Ib qho ntawm cov lus nug feem ntau tau nug los ntawm cov neeg txaus siab rau keeb kwm ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm samurai yog vim li cas lawv thiaj tsis siv daim ntaub thaiv? Ntawd yog, lwm tus neeg siv nws, tab sis vim qee yam neeg Nyij Pooj tsis ua. Lub caij no, qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim no yog qhov nthuav heev thiab nyob deb ntawm yam tsis meej. Qhov tseeb yog cov ntaub thaiv npog tau siv hauv Nyij Pooj nyob hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog. Tab sis cov no yog tate easel shields, zoo ib yam li Sab Hnub Poob European paveza cov ntaub thaiv npog siv los ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov neeg hla hneev. Tab sis lawv hnyav thiab loj, thiab cov neeg caij tsheb - thiab cov samurai, ua ntej tshaj plaws, yog cov neeg caij tsheb, tsis tuaj yeem siv tau. Zoo, xav txog tus neeg caij tsheb uas dhia ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, tuav hauv nws txhais tes laug … kaum-kg ntoo … lub qhov rooj?!
Nyob rau qee lub sijhawm, riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm Nyij Pooj ashigaru yog yari hmuv ntawm qhov txaus ntshai ntev, thiab txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv rau cov neeg tua hneev thiab cov neeg tua phom yog cov tiv thaiv tate.
Yog li tate yog txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau cov tub rog thiab tsis tshwm nyob rau hauv Nyij Pooj cov khoom tam sim ntawd. Yog li, hauv Yayoi lub sijhawm, riam phom ntawm Nyij Pooj tau zoo ib yam - ntaj ncaj nrog rab riam zoo li tus hniav, ntse ib sab - chokuto, hmuv, xaiv, zoo ib yam li Suav, thiab daim thaiv ua los ntawm ntoo nrog lub cim ntawm Lub hnub qhia txog lawv nrog cov duab ci ci ci.
Tab sis txhua yam no yog riam phom ntawm cov tub rog - cia peb hais txog qhov no. Thaum cov neeg caij horsemen tuaj rau pem hauv ntej, thiab tsis yog cov neeg caij nees xwb, tab sis cov uas tuaj yeem sib ntaus sib tua hauv roob thiab hav zoov Nyij Pooj, qhov uas nws nyuaj heev rau cov tub rog sib ntaus, cov riam phom zoo li rab hneev tuaj. Thiab tus hneev taw, ntawm chav kawm, tuaj yeem siv daim ntaub thaiv, txawm tias me me, zoo li Mongolian, Persian, Indian, tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias cov neeg tua phom samurai yog cov ntseeg. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis tuaj yeem noj nqaij xwb, tab sis tseem kov lawv txhais tes thaum poob, suav nrog daim tawv nqaij thiab kua nplaum los ntawm hooves. Raws li rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws yog qhov tseeb tias yog nws tsis tuaj yeem ua cov cuab yeej tsis muaj nws, lawv tau siv nws, tig qhov muag tsis pom rau nws. Tab sis ntawm no yog cov kua nplaum - yam uas nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog sib xyaw hneev taw, ua li cas txog nws?
Japanese samurai nrog hneev ntev. Duab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19.
Txoj kev daws teeb meem tau pom yooj yim heev - cov hneev taw sib xyaw tau tsim los ntawm cov phiaj xyoob, thiab nws lub zog, piv rau Mongolian hneev, tau ua tiav vim qhov loj me, uas qee zaum dhau ntawm tib neeg kev loj hlob! Tab sis txij li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tua los ntawm hneev taw los ntawm tus nees, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb kuj tseem xav tau, uas ua rau nws ua tau yooj yim siv qhov kev ua tau zoo, tab sis phom loj.
Qhov no yog li cas o-yoroi cov ris tsho tiv thaiv tau tshwm sim, ib zaug ntxiv Cov ntawv xov xwm Nyij Pooj Armor Modeling tau lees paub los qhia txog nws, uas, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv txaus siab, muab tso rau ntawm nws nplooj ntawv zoo sib xws thiab cov duab ntxaws. Daim duab tau qhia ntawm no kom meej meej qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cuab yeej no - los ntawm ib txwm Mongolian ib tus yam ntxwv lub kaus mom hlau, mus rau lub kaus mom hlau nrog lapels - kabuto thiab plaub -ntu o -yoroi.
Thaum xub thawj, nws tiv thaiv tsuas yog lub cev thiab lub taub hau, thiab lub xub pwg tau npog nrog lub xub pwg pluaj yooj ywm. Ntxiv mus, lub zog ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no thiab nws cov khoom tiv thaiv tau zoo heev. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm daim hlau nrog lub qhov, tab sis qhov no yog li cas cov cuab yeej ua rog tau sib sau los ntawm cov tib neeg sib txawv. Dab tsi tshiab uas cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau coj los rau hauv tus txheej txheem no? Thiab ntawm no yog dab tsi: hauv lawv cov ris tsho tiv thaiv, o-yoroi siv cov phaj ntawm peb qhov loj me (qhov siab tib yam), uas muaj ib, ob thiab peb kab ntawm kab. Vim li no, kab ntawm cov phaj sib tshooj sib tshooj ntau dua ib nrab, uas yog, kev tiv thaiv tau ob npaug. Qhov thib peb, cov phaj nqaim tshaj plaws tau xaws nrog cov ntug, yog li ntawm ntug nws muaj tuab tuab peb npaug! Feem ntau, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nws tus kheej tau xaws los ntawm peb kab ntawm cov phaj - thev naus laus zis uas tsis tau siv nyob qhov twg tsuas yog hauv Nyij Pooj. Cov thev naus laus zis no txawm nws muaj nws lub npe: tatena -shi - "tsis muaj daim ntaub thaiv xav tau" - uas yog kev tiv thaiv muaj zog tiv thaiv kev sib txuas no.
Heian era samurai ua tub rog tag nrho. Ntawm sab laug, xub qhia cov theem ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov cuab yeej o-yoroi.
Uas, dua, tsis xav tsis thoob. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis yog tsuas yog cov hlau daim hlau npog nrog cov kua roj vanish, lawv kuj feem ntau qhwv hauv cov tawv nqaij, vim qhov uas cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsis tsuas yog tiv taus ntau, tab sis kuj muaj qee yam khoom poob siab. Lub hauv siab ntawm lub cuirass kuj tau npog nrog tawv tsurubashiri-do gawa. Qhov no tau ua tiav kom thaum tua los ntawm hneev, txoj hlua hneev nti tsis kov daim hlau, tab sis yooj yim glided hla cov tawv hnav. Tab sis qhov no tseem yog kev tiv thaiv, yog li tus xub uas poob rau hauv lub cuirass ntawm tus hneev taw feem ntau tsis nkag mus rau nws!
Ib tus samurai nrog cov phaj wakidate ntawm nws sab xis.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau npaj rau hauv txoj kev txawv txawv, xws li kev tsim qauv yeej tsis pom nyob qhov twg lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb. Thawj zaug, thaum muab tso rau ntawm o -yoroi, tau muab tso rau ntawm ib sab cais rau sab xis - wakidate, uas tau tuav los ntawm txoj hlua khi ib ncig ntawm txoj siv. Lwm txoj hlua tuaj yeem raug hla lub xub pwg, tab sis tsis tas li. Tom qab ntawd, lub tsho tiv thaiv ntawm lub kote tau muab tso rau ntawm sab tes laug. Ntxiv mus, thaum xub thawj, ob txhais tes tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv hlo li, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tes tsho nrog cov phaj hlau uas tau lo nrog cov kua roj vanish xaws rau nws, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau pib ua kote los ntawm cov saw xa los ntawm cov ntaub.
Ntawm sab xis, kev tiv thaiv tsis tau muab rau ntev thiab tau tshwm sim hauv Nambokucho era. Kote muaj kev sib tshooj ntawm lub dab teg thiab ntiv tes ntiv tes uas tiv thaiv nws los ntawm "khiav tawm." Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nws muaj peev xwm muab tso rau hauv seem ntawm cov ris tsho tiv thaiv, suav nrog peb ntu: pem hauv ntej, sab laug thiab sab nraub qaum, nraub qaum. Cov kev sib txuas yuav tsum tau khi ntawm sab xis, thiab yog li lawv tau tuav lub phaj wakidate sab saud. Ua kom muaj zog ntxiv ntawm samurai lub cev, "ris tsho hnav" yog lub npov tiag tiag thiab tsis hloov pauv tau txhua qhov, txij li kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlua tau nruj heev. Qhov tseeb, nws yog daim ntaub thaiv, ua tiav los ntawm o-sode lub xub pwg pluaj. Qhov no yog vim li cas samurai tsis xav tau daim ntaub thaiv txhua.
Lwm qhov yog cov tub rog Ashigaru, uas cov samurai pib siv twb nyob rau xyoo XIV. Infantrymen yog ob tus neeg hneev taw thiab hmuv, thiab - txij li xyoo pua 16th, xub los ntawm arquebus. Thiab lawv tsuas yog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm samurai, vim tias, zoo li cov cuab yeej zoo nyob hauv Europe, lawv tsuas yog kim heev!
Tate ntaub thaiv npog
Yog li dab tsi yog daim ntaub thaiv npog siv los ntawm cov tub rog Nyij Pooj feem ntau? Feem ntau cov no yog ob lub pluaj tsawg kawg yog ob ntiv tes tuab, tsoo nrog ob lub rungs. Kev txhawb nqa hinged tau txuas rau tom qab, ua tsaug uas lub tate tau khov kho ruaj khov rau hauv av. Tom qab pom cov phom, qee lub tate pib npog sab nrauv nrog daim hlau nyias. Nws yog ib qho kev lig kev cai los pleev xim ib yam nkaus li cov xim pleev xim rau hauv Europe. Nws tau yooj yim los kos cov cim ntawm cov xeem Nyij Pooj ntawm lawv qhov chaw du, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim cov cim no lawv tus kheej qee zaum yooj yim heev.
Cov ntaub thaiv npog tau teeb tsa ua kab hauv tshav rog, thiab cov hneev taw thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj tau nkaum tom qab lawv. Txog rau cov tub rog, qhov no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv tsis tau, vim tias cov nees Nyij Pooj uas tsis tau loj hlob tsis tuaj yeem dhia hla lawv. Nws kuj yog qhov nyuaj rau cov tub rog mus tua "laj kab", uas yog vim li cas ntawm cov neeg uas tau nrawm mus rau kev tawm tsam ntawm phab ntsa tate muaj cov tub rog nrog rab riam, kanabo pab pawg, thiab txhua yam hmuv nrog nuv los nuv lub tate hla ntug thiab tsoo nws. yog li qhov sib txawv tshwm hauv "phab ntsa".
Kev siv cov ntaub thaiv npog tate thiab cov khauj khaum hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tsev fuabtais Japanese.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov kws tshawb nrhiav neeg Nyij Pooj tau siv ntau yam ntawm lub xub ntiag, feem ntau vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm thiab npaj lawv thaum nyob hauv qab npog ntawm tate. Lawv siv ob qho xub xub, yooj yim qhwv hauv phuam ntub hauv qee yam roj, thiab tiag "foob pob hluav taws" nrog cov hmoov ua kom zoo li cov xyoob yeeb nkab ua cov khoom ua hmoov. Muaj ob lub kav dej. Ib qho nrog lub qhov nraub qaum tau siv lub tshuab dav hlau, thaum lwm qhov, nrog lub qhov tig mus rau pem hauv ntej, tau taws nrog cov hlua tom qab xub xub ntaus lub hom phiaj thiab ua haujlwm zoo li lub flamethrower.
Tate - los ntawm lub ncab rau cov neeg raug mob mus rau tus choj ua phem!
Peepholes feem ntau tau ua hauv daim ntaub thaiv kom pom, yog li vim tias lub tate nws tsis tuaj yeem tawm mus. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias cov ntaub thaiv npog no tsis yog siv los tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws xwb, tabsis kuj yog … Hnub no, crossbars tau ntim rau sab hauv, tom qab ntawd ib lossis ob daim ntaub thaiv los ntawm lawv tus kheej raug pov hla lub pas dej, thaum lwm daim ntaub thaiv (raws li qhia hauv daim duab) tau siv los ntawm tus ntaiv. Cov ntaub thaiv npog me me kuj tseem siv tau, uas tsis yog siv los ntawm ashigaru nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm samurai uas maj nrawm mus tua. Ib daim ntaub thaiv loj heev thiab hnyav hauv qhov no tsis yooj yim, tab sis ib qho me me - yog lawm!
Kev siv tate hauv kev ua phem thiab tiv thaiv cov fortresses.
Tate raws li cov kab txuas tau teeb tsa ntawm phab ntsa ntawm Japanese cov qauv tiv thaiv, thiab tau kawg, nkaum tom qab lawv, Cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau mus rau ntawm qhov rooj ntawm qhov rooj, mus txog qhov uas lawv tau sim tso kuv lub hauv qab lawv lossis txiav lawv nrog txoj kab.
Ib tus tub rog ashigaru thauj khoom nrog riam phom thiab khoom siv.
