Raws li Stockholm Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv (SIPRI), Is Nrias teb kev tiv thaiv kev siv nyiaj hauv 2015 muaj txog $ 55.5 nphom. Txawm hais tias qhov peev txheej tub rog ntawm Is Nrias teb tsawg dua $ 15 nphom ntau dua li ntawm Russia, lub tebchaws no tswj hwm nws tus kheej, cov phiaj xwm loj heev rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej thiab riam phom thiab yuav cov riam phom zoo tshaj plaws nyob txawv teb chaws, suav nrog cov dav hlau nqa khoom thiab niaj hnub dav hlau fighters. Is Nrias teb nyob ua ntej hauv ntiaj teb hais txog kev xa khoom siv riam phom. Hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 1 lab 100 txhiab tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv pab tub rog ntawm Is Nrias teb. Cov kev siv nyiaj ntau rau kev tiv thaiv thiab ntau cov tub rog tau piav qhia los ntawm kev daws teeb meem thaj av uas tsis tau daws nrog cov neeg nyob sib ze - Pakistan thiab Tuam Tshoj, nrog rau teeb meem nrog txhua hom kev tawm tsam thiab kev sib cais. Hauv kaum xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov tub rog Indian tau ua kom muaj zog ntau ntxiv. Cov tub rog tau muab nrog hom riam phom tshiab, tshav dav hlau tshiab, thaj chaw kawm thiab chaw sim raug tsim. Txhua yam no tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov duab satellite.
Cov av hauv tebchaws India muaj ntau heev thiab yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov tub rog, lawv ua haujlwm txog 900 txhiab tus neeg. Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam muaj: 5 cheeb tsam tub rog, 4 thaj chaw tub rog, 12 pawg tub rog, 36 kev sib faib (18 tus tub rog, 3 lub tsho tiv thaiv, 4 cov lus teb sai, 10 lub roob tub rog, 1 phom loj), 15 pawg tub rog (5 armored, 7 infantry, 2 roob) tub rog, 1 lub dav hlau), 4 lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab 3 pawg tub rog engineering, cais cov tub rog sib cais. Hauv pab tub rog ya dav hlau muaj 22 pab tub rog, qhov twg muaj 150 HAL Dhruv thauj thiab sib ntaus sib tua, 40 HAL SA315B ntau lub dav hlau dav hlau thiab ntau dua 20 HAL Rudra anti-tank helicopters.
Cov tub rog Indian muaj lub nkoj zoo tiv thaiv. Cov tub rog muaj 124 tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim "Arjun", 1250 niaj hnub Lavxias MBT T-90 thiab ntau dua 2000 Soviet T-72M. Ib qho ntxiv, ntau dua 1,000 T-55 thiab Vijayanta tso tsheb hlau luam tseem tab tom khaws cia. Cov tub rog txav mus los raws li kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm 1800 BMP-2 thiab 300 lub log uas muaj cov neeg nqa khoom. Kwv yees li 900 lub Soviet T-55 tso tsheb hlau luam tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov tub rog hnyav uas muaj cov tub rog nqa khoom.
Lub tiaj ua si ntawm cov tub rog Indian muaj ntau yam sib txawv: 100 rab phom tua tus kheej "Catapult" (130-mm M-46 ntawm lub chassis ntawm lub tank "Vijayanta"), muaj txog 200 Soviet 122-mm rab phom nws tus kheej 2S1 "Carnation" thiab Askiv 105-mm rab phom tua tus kheej "Abbot". Tom qab yeej qhov kev sib tw rau 155-hli rab phom tua tus kheej ntawm Kaus Lim Qab Teb K9 Thunder rab phom nws tus kheej, ntau dua 100 ntawm cov phom tua tus kheej tau xa mus rau cov tub rog. Ntxiv nrog rau rab phom tua tus kheej, cov tub rog thiab hauv chaw khaws khoom muaj txog 7,000 phom rub ntawm ntau yam calibers thiab 7,000 81-120-mm mortars. Txij li xyoo 2010, Is Nrias teb tau sib tham nrog Asmeskas kom yuav 155 mm M-777 howitzers. Nws zoo li tias ob tog tau pom zoo, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav mus rau kev pabcuam nrog cov chav npaj rau kev ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw roob. MLRS yog sawv cev los ntawm Lavxias 300-mm "Smerch" (64 kev teeb tsa), Soviet 122-mm "Grad" thiab Indian 214-mm "Pinaka", feem, 150 thiab 80 lub tshuab. Cov chav tiv thaiv lub tank muaj ntau dua 2,000 ATGMs: Kornet, Konkurs, Milan, thiab kwv yees li 40 tus kheej tua ATGMs Namika (Indian ATGM Nag ntawm BMP-2 chassis) thiab Shturm.
Kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Nroog yog muab los ntawm ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" (70), ZRPK "Tunguska" (180), SAM "Osa-AKM" (80) thiab "Strela-10" (250). Txhua lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua "Kvadrat" (xa tawm ntawm Soviet lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua "Cube") tam sim no raug tso tseg vim yog cov peev txheej tsis txaus. Txhawm rau hloov lawv, "Akash" kev tiv thaiv huab cua yog lub hom phiaj, txoj haujlwm no tau tsim hauv Is Nrias teb los ntawm "Kvadrat" kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tau nyuam qhuav pib nkag mus rau kev pabcuam. Muaj txog 3,000 Igla MANPADS rau cov chav tiv thaiv huab cua me.
Kom deb li deb tau, Cov thawj coj Indian tau sim tsim nws tus kheej kev tsim khoom thiab hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog. Yog li, hauv nroog Avadi, Tamil Nadu ntawm HVF cog, T-90 thiab Arjun tso tsheb hlau luam tau sib sau ua ke.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm HVF cog hauv Avadi
Hauv nruab nrab-90s, kev ua haujlwm-txheej txheem txheej txheem foob pob hluav taws (OTRK) nrog Prithvi-1 kua-propellant foob pob nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 150 km nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Indian cov foob pob. Thaum tsim cov foob pob no, cov neeg tsim qauv Indian tau siv cov kev daws teeb meem siv rau hauv kev tiv thaiv dav hlau foob pob ntawm Soviet tiv thaiv dav hlau S-75. Tom qab 10 xyoo, lub foob pob hluav taws Indian tau ntxiv nrog Prithvi-2 OTRK nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ntau tshaj 250 kilometers. Yog xa mus rau ciam teb Isdias-Pakistani, Prithvi-2 OTRK muaj peev xwm tua tau li ib feem peb ntawm Pakistan thaj chaw, suav nrog Islamabad.
Kev tsim cov khauj khaum khauj khaum Indian nrog lub cav siv roj tau pib thaum ntxov 80s, thawj zaug yog OTR "Agni-1" nrog rau kev tua ntau txog 700 km. Nws tau tsim los txhawm rau txhawm rau sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm Prithvi-2 OTR thiab cov dav hlau loj nruab nrab (MRBMs). Tsis ntev tom qab "Agni-1" tau ua raws ob theem MRBM "Agni-2". Nws siv ib nrab ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws Agni-1. Kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm "Agni-2" ntau dua 2500 km. Lub foob pob hluav taws raug thauj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau lossis txoj kev.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij txawv teb chaws kwv yees, tam sim no Is Nrias teb muaj ntau dua 25 Agni-2 cov foob pob nruab nrab. Cov tom ntej hauv tsev neeg yog Agni-3, lub foob pob uas muaj peev xwm xa lub taub hau mus rau ntau dua 3,500 km. Cov nroog Suav loj xws li Beijing thiab Shanghai nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm nws txoj kev swb.
Hauv xyoo 2015, cov ntaub ntawv tau tshwm sim txog qhov kev sim ua tiav ntawm thawj Indian peb-theem ruaj khov-foob pob hluav taws "Agni-5". Raws li cov neeg sawv cev Khab, nws muaj peev xwm xa lub taub hau hnyav 1100 kg hla ntawm ntau dua 5500 km. Tej zaum, "Agni-5" nrog qhov hnyav ntau dua 50 tons yog npaj rau kev tso rau hauv cov chaw tiv thaiv ntsais ntsais (silos). Nws tau cia siab tias thawj cov cuaj luaj ntawm hom no tuaj yeem ua rau ceeb toom nyob rau 3-4 xyoos tom ntej.
Kev sim tsim kev sim dav hlau ntawm lub foob pob hauv Is Nrias teb tau ua tiav ntawm Thumba, Sriharikota thiab Chandipur qhov kev sim ntsuas. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Sriharikot qhov chaw sim, qhov twg hnyav foob pob tau sim thiab los ntawm qhov chaw uas cov neeg Indian raug tsim.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: chaw sim foob pob ntawm Sriharikota Island
Tam sim no, lub foob pob ntau ntawm cov kob ntawm Sriharikota hauv Bay of Bengal nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Andhra Pradesh muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm cosmodrome. Nws tau txais nws lub npe tshiab niaj hnub no "Satish Dhavan Space Center" hauv xyoo 2002 hauv kev hwm ntawm lub taub hau ntawm Indian Chaw Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum tom qab nws tuag.
Google Earth Snapshot: Tshaj Tawm Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Sriharikota Island
Tam sim no ntawm cov kob ntawm Sriharikota, muaj ob qhov chaw pib ua haujlwm rau nruab nrab thiab lub teeb pib tsim tsheb, tau cog lus rau xyoo 1993 thiab 2005. Kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw pib thib peb tau npaj rau xyoo 2016.
Cov foob pob hluav taws raug saib hauv Is Nrias teb feem ntau yog txoj hauv kev xa cov riam phom nuclear. Cov tswv yim ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim riam phom nuclear hauv Is Nrias teb tau pib nyob rau xyoo 60s. Thawj qhov kev sim nuclear nrog lub cim "Smiling Buddha" tau tshwm sim rau lub Tsib Hlis 18, 1974. Raws li cov neeg sawv cev Khab (raug cai nws yog "kev thaj yeeb" tawg nuclear), lub zog ntawm lub foob pob tawg nuclear yog 12 kt.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: qhov chaw ntawm thawj lub foob pob tawg ntawm Pokaran qhov chaw sim
Tsis zoo li thawj Suav lub foob pob nuclear, Kuaj Indian ntawm Pokaran qhov chaw sim hauv Thar Desert tau nyob hauv av. Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov tawg, lub qhov taub uas muaj qhov ntev txog 90 meters thiab qhov tob ntawm 10 meters tau pib tsim. Pom tau tias, qib ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hauv qhov chaw tam sim no tsis txawv ntau los ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau los. Cov duab satellite qhia pom tias lub qhov taub, tsim los ntawm kev sim nuclear, tau tawg nrog cov hav txwv yeem.
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Indian rau kev ua tiav ntawm phiaj xwm riam phom nuclear yog Trombay Nuclear Center (Homi Baba Nuclear Research Center). Plutonium tau tsim ntawm no, riam phom nuclear tau tsim thiab sib sau ua ke, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb riam phom nuclear tau ua.
Google Earth Snapshot: Trombay Nuclear Center
Thawj qhov piv txwv Khab ntawm riam phom nuclear yog plutonium atomic foob pob nrog rau qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm 12 txog 20 kt. Hauv nruab nrab-90s, xav tau kev txhim kho Is Nrias teb lub peev xwm tshiab. Hauv qhov no, lub teb chaws tus thawj coj tau txiav txim siab tsis kam lees rau Kev Pom Zoo Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, raws li hais txog qhov tsis nyob hauv nws ntawm cov lus hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov riam phom nuclear los ntawm txhua lub zog nuclear hauv lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Kev sim nuclear hauv Is Nrias teb rov pib dua thaum lub Tsib Hlis 11, 1998. Hnub no, peb lub cuab yeej nuclear uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 12-45 kt tau sim ntawm Pokaran qhov chaw sim. Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij, lub zog ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob kawg tau txhob txwm tshaj tawm txo los ntawm tus nqi tsim (100 kt) txhawm rau zam kev tso cov tshuaj muaj kuab paug rau hauv huab cua. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 13, ob qhov tsub nqi uas muaj peev xwm 0.3-0.5 kt tau raug foob. Qhov no qhia tias kev ua haujlwm tseem tab tom ua hauv Is Nrias teb los tsim qhov me me "sib ntaus sib tua" nuclear riam phom npaj rau "foob pob hluav taws nuclear" thiab cov cuaj luaj.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: muaj zog tiv thaiv cov mos txwv nyob ze Pune tshav dav hlau
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij txawv teb chaws kwv yees luam tawm hauv Is Nrias teb tam sim no, kwv yees li 1200 kg ntawm riam phom-qib plutonium tau tsim. Txawm hais tias qhov ntim no piv rau tag nrho cov nyiaj plutonium tau txais hauv Suav teb, Is Nrias teb tseem qis dua Tuam Tshoj hauv cov naj npawb ntawm lub taub hau nuclear. Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau pom zoo tias Is Nrias teb muaj 90-110 npaj siv riam phom nuclear. Feem ntau ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws nuclear tau khaws cia cais los ntawm cov nqa khoom hauv cov cellars muaj zog nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Jodhpur (xeev Rajasthan) thiab Pune (xeev Maharashtra).
Kev tsim thiab txais yuav riam phom nuclear hauv Is Nrias teb tau piav qhia los ntawm kev tsis sib haum nrog Pakistan thiab Suav nyob sib ze. Nrog rau cov tebchaws no yav dhau los, tau muaj ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab Is Nrias teb xav tau daim npav rho nyiaj los tiv thaiv nws txoj kev txaus siab hauv tebchaws thiab thaj av ib puag ncig. Ib qho ntxiv, thawj qhov kev sim nuclear hauv PRC tau ua tiav 10 xyoo ua ntej tshaj hauv Is Nrias teb.
Thawj lub tsheb xa mus rau Indian foob pob nuclear yog British ua lub foob pob tawg hauv Canberra. Vim yog lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb no, txoj kev cia siab tsis muaj hnub nyoog ncaj cov dav hlau foob pob foob pob tseem nyob hauv qhov kev pab cuam mus txog rau thaum ib nrab xyoo 90s. Tam sim no, Indian Air Force (Indian Air Force) muaj kwv yees li 1,500 lub dav hlau, nyoob hoom qav taub thiab UAVs, uas ntau dua 700 tus neeg tua rog thiab tua foob pob. Air Force muaj 38 lub hauv paus chaw ntawm tis dav hlau thiab 47 pawg tub rog ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv dav hlau. Qhov no ua rau Is Nrias teb nyob hauv plaub qhov chaw ntawm cov tub rog loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb (tom qab Tebchaws Meskas, Russia thiab Tuam Tshoj). Txawm li cas los xij, Is Nrias teb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj Russia hauv lub network uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov dav hlau nyuaj. Indian Air Force muaj keeb kwm kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo; yav dhau los, dav hlau thiab helicopters ntawm Soviet, Sab Hnub Poob thiab kev tsim khoom hauv tsev tau ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws no.
Indian Air Force yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm kev sib ntaus hauv cov dav hlau hauv tshav dav hlau nrog ntau lub peev txheej ua vaj tse rau cov khoom siv dav hlau. Farkhor yog tib lub dav hlau Indian sab nraud sab nrauv lub tebchaws, nws nyob hauv Tajikistan, 130 kilometers sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Dushanbe. Farkhor Airbase tau muab cov tub rog Indian nrog lub peev xwm nthuav dav hauv Central Asia, thiab nce Is Nrias teb cov cawv hauv Afghanistan. Thaum muaj lwm qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog Pakistan, lub hauv paus no yuav tso cai rau Indian Air Force kom nyob ib puag ncig cov neeg nyob ze los ntawm huab cua.
Google ntiaj teb snapshot: tsev cia puav pheej dav hlau ze tshav dav hlau Delhi
Su-30MKI cov neeg sib ntaus hnyav yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv IAF. Lub dav hlau no muaj ob lub rooj sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau pem hauv ntej kab rov tav thiab lub cav nrog lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau tsim hauv Is Nrias teb los ntawm cov khoom siv sib dhos muab los ntawm Russia, nws siv Israeli thiab Fabkis avionics.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: C-30MKI ntawm Pune tshav dav hlau
Tam sim no, Indian Air Force muaj 240 Su-30MKIs. Ntxiv nrog rau cov neeg ua rog hnyav hauv Lavxias, Indian Air Force muaj kwv yees li 60 MiG-29s ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho, suav nrog MiG-29UPG thiab MiG-29UB.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: MiG-29 ntawm tshav dav hlau Govandhapur
Los ntawm 1985 txog 1996, MiG-27M cov foob pob-foob pob tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai hauv Is Nrias teb ntawm lub dav hlau cog hauv nroog Nasik. Hauv Is Nrias teb, cov tshuab no tau hloov pauv "Bahadur" (Ind. "Siab tawv").
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: MiG-27M fighter-bombers at Jodhpur airfield
Hauv tag nrho, suav nrog cov khoom siv hauv Soviet, Indian Air Force tau txais 210 MiG-27M. Bahadurs tau qhia txog kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ciam teb nrog Pakistan, tab sis ntau dua ob lub dav hlau tau ploj hauv kev sib tsoo thiab kev puas tsuaj. Feem ntau ntawm kev sib tsoo hauv lub dav hlau tau cuam tshuam nrog lub cav tsis xws luag, ntxiv rau, cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias tau rov hais qhia txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib dhos dav hlau thiab kev saib xyuas tsis txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog rau MiG-27M nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog rau tag nrho Indian Air Force fleet. Raws li Lub Ib Hlis 2016, muaj 94 MiG-27Ms hauv kev pabcuam, tab sis lub neej kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab no xaus, thiab lawv txhua tus tau npaj yuav sau tawm xyoo 2020.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: decommissioned MiG-21 thiab MiG-27M fighters ntawm Kalaikunda airfield
IAF tseem muaj txog 200 qhov hloov kho MiG-21bis (MiG-21 Bison) cov neeg tua rog. Nws tau kwv yees tias lub dav hlau ntawm hom no yuav nyob hauv kev ua haujlwm kom txog thaum 2020. Xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov xwm txheej loj tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim nrog Indian ua MiG-21 cov neeg tua rog. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov dav hlau no tau mus txog qhov kawg ntawm lawv lub neej thiab yuav tsum tau tso tseg. Cov duab satellite qhia pom tias lub teeb MiG-21 thiab qhov hnyav Su-30 MKI txawv li cas.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: MiG-21 thiab Su-30 MKI cov neeg tua rog ntawm Jodhpur tshav dav hlau
Yav tom ntej, MiG-21 thiab MiG-27 tau npaj yuav hloov los ntawm lub teeb Indian tua HAL Tejas. Lub dav hlau cav no ib leeg tsis muaj qhov muag thiab muaj tis ya dav hlau.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: Tejas sib ntaus ntawm Kolkata tshav dav hlau
Nws tau npaj los tsim ntau dua 200 tus neeg tua rog rau Indian Air Force; tam sim no, Tejas tab tom tsim ua ntu me me ntawm HAL lub dav hlau cog hauv Bangalore, thiab tab tom raug sim. Kev xa cov teeb Tejas cov tub rog rau kev sim ua tub rog rau cov tub rog sib ntaus pib xyoo 2015.
Ntxiv rau MiGs thiab Sus, Indian Air Force ua haujlwm sab hnub poob ua lub dav hlau. Los ntawm 1981 txog 1987, Sepecat Jaguar S cov foob pob foob pob tau sib sau ua ke hauv Bangalore los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm UK. Tam sim no, txog 140 Jaguars tseem nyob hauv davhlau (suav nrog cov nyob hauv kev qhia thiab chaw sim).
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: Indian Jaguar fighter-bombers ntawm Govandhapur tshav dav hlau
Ntxiv rau Jaguars, Is Nrias teb tsuas muaj ntau dua 50 Fab Kis Mirage 2000TH thiab Mirage 2000TS sib ntaus. Qhov tsawg ntawm Mirages hauv Indian Air Force yog vim lawv lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv xau rau hauv xov xwm, cov tsheb no tau suav hais tias yog kev xa riam phom nuclear, thiab tau yuav los ntawm Fab Kis los hloov lub foob pob tawg hauv Canberra.
Google lub ntiaj teb snapshot: Mirage-2000 sib ntaus ntawm Gwalior airfield
Indian Air Force tau txais 42 ib leeg thiab 8 ob lub rooj Mirage-2000H cov neeg tua rog nyob nruab nrab xyoo 1980s. Lwm 10 lub tsheb tau yuav hauv xyoo 2005. Hauv kev sib tsoo thiab dav hlau poob, tsawg kawg xya lub tsheb tau ploj lawm. Ib feem ntawm Khab "Mirages" txhawm rau txhawm rau nce lawv cov peev xwm tawm tsam thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho tshiab tau coj mus rau qib Mirage 2000-5 Mk2. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus xaiv hais txog kev nruab lub dav hlau tua nrog Lavxias R-27 cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua hauv av yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb.
