Lub teb chaws Yelemees tau muab riam phom, khoom siv, mos txwv thiab cov khoom lag luam thoob plaws Europe. Tebchaws Europe tau tawm tsam peb tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm tom ntej. Cov Nazis tsim kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Soviet thoob ntiaj teb tiag tiag hauv Wehrmacht thiab SS pab tub rog.
"Ntiaj teb zej zog" tawm tsam Soviet Union
Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II tau thov lub neej ntawm 50 lab tus tib neeg, ntau dua ib nrab ntawm cov lej no tau raug tua pej xeem Soviet. Peb cov txiv, yawg thiab yawm txiv tau nyiaj dhau kev txom nyem uas tsis suav nrog cov teeb meem ntawm lwm lub tebchaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "zej zog ntiaj teb" twb tau rov tsim kho keeb kwm ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob kom cov neeg coob coob, piv txwv li, ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Asmeskas, paub tseeb tias Tebchaws Meskas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tsov rog. Thiab qee leej ntseeg tias cov neeg Asmeskas tseem tawm tsam nrog USSR.
Qhov tseeb, qhov kev poob loj heev ntawm USSR-Russia tau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias peb tau tawm tsam ib leeg rau feem ntau ntawm kev ua tsov rog, thiab Tebchaws Meskas thiab Askiv tau tos rau qhov nws coj. Lawv ncua lawv txoj kev koom tes hauv kev ua rog zoo tshaj qhov lawv tuaj yeem ua tau, ua piv txwv tias lawv tau tawm tsam ntawm kev qhia theem ob thiab qib siab thiab ua ntej. Lawv txhawb lawv txoj kev koom tes hauv kev ua tsov rog hauv txhua txoj hauv kev. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias Nazis tau ua nyob hauv thaj tsam Soviet (tsis zoo li peb, thaum peb pib tso lub tebchaws Europe), txoj cai ntawm "lub ntiaj teb kub hnyiab", rhuav tshem "Russia subhumans." Tsis yog cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, cov nom tswv, cov nom tswv, tab sis tseem yog cov pej xeem pej xeem. Ntau lab tus tib neeg uas nyob rau qhov xwm txheej nyuaj tshaj plaws raug nyiag mus ua qhev. Lub hom phiaj yog tag nrho kev puas tsuaj ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm ib feem ntawm cov neeg dhau ntawm Urals (uas yuav ua rau tuag ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv feem ntau, thaum tsis muaj nyiaj los tsim lub neej, khoom siv, zaub mov thiab khaub ncaws. cov khoom siv, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov seem tau npaj los hloov mus ua qhev rau cov neeg German colonists.
Hauv post-Soviet Russia, cov lus dab neeg tau tsim uas Moscow "hla lub cev tuag" ntawm cov neeg German, thiab yog li ntawd yeej. Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, USSR poob txog li 11.5 lab tus tib neeg (suav nrog cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog). Thiab Thib Peb Reich tsuas yog kwv yees li 3 lab tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm. Ua ntej tsov rog, cov pejxeem ntawm USSR muaj tsawg kawg yog 193 lab tus tib neeg, thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Austria txuas ntxiv rau nws yog kwv yees li 80 lab. thiab ua phem npaum li cas rau Red Army tawm tsam …
Qhov tseeb, poob ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees nrog lub hnub qub (suav nrog cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog) - 8, 6 lab tus tib neeg. Tsis suav qhov poob ntawm tub ceev xwm, cov koom tes, cov tub rog ntawm Peb Reich thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam ntxiv. Qhov tseeb yog lub sijhawm ntawd USSR tau ua tsov rog tsis yog nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes (ua ke nrog Austria), tabsis tseem yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws Europe. Cov pejxeem ntawm Tebchaws Europe, tshwj tsis yog Askiv tau koom nrog peb thiab ua siab loj Serbia, uas txuas ntxiv tawm tsam txawm tias tom qab kev ua haujlwm, yog kwv yees li 400 lab tus tib neeg.
Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, 34,476,7 txhiab tus neeg tau npaj rau hauv Pawg Tub Rog, uas yog, 17.8% ntawm lub tebchaws cov pejxeem. Thiab Thib Peb Reich tau mob siab txog li 21% ntawm nws cov pejxeem. Ntawd yog, nws tsim qhov pom tias Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau nruj rau kev ua tsov rog ntau dua li Lub Koom Haum. Tab sis hauv Soviet pab tub rog muaj feem pua ntau ntawm cov poj niam uas tau ua haujlwm yeem thiab los ntawm kev sau npe. Cov cim qhia, kws saib xyuas mob, kws kho mob tub rog, snipers, phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, tsav dav hlau, thiab lwm yam. Hauv lub sijhawm nyuaj tshaj plaws, Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg (GKO) txawm txiav txim siab tsim cov phom poj niam, uas cov txiv neej tsuas yog cov uas thauj cov phom loj hnyav (txawm hais tias qhov kev txiav txim siab no tseem nyob ntawm daim ntawv xwb). Thiab hauv tebchaws Ntsaws Mes Nis, txawm tias lub sijhawm raug tshem tawm thiab swb, cov poj niam tsis tau ua tub rog. Ntxiv mus, muaj ob peb ntawm lawv txawm tias tsim khoom.
Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem? Muaj tsawg tus txiv neej hauv USSR? Qhov tseeb yog tsis yog tsuas yog cov tub rog xav tau los ua rog xwb, tabsis tseem muaj riam phom, khoom siv, mos txwv, ntau yam khoom siv tub rog, khoom siv, roj thiab ntau yam ntxiv. Ntawd yog, hauv kev tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom hnyav, txiv neej xav tau. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau los ntawm cov hluas thiab poj niam. Yog li ntawd, tsoomfwv Soviet tau yuam kom xa poj niam mus rau pem hauv ntej. Thiab Hitler tsis muaj teeb meem zoo li no. Tom qab ntawd "European Union" tau nyob ze rau Berlin. Lub teb chaws Yelemees tau muab riam phom, khoom siv, mos txwv thiab cov khoom lag luam thoob plaws Europe. Fab Kis muab lub teb chaws Yelemees tag nrho cov tub rog tso tsheb hlau luam, Fab Kis tsim cov cuab yeej loj rau cov neeg German, suav nrog tsheb. Czechoslovakia tseem tau xa tag nrho cov arsenals thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tub rog mus rau cov neeg German, tab sis tseem tau tsim cov tub rog uas muaj cov tub rog nqa khoom, thiab thoob plaws hauv kev ua rog tsis tu ncua muab tso tsheb hlau luam, dav hlau, phom, caj npab me me thiab mos txwv. Tus Tsov tau tsim lub dav hlau, muab khoom noj, thiab tsim hluav taws xob hluavtaws thiab roj hmab. Switzerland tau muab nyiaj qiv, kev pabcuam rau kev hla cov khoom lag luam thiab cov tub rog thauj khoom, rau kev lag luam hauv plundered khoom thoob plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, rau kev khaws cov khoom ntawm Nazi. Sweden muab cov hlau hlau, cov khoom siv rau thev naus laus zis, Norway - nqaij nruab deg, thiab lwm yam. Thaum kawg, txhua tus ua haujlwm rau Reich.
"Crusade" ntawm cov teb chaws Europe
Thiab Tebchaws Europe tau tawm tsam peb tsis yog ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua ntej. Cov Nazis tsim kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Soviet thoob ntiaj teb tiag tiag hauv Wehrmacht thiab SS pab tub rog. Txog li 2 lab tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb European tau tawm tsam Hitler tawm tsam USSR. Tsuas yog cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, SS pab tub rog, tau txais 400,000 tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws los rau hauv lawv qib. Cov neeg German tau tsim 59 txoj haujlwm pab dawb, 23 pab tub rog thiab ntau lub tebchaws thiab pab tub rog. Cov no yog kev sib cais xws li Valonia, Galicia, Bohemia thiab Moravia, Viking, Denemark, Gembez, Langemark, Nordland, Netherlands, Charlemagne thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg European tau ua haujlwm pab dawb tsis yog hauv tebchaws nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem nyob hauv German kev sib faib.
Ob leeg hauv USSR thiab hauv Lavxias, lawv qhia tias Fabkis yog peb cov phoojywg hauv Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Partisans thiab cov neeg tua rog hauv av, de Gaulle cov neeg tua rog thiab cov lus hais txog huab cua Normandie-Niemen. Yog lawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob thuam cov txiv neej siab tawv ntawm Normandie-Niemen thiab Sib ntaus Fabkis. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg Fabkis tau tawm tsam Hitler sab. Muaj coob leej tuaj pab dawb ntawm lawv. Qee qhov tau sau tseg rau hauv Wehrmacht, lwm tus tau ua haujlwm hauv Legion of French Volunteers (tsim thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941). Cov tub rog tau tuaj txog thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941 ntawm Lavxias pem hauv ntej raws li cov tub rog tub rog No. 638 thiab tawm tsam ntawm Borodino, tom qab ntawd tau siv tawm tsam cov koomhaum. Xyoo 1944, Legion tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm 33rd SS Charlemagne Division. Tus naj npawb tseeb ntawm Fab Kis uas tau tawm tsam nyob rau qib Wehrmacht tsis paub. Ntau tshaj 23 txhiab tus pej xeem Fab Kis raug ntes los ntawm Soviet Union. Qee tus Fab Kis uas tawm tsam Hitler raug ntes los ntawm Anglo-Asmeskas, thaum lwm tus tsuas yog rov qab los tsev.
Kaum hnub tom qab pib ua tsov rog nrog USSR, lub taub hau (tus thawj coj) ntawm Lub Xeev ywj pheej ntawm Croatia, Ante Pavelic, tau hu rau Croats koom nrog pab tub rog uas tau tawm tsam tiv thaiv Soviet Union. Cov tub rog muaj peb pawg tub rog ua rog. Ib ntawm cov tub rog muaj suav nrog cov neeg Muslim ntawm Bosnia-Herzegovina. Cov tub rog, uas cov neeg German hu ua 369th Croatian Txhawb Kev Pabcuam Tub Rog Me Nyuam Yaus, tom qab ntawd tau txhawb nqa nrog cov tub rog loj. Croats tau tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Ukraine, ze Stalingrad.
Ib tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm tus ncej tau tawm tsam Hitler sab. Ntawm thaj av Polish, uas dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Peb Lub Reich, lawv tau sau tseg rau hauv Qib ntawm Wehrmacht. Los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm ib feem ntawm Polish ntawm Upper Silesia ib leeg, ntau dua 100 txhiab tus neeg tau npaj rau hauv pab tub rog German. Hauv qee qhov kev faib tub rog ntawm Wehrmacht, Tus ncej tau ua los ntawm 12% txog 30% thiab txawm tias 45% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, ntau dua 60 txhiab tus tub rog raug kaw hauv Soviet, uas tawm tsam ntawm Hitler. Thiab qhov no tsis tiav cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, kwv yees li 600 txhiab tus neeg raug kaw los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Reich thiab nws lub hnub qub, tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas tsim nyog, tau tso ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw. Cov no yog cov neeg feem ntau tsis yog haiv neeg German: Tus ncej, Czechs, Slovaks, Bulgarians, Romanians, Moldovans, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li, cov neeg German tau koom tes tsim cov koom tes sib koom tes. Kuj tseem muaj Vlasov's "Russia Liberation Army" (ROA), muaj ob pab tub rog "Nachtigall" thiab "Roland", suav nrog cov neeg Ukrainian haiv neeg thiab tsim los ntawm Abwehr rau kev ua phem, tub ceev xwm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb Baltic, uas tau ua haujlwm hauv German cov tub rog hauv av, Luftwaffe, thiab SS, thiab tsis muaj npe rau lawv txoj haujlwm rau txim. Txhua qhov kev sib cais tau tsim hauv Baltic States: 15th Waffen SS Grenadier Division (1st Latvian), 19th Waffen SS Grenadier Division (2nd Latvian), 20th Waffen SS Grenadier Division (1st Estonian) … Txog xyoo 1944, 22 tus tub ceev xwm tub rog ntawm Schutzmannschaft (suab nrov, "pab pawg ruaj ntseg") tau tsim hauv tebchaws Lithuania. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nyob rau hauv 1941-1944. 20 txhiab tus neeg tau ua haujlwm hauv ntau pawg tub ceev xwm Lithuanian. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1944, cov neeg Lithuanians tau tsim Lub Hauv Paus Hauv Lub Tebchaws ntawm Lithuania (12 txhiab tus neeg), uas tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm Wehrmacht tus phooj ywg. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1, 1944, kev tshaj tawm dav dav hauv Wehrmacht tau tshaj tawm hauv tebchaws Lithuania. Cov tsev tsim kho (3 txhiab tus tib neeg) tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg Lithuanians. Tsis tas li, 13 ntxiv tub ceev xwm tub rog tau tsim. Thaum pib xyoo 1945, kwv yees li 37 txhiab tus tib neeg tau koom nrog kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Red Army ntawm sab ntawm Wehrmacht uas yog ib feem ntawm ntau pawg tub rog Lithuanian thiab cov kev pabcuam. Cov neeg nplua nuj Lithuanian tau koom nrog kev tua 229 txhiab tus neeg Soviet raug kaw hauv kev ua rog, 220 txhiab tus neeg Yudais, nrog rau ntau txhiab tus neeg pej xeem, cov neeg koom nrog thiab cov tub rog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lwm thaj tsam ntawm USSR, Poland thiab Yugoslavia ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lithuania.
Ntawm cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb uas dhau los ua tub rog ntawm Wehrmacht yog cov sawv cev ntawm cov neeg Esxias thiab Caucasian ntawm USSR. Thaum thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1942, thawj 4 thiab tom qab ntawd 6 Asian-Caucasian legions tau koom ua ke rau hauv Wehrmacht. Lawv tau txais cov xwm txheej zoo ib yam li European legions. Turkestan, Muslim-Caucasian (tom qab Azerbaijan), Georgian, Armenian, North Caucasian (uas suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm 30 haiv neeg sib txawv ntawm North Caucasus), Volga-Tatar (Idel-Ural) legions. Qhov kawg ntawm 1943, cov lus txib ntawm cov tub rog sab hnub tuaj hauv tebchaws Poland tau raug tshem tawm. Cov lus txib no tau tsim 14 Turkestan, 8 Azerbaijani, 8 Georgian, 9 Armenian, 7 North Caucasian thiab 7 Volga Tatar cov tub rog. Tag nrho ntawm 53 pawg tub rog nrog lub zog tag nrho ntawm ntau dua 50 txhiab tus neeg tau tsim, uas tau xa ua ntej mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Poob.
Kuj tseem muaj Hitler cov phooj ywg ua haujlwm, uas nws cov tub rog sib koom ua ke nrog cov neeg German tau nyiag thiab hlawv Soviet Union. Italians, Romanians, Hungarians, Finns, Croats, Slovaks. Bulgarians hlawv Serbia ntxeev siab. Thiab tsis raug cai Spain xa Blue Division. Tag nrho cov neeg European no tau nce mus rau peb thaj av hauv kev cia siab ntawm kev taug kev yooj yim thiab cov neeg tua tsiaj loj.
