Tuam Tshoj Clones thiab Muag Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Lavxias (The Wall Street Journal, USA)

Tuam Tshoj Clones thiab Muag Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Lavxias (The Wall Street Journal, USA)
Tuam Tshoj Clones thiab Muag Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Lavxias (The Wall Street Journal, USA)

Video: Tuam Tshoj Clones thiab Muag Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Lavxias (The Wall Street Journal, USA)

Video: Tuam Tshoj Clones thiab Muag Cov Neeg Tawm Tsam Lavxias (The Wall Street Journal, USA)
Video: xov xwm nrog Geena Ly Cha 7-17-2017 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Tuam Tshoj clones thiab muag cov neeg tua rog Lavxias
Tuam Tshoj clones thiab muag cov neeg tua rog Lavxias

Zhuhai, Tuam Tshoj-Ib xyoos tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm Soviet Union, cov nyiaj ntsuab-khi Kremlin muag rau Tuam Tshoj ntau ntawm nws cov tub rog loj heev, suav nrog kev txaus siab ntawm Lavxias Lub Nkoj Tub Rog, Su-27 tus neeg tua rog.

Tshaj li 15 xyoos tom ntej no, Russia tau los ua Tuam Tshoj tus muab riam phom loj tshaj plaws, muab lub teb chaws nrog $ 20 nphom rau $ 30 nphom hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, rhuav tshem, submarines, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab foob pob hluav taws. Nws txawm muag Beijing daim ntawv tso cai los tsim lub Su-27 fighter los ntawm txawv teb chaws Russia.

Tab sis hnub no qhov kub kub no tau qhuav rau Russia, thiab rau Tuam Tshoj nws tsuas yog pib xwb.

Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm los theej riam phom Lavxias, Tuam Tshoj tau mus txog qhov hloov pauv. Tam sim no nws tuaj yeem tsim tawm ntau lub tshuab riam phom, suav nrog cov sib ntaus sib tua zoo tshaj plaws xws li Su-27. Nws tseem tab tom yuav tsim nws tus kheej lub dav hlau thauj khoom.

Suav engineers tsis tsuas yog cloned avionics thiab Su-27 radar. Lawv tseem tab tom npaj lawv lub dav hlau nrog qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev sib dhos no - lub tshuab ua dav hlau hauv Suav.

Ob xyoos dhau los, Beijing tsis tau tso ib qho kev txiav txim loj hauv Russia.

Thiab tam sim no Tuam Tshoj tseem tab tom pib xa tawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov riam phom, ua rau Russia txoj haujlwm poob qis hauv ntiaj teb kev tsim kho, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm lub zog hauv ntau qhov chaw kub ntawm peb ntiaj chaw.

Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev zoo nyob hauv Lavxias lub tsev pheeb suab thaum lub sijhawm huab cua qhia nyob rau sab qab teb Suav nroog Zhuhai thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Russia siv los ua lub hnub qub ntawm cov yeeb yam, ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib txaus siab nrog kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm nws pab pawg Lavxias teb sab Knights aerobatic pab pawg, nthuav tawm cov neeg tua rog, nyoob hoom qav taub thiab thauj dav hlau, thiab yeej ntau lab daus las hauv kev cog lus.

Nws tsis tau nqa ib lub dav hlau tiag tiag los qhia rau xyoo no - tsuas yog ib txhais tes ntawm cov qauv yas, saib xyuas los ntawm kaum tus neeg muag khoom muag.

Tuam Tshoj, tsis zoo li Russia, tau muab tso rau pej xeem saib thiab muag ntau tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov cuab yeej siv tub rog. Thiab yuav luag txhua yam ntawm nws raws li Lavxias thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim khoom zais cia.

Cov neeg tsav dav hlau Pakistani los ntawm pab pawg aerobatic Sherdils yog cov qhua ntawm kev hwm ntawm qhov huab cua no. Lawv ya ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm, uas tam sim no tau tsim los ntawm Pakistan thiab Tuam Tshoj.

"Peb tau koom nrog cov neeg laus hauv kev sib raug zoo no - thiab tam sim no peb yog cov koom nrog hluas," hais tias Ruslan Pukhov, uas yog tus tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Pej Xeem, pawg kws saib xyuas pej xeem rau pawg tub rog.

Qhov xwm txheej ntawm Russia yog kev xav txog qhov xwm txheej nrog ntau lub tuam txhab txawv teb chaws. Tuam Tshoj pib sib tw hauv kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb, muab nws cov tsheb ciav hlau niaj hnub no, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau pej xeem, uas yog raws cov thev naus laus zis tau txais nyob rau sab hnub poob.

Tab sis qhov xwm txheej no, muaj qhov ntxiv uas cuam tshuam txog kev nyab xeeb. Tuam Tshoj tab tom txhim kho riam phom, suav nrog cov dav hlau nqa khoom thiab cov dav hlau thauj khoom, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau Taiwan thiab tawm tsam Asmeskas kev tswj hwm sab hnub poob Pacific.

Kev xa tawm ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws thiab lwm yam riam phom niaj hnub los ntawm Tuam Tshoj kuj tseem yuav hloov pauv kev ua tub rog sib npaug nyob rau sab qab teb Asia, Sudan thiab Iran.

Hais txog nws lub zog ua tub rog, Tuam Tshoj tseem poob qis dua Tebchaws Asmeskas, uas yog ntej ua ntej ntawm txhua lub tebchaws hauv kev tsim khoom thiab xa tawm riam phom. Txij xyoo 2005 txog 2009, Tuam Tshoj suav txog 2% ntawm kev muag riam phom thoob ntiaj teb, thiab Beijing yog lub ntiaj teb thib cuaj tus xa khoom loj tshaj plaws. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau hais los ntawm Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).

Tab sis txij li kev swb ntawm Nyij Pooj xyoo 1945, tsis muaj ib lub tebchaws Asian tau sim ua phiaj xwm nws cov tub rog lub zog.

Tuam Tshoj txoj kev siv thev naus laus zis sai ntawm Russia ua rau muaj lus nug txog Asmeskas kev koom tes nrog cov neeg sawv cev pej xeem ntawm kev lag luam tub rog Suav.

Tuam Tshoj Aviation Tuam Txhab Aviation Kev Lag Luam Corp. Piv txwv li, (AVIC), tsim kev sib ntaus. Tab sis nws kuj tseem tsim cov neeg caij dav hlau tshiab nrog kev pab los ntawm General Electric thiab lwm lub tuam txhab Asmeskas dav hlau. Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Hluav Taws Xob hais tias nws lub tuam txhab tau ua haujlwm koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws tau ntau caum xyoo thiab tau tsim "kev tiv thaiv zoo" nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd kom ntseeg tau tias nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam raug khaws cia.

Cov teeb meem tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau Asmeskas cov phiaj xwm riam phom. Xyoo tas los, Pentagon txiav txim siab txiav nyiaj txiag rau F-22, tam sim no yog lub dav hlau dav hlau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Qhov no yog ib nrab vim tias Tuam Tshoj yuav tsis muaj lub dav hlau zoo li tsawg kawg li 15 xyoos ntxiv.

Tab sis tom qab ntawd, tus thawj coj ntawm Tuam Txhab Tub Rog Suav, General He Weirong (He Weirong) tshaj tawm tias yav tom ntej yuav pib sim kev sim dav hlau Suav ntawm cov dav hlau no, uas yuav nkag mus rau "8-10 xyoo."

Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tam sim no hais tias nws yuav siv Suav "txog 10 xyoo" los lees paub "tus lej tseem ceeb" ntawm cov neeg tua rog siv thev naus laus zis zais cia.

Lub sijhawm no, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Moscow thiab Beijing txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam txoj cai rau cov cuab yeej siv riam phom no tuaj yeem yog qhov kev sim tiag rau lawv kev rau siab kom kov yeej keeb kwm kev sib tw thiab txav mus rau lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev phooj ywg zoo.

"Yav dhau los, peb tsis tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas peb cov cuab yeej cuab tam," tus kws tshaj lij rau kev lag luam tub rog Lavxias hais tias, "thiab tam sim no Tuam Tshoj tseem tab tom tsim kev sib tw rau peb hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb."

Qhov no tau qhia meej tshaj plaws los ntawm Suav Suav J-11B tus neeg tua rog, uas, raws li cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia, yog daim ntawv theej ncaj ntawm lub rooj zaum Su-27 sib ntaus sib tua tsim los ntawm Soviets hauv 70s thiab 80s txhawm rau tsim lub tshuab sib npaug rau Asmeskas F -15 thiab F. -16.

Txog rau thaum ntxov 90s, Moscow tsis tau muab riam phom rau Tuam Tshoj vim yog kev xav sib cais uas tau tshwm sim xyoo 1956. Qhov kev sib cais no txawm coj mus rau kev sib cav sib ceg luv luv hauv xyoo 1969.

Tab sis tom qab kev tawg ntawm Soviet Union, Kremlin xav tau nyiaj txiag nyuaj. Xyoo 1992, Suav tau dhau los ua thawj lub tebchaws sab nraum thaj chaw tom qab-Soviet tau yuav 24 lub dav hlau Su-27 thiab them $ 1 nphom rau lawv.

Qhov kev pom zoo no tau ua tiav loj rau Tuam Tshoj, uas hauv nws cov phiaj xwm tub rog tso tseg kev tawm tsam rau thaj av Soviet thiab tam sim no xav kom paub txog thaj av thov rau Taiwan thiab thaj chaw uas nyob hauv South China thiab East China Seas.

Kev rau siab hloov kho Tuam Tshoj cov tub rog huab cua thiab cov tub rog niaj hnub tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Asmeskas thiab EU kev txwv tsis pub nqa riam phom tom qab kev tsoo ntawm Tiananmen Square kev tawm tsam.

Raws li Western cov tub ceev xwm cov tub ceev xwm, Suav tau lees paub qhov kev xav tau sai rau txoj haujlwm tshiab rau lawv cov tub rog tom qab Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, thaum Tebchaws Meskas tau qhia nws qhov hluav taws kub thiab tawm tsam.

Kev kov yeej hauv Beijing txoj kev siv zog tau tshwm sim xyoo 1996 thaum nws tau them nyiaj rau Russia $ 2.5 nphom rau daim ntawv tso cai sib sau ua ke ntxiv 200 Su-27s ntawm Shenyang Aircraft Company cov chaw.

Daim ntawv cog lus tau teev tseg tias lub dav hlau, dubbed J-11, yuav siv avionics, radar chaw nres tsheb thiab cov cav siv los ntawm Russia thiab yuav tsis raug xa tawm.

Tab sis, tau tsim 105 lub dav hlau zoo li no, Tuam Tshoj xyoo 2004 tsis tau npaj tseg ua qhov kev cog lus no, hais tias lub dav hlau tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau lawm. Cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia thiab cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm kev lag luam tub rog tab tom tham txog qhov no.

Peb xyoos tom qab, kev txhawj xeeb ntawm Lavxias tau lees paub thaum Tuam Tshoj tshaj tawm nws tus kheej lub dav hlau tua rog hauv xeev TV, hu ua J-11B.

"Thaum peb muag daim ntawv tso cai, txhua tus paub lawv yuav ua li ntawd. Nws yog qhov pheej hmoo, thiab peb tau coj nws, "hais tias Vasily Kashin, tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias ntawm pab tub rog Suav. "Nws yog teeb meem ntawm kev muaj sia nyob thaum lub sijhawm."

J-11B yuav luag zoo ib yam rau Su-27, tab sis Beijing tau hais tias nws yog neeg Suav 90% thiab siv Suav avionics thiab radar ntau dua. Tsuas muaj lub cav Lavxias, Suav hais.

Thiab tam sim no lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub tshuab Suav, raws li tau hais los ntawm tus lwm thawj coj ntawm AVIC Zhang Xinguo (Shenyang Aircraft yog ib feem ntawm lub tuam txhab no).

Nws hais tias "Qhov no tsis yog hais tias qhov no tsuas yog luam," nws hais. - Cov xov tooj ntawm tes zoo ib yam. Tab sis thev naus laus zis tau nce mus sai heev. Txawm hais tias sab nrauv txhua yam zoo ib yam, sab hauv, tsis yog txhua yam zoo ib yam."

J -11B nthuav tawm Russia nrog kev xaiv nyuaj - txuas ntxiv muag riam phom rau Tuam Tshoj ntawm qhov pheej hmoo yuav raug cloned, lossis txiav cov khoom siv thiab poob nws feem ntawm cov lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Thaum pib, Russia xav xaus kev sib tham kom muag Su-33 folding-wing fighter dav hlau rau Tuam Tshoj uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm lub dav hlau nqa khoom.

Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws rov pib sib tham, txawm hais tias nws tsis lees paub Suav xav yuav tsuas yog ob lub tsheb, thiab hais kom muab cov khoom loj dua.

Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Sukhoi tuav tuam txhab yog tias nws ntseeg siab hauv nws txoj kev lag luam hauv Suav teb.

Tseeb tiag, ntau tus kws tshaj lij kev ya dav hlau ntseeg tias AVIC muaj teeb meem tsim lub cav Suav rau J-11B nrog tib lub zog thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo ib yam li lub cav Lavxias qub.

Sukhoi ntseeg tias Tuam Tshoj yuav tsum yuav Su-33 ntawm Lavxias cov lus, txij li Beijing yuav pom nws nyuaj los tsim nws tus kheej cov neeg nqa khoom sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau lub sijhawm los ntawm thawj zaug Suav cov dav hlau thauj khoom tau pib xyoo 2011 lossis 2012.

Lub tuam txhab tseem cia siab tias yuav muag Su-27 tshiab, Su-35 rau Suav teb yog tias J-11B tsis muaj kev ua tau zoo.

"Peb tsuas yog cia siab tias peb lub dav hlau yuav zoo dua," hais tias Sergey Sergeev, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Sukhoi. "Nws yog ib yam los ua daim ntawv zoo ntawm rab diav, thiab lwm qhov zoo los theej lub dav hlau."

Tsoomfwv ntawm Russia thiab Tuam Tshoj tsis kam tawm tswv yim txog qhov teeb meem no.

Tab sis tus kheej, cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia tau hais tawm qhov kev ntshai tias Tuam Tshoj yuav sai sai pib tsim khoom loj thiab xa tawm cov neeg tua rog niaj hnub no - tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm Lavxias. Txij xyoo 2001 txog 2008, Tuam Tshoj tau yuav $ 16 nphom muaj nqis ntawm riam phom Lavxias, lossis 40% ntawm tag nrho kev muag khoom Lavxias.

Cov duab tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm hauv Suav cov tub rog lub vev xaib qhia txog lub tshuab tau teeb tsa ntawm J-11B thiab nws qhov hloov kho, J-15, uas yuav siv rau ntawm lub dav hlau nqa khoom.

Qhov no ntxiv dag zog rau Lavxias kev ntshai tias Tuam Tshoj tsuas yog theej the Su-33, uas nws tau txais xyoo 2001 los ntawm Ukraine. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau qhia los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias hauv kev lag luam tub rog.

Xyoo tas los Dubai Cua Qhia, Tuam Tshoj nthuav tawm nws tus kws qhia L-15 thawj zaug. Thaum Lub Rau Hli, Tuam Tshoj tau pib ua yeeb yam ntawm Eurosatory caj npab nthuav tawm hauv Fabkis.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli, Tuam Tshoj tau qhia nws lub dav hlau JF-17 sib koom ua ke nrog Pakistan thawj zaug nyob txawv teb chaws. Nws tau tshwm sim ntawm British Farnborough Air Show.

Thaum lub Cuaj Hli, Tuam Tshoj muaj ib lub tsev pavilions loj tshaj plaws ntawm Cape Town qhia caj npab.

Siemon T. Wezeman, tus muag khoom ntawm SIPRI hais tias "Lawv nthuav tawm ntawm caj npab qhia tias lawv tsis tau koom nrog ua ntej." "Yog tias 15 xyoos dhau los lawv tsis muaj dab tsi hlo li, hnub no lawv muab cov cuab yeej tiv taus ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog."

Tuam Tshoj yog kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho lub tebchaws. Tshwj xeeb, lawv txaus siab rau qhov pheej yig tus nqi zog Lavxias-siv JF-17 tus neeg tua rog.

Lub Kremlin tau pom zoo rov xa lub cav no mus rau Pakistan, vim nws tsis tau cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam caj npab nyob ntawd.

Tab sis nws tau npau taws heev xyoo tas los thaum yav dhau los Soviet koom pheej ntawm Azerbaijan pib sib tham kom tau txais JF-17, raws li cov neeg paub txog qhov xwm txheej.

Tsis tas li ntawd xyoo tas los, Suav JF-17s thiab Lavxias MiG-29s tau sib tw hauv Myanmar, uas thaum kawg tau xaiv cov neeg Lavxias, tab sis them tsawg dua qhov lawv xav tau.

Xyoo no, ob lub tebchaws tau koom nrog kev sib tw hauv tebchaws Egypt. Muaj, Tuam Tshoj muab JF-17 ntawm $ 10 lab tsawg dua Russia rau nws $ 30 lab MiG-29.

Qhov no ua rau Mikhail Poghosyan, uas yog tus thawj coj Sukhoi thiab MiG lub tuam txhab, los tawm tswv yim tias Kremlin tsum tsis txhob muab Russia rau JF-17 lub cav rau Tuam Tshoj.

Txog tam sim no, Kremlin tseem tsis tau ua li ntawd, tab sis cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv Lavxias tau hais lus ntiag tug txog qhov muaj peev xwm ua raws txoj cai thaum muaj xwm txheej uas Tuam Tshoj nce kev xa tawm cov dav hlau niaj hnub zoo li J-11B.

Lub hli tas los, tsoomfwv Lavxias tau tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj tshiab kom suav nrog cov cai ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam txoj cai hauv kev pom zoo ntawm kev muab riam phom mus rau lwm lub xeev.

Raws li cov neeg paub txog qhov xwm txheej no, Thawj Tswj Hwm Dmitry Medvedev tau hais txog qhov teeb meem no thaum nws mus rau Tuam Tshoj thaum Lub Kaum Hli.

“Tau kawg peb txhawj xeeb. Tab sis peb kuj paub tias yuav luag tsis muaj ib yam uas peb tuaj yeem ua tau, hais tias Pukhov ntawm Ministry of Defense Ministry Public Council.

Nug cov lus qhia dab tsi nws yuav muab rau cov tuam txhab Western aerospace, Sukhoi's Sergeev tau hais tias: "Lawv yuav tsum nco ntsoov seb lawv puas muag cov pej xeem lossis cov khoom siv ob. Thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los npaj daim ntawv cog lus ua tib zoo ua tib zoo saib."

Thaum Russia txhawj xeeb txog teeb meem khoom ntiag tug, lwm lub tebchaws txhawj xeeb txog teeb meem kev nyab xeeb. Cov phiaj xwm riam phom pib los ntawm Tuam Tshoj 20-30 xyoo dhau los tab tom pib txi txiv, uas tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog rau lub ntiaj teb sib npaug ntawm kev ua tub rog.

Nws tau cia siab tias J-11B yuav raug siv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Navy ua tus neeg sib ntaus hauv ntej uas muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua mus ntev thoob plaws tag nrho cov dej ntawm South China thiab East China Seas.

Cov neeg nqa khoom dav hlau thiab J-15 cov neeg sib ntaus yuav ntxiv dag zog rau PRC lub peev xwm sib ntaus los tiv thaiv Asmeskas kev cuam tshuam hauv kev tsis sib haum hla Taiwan, nrog rau kev sib tw Asmeskas tswj hwm thaj av Pacific sab hnub poob.

Kev xa riam phom Suav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw muaj teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Pakistan tau lees txais thawj pab pawg ntawm cov neeg tua rog hauv Suav thaum Lub Ob Hlis, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog nrog Is Nrias teb.

Lwm tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm Suav JF-17 cov neeg tua rog suav nrog Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Venezuela, Nigeria, Morocco thiab Qaib Cov Txwv. Yav dhau los, Tuam Tshoj tau muag ib pawg ntawm cov neeg tua rog rau Sudan.

Ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm yuav Suav riam phom Suav, Tebchaws Asmeskas txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws txog Iran. Raws li Lavxias Lub Chaw rau Kev Txheeb Xyuas Ntiaj Teb Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob, thaum xyoo 2002 thiab 2009, Iran tau xaj caj npab los ntawm Tuam Tshoj rau tag nrho kwv yees li $ 260 lab.

Thaum Lub Rau Hli, PRC tau tawm los rau UN rau txim rau Iran, suav nrog rau kev qhia txog kev txwv tsis pub siv riam phom. Txawm li cas los xij, Tehran tseem tab tom sim kom tau txais kev pom zoo rau kev muag cov neeg tua rog Suav thiab lwm yam riam phom.

Pom zoo: