Niaj hnub AFVs, xws li M1117 ASV hauv daim duab, feem ntau yog tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ua los ntawm cov hlau thiab txhuas ntxiv rau cov khoom tiv thaiv ntxiv ua los ntawm ntau yam hlau, ceramics, sib xyaw, lossis ua ke ntawm cov no.
Rau Tebchaws Meskas thiab nws cov tswvcuab koom tes, xav tau kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov lus cog tseg tam sim no thiab xav tau. Tebchaws Asmeskas-coj ntau lub luag haujlwm hauv tebchaws Afghanistan, uas tseem tabtom ua haujlwm rau nws qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo, yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov kev kawm tau kawm hauv Iraq hais txog lub luag haujlwm thiab xav tau ntawm kev tiv thaiv nws cov tub rog thiab npaj tswv yim rau txoj haujlwm tshiab los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv
Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg (SPB) (lwm lub sijhawm rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Txheej Txheem) yog cov cuab yeej siv tswv yim vim tias nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig pom tau ntawm cov kab ke tseem ceeb thiab cov peev txheej thiab tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov neeg sib ntaus. Qhov no feem ntau yog siv rau asymmetric kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig uas muaj kev hem thawj rau txoj haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb, nrog rau cov tub rog thiab cov tsheb saib xyuas, tshwj xeeb. Thaum cov kev koom tes no hloov pauv sai, muaj cov txheej txheem ceeb toom hluav taws xob, ua ke nrog kev daws teeb meem tiv thaiv tau zoo, feem ntau tuaj yeem muab cov tub rog txiav txim siab kom zoo dua, tso cai rau lawv kom muaj sia nyob, tawm tsam thiab ua tus thawj. Hloov pauv, qhov tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog lossis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv lawv cov rog tuaj yeem tawm ntawm ob tus neeg tawm tsam thiab tsis yog cov neeg tawm tsam muaj kev phom sij rau kev tawm tsam, thiab qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb, txawm hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, kawm txog kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub no hauv thaj chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab.
Yam tseem ceeb
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem hais txog cov khoom siv tswv yim uas tiv taus kev tawm tsam ballistic thiab tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov, thauj mus los tau los yog txawb kev thauj mus los thiab kev tiv thaiv tus kheej lub foob pob. Cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm xws li hlau thiab txhuas lossis pob zeb txhawb ntxiv, nrog rau cov khoom siv qib siab xws li nanomaterials thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm SZB. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom ruaj khov thiab ib ntus xws li tus saib xyuas, pab tub rog lossis lub tsheb ruaj ntseg, lub tsheb tiv thaiv kab ke, thiab tiv thaiv tus kheej kev tiv thaiv. Qhov tom kawg tuaj yeem suav nrog cov ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv lossis cov chaw tiv thaiv chaw tiv thaiv thiab thauj cov tub rog tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm.
Peb sim tsim lub tswv yim exoskeleton: cov phiaj xwm BLEEX, Raytheon SARCOS thiab Lockheed Martin HULC
Yog li ntawd, Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg (SPB) tuaj yeem pab tau zoo hauv kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob hauv kev sib ntaus thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov phiaj xwm los tiv thaiv lawv lub zog. Lawv kuj tseem yog lub hauv paus rau kev tawm tsam ntau hom kev tawm tsam asymmetric, xws li cov pob zeb me me ntawm txoj kev thiab RPGs thaum lub luag haujlwm hauv nroog ib puag ncig thiab kev tawm tsam kev kub ntxhov. Txij li lawv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw thiab lwm cov khoom siv qib siab thiab txawv, lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev kos npe rau kev tiv thaiv kev tsim kho vaj tse, xws li npog cov tsheb nrog ntau cov ntaub npog ntsej muag los ntawm radars hauv av. Qhov tseeb, peb tuaj yeem hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm SZB muaj ntau yam sib xws - zoo li cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv tuaj yeem ua tau.
Qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim los ntawm SZB tuaj yeem raug cais ua cov khoom qub thiab tshiab, uas yog, cov uas muaj cov khoom tshiab ntxiv rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj. Piv txwv li, nanomaterials, suav nrog nanotubes thiab nanofibers, ntxiv rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, tuaj yeem txhim kho cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem hauv thaj chaw uas tsis yog kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas yav dhau los tau pom tias muaj qib qis ntawm kev tiv thaiv rau kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, tam sim no suav nrog hauv SZB cov phiaj xwm siv. Piv txwv li tsab cai lij choj tso cai tiv thaiv lub tebchaws xyoo 2012, piv txwv li, muab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntau ntxiv hauv kev tsim tub rog hauv kev tsim tub rog, tsim thiab hloov kho tshiab cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab NATO lub tebchaws. Hauv kev tsim kho tus kheej, SOC cov kev xav tau rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm cov tsev uas twb muaj lawm kuj tseem nce ntxiv vim yog kev nyab xeeb, kev xav txog lub cev thiab ib puag ncig kev xav, vim tias kev tiv thaiv kev tsim qauv kuj muaj peev xwm txo qis suab nrov thiab ua kom muaj cua sov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv cov neeg tawm tsam tseem yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws rau cov phiaj xwm tub rog.
Tebchaws Asmeskas Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm (USACE) yog lub luag haujlwm rau tsoomfwv Asmeskas cov haujlwm los tsim kev ua tub rog, pej xeem, thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws kev tsim kho thoob ntiaj teb thiab hauv tebchaws. Tej zaum txoj haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws tsim los ntawm USACE, Pentagon, sawv ua qhov nco txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm SIS cov haujlwm thiab lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws thiab pab tub rog tiv thaiv. Kev tsim kho tau ua tiav xyoo 1941, nrog rau cov hlau me me siv vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov txheej txheem raw khoom thaum lub sij hawm ua rog, Pentagon tau tsim los yuav luag tag nrho ntawm cov pob zeb txhawb nqa. Hauv qhov xaus ntawm American Society of Civil Engineers 'kawm txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev tam sim tom qab lub Cuaj Hlis 11, nws tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim qauv qub thiab kev tsim kho ntawm Pentagon tau pab txhawb nws lub zog thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam ntawm lub dav hlau dav hlau, lawv txwv tsis pub lub cev puas tsuaj thiab ploj txoj sia. Cov yam ntxwv tsim ntawm kev ncaj ncees, rov ua dua thiab nqus tau lub zog tau hais qhia hauv pab pawg cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Nws tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus "yuav tsum yav tom ntej suav nrog hauv kev tsim cov tsev thiab lwm yam txheej txheem uas tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj loj zuj zus yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev."
Zoo sib xws, yog tias tsis zoo ib yam, cov peev txheej thiab cov tseev kom siv rau kev tsim kho hauv lub tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, loj thiab me, thiab yuav tsum suav nrog kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb xws li kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv pob raws li cov txheej txheem teeb tsa los tiv thaiv kev cia siab tiag tiag. Thiaj li, SZBs yog qhov tseem ceeb thoob plaws hauv kev ua tub rog thiab kev ua haujlwm rau pej xeem thiab zoo li yuav dhau los ua qhov qub nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Cov cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo rau tsim kev tiv thaiv
Monolithic systems
Qhov muaj zog zoo dua, "txaus" lub zog yuav ua rau lub foob pob tawg
Qhov tawv dua qhov zoo dua, "tsim nyog" tawv tawv tiv taus kev tawg
Cov tuab zoo dua
Qhov nyuab dua qhov zoo dua
Ib lub phaj tuab zoo dua li ob daim phaj nyias nyias
Qhov ntau nqes hav (lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib tham) zoo dua
Cov khoom siv ntau yam (sib xyaw)
Firmer tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua, tab sis tawv tawv tawv feem ntau tuaj
Tawv tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua, tab sis muaj lub hauv paus tawv yog feem ntau muaj
Thicker tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua
Nyuaj tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua
Ob daim hlau nyias tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua ib daim tuab
Ntau nqes hav tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua
Cov txiaj ntsig hloov kho
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej ib txwm tau qhia tias muaj kev txwv nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb tshiab, thaum cov khoom siv qib siab, suav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov khoom siv nanomaterials, tau qhia txog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem qub, ua rau cov tub rog muaj sia nyob txawm tias nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav.
Qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tam sim no tuaj yeem yog, tej zaum, ib qho ntawm qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Txias. Cov lus qhuab qhia tub rog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tau tsom mus rau kev ua tub rog nyob rau thaj tsam uas tsim (Cov lus Askiv MOBA - Kev Ua Haujlwm Mus Rau Cov Thaj Chaw Ua Ntej) lossis kev ua tub rog nyob hauv nroog (Cov lus Askiv MOUT - Kev Ua Tub Rog Hauv Nroog Thaj Chaw). Ib yam li ntawd, cov lus qhuab qhia uas tau tshwm sim tom qab Tsov Rog Hiav Txwv tau ua raws cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis siab, muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo hauv kev poob siab thiab kev ntshai ntawm qhov xwm txheej nrog lub sijhawm txwv. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis tau tshwm sim hauv Iraq, qhov chaw siv thev naus laus zis siab phem thiab kev tawm tsam yog qhov tseem ceeb tseem ceeb nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab qhov xav tau los tswj kev ua haujlwm nrawm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb.
SZBs muab qhov zoo rau cov tub rog koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev hauv tsev ua yeeb yam lossis qib hauv cheeb tsam, suav nrog cov uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm MOUT phiaj xwm. Ntau yam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no, piv txwv li, hauv kev tiv thaiv riam phom thiab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo siab, pom tseeb, qee qhov lwm tus tsis pom tseeb. Cov no tuaj yeem suav nrog ib puag ncig thiab teeb meem kev nyab xeeb ergonomic thiab tawv, sib khi thiab tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tsim los ntawm qhov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, SZB raws li txheej txheej thev naus laus zis tseem yuav muaj lub ntsiab lus dav dua li txawm tias cov uas ua haujlwm thoob plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv thev naus laus zis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem yog ib qho txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau txhua ceg ntawm cov tub rog, uas cuam tshuam rau lwm cov ntawv thov tiv thaiv thiab pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, kev ua haujlwm thiab daim ntawv thov kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws.
Qhov saum toj no tuaj yeem nthuav dav. SZB yuav tsum suav nrog hauv qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv nuclear thiab cov tswv yim tsim khoom (vim nws tsim nyog rau kev nyob ruaj khov, ib nrab- thiab tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm tes nyob hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej kev sib ntaus), cov tub rog thiab pej xeem cov haujlwm hauv thaj tsam tsis sib ntaus (vim tias cov tsev yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tsim kho tshiab uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua phem thiab kev puas tsuaj ntuj xws li cua daj cua dub thiab av qeeg), kev hloov kho tshiab thiab phiaj xwm los hloov pauv pab tub rog, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav (vim nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hauv tsev)) thiab cov tsheb sib ntaus (vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm los tsim kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv pob rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txawb).
Cov qauv ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag nyuaj nyuaj ntawm cov cuab yeej pob tshab
Cov iav uas siv los ntawm cov iav feem ntau tsis tsim cov iav: thawj iav ua txheej txheej, ob peb txheej iav thiab polyvinyl butyral nyob hauv nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd polyurethane thiab thaum kawg polycarbonate. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no nyob hauv qhov peev xwm ntawm polycarbonate nthuav dav thiab "ntes" cov khib nyiab uas tsim los ntawm cov iav nyuaj dua. Qhov kev nthuav dav no tuaj yeem hla ob ntiv tes.
NWBs tseem ua raws li kev nqis peev hloov kho phiaj xwm phiaj xwm. Qhov no vim tias qee qhov kev siv hauv thaj chaw thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm cov chaw thiab cov txheej txheem uas muaj tus nqi qis thiab tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab tag nrho, uas ua rau tso cai rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pob nyiaj siv ruaj khov rau lwm yam ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev hloov kho tshiab thiab thawj kauj ruam. Piv txwv li, Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg cov nyiaj xyoo 2010 tau faib $ 1.4 nphom rau kev txhim kho tub rog, $ 15.2 nphom rau kev tiv thaiv tub rog (qhov kev thov loj tshaj plaws tom qab kev siv tub rog txawj ntse), thiab $ 1.5 nphom txhawm rau sib ntaus IEDs (kho cov khoom tawg). SPBs tuaj yeem txhim kho tus nqi kom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov haujlwm tiv thaiv no. Thiaj li, nws yog thev naus laus zis uas muaj peev xwm them nyiaj ntau rau kev txhim kho cov haujlwm rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tawm tsam kev ua phem, xws li cov chaw lis haujlwm thiab lwm yam haujlwm tsim vaj tsev mus ntev, los tiv thaiv VIPs thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog hauv cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb.
Lwm qhov zoo ntawm kev lees paub SZBs thiab koom ua ke rau hauv kev txhim kho cov tub rog txoj haujlwm suav nrog qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej thiab cov txheej txheem qib siab ntawm lawv cov khoom lag luam thiab kev ua tom ntej thiab kev kho dua tshiab qhia ib qho yooj yim platform rau kev txhim kho hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv txawv thiab qib siab, suav nrog nanomaterials. Lawv tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa hauv SZB txhawm rau muab lub peev xwm ntxiv, xws li kev kos cim lub cim xeeb thiab biometrics, uas lawv tus kheej dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob nws tus kheej. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb tab tom tab tom txhim kho kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem, tsim khoom thiab tsim qauv thiab siv SSS, uas siv lawv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau siv hauv ntau yam kev thov.
Piezoelectric Cheebtsam los ntawm Ceramtec
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov ntaub ntawv rau SZB thiab cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam tau tsim hauv cov chaw thiab cov kev pabcuam ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg thiab kev lag luam ntiag tug. Ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm R&D txuas ntxiv, nws tsim nyog sau cia rau ARL cov tub rog tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, nws lub chaw haujlwm riam phom thiab khoom siv tshawb fawb koom nrog kev tiv thaiv kev pib ua haujlwm hauv cov haujlwm rau kev cia siab rau lub tsheb, riam phom thiab tsheb yav tom ntej. Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Delaware Center rau Cov Khoom Sib Sau kuj tseem ua DOD-nyiaj tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv qib siab, thiab lwm qhov chaw txhim kho SZB yuav raug hais qhia.
Advanced nanomaterials
Kev tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv siv nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm kev tsim qauv, kev tsim thiab txheej txheem molding. Kev nrawm ntawm kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho ntawm kev nrawm tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv thev naus laus zis thiab siv kev tshawb fawb, tau tsav los ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev sib tw. Qhov no siv rau kev tshawb pom cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, nrog rau txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev siv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog uas tsim nyog rau kev hloov pauv kev txhim kho hauv kev tiv thaiv lawv cov rog.
Nanomaterials tau pom muaj kev siv dav hauv cov phiaj xwm kev txhim kho hauv daim ntawv thov no, thiab ntau yam kev hloov pauv cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom tseem tab tom txhim kho lossis tau dhau mus rau kev tsim khoom lag luam. Thaum xub thawj ntawm kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv qib siab yog graphene, tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 2004, cov duab hluav taws xob homologue uas nws tus yam ntxwv txawv txawv ua rau nws cog lus rau ntau daim ntawv thov, suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm siv kev tiv thaiv yam ntxwv. Graphene yog ib daim ntawv ntawm graphite tsuas yog ib lub atom tuab, ua rau nws yog li cov ntaub ntawv uas tau pom tsawg tshaj plaws rau hnub tim. Vim qhov tseeb tias nws muaj li ntawm ob puas npaug lub zog dua li cov hlau, graphene kuj tseem yog ib yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ruaj tshaj plaws uas tau tsim nyob hauv chav kuaj. Graphene tseem muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txawv txav, uas tshaj tawm cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor microprocessors. Qhov no ua rau graphene cov khoom siv nrog lub peev xwm zoo hauv ntau thaj chaw thev naus laus zis. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias txhua yam no tau cog lus tseg, kev siv graphene rau kev tsim kho cov tub rog txoj haujlwm tseem nyob rau yav tom ntej vim tias tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab no, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv cov khoom lag luam thaum tswj kom muaj txiaj ntsig siab.(Rau "kev sim siab nrog cov khoom siv ob sab - graphene" A. K. Geim thiab K. Novoselov tau txais khoom plig Nobel hauv physics rau xyoo 2010).
M2 / M3 BRADLEY BMP siv 7039-T64 (ib nrab sab saud) thiab 5083-H131 (qis ib nrab) aluminium alloy armor. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Iraq tau ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv vim yog txheej txheej ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov hlau ntau txheej ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus passive (sib xyaw) thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas peb pom hauv daim duab.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa roj carbon nanotubes (CNTs) tau paub zoo dua hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thawj zaug thiab twb tau pom ntau qhov kev thov tsis yog tsuas yog hauv kev ua tub rog, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv thaj tsam kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws thiab kev cai lij choj. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntev nanotubes tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam duab thiab cov qauv, suav nrog cov ntawv, cov ntawv, cov phaj, thiab cov duab puab. Qhov kawg "nano-txhim kho" cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov hnyav tab sis ruaj khov, thiab lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Thaum tsim cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke, CNT-based cov cuab yeej ua kom yoog raws, lub teeb yuag uas muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm lub tsheb thiab lwm yam kev ruaj ntseg lossis txawb kev sib ntaus. Raws li daim ntawv cog lus tam sim no nrog Natick Labs kuaj, Nanocomp thev naus laus zis tau tsim cov vaj huam sib luag sib xyaw raws li CNT tsuas yog ob peb mm tuab rau kev tiv thaiv tus kheej ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, lawv tso tseg 9 mm mos txwv nyob ze.
Kev puas tsuaj thaum xuas nrig ntaus cov khoom sib xyaw
Cov khoom siv sib xyaw
Me ntsis zoo ib yam li cov hlau sib xyaw, cov khoom sib xyaw sib txawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov uas lawv tsis sib xyaw hauv ib leeg thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv sib txawv dua li cov khoom lossis sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau theem. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li cov hlau nplaum, cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ob lossis ntau qhov sib xyaw, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv cov duab lossis cov qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tau raws li ntau yam txheej txheem. Cov no suav nrog cov txheej txheem sib txuas tshiab xws li lamination, sandwiching, sintering, particle txhaj tshuaj molding, fiber ntau weaving, thiab nano-manufacturing cov txheej txheem xws li microcompression. Thaum tsim los ua cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo, lawv tau muab cais ua cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua ke (CSA) thiab tsim cov khoom siv tshiab xws li hlau sib xyaw ua ke laminate (MIL) thiab ceramic matrix composites (CMC).
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog tsim los ua cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke thiab laminates ntawm cov phab ntsa tuab sib xyaw, cov roj hmab thiab cov txheej txheej uas sib xyaw ua ke kom muab qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ballistic nrog qhov hnyav tsawg. Ntawm cov laminates no yog opaque, translucent thiab pob tshab tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej sib xyaw uas tau siv los ua qhov tawg pov thawj iav hloov rau tsheb. Epoxy fiberglass thiab fiberglass composites muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau tsheb hauv thaj chaw sib ntaus uas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm IED kev tawm tsam yog siab heev. Aluminium ua npuas nrog kaw lub hlwb CCAF (Kaw-Cell Aluminium Ua Npuas Ncauj) muaj qhov hnyav qis ua ke nrog lub zog siab, nruj, nqus tau lub zog zoo, nws cov yam ntxwv kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem sib txawv vim yog cov qauv ntawm microstructure uas ua rau lawv. Thaum foob pob, CCAF nthuav tawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb tsis hloov pauv thiab kev nyuab siab ntog ntog. Cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj CCAF tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 20mm lub cev tawg, raws li cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm Asmeskas chaw kuaj mob ARL.
Cov foob pob hluav taws sib xyaw hauv pawg no haum rau kev tiv thaiv lub tsheb tawg, xws li kev tiv thaiv lub foob pob rau MRAP lub tsheb tso rau hauv ib puag ncig kev sib ntaus hauv nroog. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv hauv lwm qhov chaw, xws li cov phom loj. Lawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm daim npog npog lossis vaj huam sib luag, uas tau teeb tsa sab hauv thiab sab nrauv tiv thaiv cov tshuab raws li cov phiaj hauv pem teb, tiv thaiv cov ntoo thiab ntaub thaiv. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv kev tawg thiab cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv kev tawg (ntau qhov tawg tsam thib ob thiab khib nyiab). Qhov no ua rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke zoo haum rau kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau MRAP thiab lwm yam tsheb me thiab nruab nrab kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas tsim qauv yuav tsum yog kev sib cav muab qhov hnyav txwv vim qhov tseeb tias cov cuab yeej hnyav muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tsheb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsheb loj dua, suav nrog cov tsheb thauj khoom muaj tswv yim thiab tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog (xws li Rhino Runner armored bus), yog cov neeg sib tw zoo dua rau kev koom ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem hlau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv.
Thaum suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm nanomaterials, cov nanocomposites uas ua tau tuaj yeem muab qib ntxiv ntawm kev ua tau zoo lossis tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tau siv zog, lossis tib qib thaum txo qhov hnyav. Polymers thiab monomers, suav nrog cov yas polymers, kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim rau siv ua cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke rau kev thov tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem. Ib tus yam ntxwv ntawm nanopolymers cog nrog nanoparticles - tias lub nthwv dej tsawg dua li nthwv dej ntawm pom lub teeb (kwv yees li 400 nanometers) - qhia tias cov ntaub ntawv tiav tuaj yeem ua pob tshab. Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem polymerized tau tsim nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws. Pom tseeb, cov khoom no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum hloov kho lossis hloov iav ib txwm tsis muaj iav nyob hauv kev sib ntaus thiab kev nyab xeeb tsheb.
SmartArmour yog txheej txheej ntau txheej, ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas tsim los ntawm SmartNano Cov Khoom Siv ntawm Piano, tuaj yeem muab pob tshab lossis tsis pom kev rau cov neeg siv kawg, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv phom, foob pob tawg, tawg tawg thiab tawg ntawm IEDs. Txawm li cas los xij, Vitreloy zirconium thiab beryllium hlau iav kuj tseem tsim nrog cov khoom zoo sib xws los ntawm Amorphous Technologies International. ARL's RDECOM R & D Center tau tsim cov cuab yeej ua kua rau kev tiv thaiv ballistic raws li cov kua dej ua kom tuab ntawm cov khoom siv silica nanoparticles raug tshem tawm hauv polyethylene glycol; nws tau ua tiav kev sim ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev nrog Kevlar.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej yog qhov ua kom tiav ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem nrog nanostructures uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua tau zoo rau hauv cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm. Xws li "cov ntaub ntawv ntse" tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv phab ntsa thaiv, piv txwv ntawm kev siv yog piezoelectric. Cov no yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim tawm hluav taws xob thaum tshee, deformed lossis nrawm. Piezoelectrics, yav tas los ua lag luam siv nyob rau hauv rab koob tig tau, tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob, piv txwv li, cov vaj huam sib luag, cov khoom hloov pauv thiab teeb tsa hauv phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cua sov, kev co thiab poob siab.
Hauv ib qhov haujlwm pab nyiaj los ntawm Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob thiab ua los ntawm Berkeley lub chaw kuaj mob hauv Tsev Kawm Qib Siab California, cov khoom siv piezoelectric tshiab hauv lub xeev raws cov ntaub ntawv piezoelectric nrog cov qauv perovskite siv lead ua. Txawm li cas los xij, Accellent Technologies, Minneapolis-based tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg tshwj xeeb hauv kev saib xyuas cov txheej txheem, tau tsim kho vajtse thiab software suite hu ua SMART Layer uas sib txuas cov sensors rau hauv cov khoom siv xws li vaj huam sib luag thiab phab ntsa. Lub tuam txhab cov txheej txheem siv ntau lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob uas siv microprocessor-based thermal, tensile thiab fiber-optic sensors txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kev hloov pauv hauv kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov txheej txheem pom uas siv cov tswv cuab muaj txiaj ntsig scanning. Diaform Armor Solutions, ib pawg ntawm Ceradyne Inc., tau tsim cov teeb meem tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hnyav siv cov thermoplastic sib xyaw kom nrawm tsim cov qauv peb-seem uas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem txhim kho.
Bulletproof Protech Security Module
IBD Deisenroth Advanced Multi-Layer Armor Concept
Modular tsim cov ntsiab lus uas ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws (BAM) kuj tseem siv dav hauv kev tsim qauv tshiab, ntxiv thiab hloov kho rau cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm, qhov twg cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev nyab xeeb thiab tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ballistic. BAM qhov tshwj xeeb, tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Antiballistic Security and Protection (ASAP), Inc, piav qhia ntau txheej txheej txheej txheej tiv thaiv txheej txheem, xws li phab ntsa, qab nthab thiab hauv pem teb, tsim los ntawm txheej txheej tawv tawv ntawm aramid fiber thiab cov cuab yeej ua kom tawv tawv (piv txwv li, Thermasteel, tsim los ntawm Thermasteel Corporation), lossis cov hlau tawv tawv. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm BAM suav nrog BAM-1, BAM-1A, thiab BAM-8; txhua tus piav qhia nce qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv yam ntxwv. Zagros Kev Tsim Kho tau tsim nws cov txheej txheem phab ntsa, ThermalBlast, uas lub tuam txhab hais tias muaj kev tiv taus rau kev tawm tsam ballistic thiab quab yuam kev tawm tsam. Nws siv cov txheej txheem patent BAM-8 suav nrog kev tiv thaiv, lub teeb nrig tiv thaiv sab hauv phab ntsa (lossis BAM Inner Matrix), ib nrab ntawm cov pob zeb Kevlar, uas tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau hauv qab nthab thiab hauv pem teb thiab lwm yam ThermaSteel panels. Lub tuam txhab pom zoo nws cov ThermalBlast system rau embassies, tsoomfwv thiab chaw xa ntawv, kev teeb tsa tub rog, chaw tso mos txwv, thiab lwm qhov chaw tseem ceeb. US Bullet-proofing tsim nws ntau yam ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj phom tiv thaiv ua ib daim ntawv foob pob, uas lub tuam txhab ntsuas kom tau raws li NIJ Armor Level IV.
Cov ntaub ntawv SZB kuj tseem siv rau qee qhov kev ua phem, xws li cov kab hluav taws xob ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab tso cov raj thiab cov thawv ntim rau ntawm lub xov tooj cua tiv thaiv cov foob pob hluav taws, uas xav tau cua sov puas thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv tus yam ntxwv. HyperShield system, tsim los ntawm Asmeskas lub tuam txhab V-System Composites, uas siv cov vuas luaj sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke, yog qhov pheej yig, hnav tsis tau daim ntawv foob foob foob thiab muaj NIJ Qib III qib tiv thaiv rau kev tiv thaiv foob pob, uas suav nrog thauj tsheb thiab ballistic xav tau rau lub dav hlau. Lub foob pob nuclear foob pob, xws li Asmeskas B-61, tseem tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem, thaum lub foob pob hluav taws npaj rau kev foob pob hauv av hauv qhov hu ua "ntaub pua plag", xws li Asmeskas B-53 foob pob, tseem yuav xav tau ua armoring. ntawm lub cev mos txwv. los ntawm kev poob siab.
Frontier Performance Polymers, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Army Center Natick, tau ua tiav tsim cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis thiab txoj hauv kev tsim khoom tshiab rau lub teeb yuag, cov cuab yeej pob tshab los tiv thaiv lub qhov muag thiab ntsej muag. Cov khoom siv no nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 0.16 kg / cm2 muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li aramid / phenolic cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv lub kaus mom hlau tub rog, tab sis raug nqi tsawg dua 10 npaug.
Cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm siv hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, xws li cov hlau tsis muaj pob zeb thiab cov pob zeb txhawb ntxiv, tsis yog cov khoom siv yav dhau los. Cov khoom siv hlau tshwj xeeb tseem yog cov khoom siv nyiam vim lawv tau pov thawj cov khoom tiv thaiv thiab cov chaw tsim khoom uas twb muaj lawm rau lawv cov khoom siv thiab tiv thaiv. Cov no hu ua "tawv" cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsis tsuas yog siv rau cov hlau phom thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw, tab sis kuj tseem siv rau cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov khoom zoo. Qhov no kuj tseem siv rau hom khaub ncaws uas ua los ntawm lossis txhawb nqa nrog cov fiber, lossis nruj nreem mesh. Raws li cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem, cov pob zeb muaj cov yam ntxwv xav tau thiab tseem siv dav thaum muaj tus nqi tsim khoom qis.
Tebchaws Asmeskas Tub Rog Tub Rog LAV 8x8 tau txais cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua ke ntxiv rau nws cov txhuas hlau hull raws li ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm hloov kho tshiab niaj hnub no.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv los ntawm AMAP-S IBD Deisenroth ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo lub tsheb lub npe cua sov
Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm Tsam Tsheb EFV (Kev Tawm Tsam Tawm Tshav Dav Hlau) ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog yog thawj lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, uas siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv 2518-787, hlau txhuas, tooj liab, manganese. Txawm hais tias cov hlau phom no tawv thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub pob zeb tawv hauv cov pob tw sib txuas. Qhov no yuam cov chaw tsim khoom kom tshem tawm cov hlua txuas thiab lub hauv paus txuas ntawm cov qauv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, phaj rau phaj yog tam sim no txuas nrog tshuab. Thaum kawg, ntau yam teeb meem nrog rau txoj haujlwm no ua rau kaw qhov kev cog lus no.
Alloys yog qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem. Cov hlau nplaum yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg - cov hlau (lossis cov xim hlau thiab tsis yog xim hlau), feem ntau yog "fused" ua ke lossis sib xyaw ua ke thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem yaj. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom siv nrog kev ua tau zoo dua li ib feem ntawm tus kheej. Titanium thiab titanium alloys yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheej. Lawv siv suav nrog "cov paib" cov phiaj xwm hauv tus kheej, uas muab kev tiv thaiv qib siab rau thaj chaw uas muaj kev phom sij heev ntawm lub cev. Beryllium-aluminium alloy kuj tau pom tias ua tiav hauv ntau kis. Lub zog tshwj xeeb thiab nruj ntawm cov hlau no dhau los ntawm cov pa roj carbon titanium zoo ib yam, ua rau cov txheej txheem qis dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Cov hlau ua hlau phom kuj tseem yog cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm.
Tus lej hu ua "superalloys" lossis "alloys kev ua tau zoo" kuj tau tsim ua lag luam raws li cov npe khoom. Ntawm lawv yog lub zog siab Hastelloy alloy, nws lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog kev hloov hlau - npib tsib xee; Kovar, cobalt-nickel alloy muaj txiaj ntsig rau nws qhov zoo tshaj coefficient ntawm kev nthuav dav cua sov; npib tsib xee-tooj liab-hlau alloy Monel; thiab Inconel nickel-chromium alloy.
Laser tawv yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm uas txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau puag thiab cov hlau phom. Muaj lwm hom kev txhim kho vaj tse, suav nrog microcompression, txheej txheem txheej txheem uas siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ion nqaj kom saturate cov ntaub ntawv qib siab nrog kev hloov pauv rau ntxiv lub zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Superplastic shaping kuj tseem siv tau, ua rau cov hlau thiab cov khoom lag luam nrog lub zog tensile siab heev.
Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Lub Zog NETL (Lub Tebchaws Kev Siv Tshuab thev naus laus zis Laboratory) tau txais haujlwm los ntawm Tank-Automotive thiab Armaments Command (TACOM) thiab ARL Cov Tub Rog Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb txhawm rau ua txoj haujlwm los txhim kho cov hlau cam hlau phom rau Asmeskas cov tsheb tub rog, suav nrog BRADLEY BMP. Ntawm nws, NETL-TACOM-Lanoxide Corp thiab DARPA koom ua ke tsim cov cam khwb cia, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev zov me nyuam yog tau txais daim npog ntsej muag. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm, daim hlau titanium phaj (siv Ti-6Al-4V kev sib tsoo aviation) tau tsim los rau M-1A1 ABRAMS MBT daug hauv kev koom tes nrog TACOM thiab tus kws cog lus tseem ceeb General Dynamics. Tsis ntev los no, NETL tau tsim kho lub zog AFV cov cuab yeej siv sintered titanium hmoov sib xyaw kom ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom kawg. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ua los ntawm silicon infiltration (SiSiC) thiab sintered silicon carbide (SSiC) yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm CeramTec ntawm North America los ntawm New Jersey, Asmeskas faib ntawm German tuam txhab CeramTec AG. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia tau zoo tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab tiv taus siab rau kev nyuaj siab (tribology yog kev qhuab qhia tshawb fawb uas tshawb fawb txog kev sib txhuam thiab hnav ntawm lub tshuab cov khoom thiab cov txheej txheem thaum muaj cov roj nplua nyeem).
Ohio-based AT&F Advanced Metals of Orville yog lub tuam txhab ntiag tug tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim thiab ua cov hlau ruaj khov thiab cov hlau, suav nrog titanium, zirconium, niobium, npib tsib xee hlau thiab duplex stainless hlau, muab cov pej xeem thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg siv khoom. Txawm tias tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Steel Solutions thiab Nuclear faib ntawm lub tuam txhab no. Nws kuj tsim cov khoom siv rau SZB raws li lub zog muaj zog qis hlau, carbon hlau, hlau raws cov hlau phom. Lub tuam txhab tseem cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej nuclear, suav nrog sab hauv reactor thiab ntim rau nuclear pov tseg.
Lwm cov kev pabcuam
Lwm qhov kev pabcuam SZB tab tom ua thoob plaws thoob plaws lub zog ntawm kev siv tub rog thiab ntau yam kev ua tub rog thoob ntiaj teb. Lawv qhov kev xav tau tam sim no thiab cov teeb meem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tiv thaiv tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm lawv cov tub rog kev sib txuas lus, vim tias cov haujlwm no suav nrog kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau ntawm cov tsheb, tub rog raws li kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub, thiab pab txhawb kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov tub rog kev tsim tawm tsam ntau yam kev phom sij asymmetric feem ntau ntsib hauv kev ua haujlwm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv cheeb tsam.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsheb, tub rog thiab tsoomfwv kev teeb tsa thiab chaw ua tub rog nyob rau ntawm kab hauv ntej thiab tom qab tsuas yog tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm siv tau. Thaum ntau daim ntawv thov txhim kho thiab hloov kho rau lub peev xwm thiab cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm, xws li hom tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntxiv rau cov tsheb sib ntaus los tiv thaiv IEDs, lwm tus yog cov tshiab thiab tsim yav tom ntej.
Lub tuam txhab German IBD Deisenroth Engineering AG tsim AMAP High-tech Survivability Enhancement System. Nws yog thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv ntau txoj hauv kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv qib siab, suav nrog cov hlau nplaum siab thiab cov khoom sib xyaw. Ntawm lawv yog AMAP-IED, uas ua ke cov cuab yeej ua kom zoo nkauj thiab tiv thaiv kev sib tawg hauv cov thev naus laus zis thiab uas tuaj yeem muab ua cov khoom hloov pauv thiab uas yog tsim los txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tsheb tub rog. IBD hu rau AMAP-IED ib qho kev tiv thaiv tiam tom ntej thiab cais nws raws li kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tawg tsam ntawm cov phom loj li 155 mm caliber, nrog rau cov tsheb loj thiab cov IEDs. AMAP-T yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv pob tshab ua los ntawm iav iav, uas lub tuam txhab piav qhia tias muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj thiab ua tau ntev heev, ntsib STANAG Qib 1 txog 4.
Kev tiv thaiv lub ru tsev tsheb yog muab los ntawm AMAP-R thiab AMAP-ADS, uas yog cov khoom siv riam phom zoo tshaj plaws, yav dhau los ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua kom haum haum rau lub tsho tiv thaiv lub tsheb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog AMAP-S. Ua kom zoo dua rau kev tiv thaiv ballistic thiab kev tswj hwm kev kos npe, nws txo qis kev kos npe ntawm cov tsheb tub rog thaum luam theej duab los ntawm kev saib xyuas lub ntsej muag hauv qhov pom, infrared, radar thiab acoustic spectra. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem siv ua ntxiv rau lub cev tshuab uas twb muaj lawm, uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm cov qauv tshiab lossis cov tshuab uas twb tau ua haujlwm lawm.
Accellent SMART Layer Sensor Tapes Samples
Kev faib BAE ntawm Asmeskas kev koom tes ProTech muaj ntau yam kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv uas suav nrog ntau hom laj kab tiv thaiv mos txwv thiab cov tub rog tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm, suav nrog lub rooj tiv thaiv tub rog thiab tus tiv thaiv tus yees, laj kab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub xov tooj thiab cov tsheb tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau ntau hom tub rog. Kev daws teeb meem nyob ruaj ruaj rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txheej txheem ntawm lub tuam txhab no tau sawv cev los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv ua haujlwm npaj ua ntej AFPS (cov tub rog tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm), uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov mos txwv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm 9 hli - 12.7 hli. Lwm qhov kev daws teeb meem AFPS los ntawm ProTech suav nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los tau ua kom zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab chaw tiv thaiv chaw ruaj ntseg, tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb, tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev thiab chaw txheeb xyuas ciam teb.
ProTech tseem tsim cov tshuab ua haujlwm sib txawv uas tuaj yeem tsim raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv kawg. Cov kab ke zoo sib xws, raws li cov thawv ntim khoom thauj tau tsim los ntawm EADS, tau tsim los koom tes nrog KMW raws li kev cog lus nrog Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws German. Ib lub thawv ntim khoom tiv thaiv hu ua TransProtec, uas tuaj yeem haum 18 tus neeg, suav nrog cov cuab yeej siv, tau ua kom zoo los tiv thaiv cov tub rog hauv av los ntawm IED kev tawm tsam, tua hluav taws, foob pob hluav taws, pob zeb me me thiab riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj thiab tam sim no tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Danish thiab German, tom kawg lub kaw lus hu ua MuConPers (lub thoob thoob rau thauj neeg).
Plasan North America, faib ntawm Israel cov neeg Plasan Sasa, tseem tau tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv raws li ntau lab daus las cog lus nrog Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg rau kev tiv thaiv tsheb tshiab MRAP. Raws li daim ntawv cog lus, Plasan yog tus neeg cog lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom sib koom ua ke nrog BAE Systems ua tus neeg cog lus qis rau kev muab cov phiaj xwm tshwj tseg rau Oshkosh M-ATV cov tshuab, feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv Afghanistan raws li kev cog lus nrog TACOM cov lus txib ntawm Asmeskas pab tub rog. Plasan yog tus thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tawg rau kev tiv thaiv cov tsheb zoo hauv cov tub rog thiab cov pej xeem.
Cov tub rog tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv qib siab poob qis hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev thov tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem thiab suav nrog kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm tawm tsam exoskeletons. Lawv cog lus tias yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm hauv av yog tias cov kab ke no mus txog lawv lub peev xwm tag nrho. Ntau qhov tseem ceeb DOD thiab kev tsim kho txuj ci thev naus laus zis kev lag luam pib tam sim no tau qhib hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb Natick Labs rau Kev Txhim Kho Cov Tub Rog raws li Lub Tswv Yim Yav Tom Ntej Cov Tub Rog, uas muab kev sib koom ua ke rau cov tub rog, uas suav nrog rau lub hauv paus tseem ceeb. NSRDEC (MIT's ISN - Soldier Nanotechnologies) thiab Soldier System Integration Lab (SSIL) kuj tseem ua haujlwm rau cov haujlwm no..
Berkeley Robotics thiab Human Engineering Laboratory (BLEEX) tau tsim ib qho qauv ntawm tus kheej-propelled exoskeleton, suav nrog ob txhais ceg uas muaj lub cev muaj zog, lub zog ua haujlwm, thiab lub hnab ntim khoom uas muaj ntau yam khoom thauj. Lub exoskeleton tso cai rau tus neeg siv - lossis "tus tsav" - nqa lub nra hnyav heev thaum ua kom yooj yim taug kev thiab khiav nce thiab nqis inclines thoob plaws qhov kev mus ncig ib txwm tsis siv lub zog quab yuam los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj.
Txoj haujlwm Raytheon Sarcos tab tom ua tiav ntawm Raytheon cog hauv Salt Lake City. Nws sawv cev rau kev ua haujlwm siab dua txhawm rau txhim kho tub rog lub cev exoskeleton, uas Raytheon hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg hlau hnav uas ua rau cov neeg hnav muaj zog, ua siab ntev thiab muaj peev xwm txav tau. XOS exoskeleton, uas yog hnub rov qab mus rau thawj qhov kev sim tsim los ntawm Sarcos, tam sim no tso cai rau tus kws tsav dav hlau nqa nqa ntau txog 200 phaus thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm siab xws li nce ntaiv thiab inclines yam tsis muaj kev qaug zog, tab sis tam sim no yog tsav tsheb hydraulic. ib qho chaw ruaj khov sab nraud ntawm lub zog rau nws tus kheej. Kuj tseem tau tshaj tawm yog Lockheed Martin txoj haujlwm HULC exoskeleton, uas tseem tsim los nqa 200 phaus ntawm txhua lub sijhawm thiab txhua qhov chaw, thiab tau tsim los ua kom muaj zog tag nrho thiab tsis xav tau lub zog sab nraud. HULC system suav nrog onboard microprocessor txuas nrog lub sensor cuam tshuam, uas tso cai rau exoskeleton kom nkag siab txog tus kws tsav dav hlau lub hom phiaj thiab txav mus nrog nws. HULC cov txheej txheem yog qhov hloov pauv tau zoo, tso cai rau hloov chaw sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, thiab muaj lub zog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj roj teeb ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, HULC, zoo li lub cev pob txha los ntawm BLEEX, tau xeeb tub ntau dua li cov txheej txheem rau nqa cov khoom, ntau dua li hloov lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev ntawm ib tus tub rog. Tam sim no tab tom txhim kho HAL (Hybrid Assistive Limb) los ntawm Nyij Pooj lub tuam txhab Cyberdyne ntawm Ibaraki, nws yog lub zog muaj zog tag nrho tsim los kom ua rau tib neeg lub cev muaj zog los ntawm ob txog 10 zaug. Txawm hais tias qhov pom ntawm "Iron Man", nws kev yoog raws rau yav tom ntej kev ua tub rog tseem nyob hauv nqe lus nug.
Kev nqis tes ua ntxiv
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau SZB tuaj yeem piav qhia dav dav txog kev txo qis kev pheej hmoo rau kev ua phem, tshwj xeeb yog kev tawm tsam ballistic, uas ntau, yog tias tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv ib txwm tam sim no tsis muaj qib kev tiv thaiv pab tub rog txaus.
Kev sib ntaus feem ntau qhia cov thawj coj cov lus qhia hnyav uas zoo li pom tseeb yav dhau los. Ib qho ntawm cov kev kawm nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntaus niaj hnub no yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rau kev tsim kev hem, uas suav nrog tua lub tsheb tua tus kheej rau cov tub rog thiab pej xeem lub hom phiaj thiab IED tawm tsam ntawm kev thauj thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam. Cov qub qub, tshwj xeeb yog kev ua tub rog, tuag tshwj xeeb. Tab sis keeb kwm, cov cwj pwm no zoo li ploj mus nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, xws li Fab Kis cov tub rog tiv thaiv lus Askiv hneev thaum Tsov Rog Ntau pua Xyoo, lossis kev ua tsis tau zoo ntawm Soviet-style Iraqi cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsheb mus rau kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshwj xeeb thiab ntau dua MBTs thaum lub Hiav Txwv Tsov rog.
Teb rau cov teeb meem sai thiab nrog kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua tub rog ua tiav thiab kev nyab xeeb ruaj ntseg. Yog li, yog tias lawv tau txiav txim siab hnyav thaum nws los txog rau kev tiv thaiv tub rog thiab yog qhov teeb meem tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov kho lub zog, tom qab ntawd kev tiv thaiv txheej txheem thiab SZB siv cov thev naus laus zis no yuav tsum yog kev tiv thaiv kev yuav khoom thiab R & D qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua tus thawj coj tub rog. Niaj hnub no asymmetric kev hem thawj rau kev ua tub rog thiab pej xeem, nrog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua asymmetric hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam, cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv txoj cai txhim kho thiab tsim qauv thiab kev yuav khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no zoo li nws yuav tsum muaj nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Cov txheej txheem tub rog tiv thaiv feem ntau tau pom tias ua tiav rau lwm qhov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb, thiab tsis yog ib feem ntawm ntau thiab feem ntau cov kev tawm tsam. Tab sis txhua yam hloov pauv. Kev tiv thaiv thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob sawv cev rau lub peev xwm loj thiab txhim kho kev muaj peev xwm hauv kev ua haujlwm xyoo pua 21st. Lawv kev siv yuav nthuav dav thiab dhau los ua tus qauv rau ntau tus, yog tias tsis yog feem ntau, kev tiv thaiv kab ke ntawm txhua qib.
