Kev paub txog kev ua tub rog-kev koom tes ntawm Warsaw Pact lub tebchaws tej zaum yuav xav tau hauv CSTO
Xyoo no cim 60 xyoo txij li tsim Warsaw Pact (VD), uas koom ua ke USSR thiab yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe sab hnub tuaj hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tub rog-nom tswv koom siab. Cov laj thawj rau kev sib tsoo ntawm lub koom haum tshwj xeeb no tsuas yog kev nom kev tswv, meej dua - Gorbachev txoj kev dag ntxias mus rau kev sib tsoo ntawm kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv NATO kev koom tes. Lub caij no, VD tau cim rau qib tshiab uas tsim nyog hauv kev txhim kho kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov tebchaws uas koom nrog los ntawm kev sib koom tes sib koom tes sib koom tes. Qhov kev paub no tuaj yeem xav tau niaj hnub no.
Twb tau nyob rau lub Rau Hli 1955, ib hlis tom qab tshaj tawm ntawm Warsaw Pact, cov tebchaws koom nrog tau pom zoo los tsim txoj haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev koom tes ua ke. Nws tau npaj tiav los ntawm 1958 thiab tau hloov kho rau hauv tus account geopolitical xwm txheej thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj, yog tias xyoo 1961, los ntawm kev koom tes hauv cov tebchaws ntawm cov tub rog, kwv yees li 25 feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog-txuj ci tsim tawm, tom qab xyoo 70s, ntau dua 40 feem pua.
Kev sib koom (kev ncaj ncees) kev nqis peev ntawm R & D thiab cov khoom tiav tau ua tiav, uas qhov sib faib ntawm USSR tsawg kawg 40 feem pua. Lub Tebchaws Yelemees Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab Czechoslovakia - kwv yees li 20 feem pua ntawm txhua qhov. Raws li kev koom tes hauv xyoo 1950 thiab 1970s, kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj cua thiab thaj chaw ceeb toom, ceeb toom thiab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv riam phom, submarines thiab dav dav dav dav rog, nrog rau cov cuab yeej kom ntseeg tau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua pauj rau NATO cov hom phiaj, tau tsim hauv xyoo 1950 thiab 1970s. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev faib tawm ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj German thiab Czechoslovak "ntim khoom", piv txwv li, hauv Soviet lub foob pob hluav taws thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tiv thaiv foob pob hluav taws ntau dua 30 feem pua feem ntau, thiab hauv cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis ntawm lub tank thiab USSR Navy tau txog 20 feem pua.
Kev txhim kho ze ntawm kev koom tes ua tub rog-kev lag luam hauv VD tsis tuaj yeem tab sis txhawj xeeb cov tswv cuab hauv tebchaws ntawm NATO pawg. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam kev siv zog tau ua kom qeeb thiab cuam tshuam qhov kev cuam tshuam no, suav nrog kev siv txoj cai txawv teb chaws yuam kev ntawm Soviet kev coj noj coj ua.
Yog li ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 50s, txoj cai tiv thaiv Stalinist ntawm Moscow tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog Albania, uas tau koom nrog VD, thiab nws tau nyob hauv lub tebchaws no (txij li xyoo 1951) loj tshaj plaws Soviet naval puag hauv cheeb tsam Mediterranean tau nyob - chaw nres nkoj Vlora. Ntxiv mus, nws tau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm NATO cov chaw pabcuam tub rog hauv tebchaws Ltalis thiab Greece, uas tsis tuaj yeem tabsis txwv txoj kev nruj ntawm kev sib koom tes hauv thaj av Balkan-Black Sea (nrog rau tawm tsam Egypt thaum lub sijhawm Suez teeb meem xyoo 1955-1956). Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog Tirana yuav luag dhau los ua tub rog ntawm USSR tawm tsam Albania. Xyoo 1961, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau khiav tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Albania yuav luag tsis muab cov chromium, cobalt, vanadium, npib tsib xee thiab lawv cov alloys, mercury, graphite rau Soviet tiv thaiv kev lag luam. Yog, qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom siv no, nws yuav zoo li, tsis loj, tab sis lawv cov nqi sib npaug rau ib chav ntawm cov khoom tso tawm yog tsawg kawg plaub zaug qis dua piv rau kev nqis peev peev ntawm 60s - thaum ntxov 80s hauv kev txhim kho cov peev txheej ntawm tib cov ntaub ntawv raw hauv USSR, Bulgaria, GDR …
Raws li muaj cov ntaub ntawv, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Soviet kev tawm tsam hauv cov tebchaws ntawm Internal Affairs kuj tau tsom, ntawm lwm yam, ntawm kev tshem tawm kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Cov xwm txheej tsis zoo hauv Hungary (1956), Czechoslovakia (1968), Poland (1980) coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias xyoo 1956-1957, 1967-1969 thiab 1980-1983, kev muab cov khoom tiv thaiv rau kev koom tes los ntawm cov tebchaws no tau raug txo los ntawm tsawg kawg ib nrab
Xyoo 1966, kev sib koom ua haujlwm sib luag tau tsim rau kev ua tub rog-kev lag luam ntawm tag nrho VD cheeb tsam, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muab cov khoom lag luam koom tes. Xyoo 1967, daim ntawv no tau txais thiab tau pib ua tiav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaum pib xyoo 1980s, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov tebchaws ntawm VD rau cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom lag luam ib nrab, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom tiav tau muab rau ntau dua 90 feem pua los ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev koom tes nrog kev lag luam ntawm cov tebchaws uas koom nrog (txawm hais tias xyoo 1968 Romania tshaj tawm kev koom tes tsawg hauv cov thev naus laus zis, thiab Albania hauv tib lub xyoo tau thim tawm ntawm VD). Dab tsi uas ploj lawm - feem ntau yog cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom tiav ib nrab - tau xa los ntawm Is Nrias teb tus phooj ywg, Cuba, Nyab Laj, Guyana, Guinea, Iraq, Congo (Brazzaville), Angola, Mozambique, Uganda.
Thiab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 70s, "phiaj xwm phiaj xwm" tau tsim los rau cov lag luam - cov chaw muag khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog (suav nrog nruab nrab, uas yog, yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv) hauv cheeb tsam VD. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau los ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1980 los txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam thiab thev naus laus zis kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tuam txhab no thiab txhawm rau txo tus nqi thauj thiab kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm ntau dua li ib feem peb.
Qhov kev paub tshwj xeeb zoo li no yuav yog qhov xav tau hauv kev txhim kho kev ua tub rog-kev koom tes hauv CSTO. Nws yog qhov cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov kev nyiam hauv tebchaws thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tsim riam phom hauv thaj av NATO ze rau ciam teb ntawm Lavxias Federation thiab Belarus. Ntxiv mus, kev sib koom tes tab tom tsim cov phiaj xwm no cuam tshuam nrog Ukraine, Georgia (kom paub meej ntxiv - "Nyob, kuv li", "MIC", No. 44, 2015).
Los ntawm txoj kev, mus txog ib feem peb ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe lub tebchaws-cov neeg koom nrog yav dhau los Warsaw Pact tam sim no siv los ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov thawj coj hauv xeev NATO. Lub luag haujlwm thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov chaw no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev coj ntawm North Atlantic Alliance rov qab rau hauv 60s thiab 70s …
