Kampfpistole hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm German rab phom rab phom - ua ntu zus ntawm kev txhim kho thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Lawv lub ntsiab lus yog kev tsim cov mos txwv sib ntaus rau cov phom me thiab hloov pauv ntawm rab yaj phom flare mus rau hauv lub foob pob hluav taws nrog lub ntsej muag tshwj xeeb thiab lub taub hau. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog kev tsim cov lej loj thiab muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj cov foob pob hluav taws tsim rau cov riam phom zoo li no, thiab hauv cov qauv feem ntau qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv tus qauv teeb liab lub cim xeeb tau khaws cia. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov teeb meem niaj hnub siv phom ntev dhau los dhau los ua riam phom ntau lub hom phiaj.
Kev sim ua kom lub zog tua hluav taws ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv tshav rog tau ua ntev. Cov riam phom me me tau tsim, ob qho ua tiav thiab tsis zoo heev. Lawv cov kev tsim tau ua tiav tsis yog los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, tab sis kuj yog tus qhia nws tus kheej, uas nws lub voj voog ntawm kev lav phib xaub tsis suav nrog kev tsim riam phom. Xws li kev txhim kho yog KMB - Barinov lub hnab ntim tshuaj khib, tsim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij -tub ceev xwm ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet Air Force GP Barinov xyoo 1943. Tab sis Barinov tau tshaj tawm ib yam uas tsis txawv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, tej zaum nws muaj lub tswv yim thiab tau coj los ntawm cov qauv German, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau siv dav hauv ntej.
Cov neeg German tau pib tsim cov riam phom zoo li no thaum xyoo 1930s. Cov lus txib ntawm Wehrmacht tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau kev siv ntau hom riam phom, yog li ntawd, teeb tsa tus kws tsim qauv German ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kom muaj riam phom sib tua muaj zog. Cov kws siv phom German, paub txog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog, tau tsim ntau qhov qauv zoo thiab muaj kev cia siab, suav nrog "cov mos txwv-riam phom" nyuaj ob qho tib si los ntawm kos thiab nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm thiab siv. Sib cais ntawm cov riam phom German luv luv ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob yog kev tawm tsam thiab rab phom rab phom, uas tau tsim los ntawm kev nthuav dav dav 26-hli teeb liab rab yaj phom.
Cov tub rog nrog Leuchtpistole thiab ntau tshaj qhov tawg tawg tawg, 1944
Ib zaj dab neeg hauv peb qhov kev ua: Leuchtpistole / Kampfpistole / Sturmpistole
Ib ntawm thawj qhov tshwj xeeb rab phom loj yog lub foob pob foob pob, uas suav nrog 26-hli Leuchtpistole teeb liab rab phom tsim los ntawm Walter, tus qauv 1928 lossis tus qauv xyoo 1934, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm grenades: tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm tawg ob qho piv txwv 361 LP, tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm fragmentation 326 LP thiab anti -tank cumulative grenades - 326 HL / LP thiab H 26 LP. Lub foob pob foob pob no tau siv feem ntau nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thaum tua los ntawm lwm hom riam phom tsis yooj yim sua, vim nws tau cuam tshuam nrog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev kov yeej nws cov tub rog, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tseem tsis tau tso cai siv cov phom sij.
Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov xav tau tam sim no txhawm rau txhawm rau tua los ntawm lub foob pob tawg no, txuas lub xub pwg hlau txuas nrog lub pob tw taub hau tau tsim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau Leuchtpistole rab yaj phom, xws li cov cuab yeej siv tau nce qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws los ntawm rab yaj phom. Ntxiv rau qhov nres, uas tau txuas rau lub teeb liab rab yaj phom nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb clamping, lub qhov muag pom tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub thoob, nws tau tsim los rau ob qhov kev sib tua - 100 thiab 200 meters. Cov khoom lag luam xav tau tsis yog txhawm rau txhawm rau kom raug qhov tseeb. Rov qab los ntawm qhov kev txhaj tshuaj no yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem sawv txhais tes, uas ua rau raug mob. Tab sis qhov pom qhov tseeb tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev tua tau zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis muaj nws, los ntawm kev pom, qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tso cai. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm Leuchtpistole rab yaj phom nrog cov khoom lag luam yog 590 mm, qhov hnyav ntawm 1928 tus qauv (nrog lub thoob hlau thiab thav duab) yog 2.5 kg, qhov hnyav ntawm 1934 tus qauv, uas twb tau ua los ntawm txhuas, yog 1.9 kg.
Leuchtpistole ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv cov khoom tawg tawg zoo heev. Tus tua tau siv rab phom zoo li no rau kev tua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 70-80 meters. Cov foob pob tawg tawg tau ua haujlwm zoo rau cov neeg ua haujlwm yeeb ncuab ob qho tib si hauv kev tawm tsam thiab hauv kev tiv thaiv, lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los tua cov ntsiab lus tua thiab teeb tsa cov kab hauv cov teeb meem hlau.
Kev tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm tawg tawg tawg 326 LP
Kev tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm tawg 26-mm grenade 326 LP (Wurfkorper 326 LP) suav nrog kev cuam tshuam fuse thiab ncaj qha los ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws nrog plaub tus neeg ruaj khov, uas tau sau rau hauv ib daim cartridge. Thauj khoom Leuchtpistole teeb liab rab phom nrog 326 LP lub foob pob tsis xav tau ib qho khoom siv ntxiv los ntawm tus tua thiab tau nqa tawm ntawm lub breech, zoo ib yam li txheej txheem thau phom nrog teeb pom kev zoo thiab teeb liab. Lub foob pob tawg 326 LP tau npaj rau kev tua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 150 - 250 meters, txawm li cas los xij, nyob deb deb, vim tias nws tau tawg ntau, kev siv cov mos txwv no ua tsis tau. Nyob deb li ntawm 100 metres, rab yaj phom tau tua nrog hluav taws tiaj tus, thiab pib los ntawm 150 metres, rab phom loj 326 LP tuaj yeem npog lub hom phiaj uas nyob tom qab lub chaw nkaum lossis quav av. Kev tua ntawm qhov deb tsawg dua 50 metres raug txwv tsis pub nruj, vim tias qhov tawg tawg loj ntawm cov riam phom tau ua rau txaus ntshai rau tus tua nws tus kheej (qhov kev tawg ntawm qhov tawg tau kwv yees li 30 metres).
Grenade launchers tau qhia kom siv cov foob pob hluav taws no kom tua ntawm qhov khoob thiab qhov rais thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv thaj chaw uas muaj neeg nyob. Los ntawm cov mos txwv no, 326 H / LP tiv thaiv lub tank sib tsoo nrog plaub lub taub hau thiab H 26 LP lub foob pob kuj tseem tau tsim, uas yog lub xyoo ruaj khov ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ruaj ntseg dav hlau. Cov phom loj uas muaj peev xwm no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv txog li 50 hli tuab.
Tsis tas li, ua ke nrog rab yaj phom, 60-mm dhau-rab phom loj nrog rab me me 361 LP (Wurfkorper 361 LP) tuaj yeem siv tau, uas suav nrog lub fuse thiab cov chaw taws teeb-ua tawg tawg ntawm cov qauv xyoo 1939. Hauv cov tub rog, lub foob pob no tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus tsis raug cai "qe", uas tau piav qhia los ntawm nws cov duab. Hloov chaw ntawm tus qauv fuse, tus pas yas qhia tshwj xeeb tau muab ntsia rau hauv lub foob pob hluav taws no, nruab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws kub nrog lub sijhawm kub ntawm 4.5 vib nas this. Lub taub ntim lub foob pob hluav taws tau txuas rau qhov kawg ntawm lub raj, thiab tus nqi tshem tawm ua los ntawm cov hmoov dub tau nyob hauv qis dua. Lub foob pob hluav taws zoo li no tau npaj rau kev tua ntawm thaj tsam li ntawm 70-80 meters. Lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm shrapnel yog sib npaug 20 meters.
Pistol tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm tawg ua huaj tawg 361 LP
Ua ntej siv lub foob pob hluav taws no, tus tua yuav tsum ua ntau qhov kev coj los coj nws mus rau kev npaj npaj. Qhov ntawd yog qhov nce nqi ntawm 60 mm 361 LP rab yaj phom xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov phom txhuas ntawm 1934 rab phom. Ua ntej thauj khoom, lub tes tsho tooj dag tshwj xeeb nrog lub qhov loj nyob hauv qab tau ntxig rau hauv rab phom rab phom. Tom qab ntawd, cov phom sib dhos tau muab tso rau hauv Leuchtpistole teeb liab rab yaj phom los ntawm lub qhov ncauj, thaum tus pin nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm tus pas nrig. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd yog qhov ua rau lub teeb liab rab phom nrov.
Cov kev tswj hwm zoo li no nrog kev nqa rab phom nrog 361 LP lub foob pob yog, piv rau 326 LP cov mos txwv tsis sib xws, ua haujlwm hnyav thiab txaus ntshai rau lub foob pob tawg, txij li lub sijhawm coj rab phom mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau nce ntau, thiab lub sijhawm rau kev sib ntaus sib tua yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ntawm lwm yam, txhua 100 qhov kev txhaj tshuaj nws tau pom zoo kom ntxuav cov ntaub ntawv tooj dag, uas tau ua paug nrog cov hmoov carbon. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov 60 mm 361 LP grenade tau pom meej hauv davhlau, sib piv rau 326 LP cov khoom tawg tawg.
Xyoo 1942, Cov kws siv phom German, raws li rab phom rab phom tsim los ntawm Walter, txiav txim siab los tsim rab phom tshwj xeeb ntaus Kampfpistole. Tsis zoo li nws qhov ua tau zoo dua qub, tus qauv no muaj tsib qhov nqaj hauv qhov nqaj, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom pom qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua - qhov raug, ntau yam thiab tua hluav taws. Ntawm sab laug ntawm lub cev ntawm rab phom sib ntaus rau kev tua, qib siab thiab pom kev kawm tiav tshiab tau txuas nrog. Ib qho ntxiv, lub teeb hlau tau pib siv dav hauv kev tsim ntawm rab phom no, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom los ntawm 780 grams. Ib lub qhov muag tau kawm tau yooj yim txaus siab rau rab yaj phom tshiab los ntawm tus txheej txheem teeb meem riam phom: nyob rau sab laug ntawm Kampfpistole breech, tsab ntawv Z (Zug, German - phom ntev) tau sau rau hauv cov xim zoo nkauj.
Sib ntaus rab yaj phom Kampfpistole nrog rab phom phom, foob pob rau nws. Ntawm qhov outrigger goniometer rau lub hom phiaj
Txhawm rau tua los ntawm riam phom tshiab, tau siv rab phom loj Sprenggranatpatrone-Z nrog rab phom npaj txhij. Lub foob pob no tau npaj los tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab lub zog ntawm qhov deb txog 200 meters. Nws tsoo lub hom phiaj tsis pub dhau ib puag ncig 20 meters. Lub foob pob tawg, uas tau sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib thooj nrog lub tes tsho aluminium luv (ntev 27 hli), yog qhov kev txhaj tshuaj uas tsis xav tau cov txheej txheem los ntawm tus tua kom nqa riam phom mus rau kev npaj sib ntaus. Ua tsaug rau cov ntsia hlau zoo li tus protrusions nyob ntawm lub cev ntawm lub foob pob, nws tau txais kev txav mus los thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj, qhov no tau pab txhawb kev nce ntxiv ntawm qhov raug tua los ntawm Kampfpistole. Tus tiv thaiv tus nqi tau muab tso rau hauv lub tes tsho txhuas ntawm qhov tawg tawg no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov phom ntev hauv lub thoob tsis tau tso cai siv yav tas los tsim 326 LP thiab 361 LP qhov tawg tawg ntawm rab yaj phom, nrog rau teeb pom kev zoo thiab teeb liab kab ntsab.
Tias yog vim li cas teeb tsa cov mos txwv siv hauv Kampfpistole kev sib ntaus rab yaj phom tau nthuav dav los ntawm kev txhim kho thiab saws tus tshiab 61-mm tiv thaiv lub tank dhau-caliber sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 1942 tus qauv, uas tau txais lub npe Panzer-Wurfkorper 42 LP. Raws li Soviet cov ntaub ntawv, lub foob pob no tau nkag mus rau 50-mm armor, raws li German cov ntaub ntawv, ntau dua-80-mm armor ntawm qhov deb ntawm 75 meters. Nrog rau kev siv txuj ci thiab kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev muaj hmoo, nws tuaj yeem siv los tua txawm tias Soviet T-34 nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. 42 LP cov phom loj suav nrog tus pas nrig thiab lub cev, uas txuas nrog ib tus pin. Tus pas nrig muaj qhov zawj, uas ua rau nws siv tau cov mos txwv no tsis yog rau tua los ntawm Leuchtpistole teeb liab rab phom, tab sis kuj tshwj xeeb Kampfpistole rab phom sib ntaus. Kev thauj khoom 26-hli Walther flare rab yaj phom nrog 42 LP cov phom loj tsis xav tau ib qho khoom siv ntxiv los ntawm tus tua. Zoo li lub foob pob 361 LP, cov mos txwv no kuj tau tso los ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub thoob. Thiab ib yam li nrog 361 LP cov foob pob tawg, raws li German cov lus qhia, vim yog lub zog loj ntawm cov foob pob tawg, kev tua tsuas yog tuaj yeem rub nrog lub xub pwg nyom txuas nrog rab yaj phom.
Cov phom loj 42 LP
Tus nqi siab dua ntawm Kampfpistole phom rab phom, hauv kev tsim qauv uas nws yuav tsum tau siv cov hlau hnyav, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws los ntawm nws nrog lwm cov pyrotechnic thiab cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb, dhau los ua vim li cas ERMA thiab Carl Walther, muaj tso tawm txog 25 txhiab yam phom ntev, nres lawv cov khoom lag luam.
Tib lub sijhawm, lub tswv yim nws tus kheej tsis hnov qab kiag li. Cov kws siv phom tau tswj kom nrhiav txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej no, tig mus, xub xub pom, mus rau qib pib, tab sis yog qhov kev tsim qauv qub - tib yam Leuchtpistole flare rab yaj phom tau nruab nrog Einstecklauf ntxig phom phom -liner. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua tau los ntawm rab yaj phom ob qho tib si 326 LP cov tawg tawg thiab cov phom Sprenggranatpatrone-Z thiab 42 LP, nrog rau teeb pom kev zoo thiab teeb liab ntsaws. Tus qauv tshiab tau txais lub npe Sturmpistole - rab phom phem.
Txhawm rau nce qhov raug ntawm kev tua thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua thaum tua, tshwj xeeb lub xub pwg nyom so tau txuas nrog rab yaj phom tuav ntawm tus qauv no, ntxiv rau hauv teeb liab Leuchtpistole thiab sib ntaus Kampfpistole rab yaj phom, thiab lub taub hau nrog lub qhov muag pom txog 200 meters tau txuas rau lub thoob. Lub Sturmpistole tau hloov kho tom qab nrog 180 mm chim. Nrog rau cov khoom lag luam thiab lub thoob tshiab, tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm riam phom mus txog 585 hli, thiab qhov hnyav yog 2.45 kg. Los ntawm xyoo 1943 txog rau thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Kawg, Kev lag luam caj npab German tswj hwm los tsim ntau dua 400 txhiab lub hnab ntim khoom npaj rau kev hloov pauv yooj yim ntawm 26-hli teeb liab rab yaj phom mus rau hauv riam phom.
Sturmpistole phom ntev nrog rab phom phom
Cov neeg German lawv tus kheej tau ntsuas cov phom zoo li ntau yam, muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, yog riam phom yooj yim. Lawv tau siv dav tsis yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Soviet-German, tab sis tseem nyob hauv Africa, nrog rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
