ntej") - ua kom zoo dua qub "Leopard 2A4". Txoj kev txhim kho txoj haujlwm ntawm no "Leopard-2" yog los ntawm Turkish tuam txhab "Aselsan"; lub tank tseem paub nyob hauv lub npe MBT "Revolution", raws li nws tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev nthuav qhia "Eurosatory 2010". Nws suav nrog cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub tuam txhab, uas tsuas tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov kev hloov kho tshiab xws li paub me ntsis German txoj haujlwm ntawm lub tank rau kev sib ntaus hauv nroog "Jaguar. A4 "lossis Lavxias T-90MS" Tagil ".
Txoj haujlwm me me-paub ntawm lub tank German rau kev sib ntaus hauv nroog "Jaguar. A4 "ib. Cov "kos duab" no tau tsiv mus rau peb los ntawm German Internet, thiab, pom tseeb, yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev tshawb fawb network ntawm cov amateurs ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Tab sis nws tsim nyog sau cia tias lub tank nthuav tawm muaj txheej txheem tiag tiag thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Phom (L-44) tau nruab nrog lub thoob ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas (UUI), thiab cov duab ntawm tus pej thuam rov ua haujlwm zoo li tus pej thuam ntawm Israeli MBT "Merkava Mk.4". Cov xwm txheej PKE muaj cov qauv tsim thiab qhov loj me; tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv lub tshuab fais fab thiab tus tsav tsheb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm RPGs thiab rab phom loj BMP. Hnub no txoj haujlwm ntawm "lub nroog tso tsheb hlau luam" tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ib qho tshiab "Leopard-2A5" uas tau txais PSO "Peacemaker" hloov kho pob
Nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim Txoj Haujlwm Txuas Ntxiv Tom ntej ntawm kev laus Turkish Leopard 2A4, vim tias cov tso tsheb hlau luam no muaj peev xwm hloov kho tshiab tshaj plaws piv rau M60-T Mk II thiab M60A3, uas tau mus txog qhov kev txwv ntawm kev txhim kho. Ntawm ib feem me me ntawm "Leopards", cov qauv ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob, suav nrog cov khoom siv ceramics thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, twb tau teeb tsa lawm. Qhov loj ntawm cov ntsiab lus hloov pauv tau zoo kawg nkaus, thiab npog tsis tsuas yog lub hauv ntej qhov projection ntawm lub tank, tab sis kuj yog ob sab ntawm lub turret thiab hull, uas ua rau nce ntxiv qhov kev tso cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb maneuvering hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Lub sijhawm no ua rau muaj sia nyob ntev ntawm lub tank nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej thaum qhov dav ntawm kab hauv ntej, nyob ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tua hluav taws, muaj feem ntau. Modular blocks ntawm daim hlau thaiv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub turret ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab BOPS thiab KS los ntawm 580 thiab 1100 mm (rau Leopard 2A4) txog li 850 thiab 1350 mm (rau Leopard-2NG). Lub peev txheej txav tau zoo heev, ua tiav los ntawm tus qauv 1500-horsepower MTU MB-837 Ka501 turbocharged diesel cav, uas yog tus qauv rau Leopards, tsim lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm 23 hp / t (tus duab zoo rau 65-tuj colossus). Cov neeg raug siab thiab cov ntaub ntawv-teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov neeg coob, ua tiav los ntawm qhov zoo EMES-15 tus neeg tua phom ntau lub ntsej muag pom nrog lub ntsuas cua sov thiab ua kom pom nruab hnub pom ntawm tus thawj coj PERI-R17A1 (tso cai sib ntaus sib tua ntawm thaj tsam li 3 km ntawm hmo ntuj, nrog rau tshuaj xyuas sai sai txhua lub tank-cov lus qhia phom sij nyob deb ntawm lub tank, thiab nyob hauv ib puag ncig kaum ob mus rau pua pua metres), yuav dhau mus txawm tias zoo dua tom qab qhia cov cuab yeej nrog infrared matrices ntawm tiam tshiab.
Txhua 339 Turkish Leopard-2s tuaj yeem tau txais NG hloov kho pob, uas yuav tsum, nyob rau yav tom ntej, yuam CSTO ciam teb ntawm ciam teb Armenian-Turkish kom muaj zog ntxiv: leej twg paub dab tsi yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm Turkish kev coj ua tuaj yeem "ntaus hauv taub hau "Tag kis tshwj xeeb nrog kev mus tom ntej los ntawm Washington.
Kev nce qib ntawm Altay MBT txoj haujlwm zoo li muaj kev phom sij ntau dua. Lub tuam txhab Otokar tau ua txhua lub dag zog los pib ua ntu zus ntawm thawj pawg ntawm lub tank siab tshaj hauv xyoo 2017. Lub sijhawm "ntse" ntawm no yog cov Turks muaj peev xwm txawj tsim cov phom 120-mm MKEK-120 (L55), uas zoo ib yam li German Rh-120 / L-55. Cov phom no muaj peev xwm muab cov tub ntxhais ntawm M829A2 cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phom loj nrog qhov pib ua ntej txog li 1750 m / s (rau rab phom L-44 nws yog li 1660 m / s), thiab qhov no yuav ua rau ob qho ntxiv armor penetration thiab tua raug. Qhov tseeb, peb tus yeeb ncuab ze tshaj plaws yuav tuaj yeem tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm Leopard-2A6 / 7 qib.
Tau kawg, tom qab pib tuaj txog ntawm Armata hauv Lavxias Pab Tub Rog, Turkish Altay tsis zoo li yog tus yeeb ncuab uas tsim nyog rau peb, tab sis qhov tseeb no tsis tuaj yeem sau tawm, vim muaj ntau txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb qhia rau peb pab tub rog., ntxiv rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob ON, thiab Tseem tsis tau muaj "Armat" thiab "Tagilov" ntau. Tseem muaj lwm qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov xwm txheej, cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis raug liam tshiab ntawm peb Lub Chaw Aerospace los ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv, ua rau peb ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv ntawm peb cov tub rog hauv Syria thiab Cheeb Tsam Cov Tub Rog Yav Qab Teb.
