Fabkis qauv
Hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm kev ua tsov rog nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv Soviet tau ntes tus qauv ntawm 47-mm sub-caliber projectile ntawm lub sijhawm uas tsis muaj nyob hauv pab tub rog Polish thiab cov ntawv German hais txog kev siv cov mos txwv nrog 37-hli tshwj xeeb cov cuab yeej ua rog. -piercing projectile ntawm tus qauv "40". Nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais qhov piv txwv tiag ntawm German sub-caliber projectile, yog li cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum siv phau ntawv txhais lus. Hauv nws, tshwj xeeb, tus kws tshaj lij German tau sau:
Cov mos txwv no yog siv los tawm tsam tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv tawv tawv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 0 txog 300 meters. Ntawm qhov deb tshaj 300 metres, kev siv cov mos txwv no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig; yog li ntawd, thaum tua ntawm qhov deb tshaj 300 metres, yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo li qub.
Cov ntawv thesis no tau qhia meej txog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm sub-caliber projectiles, uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qee tus kws tshaj lij yuav luag tsis muaj riam phom tiv thaiv Soviet cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm phau ntawv qhia German thiab tsuas yog ntes 37-hli Polish lub plhaub, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Loj ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tau npaj siab los tsim nws tus kheej analogues. Qhov kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli 1941, nrog rau txoj haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb no, lawv tau tig mus rau NII-24 lossis, raws li nws paub zoo dua, Armored Institute.
Rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb, cov kws tsim txuj ci tsis tuaj yeem rov tsim cov duab ntawm 37-mm German sub-caliber projectile, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tiv nrog 47-hli Polish ib. Nws tau muab tawm tias qhov piv txwv ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws me me yog daim ntawv theej ntawm 47-hli zoo ib yam ntawm lub tuam txhab Fabkis "Komissan". Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rau phom loj rau 45-mm thiab 76-mm raws li cov qauv Fabkis.
Sab saum toj zais cia
Ntawm NII-24, lub ncauj lus ntawm kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm hauv tsev muaj peev xwm tau txais tus lej 5044 thiab lub npe "45-mm thiab 76-mm armor-piercing sub-caliber projectiles zoo ib yam li lub plhaub ntawm Fabkis lub tuam txhab" Komissan ". Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov kws tsim txuj ci tau tsim los tsim thiab sim cov qauv ua ntej lub Cuaj Hlis 1941. Kuv xav hais qhia tias cov mos txwv tau tsim thiab tsim tawm hauv cov khoom sim hauv ob peb lub lis piam xwb!
45 mm projectile tau txais tus lej sab hauv 2-1742. Cov mos txwv hnyav 850 grams, ntawm uas 270 grams poob rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais carbide. Rau qhov 76-mm sub-caliber projectile, qhov ntsuas 2-1741 tau xa mus, thiab nws, ntawm chav kawm, sib txawv hauv qhov hnyav ntau dua ntawm 3, 65 kg, ntawm qhov uas me ntsis ntau dua ib thiab ib nrab kilograms poob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais..
Cov ntawv pov thawj tau ua raws li cov duab kos ntawm NII-24 hauv cov chaw sim cog nrog rau lub koom haum. Tag nrho 40 subcaliber puag ncig, 20 ntawm txhua qhov muaj peev xwm, tau tsim tawm. Raws li cov tub ntxhais rau 45-mm thiab 76-mm projectiles, tau siv ib lub cuab tam hlau hlau KHVG, uas yog cov hlau alloy ntawm tungsten (1.49%), chromium (1%), sulfur (0.023%), phosphorus (0.011%), silicon (0, 24%), manganese (0, 24%) thiab carbon (0, 97%). Txhua yam ntxiv, ib txwm, nyob nrog hlau. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau yog chromium thiab tungsten. Sabot lauj kaub tau ua los ntawm cov hlau st35, thiab nws zoo ib yam rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, tshwj tsis yog chrome kim thiab tungsten.
Luv luv hais txog kev kho cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phom. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, nws yog txheej txheem no uas txiav txim siab cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm cov hlau. Raws li cov thev naus laus zis, cov tub ntxhais dawb paug tau ua ntej tawv. Kev kho cua sov thev naus laus zis rau 45-mm thiab 76-mm txawv me ntsis. Thaum pib, cov khoom lag luam tau sov txog 600 degrees, tom qab ntawd sov mus rau 830 degrees rau 50 feeb (cov tub ntxhais ntawm 76-mm projectile tau rhaub rau 1 teev) thiab, thaum kawg, khaws cia ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj plaws rau 10-15 feeb. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem txias. Cov ntawv me me tau txias hauv kerosene, thiab qhov loj dua hauv dej ntawm qhov kub ntawm 45 degrees.
Tom qab ua kom cov tub ntxhais khov, ua kom sov ua raws. Cov khoom tau rov ua kom sov txog 220-230 degrees, tuav rau ib teev thiab ib nrab, thiab maj mam txias hauv huab cua.
Kev ntsuas 45 mm caliber
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob subcaliber tau coj mus rau lub Cuaj Hlis 6-7, 1941 ntawm Sofrinsky qhov chaw sim thiab ua rau poob siab. Lub luag haujlwm rau cov neeg xeem yog raws li hauv qab no:
Raws li txoj haujlwm ntsuas, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau qhov projectiles mus txog 300 metres thiab tib lub sijhawm xaiv tus nqi ib txwm los ntawm kev ntsuas siab nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov pib nrawm thiab nrawm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 meters.
Raws li lub hom phiaj tau xaiv daim hlau thaiv nrog cov tuab ntawm 50, 60 thiab 70 hli, teeb tsa ntawm kaum ntawm 30 degrees. Lawv ntaus lawv nrog cov phom sim los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100-200 metres los ntawm rab phom 45-mm ntawm xyoo 1932, 76-mm kev tswj hwm rab phom ntawm 1927 tus qauv thiab 76-mm ntu phom ntawm 1902/30 tus qauv. Ob rab phom kawg, qhov tseeb, tsis yog tiv thaiv lub tank tshaj plaws thiab tsis yog qhov tshiab tshaj. Cov kws ntsuas txawm suav tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom uas cov phom tua ua ntej ntsuas cov phom me me: rau rab phom 45-mm-1717 txhaj, rau qhov hnyav tshaj 76-mm qauv ntawm 1927-3632 thiab rau 76-mm qauv 1902/30 - 1531.
Cov lus xaus ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws tau poob siab. 45-mm APCR plhaub los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100-200 meters tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 50-mm cov cuab yeej phom hauv plaub kis ntawm kaum ib. Cov ntsuas ntsuas tsuas yog ib qho kev nkag mus rau yeej thiab ntau li rau rau qhov dig muag. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov pib ceev ntawm cov mos txwv nce mus txog 950 m / s. Cov kws ntsuas tau sau tseg tias kev tua 45-mm projectiles tau nrog los ntawm kev tawg loj, qhov ua rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis ruaj khov vim yog txiav tawm txoj siv lossis tig cov tub ntxhais. Ib qho cuab yeej siv riam phom los yog, raws li nws tau hu, 45-mm projectile ntawm "tus qauv teeb duab" tsis tuaj yeem tsoo cov cuab yeej zoo sib xws.
Kev ua tsis tiav
Subcaliber 76-mm lub plhaub tau siv los tsoo daim hlau daim hlau los ntawm ob rab phom. Cov phom me me uas siv phom ntev, raws li qhov xav tau, tsis tuaj yeem faib cov cuab yeej ua phom sij rau qhov nrawm dua 535 m / s, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, 50-mm cov cuab yeej ua homogeneous tau raug thawb los ntawm qhov kev paub dhau los, hauv qhov sib piv rau tus qauv mos txwv ntawm qhov zoo sib xws. Rau 50-mm cemented armor phaj, tawm ntawm peb tsoo, tsuas yog ib qho raug suav raws li muaj cai. Tawm tsam 60-mm cemented slab, lub sub-caliber projectile tshiab tsis muaj zog.
Phom phom sib faib ntawm 1902/30 tus qauv, vim yog rab phom ntev, muab cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank nrog lub qhov ncauj qhov ncauj ntau dua - 950 m / s. Ntawm 50-mm cemented armor, lub foob pob tseem tsis tau sim, pom tseeb, muaj kev nkag siab ntawm nws lub zog ntau dhau. Lawv tau tua kaum zaug ntawm 60-mm cemented, ntawm qhov cuaj tsis suav, thiab tsuas yog ib lub plhaub hla lub hom phiaj hla thiab hla. Tawm tsam cov phom 70-mm tuab, 2 qhov kev ua tsis tau zoo tau sau tseg. Hauv txhua qhov kev sim ntu, kev tua phom tau ua los ntawm 100-200 meters.
Tam sim no cia peb txav mus rau qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus tsim khoom loj ntawm NII-24 lub plhaub. Cov kws tsim khoom tau txiav txim siab tias lub plhaub ntawm qhov kev tsim qauv no tsis tau qhia qhov zoo tshaj li tus qauv riam phom-tho phom. Ntxiv mus, raws li NII-24: "Ua haujlwm ntxiv rau feem ntau ntawm cov phom loj hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim cov tub ntxhais (cov haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo) los ntawm cov cuab yeej lossis cov qauv hlau nrog qhov nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 7, 84 yuav tsum raug tso tseg." Nov yog li cas kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm USSR yuav luag poob qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv lub tank hom ntawm projectile! NII-24 cov kws tshaj lij tau thov hauv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tias lawv tau los txog qhov kev txiav txim siab no, tsis yog kuaj lawv tus kheej nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem kuaj xyuas cov qauv coj mus kuaj. Cov tub ntxhais German muaj txog li 75% tungsten, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm 16.5 thiab Rockwell hardness txog li 70 units, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov kws siv phom hauv tsev ib yam nkaus. Muaj tseeb, hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm zais cia saum toj kawg nkaus, cov kws tsim txuj ci tsis tau qhia qhov tseeb tias cov mos txwv German tsis txaus siab rau lawv.
Nws tsis yog txhua yam phem
Lub ntsej muag ntawm kev cia siab rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv subcaliber hauv tsev muab cov ntsiab lus kawg hauv qhov xaus ntawm NII-24:
Ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev piav qhia zaum kawg ntawm qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv subcaliber cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum qhov teeb meem tsim tawm cov nyiaj txaus ntawm cov hlau tsis haum rau qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam plhaub tau daws tau zoo thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov ua tau ua haujlwm nyuaj hlau cores rau cov plhaub zoo li no hauv kev tsim khoom loj tau daws.
Txog Lub Peb Hlis 1942, thaum daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau kos npe, xav tua neeg, kom muab nws ntsiag to. Nws yog qhov nyuaj uas nws muaj peev xwm los teeb tsa kev tsim khoom ntawm cov chaw lag luam uas raug tshem tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom paub ua cov txheej txheem loj ntawm tungsten alloys.
Pawg Neeg Tua Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Loj Artillery tau nyeem tsab ntawv ceeb toom nrog kev txaus siab, thiab ib tus kws tshaj lij tub rog tau sau los ntawm txhais tes ntawm nplooj ntawv npe:
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tsis qhia txog kev tiv thaiv coefficients ntawm slabs siv rau kev sim. Qhov nrawm uas qhov kev ntsuas tau ua tiav tau tsis meej pem, thiab nws tsis paub meej tias tuab npaum li cas ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lawv sib raug rau. Cov ntaub ntawv no yuav raug hloov kho tshiab ntawm NII-24. Qhov xaus ntawm NII-24 yog qhov raug ntawm kev ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig thiab hais txog kev siv cov tub ntxhais nrog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm 7-8 hauv qhov kev tsim qauv no thiab tsis raug raws li qhov tsis kam tshawb nrhiav qhov tshiab, tsim qauv zoo dua ntawm caliber projectiles, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov lub "hnyav" cov tub ntxhais nrog nws tsim. Sau ntawv ceeb toom.
Tej zaum nws yog tus kws tshaj lij tub rog no, uas tsis tuaj yeem kos npe tawm, uas tau cawm lub foob pob hluav taws hauv tsev.
