Txog rau xyoo kaum ob ntawm lub xyoo pua no, peb cov lus qhia ntawm kev txhim kho dhau mus thiab tam sim no tab tom nrhiav hauv kev lag luam ntawm ntiaj chaw - ua pa, hluav taws xob, atom. "Tam sim no, lub ntiaj teb tab tom txav mus rau qib plaub, raws li photon thev naus laus zis," tau sau tseg tias lub taub hau paub zoo ntawm kev lag luam tiv thaiv hauv tsev, tus thawj coj ntawm pab pawg No. Raws li Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Lavxias, Tus Kws Tshaj Lij ntawm Moscow Aviation Institute Alexei Shulunov, "cov thev naus laus zis no siv cov khoom ntawm photons, cov khoom uas tsis muaj kev so ntau thiab them nqi, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kov yeej lub hauv paus kev txwv lub cev ntawm" classical "electronics. Ib ntawm nws thaj chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog radiophotonics ".
Nyob rau sab hnub poob, radiophotonics tau hais los ntawm lub sij hawm mwp-microwavephotonics, hauv Russia, ntawm cov lus pom zoo ntawm Tus Kws Tshaj Lij ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Yuri Vasilievich Gulyaev thiab Tus Kws Tshaj Lij ntawm Moscow Aviation Institute Alexei Nikolaevich Shulunov, lo lus "radiophotonics" tau txais, uas twb tau txais los ntawm qee tus kws tshaj lij sab hnub poob.
Nws yog raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hluav taws xob laser nrog lub teeb liab microwave rau kev hloov pauv ntxiv uas twb muaj lawm hauv qhov kho qhov muag. Hloov lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub photon ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev tsim qauv siv xov tooj cua, kom tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm kev sib nqus sib nqus, txhawm rau ua kom nrawm dua thiab ntim cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv los ntawm ntau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau, kom txo qhov hnyav, qhov ntev thiab lub zog kev siv, piv txwv li, ntawm tib qhov ntev-ntau thiab ultra-ntev-ntau radars.
"Kev nkag siab txog qhov ua tsis tau ntawm kev hloov pauv cov teeb meem hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov xov tooj cua-photonic," sau ntawv Aleksey Nikolaevich, "tau txuas nrog kev ua tiav ntawm kev txwv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas, kev hloov mus rau qhov me me ntawm cov khoom vim muaj ntau nyob rau hauv qhov ntev ntawm qhov muag nthwv dej."
Tebchaws Asmeskas, EU, Nyij Pooj, Kaus Lim Qab Teb thiab Tuam Tshoj yog cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb hauv kev siv xov tooj cua-photon thev naus laus zis.
Peb tseem muaj kev vam meej nrog SCRIPP
Alexei Shulunov hais tias "Kuv tau pom thiab koom nrog hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam xov tooj cua los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev mus rau lub xeev ruaj khov, uas tau tshwm sim hauv USSR thiab ntiaj teb txij li xyoo 50s-thaum ntxov 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem," pib ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab, Kuv pom tias lub ntiaj teb twb muaj qhov hloov pauv mus rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab - xov tooj cua -photonic, thaum xub thawj tsis siv cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab txij xyoo 2012-2014 - mus rau ib qho. Cov cuab yeej tshiab thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas tau raug tsim, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cob qhia, tshwj xeeb tshiab tau tshwm sim, thiab kev tsim khoom tiav tiav tau npaj tseg."
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias thawj daim duab qhia kev pib ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia txij xyoo 2013. Xyoo 2016, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias Lavxias Vladimir Putin, tsab ntawv thib ob ntawm txoj kev qhia tau pib. Photonics Technology Platform kuj tau pib siv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm hauv tsev ntawm lub tswv yim rau kev txhim kho cov tshuab photonics, nws tau hais txog tias cov peev nyiaj rau kev txhim kho thiab siv cov thev naus laus zis raws li nws xav tau ntau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov tsawg dua rau kev tsim cov xov tooj cua tshuab hluav taws xob. Thiab qhov no, raws li Alexei Shulunov, yog qhov yuam kev uas zam tsis tau. Aleksey Shulunov hais tias, "Tsis hloov pauv tus cwj pwm hauv lub tebchaws thiab cov tuam tsev mus rau kev tsim kho cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thev naus laus zis," hais tias Aleksey Shulunov, "hauv peb lossis plaub xyoos, tag nrho kev lag luam Lavxias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws kev lag luam hauv xov tooj cua-tshuab hluav taws xob, yuav poob qis nyob hauv qab kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis uas nws yuav koom nrog hauv kev hloov pauv khoom, nrog cov teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg. daws qhov teeb meem no ".
Thiab ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas xav tau nws txoj kev daws teeb meem sai yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev hauv paus rau radiophotonics. Nws cov khoom tivthaiv yog ua raws A3B5 cov ntaub ntawv (gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, indium phosphite …), uas muaj ob lub khoos phis tawj thiab xov tooj cua thev naus laus zis. Rau lawv cov kev tsim, Tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Zhores Alferov tau txais khoom plig Nobel. Yog tsis muaj lawv, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov cuab yeej siv xov tooj cua-photonic.
Muaj cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv hauv lub tebchaws rau qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv xov tooj cua nrog qib kev txhim kho ntawm 90s lig. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam tsis muaj lub hauv paus rau niaj hnub ua ntu zus tsis sib xws thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv photonics. Kev ua haujlwm raug txwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no, cov khoom lag luam software rau cov qauv ua piv txwv thiab cov nyiaj txiag tsis tshua muaj. Cov koom haum tshawb fawb tshawb fawb (SRIs) thiab tsim cov tsev haujlwm (KB) ntawm kev lag luam tau siv yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv thiab cov hauv paus, nrog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kawm los tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, tsim kev muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim khoom kawg.
Tsuas yog ob peb lub tuam txhab hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tsev (MIC), qee lub koom haum tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau muaj lub hauv paus thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm radiophotonics, cov phiaj xwm sib cais tau ua tiav ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum Polyus, Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Semiconductor Physics thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum ntawm Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Siberian Branch ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb koom haum nyob hauv St Petersburg, Perm, Tomsk, ntawm cov tuam txhab ntawm JSC RTI. Kev cais cais qhov kev sim zaum kawg tau tsim los ntawm JSC KRET, JSC Radar-mms, NPK NIIDAR: ib qho nquag ua ntu ntu (AFAR) radar ntawm lub cim thib tsib uas siv cov xov tooj cua-photon tivthaiv tshiab tshaj plaws. Thiab ntawm MEPhI, kev siv thev naus laus zis puv ntoob tau tsim los tsim cov hauv paus hauv paus ntawm qhov loj me uas tsim nyog ntawm ib txheej.
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, lub xeev cov xov tooj cua hauv xov tooj cua hauv lub tebchaws - lub hauv paus thev naus laus zis, muaj peev xwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, lub koom haum ua haujlwm, - raws li Alexei Shulunov tau sau tseg, yuav tsum muaj kev nqis tes ua meej.
Pab Pawg Ua Haujlwm No. 19 NTS VPK
Xyoo 2012, raws li Alexei Shulunov, ua ke nrog Tus Kws Tshaj Lij ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Yuri Gulyaev, lawv tau teeb tsa qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab kev qhia xov tooj cua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tshiab ntawm lub cev hauv tebchaws Russia. Thawj Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Tub Rog-Industrial Commission Yuri Borisov tau paub nrog daim ntawv sau tseg los ntawm lawv. Nws tau txiav txim siab tsim cov pab pawg ua haujlwm No. 19 ntawm NTS VPK ntawm xov tooj cua photonics, coj los ntawm Tus Kws Tshaj Lij ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Igor Fedorov. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kws tshaj lij los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam los ntawm ntau thaj tsam ntawm lub tebchaws, suav nrog Aleksey Shulunov. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, daim phiaj phiaj xwm rau kev txhim kho thiab hloov pauv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam hauv Russia mus rau qhov kev txiav txim siab thev naus laus zis tshiab tau kos. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm Lavxias Lavxias tau txaus siab rau cov kev txhim kho no thiab pib txhawb lawv. Kev siv xov tooj cua-photonics hauv cov khoom siv sib xws, uas yuav tsum tau tsim, yuav hloov pauv cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua yam cuab yeej siv xov tooj cua-hluav taws xob tam sim no-kev taw qhia, tshawb pom, tshawb nrhiav, thiab khoom siv radar.
Xyoo 2014, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm pab pawg No. 19 ntawm NTS VPK, RTI tau ua haujlwm tshawb fawb (R&D) los tshuaj xyuas lub xeev cov xov tooj cua photonics hauv ntiaj teb thiab hauv Russia, thiab tsim cov phiaj xwm sib xws rau nws txoj kev txhim kho. Txoj haujlwm no tau qhia tias txhawm rau txhawm rau kov yeej peb kev lag luam, cov nqi txhua xyoo xav tau yuav tsum yog kwv yees li ntawm 2-3 billion rubles. rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab 6-7 txhiab rubles. - rau cov cuab yeej siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab nruab nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas, tsis suav nrog kev qhia thiab xyaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Hauv LEADERS - RADIOELECTRONIC VETERAN
Pawg No. 19 thiab Aleksey Shulunov tau ntsuas ncaj qha txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv xov tooj cua-tshuab kev lag luam rau kev txhim kho thiab txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv ntawm xov tooj cua-photon thev naus laus zis. Hauv txhua qhov, lub tebchaws cov tsev tshawb fawb qub tshaj plaws rau kev sib txuas xov tooj cua nyob deb tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam tshiab. Yog li ntawd, Alexey Shulunov, ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm hauv pab pawg No. 19 ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, tau coj mus kuaj sim rau radiophotonics ntawm NIIDAR. "Tam sim no peb muaj txhua lub radars, suav nrog ceeb toom ntxov, yog qhov nqaim-band," said Aleksey Nikolayevich, uas muaj 80 xyoo thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017. - Hauv cov xov tooj cua dav dav siv lub hauv paus xov tooj cua-photon tiv thaiv lub hauv paus, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav txog 90% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub hom phiaj nyob, nrhiav seb pom dab tsi hauv huab cua lossis sab nraud: lub dav hlau, foob pob hluav taws, tawg, meteorite. Cov radars ntawm ntau qib thiab lub zog, suav nrog kev ceeb toom ntxov, tau txais cov khoom ntawm lub ntsej muag muaj peev xwm tsim cov duab ntawm cov khoom pom los ntawm lub radar, uas tam sim no tsuas yog muaj peev xwm ntawm cov xov tooj cua loj-kho qhov muag kom pom qhov chaw khoom "Krona" ntawm National Space Control System (SKKP) ntawm Mount Chapal hauv Karachay-Cherkessia. Thiab nrog lub tshuab xov tooj cua-photon microchip thev naus laus zis, yuav muaj kev txo qis hauv qhov loj me, qhov hnyav, kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov cuab yeej radar nyuaj thiab nce ntxiv hauv nws cov yam ntxwv zoo. Tsuas yog cov kav hlau txais xov uas muaj qhov loj me yuav nyob ntawm cov radars loj heev ntawm cov txheej txheem ceeb toom ntxov, SKKP, PRN."
Ib qho kev sim X-band radar nrog kho qhov muag heterodyne, uas tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm xov tooj cua nthwv dej, twb tau tsim lawm hauv NIIDAR kuaj. Qhov no yog lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tus txais yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los koom ua ke daws teeb meem kho vajtse ntawm ib qho radar tau txais cov channel ntawm kev ua haujlwm txhua zaus. Nws ib leeg tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm ntau qhov tau txais lub kav hlau txais xov. Ua tsaug rau xov tooj cua-photon thev naus laus zis, qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej yuav raug txo qis thiab nws qhov kev ntseeg tau yuav nce ntxiv.
Qhov chaw tshawb fawb thiab thematic No. 5 kuj tau tsim los ntawm NIIDAR, nws txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txhawm rau npog thiab teeb tsa kev ua haujlwm hauv txhua cheeb tsam ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov xov tooj cua photonics kev lag luam. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tej zaum twb yog lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm Interdepartmental Commission ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Russia. Lub hauv paus cov haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog kev koom nrog tsim ib qho kev sib koom ua ke thiab tsis sib xws, tsim cov cuab yeej siv xov tooj cua tshiab thiab xov tooj cua tsim tshuab, teeb meem ntawm kev ntsuas thiab ntsuas tus qauv, kev koom tes thoob ntiaj teb, suav nrog BRICS lub tebchaws, thiab tus tswv ntawm lwm cov ncauj lus hauv xov tooj cua photonics. Qhov qub tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev hwm tshaj plaws hauv xov tooj cua-tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tebchaws Russia thiab thoob ntiaj teb, raws li tau hais los ntawm Alexei Shulunov, muaj txhua txoj hauv kev rau txoj haujlwm no. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv mus rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv kev lag luam, txhawm rau ua kom lub xeev txoj haujlwm zoo tiag tiag thiab tswj hwm nws txoj kev ua haujlwm hauv lub xeev. Ua ntawv thov radiophotonics rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim radars, lub tuam txhab twb tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis rau ntau yam khoom siv tub rog thiab pej xeem.
Yog li, kev hloov pauv mus rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tshaj plaws, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm Lavxias lub xeev, uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua raws "cov koom tes", tau ua qhov chaw, ntawm lwm yam, ua tsaug rau txuj ci ntawm tus kws tsim txuj ci Alexei Shulunov.
