"Pearl" thiab "Emerald" hauv Tsushima. Cov neeg ua haujlwm Cruisers hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14

Cov txheej txheem:

"Pearl" thiab "Emerald" hauv Tsushima. Cov neeg ua haujlwm Cruisers hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14
"Pearl" thiab "Emerald" hauv Tsushima. Cov neeg ua haujlwm Cruisers hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14

Video: "Pearl" thiab "Emerald" hauv Tsushima. Cov neeg ua haujlwm Cruisers hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14

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Video: kablia vwj yog tau koj ho zoo li cas nkaujtawmtshiab 2021-2022 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Xav txog qhov kev ua ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj tiv thaiv "Pearls" thiab "Emerald" nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm Tsushima kev sib ntaus, peb theem tseem ceeb tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv: txij thaum kaj ntug mus txog thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm 13:49 Lub sijhawm Lavxias; los ntawm 13.49 txog 16.00 kwv yees, thaum cov neeg caij nkoj tau sim daws cov dej num uas tau muab rau lawv ua ntej kev sib ntaus los ntawm Z. P. Rozhdestvensky, ntxiv rau los ntawm 16.00 txog rau thaum kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hnub. Nyob rau lub sijhawm kawg, "Emerald" tseem tab tom ua tiav nws lub luag haujlwm raws li "rov xyaum ua haujlwm thiab cawm" lub nkoj nrog lub zog tseem ceeb, thiab "Pearl" tau koom nrog lub nkoj ntawm Rear Admiral O. A. Nug.

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Ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua pib

Cov xwm txheej ua ntej 13.49 hnub tau piav qhia ntxaws ua ntej, Kuv tsuas yog ceeb toom koj tias ob qho tib si "Pearl" thiab "Emerald" tau nrog cov tub rog tseem ceeb thiab tsis tau txav deb ntawm pab tub rog rau kev tshawb nrhiav. Muaj peb qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no:

1. Kev rov tshawb xyuas ua rau muaj kev nkag siab tsuas yog thaum nws tso cai rau koj txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov yeeb ncuab hauv nkoj thiab saib xyuas nws kom txog thaum cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntsib. Cov tub rog caij nkoj thib ob thiab thib 3 ntawm Pacific tau me me thiab tsis muaj zog rau kev tshawb nrhiav haujlwm thiab tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no;

2. Txawm hais tias yog vim li cas hauv nqe lus 1., Kev sim ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis xav txog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau xav kom mus txog (sab qaum teb), muaj cov khoom siv caij nkoj muaj zog ntawm Nyij Pooj, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj hauv qhov tsis sib xws rau peb cov xwm txheej. Hauv qhov no, Lavxias lub nkoj sib cais yuav ua rau nws lub peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua txawm tias ua ntej pib kev sib ntaus sib tua uas nws xav tias yuav tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los, thiab, feem ntau yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lawv ntxiv lawm;

3. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev tsis lees paub los ntawm kev soj ntsuam nkoj, raws li tus kws sau ntawv, yog lub hom phiaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Z. P. Rozhestvensky, uas txhais tau tias rov tsim kho kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev saib ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Txhawm rau ua tiav txoj haujlwm no, nws tsis tas yuav tsum ua tus saib xyuas peb tus kheej, lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov yeeb ncuab lub nkoj saib xyuas, vim tus thawj coj Nyij Pooj yuav tsum paub tias cov neeg Lavxias tau tawm tsam thiab tsim phiaj xwm kev tawm tsam rau lub zog loj ntawm Cov tub rog Lavxias ntawm qhov no.

"Pearl" ua kom txog thaum 16.00

Thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov tub rog Lavxias tau tawm tsam ntawm sab laug, Zhemchug thiab Izumrud tau nyob ntawm lub hnub qub, ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev xyaum ua nkoj, thiab ntxiv rau, lawv yuav tsum npog lub zog tseem ceeb los ntawm kev tawm tsam kuv thiab muab kev pab mus rau lub knocked tawm ships. Raws li tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los, "Pearl" tau ua li ntawd, tab sis, yuam kev xav tias cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau txav mus rau sab xis ntawm pawg tub rog, txiav los ntawm nws txoj kev tsim kom nyob rau sab laug thiab yog li tsaws sab xis ntawm kev sib ntaus kab. Tom qab ntawd nws, zoo li nws tau "nqis" mus rau lub nkoj kawg ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias, thiab rov hla mus rau nws sab xis. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis xav cuam tshuam nrog kev sib ntaus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, "General-Admiral Apraksin" qeeb qeeb, uas ua rau lub nkoj pabcuam "Ural", uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yuav luag poob kev tswj hwm, ua rau ntau ntawm "Pearl", thiab hauv "Ural" nws tus kheej nws tau ntseeg tias "tawg" "Emerald". Tom qab ntawd, "Pearl" tau sim txav mus rau tom ntej, tab sis pom lub nkoj sib tsoo puas, thiab mus txog nws, ntseeg tias nws yog tus chij "Prince Suvorov", txawm hais tias qhov tseeb nws yog "Alexander III". Lub sijhawm no, cov neeg rhuav tshem Lavxias tau hla dhau Zhemchug, ntawm ib tus neeg ua haujlwm tus chij Z. P. Rozhdestvensky Clapier-de-Colong, yog li qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim tias tag nrho lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab tus thawj tub rog tseem nyob ntawm tus neeg rhuav tshem. Cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau mus txog "Alexander III", thiab tus thawj coj ntawm "Pearl" P. P. Levitsky, tsis muaj sijhawm los muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib ntaus sib tua (tsuas yog kuv lub tsheb uas tus neeg caij nkoj tuaj yeem siv hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo siab tau raug puas ntsoog thaum lub caij sib tsoo nrog "Ural"), tau kawg, thim rov qab. "Zhemchug" tau ua raws cov neeg rhuav tshem, ntseeg tias tus thawj tub rog xav hloov mus rau lub nkoj caij nkoj tawm ntawm thaj chaw tua hluav taws, tab sis qhov no tsis tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum txog 16.00, "Pearl" tau koom nrog kev caij nkoj ntawm Rear Admiral O. A. Enquista, koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Japanese cruisers. "Izumrud" ua dab tsi nyob rau lub sijhawm no?

Kev ua "Emerald" los ntawm 13.49 txog 16.00

Tus neeg caij nkoj no, raws li cov lus txib ntawm Baron Vasily Nikolaevich Fersen, los ntawm kev xaj ntawm Z. P. Rozhestvensky tau ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li Zhemchug, tab sis nrog rau qhov kev tiv thaiv thib ob tiv thaiv, coj los ntawm Oslyabey, thaum Zhemchug - nrog rau 1st, uas muaj los ntawm Borodino -chav sib ntaus sib tua. Nrog qhov pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb "Emerald" rub rov qab mus rau qhov kev hla "Oslyabi", thiab qee lub sijhawm tsis muaj dab tsi txaus siab tshwm sim rau nws.

Tus neeg caij nkoj tau ua thawj qhov kev nqis tes ua sai tom qab Oslyabya thaum kawg poob nws lub peev xwm sib ntaus. Raws li koj paub, qhov kawg ntawm 14.45 tau tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim nrog lub zog khov kho rau hneev thiab yob mus rau sab laug, tig mus rau kev tawm tsam rau pawg tub rog (uas yog, 180 degrees) thiab nres lub tshuab. Txawm li cas los xij, tus thawj coj ntawm "Izumrud" tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog thib ob xav tau nws kev pab. Tab sis cov npe ntawm Oslyabya tau nce nrawm dua thaum cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog dhau los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua raug rhuav tshem, thiab thaum Oslyabya pom nws tus kheej rov qab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov tub rog thib 3, nws mam li tig mus sai.

Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm V. N. Fersen, nws hais rau Emerald mus rau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tuag, pom tias Oslyabya nyob hauv kev nyuaj siab: tej zaum nws yog txog lub sijhawm uas tom kawg pib ntxeev. Ntxiv rau "Izumrud", 4 tus neeg rhuav tshem kuj tau mus rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov xwm txheej, suav nrog "Exuberant" thiab "Bravy". Lawv yog thawj tus neeg ua tiav thiab twb tau cawm tib neeg nrog lub zog thiab lub hauv paus, thaum Emerald tau los txog: los ntawm qhov kawg lawv tau tso pob tawb, thau nkoj thiab ib lub whaleboat tsis muaj neeg caij nkoj, thaum tus neeg caij nkoj nws tus kheej nres.

Dab tsi tshwm sim tom ntej no tsis meej kiag li. Piv txwv li, V. V. Khromov taw qhia tias "Izumrud" tau cawm tib neeg kom txog thaum nws pom lub nkoj ntawm cov tub rog thib 3 tuaj txog ze nws, thiab tom qab ntawd nws raug yuam kom thim rov qab kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm li cas los xij, tus sau tsab xov xwm no tsis paub meej tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li cas: kev txhais lus tsis sib xws ntau dhau nrog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chav nyob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Feem ntau yuav yog, nyob zoo V. V. Khromov tau coj los ntawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm V. N. Fersen, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias hauv ntu no nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Nov yog qhov tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj "Izumrud" pom lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua no:

"Ob peb lub sijhawm tom qab nres ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Oslyabya, kuv pom tias kuv tab tom cuam tshuam nrog kev txav ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua uas tab tom taug kev rau kuv; thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas lawv tig - Kuv tsis paub. Kuv pom cov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov sib cais thib 3 raws li lub taub hau, thiab tom qab lawv 3 sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov sib cais thib ob; thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov tub rog, nyob ntawm ib sab, tiv thaiv Suvorov, uas nws cov masts, chim chim thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem sab saud raug tua, thiab qhov uas muaj hluav taws kub."

Feem ntau yuav tshwm sim cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim ze rau 16.00, thaum pawg tub rog tau coj los ntawm "Borodino": los ntawm lub sijhawm no kev tsim cov nkoj Lavxias tau zoo heev. Thawj yog Borodino, ua raws Eagle, thiab tom qab ntawd Sisoy Great, tab sis tom kawg, tau txais kev puas tsuaj, tau tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, yog li Emperor Nicholas Kuv tau hloov nws. Nws tau ua raws txhua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, thaum lawv sawv, "Navarin", "Admiral Nakhimov" thiab rov qab los ua haujlwm "Alexander III". Tej zaum, nws yog cov nkoj ntawm V. N. Fersen coj qhov kev tshem tawm thib ob rau kev sib ntaus sib tua - thiab yog, feem ntau, tsis deb ntawm qhov tseeb.

"Pearl" thiab "Emerald" tom qab 16.00

Yog li ntawd, thaum txog plaub teev tsaus ntuj, nws tau pom tias tsuas yog ob lub nkoj tseem nyob ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tiv thaiv "patronized" los ntawm "Pearls" thiab "Emerald", thiab hauv ob qho kev tshem tawm cov chij tseem tsis tau xaj. Dab tsi tshwm sim tom ntej? Hmoov tsis zoo, cov peev txheej tsis muab cov lus teb tsis meej rau lo lus nug no. Yog li, A. A. Alliluyev thiab M. A. Bogdanov lees tias thaum txog 16.00 "Zhemchug" thiab "Izumrud" koom nrog kev caij nkoj tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los, thaum lwm tus (V. V. Khromov, piv txwv) qhia tias O. A. Tsuas yog Pearl koom nrog Enquista.

Txhawm rau nkag siab tias txhua yam nyob hauv qhov tseeb yog li cas, peb yuav txiav txim siab luv luv tias kev caij nkoj ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias tau ua dab tsi nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Lawv cov maneuvers thiab kev sib ntaus yog cov ncauj lus rau kev ua haujlwm loj sib cais, yog li nws ua rau txiav txim siab txwv peb tus kheej tsuas yog cov lus piav qhia dav dav ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Nws txhua yam pib nrog "Izumi", uas tau sim ua kom ze rau kev thauj mus los thiab tua hluav taws ntawm lawv los ntawm sab ntawm "Vladimir Monomakh" thaum qhov kawg nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Rear Admiral UA Enquist, pom tseeb, xav ua kom puas tus Japanese cruiser, thaum nws mus rau Oleg ua ke nrog Aurora thiab Dmitry Donskoy los pab - Izumi tau khiav tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd cov tub rog Nyij Pooj thib 3 thiab 4 tau tshwm sim: "Kasagi", "Chitose", "Otova" thiab "Niitaka" raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Admiral Deva thiab "Naniwa", "Takachiho", "Akashi" thiab " Tsushima "" Hauv qab tus chij ntawm Vice Admiral Uriu. Thaum 14.30, kev sib ntaus sib tua pib, thiab muaj pes tsawg tus neeg Nyij Pooj ntau dua li cov neeg Lavxias tawm ntawm ib nrab. 15.10 OA Nws. Enqvist tig 16 cov ntsiab lus (180 degrees) txhawm rau sib cais nrog cov neeg Nyij Pooj ntawm kev tawm tsam, hla nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab kev thauj mus los (tej zaum yog lub sijhawm ntawd cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias tau nyob deb heev ntawm qhov kawg), tab sis cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau rov ua haujlwm ntawm Lavxias rov qab admiral Thiab tom qab tsuas yog 10 feeb, ntawm 15.20, peb ntau tus neeg caij nkoj Nyij Pooj tau mus txog: "Suma", "Chiyoda" thiab "Akitsushima", ua qhov piv txwv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov nkoj Lavxias.

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Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm Nyij Pooj tsis raug qhov tseeb, raws li tau sau tseg hauv nws tsab ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm O. A. Enquist, thiab peb cov neeg caij nkoj tuaj yeem tuav tau. Ntxiv mus - thaum 15.35 ntawm "Oleg" lawv pom qhov xwm txheej ntawm "Tub Vaj Ntxwv Suvorov", Tus Thawj Tub Rog Nkoj tau coj nws tus neeg caij nkoj thiab "Aurora" mus cawm, tawm mus kom npog kev thauj mus los tsuas yog "Vladimir Monomakh" thiab "Dmitry Donskoy" - tab sis thaum nws pom tias cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lavxias tau txav mus los ntawm "Suvorov", rov qab mus rau kev thauj mus los txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis sib xws. Raws li O. A. Enquista zoo li no:

"Thaum txog 4 teev tsaus ntuj," Oleg "thiab" Aurora ", pom txoj hauv kev ntawm pab tub rog los pab Suvorov thiab pom qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev thauj mus los, uas nyob ntawm ib sab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv tub rog caij nkoj, nrog" Vladimir Monomakh " "Thiab" Dmitry Donskoy "uas koom nrog lub teeb liab los ntawm" Oleg ", tau mus rau kev sib tham nrog tus yeeb ncuab; tau tig mus rau sab xis, "Pearls" thiab "Emerald" kuj tau koom nrog kev caij nkoj, qhov muaj nyob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tuaj yeem nqa txiaj ntsig."

Tus thawj coj Zhemchug piav txog lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua zoo ib yam, tab sis txawv me ntsis. P. P. Levitsky pom qhov xwm txheej zoo li no "Oleg", "Aurora", "Dmitry Donskoy" thiab "Vladimir Monomakh", txav mus rau hauv kab sawv, tab tom sib ntaus 10 tus yeeb ncuab lub teeb cruisers (lub sijhawm ntawm PP Levitsky - qhov no yog qhov tseeb) nws tau sau rau hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, thiab qhov no yog daim duab raug, txij li Takachiho, raws li tau raug tsoo los ntawm Lavxias lub plhaub uas ua rau lub kauj tsheb puas, raug yuam kom thim tawm ntawm kev sib ntaus rau qee lub sijhawm) ntawm qhov deb ntawm 20-25 kab. Thaj, P. P. Levitsky, thiab O. A. Enquist, txiav txim siab tias nws tseem nyob nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub zog loj yuav tsis pab dab tsi, thiab nyiam txhawb nqa lub nkoj. Nws nws tus kheej piav nws qhov kev txiav txim siab raws li hauv qab no:

"Pom tias cov yeeb ncuab caij nkoj tau thawb peb, Kuv tau nkag los ntawm Vladimir Monomakh los koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, los pab peb cov neeg caij nkoj thiab pab kom pab pawg tua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab pom."

Yog li, Zhemchug tau koom nrog OA lub nkoj tiag. Nug, tab sis muaj qee qhov ua xyem xyav txog Emerald. Yog lawm, hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, Rear Admiral tau qhia ncaj qha tias tus neeg caij nkoj V. N. Fersen koom nrog nws lub nkoj, tab sis P. P. Levitsky: "Lub Emerald kuj tau koom nrog cov neeg caij nkoj:" Almaz "thiab" Svetlana "kuj tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no" tuaj yeem nkag siab kom nkag tau ntawm "Izumrud" suav nrog qhov tseeb tias nws nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus nrog tib tus yeeb ncuab, as cruiser OA Nug. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tus thawj coj ntawm "Izumrud" V. N. Fersen, hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tsis hais ib lo lus txog qhov tseeb tias nws tau txuas nws lub nkoj mus rau cov neeg caij nkoj. Raws li qhov tseeb, nws cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim ib puag ncig 16.00 yog raws li hauv qab no:

"Rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim cov neeg caij nkoj thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm pawg thib peb thiab thib ob, lawv tau sib koom ua ke; Kuv tau txuas rau sab nraud ntawm lub voj voog ntawm qhov kev tsim tawm tsam lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm Nakhimov (pem hauv ntej) thiab Oleg thiab txhawb nqa hluav taws ntawm cov yeeb ncuab cruisers. Ua ntej ntawm kuv, hla qhov ncua sij hawm tom ntej, sab nraud, yog Almaz nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, ib feem ntawm pab tub rog, uas kuv koom nrog, raug tua los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm sab xis, thiab cov neeg caij nkoj sab laug. Nws nyuaj heev kom ua raws txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua, txij li thaum kuv yuav tsum tau them tag nrho kuv cov xim rau kev tswj hwm lub nkoj, kom tsis txhob sib tsoo nrog ib qho ntawm kev thauj mus los uas tau poob txhua qhov kev tsim, thiab cov neeg rhuav tshem uas tau txiav tas li kev tsim: Kuv yuav tsum tau rov ua dua los ntawm kev nrawm nrawm, muab rov qab lossis kaw lub tshuab, yog li peb yuav tsum tso cov pa nkag rau hauv lub tub yees, dua li tom kawg tau tshuab thiab tom qab xau."

Hauv lwm lo lus, ib tus tau txais qhov kev xav tias ze dua rau 16.00, thaum Lavxias sib ntaus sib tua, raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua, zoo li rov qab mus rau qhov kev thauj mus los uas lawv tau tso tseg ua ntej, nws hloov tawm tias tom kawg, tom qab chaotically heev, pom lawv tus kheej nruab nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias thiab cov neeg caij nkoj, thiab hauv pawg no, me ntsis thiab txaus siab "Emerald". Nws tsis koom nrog leej twg, tab sis "txhua lub sijhawm nws khaws hluav taws ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nkoj uas tuaj txog ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm lub foob pob" (raws li VN Ferzen). Thaj, cov tub rog caij nkoj ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau pom zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm Emerald, uas tsim qhov kev xav tsis tseeb ntawm lub nkoj no koom nrog cov nkoj ntawm O. Nug.

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Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias tom qab 16.00 thiab, kwv yees txog 17.15, thaum sib ntaus sib tua, raws li tus kws sau keeb kwm kev ua tsov rog Tsushima, "nqe me ntsis", "Pearl" thiab "Emerald" yuav tsum koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav. Nws yuav zoo li los ntawm 4.10 teev tsaus ntuj txog 5:15 teev tsaus ntuj txoj haujlwm ntawm "Oleg", "Aurora", "Vladimir Monomakh" thiab "Dmitry Donskoy" txhim kho me ntsis, vim tias lawv kuj tau txhawb los ntawm "Zhemchug", "Izumrud" thiab " Svetlana "nrog" Almaz ", yog li qhov sib piv ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj tau dhau los ua 10: 8 hauv kev nyiam ntawm Nyij Pooj, yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, Almaz nrog nws 4 * 75-mm cov phom loj tau suav ua tus cruiser tiag. Tab sis qhov tseeb, tsis muaj kev txhim kho tshwm sim, txij li lub nkoj ntawm Rear Admiral O. A. Cov Enquistas raug ntes nyob hauv qhov hluav taws kub. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus thawj tub rog tom qab: “Ntxiv mus, txhawm rau dag tib yam rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj Japanese, peb cov neeg caij nkoj tau pib ntsaws rau sab laug. Thaum lub sijhawm tig no, kev caij nkoj hla tau hla kev hla ntawm ib sab ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj, ntawm lwm qhov, Nissina thiab Kasugi. Ntxiv mus, O. A. Enquist tau sau tseg tias nws yog lub sijhawm no uas nws tau coj "Oleg" thiab "Aurora" tau txais qhov raug mob hnyav tshaj plaws. Qhov twg, txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob: Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau sim hloov lawv cov phom zoo tshaj plaws mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj, kom lawv tua tau zoo dua li cov tub rog caij nkoj.

Txawm li cas los xij, ob tus neeg Nyij Pooj thiab Lavxias tau txais kev txhawb nqa - Admiral Kataoka tuaj txog los pab Nyij Pooj nrog Chin -Yen thiab peb Matsushimas, thiab ntxiv rau, pab tub rog Lavxias raug ntes los ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj ntawm Kh Kamimura. Tab sis cov nkoj ntawm O. Enquista tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lawv cov kev sib ntaus sib tua, tsis txuas nrog hauv kev sib ntaus nrog 1st kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm H. Togo. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias hauv ntu no Nyij Pooj "lub tsho tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob" tau txais qhov phem tshaj plaws: Kasagi thiab Naniwa raug yuam kom tawm ntawm cov qib, thiab cov haujlwm ntawm Kasagi tau hnyav heev uas Chitose yuav tsum nrog nws mus rau Aburadani Bay. "Naniwa" muaj peev xwm kho nws tus kheej sai, thiab tsis ntev nws tau rov qab los rau nws qhov kev sib cais.

Hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, kev koom tes ntawm Pearl, thiab feem ntau yuav yog Emerald, tau xaus ua ntej 17.00, raws li cov neeg caij nkoj Japanese, tau txais kev puas tsuaj, thim rov qab thiab mus dhau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tua hluav taws ntawm lub nkoj 120-mm. Raws li qhov txheeb ze txoj haujlwm ntawm kev caij nkoj thiab tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, tus neeg caij nkoj, nrog rau "Pearl", poob qis tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua me ntsis, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav tsum ntes. Thaum txog 17.30, sawv ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj tau ntes nrog cov tub rog tseem ceeb thiab nyob ntawm 12-15 (raws li ntau qhov chaw) cov xov hlau los ntawm lawv, thaum "Oleg" nyob ntawm txoj kev hla ntawm "Emperor Nicholas I". Yog li, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias "Pearl" nyob nrog cov neeg caij nkoj txhua lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tom qab "Vladimir Monomakh" txhua lub sijhawm no. Tab sis dab tsi Emerald tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsis meej, tab sis txiav txim los ntawm kev piav qhia ntawm V. N. Fersen, nws tsis koom nrog lub nkoj cruiser, thiab ze rau 17.30, nws lub nkoj tau tsoo ntawm "Emperor Nicholas I", uas yog, nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no thiab lub nkoj loj tshaj plaws OA. Nrhiav "Oleg".

Txog lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog caij nkoj tiv thaiv Nyij Pooj tau rov qab los thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua tau rov pib dua, thiab ob qho tib si Pearl thiab Emerald tau koom tes nrog nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "Pearl" tuav rau lub nkoj ntawm O. A. Enquista, txawm hais tias, tej zaum, tsis ua raws lawv hauv kev tsim tsim, thiab Emerald tau tawm tsam ntawm sab hnub poob, nyob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj, txawm li cas los xij, tsis rub tawm, txuas ntxiv mus txog qhov siab kawg ntawm 18.00 lossis tsawg dua.

Qhov ntawd yog hnub kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Zhemchug, tab sis pab pawg Emerald tseem nyob hauv qhov kev zoo siab. Thaum 18.30 nws tau pom zoo li "Alexander III" cov nplaim taws tshwm ntawm lub qhov taub, thiab nws tawm mus yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam: nws nrawm nroos thiab tig rov qab.

Duab
Duab

Emerald tam sim ntawd mus rau qhov chaw sib tsoo. Thaum tau mus txog lub nkoj uas tau tsoo (lub pob zeb ntawm "Alexander III" nyob saum dej), "Emerald" tau nres thiab pib tso pob zeb me me, cov voj voos thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam uas tus neeg poob dej tuaj yeem tuav tau, thiab ntxiv rau, pib ua haujlwm nkoj nkoj, txij li txhua lub whaleboats los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau puas los yog puv nrog dej thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua thiab siv tsis tau. Tab sis lub sijhawm ntawd, kev sib ntaus sib tua zaum thib 2 tau mus txog qhov chaw tuag ntawm "Alexander III": 6 lub nkoj tiv thaiv ntawm H. Kamimura, suav nrog "Asam" uas tau rov qab los ua haujlwm. Yog lawm, Cov nkoj Nyij Pooj tau qhib hluav taws tam sim ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj tseem nyob, thiab cov tub rog Lavxias tsis tuaj yeem npog Emerald, vim tias nws cov nkoj kawg twb dhau 2 mais ntawm nws lawm, thiab qhov kev nrug deb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab dhau 40 kab. Rau qhov credit ntawm V. N. Fersen, "Emerald" tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw kom txog thaum qhov kev ncua mus rau lub nkoj Japanese uas ze tshaj plaws tau txo qis mus rau 23 kab, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd xaj kom muab nrawm. Txij li qhov no, tau kawg, tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav ib zaug, Emerald tau mus txog rau lub nkoj Nyij Pooj txog 20 lub xov tooj ua ntej nws tuaj yeem tsoo qhov kev ncua deb thiab thim rov qab mus rau lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias.

Ntawm qhov no, kev koom tes ntawm "Pearls" thiab "Emerald" hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14 tuaj yeem suav tias ua tiav. Koj tuaj yeem hais dab tsi txog kev ua ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj no?

Ib co lus xaus

Hmoov tsis zoo, kev koom tes hauv Tsushima kev sib ntaus ntawm Lavxias armored cruisers ntawm qib thib ob hauv Tsushima tau piav qhia tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw nkag tau yooj yim tshaj plaws (V. V. Khromov, A. A. Alliluyev, MA Raws li lawv, qhov kev xav yog tias cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias tsis tau tawm tsam tiag tiag, tab sis tsuas yog tam sim no thaum swb ntawm pab pawg Lavxias, thiab tseem, qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb. Ib lub sijhawm uas tos tsis taus, thaum "Pearl" thiab "Emerald" tsis tau sim koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, ua lub luag haujlwm "xyaum ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm rau kuv lub nkoj" uas Z. P. Rozhdestvensky, kav ntev los ntawm 13.49 txog 16.00. Thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd nws tau dhau los ua "diluted" dashing raid ntawm "Pearl" nruab nrab ntawm cov kab sawv ntawm cov pab pawg sib ntaus, txawm tias ua yuam kev. Thiab tom qab ntawd, txij li 4 teev tsaus ntuj txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj, ob qho tib si Zhemchug thiab Emerald tau tawm tsam kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav thiab sov nrog cov tub rog Nyij Pooj.

Kev ua ntawm "Novik" ntawm Chaw Nkoj Arthur thaum yav tav su ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 27, 1904, thaum lub nkoj me me "dhia" ntawm pab tub rog Nyij Pooj, mus txog 15-17 kab, tsim nyog tau txais qhov kev txaus siab tshaj plaws. Tab sis "Pearl" nrog "Emerald" kuj feem ntau pom lawv tus kheej nyob ze rau ntawm cov nkoj Nyij Pooj hnyav. Zhemchug, txav mus rau sab laug ntawm pab tub rog, txaus ntshai mus rau Nissin thiab Kasuga, ua 25 kab lossis tsawg dua los ntawm lawv, thiab tom qab ntawd, mus txog Alexander III, tsuas yog 20 kab los ntawm Nyij Pooj sib ntaus sib tua. Dab tsi txog Baron V. N. Fersen, tom qab ntawd nws tau sim cawm cov neeg coob ntawm Alexander III, rau qhov nws tau tso cai rau Emerald sawv ntsug (!) tau sau tseg tias tus neeg caij nkoj tsis tau tsoo tawm tsuas yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tau txais kev puas tsuaj dab tsi? Raws li A. A. Alliluyeva thiab MA Bogdanov's "Emerald" hauv kev sib ntaus nruab hnub tau tsoo los ntawm 3 lub plhaub, uas tsis ua rau nws muaj kev puas tsuaj tshwj xeeb. Tab sis hauv cov lus ceeb toom ntawm tus thawj coj thiab tub ceev xwm ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj, tus naj npawb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntaus tsis tau qhia, thiab cov duab muab los ntawm cov sau ntawv saum toj no tuaj yeem ua yuam kev. Qhov tseeb yog A. A. Alliluyev thiab M. A. Bogdanov tshaj tawm txog 17 hits hauv "Pearl", tab sis qhov no yog qhov yuam kev pom tseeb, vim tias hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm O. A. Tshawb xyuas kev puas tsuaj rau "Pearl" tau tshaj tawm qhia ntxaws, thiab lawv cov npe suav nrog 17 yam:

1. Lub chimney nruab nrab thiab nws cov casing tau tawg.

2. Lub chim chim pem hauv ntej raug thim los ntawm tej tawg ntawm lub plhaub tawg.

3. Tus kiv cua tau xuas nrig rau ntau qhov chaw.

4. Lub qhov rooj nkag tus thawj coj lub hauv paus tawg.

5. Lub thav duab tau thim ntawm tus thawj coj lub qhov rooj nkag.

6. Lub taub hau loj ntawm lub dab da dej yog lub qhov ntxa thiab hlais.

7. Tus thawj coj ntawm tus ntaiv nkag tau tawg.

8. Sab saum toj ntoo thiab hlau lawj ntawm kwv yees li 120-mm rab phom # 1 tau raug hlais.

9. Lub lawj sab saud thiab nyob ze tus thawj coj lub qhov rooj nkag tau raug hle.

10. Txoj cai gunwale yog concave ntawm cov quav.

11. Whaleboat # 1 thiab caij nkoj # 1 tau tawg.

12. Cov phom nyob ntawm tus choj tawg.

13. Lub txaj net ntawm 120-mm cannon # 1 tau tawg lawm.

14. Txoj cai ntsia hlau yog khoov.

15. Lub kauj roj foob tau xau.

16. Ob lub taub dej tso los ntawm rab phom.

17. Lub lawj sab saud raug puas tsuaj nyob rau ntau qhov chaw.

Pom tseeb, qee qhov kev puas tsuaj no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntaus tib yam, thiab rov ua dua - kev puas tsuaj rau lub kiv cua tsis yog txhua qhov cuam tshuam nrog cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws, tab sis vim yog qhov ntau ntawm "Ural" ntawm lub nkoj cruiser. Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm 17 tsoo hauv "Pearl" yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog qhov tsis raug, thiab nws puas tsim nyog tom qab ntawd tsis ntseeg yam ntaub ntawv hais txog 3 tsoo hauv "Emerald" los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm tib tus kws sau ntawv? Raws li kev poob ntawm cov neeg coob, 12 tus neeg, suav nrog 2 tus tub ceev xwm, raug tua ntawm Zhemchug. Ncaj nraim hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, Baron Wrangel, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm Tavastsherna, tus neeg xyuas pib Konkov thiab 8 qib qis dua tau poob. Lwm tus neeg caij nkoj tom qab tuag ntawm nws qhov txhab. Muaj 22 tus neeg raug mob, suav nrog tus coj Shorokhov thiab 7 qib qis dua hnyav, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm Kiselev, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Spadovski thiab 12 qib qis dua yooj yim. Tsis muaj neeg tuag ntawm "Izumrud", thiab muaj 4 tus raug mob.

Hais txog kev siv mos txwv, Baron V. N. Fersen taw qhia tias Emerald tau tua txog 200 120-mm puag ncig thaum sib ntaus sib tua, thiab rab phom 47-mm tsis tua ntau tshaj li. Raws li rau Zhemchug, nws tus thawj coj, P. P. Levitsky, pom tias nws nyuaj rau qhia txog kev siv cov plhaub, tab sis nws tuaj yeem xav tias qhov ntawd tsis tsawg dua, yog tias tsis ntau dua li ntawm "Izumrud".

Puas yog Lavxias thib 2 tus neeg caij nkoj ua puas tsuaj rau cov nkoj Nyij Pooj? Nws nyuaj heev los teb lo lus nug no: tus sau yuav tsum lees tias nws tseem tsis tau kawm keeb kwm ntawm Tsushima kev sib ntaus txaus los ua ib qho kev xav tsim nyog ntawm qhov qhab nia no. Tab sis "Nissin" thiab "Kasuga" tau txais tsawg kawg 5 tsoo los ntawm lub plhaub ntawm qhov tsis paub tab, ib qho uas tuaj yeem "ya hauv" los ntawm "Pearl" thaum nws tsiv mus rau sab laug ntawm pab tub rog, yog li pom nws tus kheej ntawm ob qhov hluav taws kub.. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov foob pob Lavxias tau tsoo cov tub rog caij nkoj. Tus kws sau ntawv tau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ob qhov tsoo ntawm 120-mm zoo li, ib qho yog tsoo Akashi, thiab thib ob tsoo Tsushima. Qhov txaus txaus, tus thawj coj thaj chaw tau raug puas ntsoog ntawm ob lub nkoj, thiab 7 tus neeg raug tua ntawm Akashi (ib zaug, thiab rau rau tus neeg tuag ntxiv ntawm qhov txhab) thiab ob leeg raug mob, thiab ntawm Tsushima tsuas yog ob leeg tau raug mob. Tab sis qhov kev ua tiav no tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog Zhemchug lossis Izumrud cov tub rog loj, vim tias rab phom 120-mm tseem tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj Vladimir Monomakh thiab Dmitry Donskoy, uas tseem tawm tsam cov neeg Nyij Pooj cruisers thaum lawv tau txais cov lus sib xws. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsoo qee lub nkoj Nyij Pooj, txij li ntau zaus peb tsis paub lub sijhawm ntaus lossis lub peev xwm ntawm lub plhaub tsoo.

Qhov no xaus qhov kev piav qhia ntawm kev sib ntaus nruab hnub thaum lub Tsib Hlis 14, 1905, thiab yuav txiav txim siab ntxiv txog cov xwm txheej hmo ntuj ntawm Tsib Hlis 15 thiab cov xwm txheej tom ntej.

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