Lub sijhawm kawg tus kws sau ntawv rov qab mus rau cov ncauj lus ntawm tsis yog nuclear submarines ntawm Lavxias Navy yog thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2018, uas yog, ntau tshaj li ib xyoos dhau los. Cia peb pom dab tsi hloov txij li lub sijhawm ntawd.
Yog li, ib xyoos dhau los, lub hauv paus ntawm peb cov tsis muaj nuclear submarine rog yog 15 diesel-hluav taws xob submarines ntawm peb tiam thib peb ntawm txoj haujlwm 877 "Halibut", ntawm qhov uas, raws li tus sau, 12 tau nyob hauv lub nkoj, thiab 3 tau nyob hauv kho Hmoov tsis zoo, tus neeg sau tau dhau los ua qhov zoo hauv nws qhov kev ntsuas. Qhov tseeb yog tias ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm Pacific Fleet, "St. Nicholas the Wonderworker" thiab "Nurlat", uas nws suav "npaj rau phiaj xwm thiab sib ntaus sib tua," qhov tseeb tsis muaj qhov kawg tos kev kho ntawm Dalzavod. Ntxiv mus, ib qho ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob, uas nws tau txiav txim siab kho dua, pom tau tias tseem nyob hauv cov av nkos. Peb tab tom tham txog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob "Yaroslavl", uas tau ua haujlwm nyob rau Sab Qaum Teb.
Lub nkoj tau npaj yuav xa rau kev kho nruab nrab nrog kev hloov kho tshiab nyob rau lub hlis thib 4 ntawm xyoo 2016, tab sis, pom tau tias yog vim muaj teeb meem ntau yam thiab kev hloov kho pob nyiaj siv ntawm Ministry of Defense, tsis muaj nyiaj rau qhov no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub nkoj hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob tau raug tso tseg, tab sis kev kho vaj tsev ntawm Yaroslavl tseem tsis tau pib.
Yog li, qhov tseeb, thaum pib ntawm 2018, Lavxias Navy muaj 10 Halibuts hauv kev pabcuam, 3 hauv qhov nqes hav thiab 2 hauv kev kho. Dab tsi hloov pauv?
Los ntawm qhov zoo: thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2018, kev kho Dmitrov lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau ua tiav thiab nws tau rov qab mus rau Baltic Fleet. Raws li qhov seem, qhov xwm txheej tau kwv yees tsis zoo - yog ib lub nkoj qub tshaj plaws ntawm hom no, Vyborg, tau tawm ntawm lub kaw lus thiab tseem tab tom tos cov cuab yeej rov qab rau hauv nkoj nkoj. Tias peb yuav muaj ntau lub nkoj-tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhov zoo xwb, tab sis qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm lub nkoj qub, muab lawv qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg hauv Lavxias Navy, tau kawg, yog kev ntxhov siab.
Yog li, hnub no peb muaj 14 "Halibuts" sab laug, uas 3 ntawm lub nkoj qub tshaj plaws (nkag rau kev pabcuam hauv 1988) yog nyob hauv cov av qeeg, uas tsis zoo li yuav raug tso tseg. Ntxiv mus, lawv tsuas yog "ib tiam dhau ib tiam" "Vyborg", uas txog tam sim no tseem nyob hauv BF, kuj tseem "so haujlwm". Feem ntau yuav yog, qhov no yog keeb kwm ntawm "thawj" txoj haujlwm 877, uas tag nrho 4 lub nkoj hauv Lavxias Navy tau koom nrog, yuav tsum txiav txim siab ua tiav: seem ntawm lub nkoj hauv lub nkoj yog kev hloov pauv ntawm Project 877 (877LPMB, 877M), 877EKM thiab 877V) …
Peb tuaj yeem hais tias xyoo 2019 lub nkoj muaj 11 Halibuts sab laug, uas 10 nyob hauv kev pabcuam: 6 ua haujlwm nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, 3 - nyob rau Sab Qaum Teb thiab 1 - hauv Baltic. Lub Hiav Txwv Dub "Alrosa" tau raug kho dua hauv Sevastopol, thiab nws txoj kev rov qab los rau hauv lub nkoj yuav tsum nyob rau xyoo 2019. Txhua yam yuav zoo, tab sis thaum xub thawj nws tau npaj los ua tiav kev kho hauv 2015, tom qab ntawd xyoo 2017, tom qab ntawd xyoo 2018 …. Thiab tam sim no lawv cog lus tias yuav muab lub nkoj rau xyoo no. Zoo, cia siab tias qhov kev cog lus no tseem yuav ua tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias teb sab txawm li cas los xij tau teeb tsa kev tsim kho kev tsim kho nkoj ntawm Crimea raws li ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - tej zaum tom qab ntawd qee yam yuav tawm hauv av.
Yog tias Alrosa tseem rov qab mus rau lub dav hlau, nws yuav tawm ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub thiab mus rau Hiav Txwv Baltic, yog li ntawd tag nrho cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv BF dua, zoo li ua ntej Vyborg tawm mus, yog 2 chav nyob. Tom qab ntawd Lub Nkoj Dub Nkoj yuav plam Txoj Haujlwm 877 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog tsis tseem ceeb, vim tias nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 2014-16. Nws tau ua tub rog nrog 6 lub nkoj tshiab tshaj thiab muaj zog ntawm Project 636.3. Qhov tseeb, niaj hnub no nws yog Lub Nkoj Dub Nkoj uas muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm 4 lub nkoj ua tub rog ntawm Lavxias.
Hauv ib qho ntawm qhov rov ua dua ntawm GPV 2011-2020, kev tsim kho ntawm lwm 6 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines ntawm txoj haujlwm 636.3 rau Pacific Fleet tau tshaj tawm. Qhov xav tau rau qhov no tau tshwm sim tom qab nws tau pom meej tias kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm plaub tiam "Lada" ntawm txoj haujlwm 677 yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv tau kom txog rau thaum ntxov 30s, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis muaj hlo li, vim tias cov hlau lead nkoj sib tsoo nrog cov teeb meem uas categorically tsis xav kom daws.
Raws li koj paub, nkoj 636.3, nrog rau tag nrho lawv cov txiaj ntsig, tau hloov kho tshiab "Varshavyankas", uas lawv tus kheej yog cov khoom xa tawm ntawm "Halibuts". Cov nkoj no zoo dua thiab muaj zog dua li lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm txoj haujlwm 877 uas tseem nyob nrog peb, tab sis lawv, ntawm chav kawm, tsis nyob ntawm qhov xub thawj ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev nce qib. Nws yuav raug cai los hais tias lub nkoj ntawm Project 636.3 yog qhov qub dhau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws pom tseeb tias "Halibuts" tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntev li, vim tias txawm tias "lub nkoj yau tshaj" ntawm hom no, "Mogocha", tau ua haujlwm rau peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo. Thiab, txij li kev tsim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm Txoj Haujlwm 677 tsis ua haujlwm, rov pib tsim cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob 636.3 rau Pacific Fleet tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kiag li.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov phiaj xwm yog ib yam, thiab ua tiav lawv yog qhov sib txawv kiag li. Nws tau pom tseeb tias qhov kev npaj loj siv rau GPV 2011-2020. nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj ntawm 20 trillion. rubles, uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau "kawm" nyob rau lub sijhawm 2016-2020, lub tebchaws tsis tuaj yeem them taus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias tau yuam kom tso tseg GPV 2011-2020, hloov nws nrog GPV tshiab 2018-2027. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub xeev cov cuab yeej ua rog tshiab tsis tau tshaj tawm hauv xov xwm dav dav, tsuas yog ib yam uas paub tseeb - nws cov peev nyiaj yuav ntau dua li nws tau npaj rau GPV yav dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj ib rab diav zib ntab zib ntab hauv cov tshuaj pleev - nws tau npaj kom nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov ua tiav, uas yog, tus nqi ntawm GPV 2018-2027. nws tau suav tias RF Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog yuav tsis tau txais nyiaj txiag ntau dua li tam sim no.
Txawm li cas los xij, txij li peb tau tham txog kev txwv nyiaj txiag, tom qab ntawv, muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog txoj hmoo ntawm 6 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm txoj haujlwm 636.3 rau Pacific Fleet. Ntxiv mus, txawm hais tias pom tseeb ntawm kev tsim khoom muaj peev xwm ntawm JSC "Admiralty Shipyards", tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines, tsuas yog 2 lub nkoj tshiab tau tso. Peb tab tom tham txog B-274 "Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky" thiab hais txog B-603 "Volkhov", kev tso haujlwm raug cai uas tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 2018. Tus sau ntawm tsab xov xwm no pib mob siab heev tias qhov teeb meem yuav yog txwv rau ob lub nkoj no …
Tab sis nws zoo li txhua yam tseem yuav xaus zoo. Yog li, thawj qhov xov xwm zoo: thaum Lub Peb Hlis 28, 2019, tau pib ua kev coj ua ntawm cov roj ntsha hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob submarine ntawm Project 636.3 rau Pacific Fleet tau tshwm sim.
Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog bmpd blog, hauv kab lus tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm zoo siab no, kuj tau tshaj tawm tias ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob tom ntej ntawm tib txoj haujlwm tau pib lawm, thiab cov nkoj, hu ua Magadan thiab Ufa, yog nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov thaiv thiab ua qhov ntsuas hydraulic . Kev tso haujlwm raug cai yuav tshwm sim tom qab, xyoo 2019, thiab bmpd tshaj tawm tias cov hnub qhia tau ua tiav raws li daim ntawv cog lus yav tas los tau kos npe rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no.
Yog li, nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias tsawg kawg 4 ntawm 6 lub phiaj xwm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tseem yuav tsim thiab yuav dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias Navy. Tab sis nrog ob lub nkoj sab nraud ntawm koob, qhov xwm txheej tsis meej - txog tam sim no nws tsuas yog paub tias lub nkoj submarine thib tsib tau npaj los hu ua "Mozhaisk", thiab lub npe ntawm lub nkoj thib rau tseem tsis tau pom zoo, thiab tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv phau ntawv teev npe yav tom ntej. Tab sis, coj txawv txawv raws li nws yuav suab, nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tias qhov no tsis yog qhov tu siab, tab sis yog xov xwm zoo siab tshaj plaws.
Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev nce qib ntawm diesel-hluav taws xob submarines ntawm qhov project 677 "Lada".
Cov hais los saum toj no "Halibuts", ntxiv rau "Varshavyanka" tsim los ntawm lawv lub hauv paus, yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lub cim thib 3, uas yog, ntawm tib qib thev naus laus zis zoo li Asmeskas siv hluav taws xob nuclear Los Angeles thiab Soviet Pike -B. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ob qho tib si "Halibuts" thiab "Varshavyanka", tau kawg, tsis zoo rau lawv cov atomic "cov viv ncaus laus" hauv ntau yam ntawm lawv tus yam ntxwv: lawv muaj kev coj tus yam ntxwv qis dua hauv dej, tsis muaj kev ywj pheej tsawg dua, tsis muaj zog sonar systems… Tab sis nrog txhua qhov no, "Halibuts" Thiab "Varshavyanka" muaj ib qho nkaus xwb, tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua: muaj suab nrov tsawg dua.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel -hluav taws xob, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "yos hav zoov rau nuclear submarines" zoo - thaum mus ncig xyuas hauv ib cheeb tsam, "Halibut" tau muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas Los Angeles ua ntej ntau dua muaj zog SAC ntawm Asmeskas Atomarina pom lub tsev nyob ntsiag to tsis muaj nuclear submarine … Thiab, dua, lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines ntawm cov phiaj xwm 877 thiab 636, ua kom zoo dua ntawm lawv lub suab qis, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus yeeb ncuab lub nkoj xaj kom zoo dua qub "Pike-B". Feem ntau, peb cov nkoj uas tsis yog nuclear tau tsim nyog tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus "Black Hole". Thiab dhau ntawm qhov no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj ntau yam coj los siv me me thiab raug nqi ntau dua li ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarine, thiab qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, tseem ceeb.
Tab sis kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tsis sawv tseem. USSR thiab Asmeskas tau pib tsim ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines tom ntej, tiam thib 4: peb muaj Ash, hauv Asmeskas - Seawolf, thiab tom qab ntawd Virginia. Tawm tsam lawv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lub cim thib 3 tsis muaj qhov ua tau zoo yav dhau los (thiab feem ntau yuav tsis muaj qhov zoo dua txhua qhov), yog li qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob submarine ntawm yam tshiab yog nyob hauv cov txheej txheem, uas kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus tau tso cai rau nws nyob ua ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog Seawulfs.
Hmoov tsis zoo, kev tsim cov roj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines ntawm lub cim thib 4 hauv USSR tau pib nrog qee qhov kev ncua: kev ua haujlwm ntawm 677 "Lada" txoj haujlwm tau pib tsuas yog xyoo 1987. Qhov no tau txiav txim siab tag nrho cov teeb meem tom ntej ntawm txoj haujlwm. Peb tau pib txhim kho Yasen MAPL xyoo 1977, thiab los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm USSR nws tau ua tiav loj, yog li xyoo 1993 peb tau tswj hwm tso cov nkoj me me ntawm koob. Tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm "Lada", pom tseeb, xyoo 1991 tseem nyob rau theem pib, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tau tsim rau feem ntau twb tau muaj nyob hauv "dashing 90s" nrog rau txhua qhov ua rau "muaj kev zoo siab", suav nrog cov nyiaj tsis txaus, kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev koom tes koom tes, thiab lwm yam.d. lwm yam.
Diesel-hluav taws xob submarine "Lada" muaj tus lej loj ntawm kev hloov pauv, nws yog hais txog kev tsim lub hauv paus tshiab lub nkoj. Kev txav chaw tsawg dua li lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm txoj haujlwm 636, cov neeg coob coob tsawg dua, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tswj hwm tib yam riam phom. Ib leeg-lub nkoj tsim (lub plhaub thib ob tau khaws cia tsuas yog hauv qab ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob), lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab, GAK, BIUS, txheej tshiab, txhais tau tias txo suab nrov, zoo ib yam li hauv paus ntsiab lus rau cov siv ntawm "Tshauv" ", cov roj teeb tshiab, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab 650 mais ntawm kev lag luam 3 lub pob tw tiv thaiv 400 mais ntawm" Varshavyanka ".
Lub nkoj loj loj "Saint Petersburg" tau teeb tsa hauv xyoo 1997, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsuas yog xyoo 2010, tab sis thawj qhov kev sim pom pom tias yuav luag tsis muaj ib yam ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ua haujlwm raws li nws xav tau.
"Lithium" kev sib ntaus cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm tsis zoo. Zoo kawg nkaus, hauv kev xav, SJC "Lira", uas suav nrog tsis yog tsuas yog lub kav hlau txais xov qub nyob hauv lub nkoj ntawm lub nkoj, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ib sab ntxiv uas nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv lub nkoj, nrog rau lub kav hlau txais xov rub, tsis tau ntsib cov yam ntxwv tshaj tawm Hom roj teeb uas tuaj yeem them tau tshiab tshaj plaws, uas yuav tsum tau muab "Lada" nrog ntau dua ib thiab ib nrab lub sij hawm zoo tshaj hauv kev caij nkoj, rau qee qhov laj thawj muab lub zog ntawm qib 60% ntawm qhov kev npaj tseg.
Qhov kev cia siab tias txhua yam no yog kev mob nkeeg thaum yau uas yuav raug kho sai sai tsis tau muaj tseeb. Thaum kawg, Saint Petersburg tau raug xa mus rau lub nkoj, tab sis nws tau nyob hauv kev sim ua haujlwm, thiab ob lub nkoj txuas hauv qab nws, Kronstadt thiab Velikie Luki, feem ntau tau nres los ntawm kev tsim kho thiab rov qiv nyiaj raws li txoj haujlwm kho tshiab 677D xyoo 2013 thiab 2015 biennium feem. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias lub sijhawm ntawd nws tsis tau paub meej txog qhov teeb meem uas cuam tshuam rau St. Petersburg tau kov yeej li cas. Ntawm qhov one tes, muaj cov ntawv ceeb toom cais ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm St. Petersburg. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, xyoo 2016, RIA Novosti tau tshaj tawm nrog rau tus neeg sawv cev tsis qhia npe ntawm Lavxias Navy tias cov lus txib hauv nkoj tau txiav txim siab tso tseg kev tsim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm diesel-hluav taws xob submarines ntawm qhov project 677. Ntawm qhov ib sab, tau kawg, "tus tsis muaj npe sawv cev" tsis yog qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov tsos mob hnyav dua, qhia qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm 677.
Qhov tseeb yog thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 7, 2016, tau cog lus cog lus rau kev tsim kho "zoo kawg rau" diesel-electric submarines ntawm txoj haujlwm 636.3 rau Pacific Fleet. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias "kom xaus daim ntawv cog lus" thiab "tsim" yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus sib txawv, tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias yog xyoo 2016 cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlau lead ntawm Project 677 tau daws, lossis tsawg kawg muaj kev ntseeg ruaj khov tias serial 677D cov nkoj yuav tawm mus rau qib uas lees paub, tom qab ntawv dab tsi yog lub hauv paus tsim cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm txoj haujlwm dhau los rau cov neeg tsav nkoj Pacific? Txawm hais tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines ntawm txoj haujlwm 636.3 sawv cev rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm Varshavyanka, hais txog lawv qhov kev sib ntaus zoo, tau kawg, lawv tsis yog lub nkoj ntawm tiam 4.
Txhua qhov no tau qhia tias muaj tus ntoo khaub lig tau muab tso rau ntawm Ladakh, thiab yog li ntawd cov lus tshaj tawm ib ntus uas lub nkoj yuav xaj tau 2 lub nkoj ntxiv ntawm hom no uas tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 2017 tsis tau ua tiag. Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no, muaj ob qho laj thawj ntxiv rau qhov no. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov xov xwm no, raws li txoj cai, tsis tau los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Navy, tab sis los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm JSC "Admiralty Shipyards", uas tuaj yeem hla kev xav. Thiab qhov thib ob, lub sijhawm ntawd, GPV tshiab 2018-2027. tseem tsis tau pom zoo, yog li muaj kev xav txog dab tsi raws nraim lub dav hlau yuav thaum kawg xaj tau ntau dua li qhov hais qhia ntawm thaj chaw kas fes ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv ntseeg tau.
Muaj tseeb, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Lavxias Lub Nkoj V. Bursuk kuj tau tham txog Ladakhs: raws li nws, lub nkoj tseem tab tom xaj Project 677 lub nkoj loj. Tab sis ntawm no, feem ntau yuav yog, nws yog txog cov sijhawm zoo siab thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog cua yuav tsim rau Lada. Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tsis xwm yeem uas peb cov kws tsim qauv pom lawv tus kheej, sim tsim qhov kev teeb tsa, cov lus ntawm lub dav hlau xauv zoo li kev hais lus ncaj ncees rau kev hais tawm "Thaum mob qog noj ntshav nyob saum roob." Qhov no tsis yog qhov tsis zoo dua vim tias, raws li qee qhov chaw, St. Petersburg tau maj mam tshem tawm nws qhov tsis txaus. Yog li, "Hauv Is Taws Nem", thaum Lub Xya Hli 2018, cov xov xwm tau tshwm sim, nrog rau kev hais txog cov lus ntawm lub taub hau ntawm USC tias kev ua haujlwm ncua sij hawm tseem tab tom los txog qhov kawg, thiab tias lub nkoj loj ntawm 677 series yuav raug xa mus mus rau lub nkoj hauv 2019.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 20, 2018, muaj ntau li peb qhov xwm txheej nthuav tawm. Ua ntej, lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thib ob ntawm lub nkoj tau pib, tso rau hauv 677 txoj haujlwm hauv xyoo 2005, raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tsim xyoo 2009 thiab rov tso rau hauv 677D txoj haujlwm hauv xyoo 2013-peb tab tom tham txog B-586 "Kronstadt". Qhov thib ob, Igor Vilnit, tus thawj coj ntawm Rubin Central Design Bureau ntawm MT, tau ua cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg. Raws li nws, lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob "Saint Petersburg" thaum kawg tsis tsuas yog lees paub txhua tus yam ntxwv tshaj tawm, tab sis txawm tias dhau lawv. Thiab thaum kawg, thib peb, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm JSC Admiralty Shipyards tau tshaj tawm ib zaug ntxiv txog kev tsim ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau dua hauv qab 677D txoj haujlwm, thiab, raws li nws, kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus tau npaj rau xyoo 2019.
Tau kawg, kev ua xyem xyav tseem nyob - tsis yog tus thawj coj ntawm Rubin thiab Admiralty Shipyards xav tau kev xav? Yog tias peb nco qab, piv txwv li, pes tsawg zaus kuv. Vilnit tham txog "zoo, yuav luag tiav" anaerobic kev teeb tsa, uas tau tsim los ntawm nws Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Ntiaj Teb, tom qab ntawd cia siab rau txog txoj hmoo ntawm txoj haujlwm 677 txo qis thiab ntau ntxiv.
Tab sis thaum Lub Peb Hlis 28 ntawm lub xyoo no, Igor Mukhametshin, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj-Tus Thawj Coj rau Armaments ntawm Lavxias Navy, tshaj tawm tias kev tsim ntawm Project 677 Lada diesel-electric submarines (tej zaum, peb tham txog 677D) yuav rov pib ua haujlwm. Thiab tsis yog txhais tau tias yog lub peev txheej yav tom ntej, tab sis nyob rau yav tom ntej: raws li I. Mukhametshin, cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov xaus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus twb tau npaj los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tub rog.
Nws yog qhov tseeb tias koj yuav tsis muaj kev cog lus tag nrho, thiab koj yuav tsum pib zoo siab nrog txoj kev nyiam tom qab ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm qhov project 677 (677D), lossis tsawg kawg ua tiav ntawm kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm St. Petersburg. Txawm li cas los xij, muab cov lus saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem hais tias lub xeev txoj haujlwm tsis yog nuclear submarines ntawm lub cim thib 4 txhawb kev ceev faj zoo.
Thiab ntxiv mus. Tsis ntev los no, ntau cov kab lus ntawm kev teeb tsa anaerobic tau tshwm sim ntawm "VO", nyob rau hauv qhov kev cuam tshuam uas ib feem ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib hwm tuaj yeem tau txais qhov kev xav tias lub nkoj diesel-hluav taws xob zoo li qub dhau los, thiab tsis muaj hnub no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob hauv siab -kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Tab sis hauv kev muaj tiag, tau kawg, qhov no tsis yog. Tsis ntseeg, submarines nrog VNEU yuav muaj qee yam kev ua tau zoo. Tab sis kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus hauv tsev "qhov dub" ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab lub nkoj tiam tom ntej, uas muaj HAC zoo tshaj plaws, tsis muaj suab nrov thiab ntau lwm yam zoo, yuav yog cov yeeb ncuab txaus ntshai heev hauv dej, txawm tias yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel qub hwj chim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog ua haujlwm ntawm lithium-ion lossis lwm lub roj teeb muaj peev xwm loj yuav tau ua tiav nrog kev ua tiav, uas yuav ua rau kom muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov roj av hluav taws xob hauv tsev.
Feem ntau, ze rau yav tom ntej ntawm peb lub nkoj tsis muaj nuclear submarine zoo li qhov no. Thaj, hauv Baltic, peb cov tub rog caij nkoj yuav sawv cev los ntawm ob qho "Halibuts", "Alrosa" thiab "Dmitrov" - ob qho tib si tau kho dua tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab (qhov tseeb dua - "Alrosa" tseem tab tom ua) thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tau vam tias nrog kev saib xyuas tsim nyog lub nkoj yuav "ncab" rau lwm 8-10 xyoo los yog li ntawd. Lub Nkoj Hiav Txwv Dub, uas tsis ntev los no tau txais 6 Varshavyankas tshiab ntawm Project 636.3, yuav tsis tau txais cov khoom ntxiv los ntawm cov nkoj ntawm tib chav kawm yav tom ntej. Pacific Fleet, uas muaj 6 Halibuts, zoo li yuav maj mam rov nruab nrog 636.3 qhov kev tsim kho tshiab - uas yog, raws li Varshavyanka tuaj txog ntawm Admiralty Shipyards, lub qub Project 877 nkoj yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm lub nkoj. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qee qhov ntawm lawv tseem yuav nyob hauv qib, thiab qee lub sijhawm tag nrho cov roj-hluav taws xob submarines ntawm Pacific Fleet yuav tshaj li 6 lub tsev hnub no. Northern Fleet tseem yuav ntxiv cov nkoj tshiab - hnub no nws tsuas muaj 3 lub “Halibuts” thiab “St. Petersburg” xwb. Feem ntau yuav yog, ob lub nkoj ntawm 677D txoj haujlwm, uas tam sim no tab tom tsim, yuav mus ncaj nraim rau sab qaum teb txhawm rau coj tag nrho cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau 6 chav. Thiab, feem ntau yuav, lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob tshiab ntawm tib txoj haujlwm tseem yuav mus rau Sab Qaum Teb Fleet txhawm rau tsim ua ke ntawm 6 lub nkoj ntawm tib hom muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias daim ntawv cog lus tam sim no rau 6 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob submarines ntawm txoj haujlwm 636.3 rau Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific yuav raug txo mus rau 4 chav nyob, thiab Lada tshiab tshaj plaws yuav muab rau Pacific Fleet siv ob seem ntxiv.
Yog li, nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tau tias "nyob hauv daim ntaub thaiv" ntawm GPV "Halibuts" uas twb muaj lawm yuav tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm Lavxias Navy, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tag nrho cov roj av hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yuav nce ntxiv: yog tias hnub no, hauv qhov tseeb, peb muaj 11 "Halibuts", 6 "Varshavyanka" thiab ib qho "Lada", uas tsis tau tawm los ntawm kev sim ua haujlwm, tom qab xyoo 2028 peb tuaj yeem xav tau 8 "Ladas" (2 ntawm Baltic Hiav Txwv Fleet, thiab 6 ntawm Sab Qaum Teb) Fleet) thiab 12 "Varshavyanka" (6 ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Dub thiab TF). Yog lawm, peb xav tau ntau tus ntawm lawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txo qis hauv av ntawm lub nkoj submarine, tab sis nws tsis ntseeg tias cov nyiaj yuav pom rau qhov no. Tseem, txhawm rau siv txoj haujlwm no, peb yuav tsum tsim tsib lub nkoj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshiab ntawm txoj haujlwm 677 thiab plaub-636.3 nyob rau kaum xyoo tom ntej, tsis suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel-hluav taws xob ntawm txoj haujlwm 677D thiab 636.3, uas tam sim no sib txawv theem ntawm kev tsim kho.
