Xyoo 1960, Asmeskas Eugene Stoner tau qhia txog kev tawm tsam riam phom nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd - ib qho kev tua phom sib tua hu ua Stoner 63. Cov riam phom uas nthuav tawm nrog cov khoom sib pauv tau hloov pauv sib xyaw ua ke lub zog ntawm rab phom loj thiab rab phom tshuab. Cov khoom tshiab tsis tau saws rau kev pabcuam, tabsis nws tau siv tsawg los ntawm cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm US Navy hauv cov tshuab rab phom. Cov riam phom tau siv thaum Tsov Rog Nyab Laj. Twb tau ncaj qha hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tus lej ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau raug txheeb xyuas, ntawm cov uas tau hais qhia tsis raug ntau zaus, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem pub mis, feem ntau "capriciousness" thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, riam phom tau hnov qab zoo. Kaum xyoo tom qab, kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov nthuav tawm nws cov qauv ntawm cov riam phom no rau cov pej xeem.
Peb tab tom tham txog RPK-16 (sawv cev rau "Kalashnikov lub teeb tshuab rab phom ntawm tus qauv 2016"). Qhov riam phom tau nthuav tawm thawj zaug rau pej xeem suav nrog ua ib feem ntawm Army-2016 thoob ntiaj teb kev ua tub rog-kev sib tham. Tus tshiab Kalashnikov 5, 45 mm lub tshuab rab phom loj tau tsim los ntawm kev paub txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb niaj hnub no. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov riam phom yog muaj cov phom sib pauv thiab muaj peev xwm siv ob qho tib si ua lub tshuab rab phom thiab ua phom hnyav.
Nyob rau ib lub sijhawm, tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tau siv hauv Stoner 63 qhov chaw tua phom, cov phiaj xwm hloov pauv tau tso cai rau cov tub rog kho lawv cov riam phom los daws qee yam teeb meem hauv tshav rog. Lub Stoner 63 tuaj yeem siv tau ntau yam hloov pauv - los ntawm carbine mus rau lub tshuab siv lub tshuab tsis siv neeg lub teeb thiab txawm tias yog rab phom tshuab hnyav ntawm lub tshuab raj thiab hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tank / dav hlau tshuab rab phom nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob. RPK-16 rab phom tshuab rab phom sib haum rau lub tswv yim no, tso cai rau cov tub ceev xwm hloov pauv riam phom sai sai nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tsov rog yav tom ntej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, chav nyob ntawm pab pawg-pawg tub rog muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntau dua thiab kev xaiv rau kev nqis tes ua hauv tshav rog. Qhia txog qhov tshiab, Alexey Krivoruchko, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau tuav txoj haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb, tau sau tseg tias rab phom tshuab tshiab tsis muaj qhov sib thooj ntawm qhov loj me, qhov hnyav, qhov tseeb thiab ntau yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Asmeskas tsab Ntawv Teev Sijhawm Ua Tub Rog, uas tau kos duab sib xws nrog Stoner 63 modular rifle complex, hu ua RPK-16 riam phom ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI.
Lub tshuab rab phom no yog dab tsi. RPK-16 yog lub tshuab rab phom tsim los rau daim cartridge 5, 45x39 mm. Cov riam phom tau tsim los ua kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm rab phom AK-12 Kalashnikov. Tsis zoo li rab phom tua phom, lub tshuab siv rab phom muab cov neeg tua hluav taws nrog qhov nrawm dua ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tsis siv neeg thiab muaj qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev tua ntau yam zoo dua, Kalashnikov. Media ntawv xov xwm sau tseg. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv RPK-16 yog txhawm rau tua hluav taws los ntawm kev tsom (los ntawm bipod), thaum tswj kom muaj peev xwm tua los ntawm txhais tes, suav nrog thaum lub zog. Los ntawm nws cov qauv, rab phom tshuab tau koom ua ke ntau heev nrog rab phom tshuab, yog li txhua tus tub rog uas paub txog AK lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau Izhevsk qhov tshiab. Hauv cov tub rog, rab phom tshuab tshiab yog los hloov, ua ntej tshaj plaws, RPK-74 chambered rau 5, 45x39 mm, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 1974.
RPK-16 rab phom tshuab, hauv kev sib piv nrog cov phom ntev, tau ua kom zoo dua los muab cov nqi hluav taws ntau dua, cov riam phom muaj lub zog loj dua thiab hnyav dua thiab muaj ntau lub thoob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm RPK-16 ob qho los ntawm Kalashnikov phom ntev thiab los ntawm Kalashnikov lub teeb tshuab rab phom yav dhau los (RPK thiab RPK-74) yog lub peev xwm hloov pauv cov phom. Feem ntau, hauv rab phom tshuab ib leeg thiab hnyav, lub hauv paus tau hloov pauv sai, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj peev xwm ua kom txias lub thoob thaum lwm tus siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis hauv kev xyaum rau lub tshuab rab phom lub peev xwm no muaj tsawg heev. Muaj qhov kev piav qhia rau qhov no, txhawm rau ua kom lub thoob ntau dhau los ntawm nws, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tso 200-300 qhov kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig nrog hluav taws txuas ntxiv, uas yog, siv feem ntau ntawm cov mos txwv nqa los ntawm ib tus neeg tua rog.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov thom khwm hloov pauv tau ua rau nws yooj yim dua txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev ntawm riam phom, vim feem ntau cov peev txheej ntawm cov phom yog qhov tsawg dua li cov peev txheej ntawm lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov caj npab me me, thaum hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom puas lossis hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau hauv chav ua tub rog, tsis tas yuav xa rab phom tshuab mus rau kev cob qhia tub rog lossis rau chaw tsim khoom. Ntxiv mus, ua tsaug rau qhov muaj cov khoom sib pauv sib pauv tau, riam phom tuaj yeem hloov kho tau yooj yim los daws cov haujlwm ntau yam. Piv txwv li, lub thawv hnyav hnyav yog tsim rau cov tub rog tshwj xeeb lossis Rosguard cov tub rog thaum ua haujlwm hauv kev txhim kho hauv nroog, thiab rau kev sib ntaus sib tua lossis kev ua haujlwm uas tsis tau ua nyob hauv nroog loj, lub thoob ntev zoo dua, uas, ntawm lwm yam, tso cai rau koj nce qhov pib ceev ntawm cov mos txwv ntawm 50-60 m / s. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws pom tseeb tias tsis muaj leej twg yuav hloov lub thoob "ntawm kev mus", txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj peev xwm hloov pauv tau yooj yim ntawm RPK-16 rau qee yam kev sib ntaus sib tua tau nyiam tshwj xeeb rau tub rog Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws.
RPK-16 rab phom tshuab rab phom siv cov khoom siv roj qub uas tsis siv hauv lub AK thiab ua kom ntseeg tau siab. Kev teeb tsa ntawm riam phom zoo ib yam li kev teeb tsa ntawm rab phom tshiab AK-12, suav nrog qhov hloov tshiab tshem tawm tau txais npog. Kev tua hluav taws los ntawm RPK-16 yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj kaw, nws tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ob qho tib si thiab txhaj ib zaug. Kev teeb tsa nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj pom zoo los ntawm qhov muaj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Picatinny. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Picatinny, nyob ntawm tus neeg txais lub hau, tau kaw nruj hauv ob qhov chaw, uas muab qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm kev cuam tshuam thaum tshem tawm thiab teeb tsa. Tsis tas li, cov hlua tuaj yeem teeb tsa ua ntej.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm RPK-16 kuj suav nrog lub khawm tsom iav plaub-txoj haujlwm yooj yim, uas quav mus rau sab laug ntawm riam phom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lub tshuab rab phom, ob hom phom tau tsim - luv (hu ua "kev ua phem") nrog qhov ntev ntawm 415 mm thiab ntev - 580 mm. Cov thom khwm tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog kev tshem tawm tsis tiav ntawm rab phom tshuab thiab siv sijhawm ua tub rog dhau los tsuas yog ob peb feeb. Lub thoob tshiab tau tsau rau hauv tus txais nrog lub ntsej muag hla. Lub tshuab rab phom tuaj yeem nqa nrog cov cartridges los ntawm lub thawv ntawv xov xwm sib xws nrog AK caliber 5, 45 mm, suav nrog cov ntawv xov xwm rau 30 thiab 45 puag ncig, suav nrog ob kab ntawv xov xwm uas muaj lub qhov rai cim, nrog rau lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm nruas magazine rau 95 puag ncig tshwj xeeb tsim rau RPK-16 … Lub tshuab rab phom tshiab tuaj yeem nruab nrog ob-legged folding bipod, nrog rau lub tshuab tso suab nrov qis (ntsiag to), cov sijhawm zoo li no yog qhov txaus nyiam rau cov tub rog ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv qhov tshiab ntawm tus txheej txheem 1P86-1 kho qhov muag pom, uas muaj qhov hloov pauv tau (1X lossis 4X), nrog lub thoob hnyav thiab tua los ntawm lub qhov rooj kaw, tso cai siv rab phom tshuab thaum tua ib zaug los ntawm RPK-16 raws li kev sib piv ntawm rab phom "Marksman" (phom ntev), tso cai rau koj kom ua tau zoo ntaus ib lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb ntawm 600 meters.
Kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov tseem piav qhia qhov tsis kam lees los ntawm daim kab xev pub rau hauv lub khw muag khoom noj. Yog li, rov qab rau xyoo 1950s, Soviet Union tau txiav txim siab rov qab los khaws zaub mov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txij li xyoo 1980, ua tsaug rau kev siv rab phom los ntawm Belgium thiab cov neeg yuav lawv cov phom phom tshuab los ntawm NATO pawg, feem ntau yog Tebchaws Meskas, ntau tus pib pom lub tshuab rab phom rab chambered rau nruab nrab daim cartridge raws li txo qis. rab phom tshuab, uas yog, caj npab me me nrog txoj siv pub mis thiab muaj qhov hloov pauv nrawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev paub txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv zos ntawm qib sib txawv ntawm kev siv zog hauv xyoo tas los no tau pom tias cov caj npab me tau nquag siv feem ntau hauv kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tub rog me. Nyob rau hauv xws collisions, ib lub tshuab phom, uas muaj lub theoretical muaj peev xwm muab ib tug kub ceev ntawm hluav taws, tsom ib tug xov tooj ntawm shortcomings. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb tab tom tham txog kev txo qis hauv kev txav mus los ntawm rab phom tshuab, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm nws qhov hnyav hnyav thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov mos txwv hauv cov menyuam siv hauv cov thawv. Qhov thib ob, cov txheej txheem rov ntim cov tshuab phom hauv qab cov yeeb ncuab tua hluav taws lossis txav mus ib leeg tsis yooj yim dua thiab siv sijhawm ntau dua li hloov pauv cov ntawv xov xwm. Qhov thib peb, khaws cov zaub mov muaj kev ntseeg ntau dua hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Ntxiv rau txhua yam, niaj hnub sab hnub poob lub teeb tshuab rab phom chambered rau 5, 56x45 mm hnyav yuav luag ntau npaum li muaj zog dua thiab txhim khu kev qha PKM tshuab rab phom - kwv yees li 7-8 kg yam tsis muaj rab phom. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas Asmeskas Tub Rog Tub Rog, uas nws cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm hnyav thoob ntiaj teb, twb yog xyoo 2009 nyob rau qib ntawm pab tub rog mus hloov 5, 56-mm M249 lub tshuab phom phom nrog txoj siv pub mis nrog ob zaug M27 cov phom tsis siv neeg, uas tau lees paub rau kev pabcuam nrog Asmeskas cov tub rog, rab phom NK416 nrog lub raj ntev 420 mm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav no raws li thoob ntiaj teb, muaj riam phom zoo heev los txhawb pab pawg tub rog uas Lavxias RPK-16 nyob rau theem tam sim no ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom rab phom Lavxias, thaum nruab nrog lub thoob luv, twb tuaj yeem siv ua "lub tshuab ua phem" rau cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, tig los ntawm pab pawg txhawb nqa riam phom mus rau hauv ib qho riam phom. Hauv lub luag haujlwm zoo li no, RPK-16 yuav hnyav txog ib kilogram hnyav dua li niaj zaus AK-12, txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua raug xa ncaj qha mus rau "chaw nyob" ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab rov qab nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm kev siv riam phom muaj cai muaj txoj sia. Qhov no tso cai, yog tias tsim nyog, ib tus tub rog ntawm pab pawg ua phem los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tiv thaiv kev tua hluav taws ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, thaiv nws qhov kev ua tam sim thiab npog qhov txav ntawm nws cov phooj ywg.
Kev sim ntawm RPK-16 lub tshuab rab phom tshiab yuav tsum ua tiav hauv thawj peb lub hlis xyoo 2019. Vladimir Dmitriev, uas yog tus thawj coj ntawm Kalashnikov kev txhawj xeeb, hais rau cov neeg sau xov xwm txog qhov no. Raws li nws, tam sim no, kev sim ua tub rog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Izhevsk tshiab tau los txog qhov kawg, qhov kev txhawj xeeb cia siab tias yuav tau txais qhov kev txiav txim siab raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xeem thaum kawg ntawm thawj peb lub hlis xyoo no. Dmitriev tseem tau sau tseg tias RPK-16 yuav tsum hloov pauv RPK-74, uas tau siv ntau qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas Lavxias, yog li no lub tuam tsev no tau raug xaiv los ua ib tus neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm Izhevsk phom. Nyuam qhuav pib, Lavxias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tau hais tias qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhov tshiab yog raug ua los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab ntawm Cov Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Hauv Nroog Moscow. Cov tub rog yuav tsum ntsuas tus txheej txheem thiab qhov tseeb ntawm RPK-16 thaum ua haujlwm tawm dag zog thiab tua hluav taws, nrog rau kev yooj yim kho thiab ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom tshuab tshiab. Yog tias tsim nyog, thaum ua tiav ntawm kev sim ua haujlwm, cov lus pom zoo yuav muab rau kev kho dua ntawm lub tshuab rab phom lub teeb, uas yuav raug xa mus rau cov kws tsim khoom ntawm kev txhawj xeeb Kalashnikov.
Cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm RPK-16:
Caliber - 5.45 hli.
Cartridge - 5, 45x39 hli.
Nyhav - 4.5 kg (version nrog lub thoob luv tsis muaj ntawv xov xwm, bipod thiab pom qhov muag).
Ntev ntev - 415 lossis 580 hli.
Qhov ntev ntawm riam phom (nrog lub thoob ntawm 415 mm) yog 840-900 mm hauv qhov chaw tua, 650 mm nrog cov khoom ntim.
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm - 30, 45 puag ncig (lub npov) lossis 95 kab (nruas).
Tus nqi hluav taws - txog li 700 rds / min.
Kev tua hluav taws muaj txiaj ntsig - 600 m (nyob rau hauv hom hluav taws kub ib leeg lossis tawg luv).
