Raws li Stockholm Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb (SIPRI), kev muag khoom hauv ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom lag luam tub rog xyoo 2012-2016 tau nce 8.4% piv rau tsib xyoos dhau los txoj kev npaj. Tib neeg tseem muaj caj npab nws tus kheej, thiab kev muag cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab khoom siv tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa tawm thiab peev nyiaj txiag ntawm ntau lub tebchaws. Uas tsuas yog lees paub tias hauv kev ua tsov ua rog lawv tsis tsuas yog tua, tab sis kuj muag thiab tau nyiaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Russia tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv riam phom hauv ntiaj chaw, nyob ntau dua 58% ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam riam phom ua lag luam tag nrho.
SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) yog lub koom haum tshawb fawb txog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj caj npab thiab teeb meem kev tshem riam phom. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij ntawm lub koom haum no, Tebchaws Asmeskas tswj hwm ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev ua lag luam riam phom, thaum yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tag nrho lawv cov khoom siv mus rau cov xeev ntawm Middle East. Russia tswj hwm 23% ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li lub koom haum SIPRI, kwv yees li 70% ntawm cov khoom siv Lavxias mus rau 4 lub tebchaws: Is Nrias teb, Tuam Tshoj, Nyab Laj thiab Algeria.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm xyoo 2012-2016, Beijing tswj kom nce kev faib cov khoom siv riam phom ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm 3.8% mus rau 6.2%. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Is Nrias teb tseem yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws tus xa khoom siv riam phom hauv ntiaj teb, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb tau nce kev yuav khoom hauv cheeb tsam no los ntawm 43% piv rau xyoo 2007-2011. Saudi Arabia nyob rau qib thib ob hais txog kev nqa riam phom. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias Is Nrias teb yog tus yuav ntau tshaj plaws ntawm riam phom Lavxias hauv ntiaj teb, thiab Saudi Arabia yog tus neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Asmeskas ua riam phom.
Hauv tebchaws Africa, 46% ntawm txhua qhov kev xa khoom ntawm caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog tuaj ntawm Algeria (uas yog ib ntawm 5 tus neeg yuav khoom riam phom Lavxias tshaj plaws). Lwm tus neeg nqa khoom loj, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb Swedish, nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev sib cav tsis sib haum ntev: Ethiopia, Sudan thiab Nigeria. Neeg Asmeskas kev lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau Tuam Tshoj, uas muab riam phom ntawm nws tus kheej tsim tawm rau 18 lub tebchaws African, thaum Tanzania kaw Top 5 lub tebchaws uas yuav riam phom hauv Suav teb.
Thaum ib nrab lub Plaub Hlis 2017, bigthink.com luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm hais txog plaub lub foob pob loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb (Tebchaws Asmeskas, Russia, Fabkis thiab Tuam Tshoj). Cov ntaub ntawv yog ua raws cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Stockholm Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb rau xyoo 2011-2015. Kab lus piv rau lub ntiaj teb cov neeg xa khoom siv riam phom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nrog rau lawv cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws, thiab tseem nthuav qhia cov duab nraaj uas qhia kev qhia ntawm cov khoom siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov duab qhia chaw tsis suav nrog cov tebchaws uas tau txais riam phom tsawg dua $ 100 lab nyob rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij Swedish tau sau tseg tias xyoo 2011-2015 tag nrho cov khoom muag ntawm cov khoom siv riam phom tau siab dua li lwm tsib xyoos txij li thaum Tsov Rog Txias xaus rau thaum ntxov 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX.
Tam sim no, Tebchaws Asmeskas tsis yog tsuas yog tus thawj coj hais txog kev siv nyiaj tub rog ($ 611 nphom hauv xyoo 2016), tab sis tseem yog tus xa khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv riam phom ntawm ntiaj chaw. Cov riam phom Asmeskas tau muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nrog cov xeev ua ntej ntawm lwm lub tebchaws los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv xyoo 2011-2015, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau muag ntau yam riam phom muaj nqis txog $ 46.4 nphom, uas yog yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm kev lag luam caj npab thoob ntiaj teb (32.8%). Russia tam sim tom qab Tebchaws Meskas, uas nws xa tawm tib lub sijhawm kwv yees los ntawm SIPRI cov kws tshaj lij ntawm $ 35.4 nphom (lossis 25.4% ntawm kev xa tawm thoob ntiaj teb). Qhov ntsuas ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws cov neeg xa khoom siv riam phom yog tus kheej ntau dua li kev xa tawm tag nrho ntawm cov xeev nyob hauv qhov chaw thib peb thiab plaub hauv kev ntsuas: Fabkis nrog ntim ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm $ 8.1 nphom thiab PRC nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm $ 7.9 ib txhiab.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm (2011-2015), Is Nrias teb, Saudi Arabia, Tuam Tshoj, United Arab Emirates (UAE) thiab Australia tau dhau los ua tus xa khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm riam phom ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.
Cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Asmeskas riam phom
Kev xa khoom ntawm caj npab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw xa khoom loj tshaj plaws. Yog li cov kev nyiam hauv thaj av ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, feem ntau yuav yog, dag nyob hauv Middle East. Tsib tus neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Asmeskas caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim suav nrog: Saudi Arabia - $ 4.57 billion, United Arab Emirates - $ 4.2 billion, Turkey - $ 3.1 billion, South Kauslim - $ 3.1 billion thiab Australia - 2.92 billion dollars. Feem ntau, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau muag riam phom muaj nqis ntau dua $ 100 lab rau 42 lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, ntau yam tseem nyob hauv Middle East.
Sab saum toj 10 tus neeg yuav khoom siv riam phom Asmeskas, ntxiv rau cov xeev tau teev tseg saum toj no, suav nrog: Taiwan (Koom pheej ntawm Tuam Tshoj) - $ 2.83 billion, Is Nrias teb - $ 2.76 billion, Singapore - $ 2.32 billion, Iraq - $ 2.1 billion, thiab Egypt - $ 1.6 nphom
Cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm riam phom Lavxias
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog uas muaj niaj hnub no ntawm Russia thiab Is Nrias teb yog tus yam ntxwv loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev xa riam phom thoob ntiaj teb. Tshaj tsib xyoos txij xyoo 2011 txog 2015 suav nrog, Is Nrias teb tau txais riam phom tsim los ntawm Lavxias muaj nqis txog $ 13.4 nphom. Qhov thib ob hauv kev hais txog kev yuav khoom riam phom Lavxias yog Tuam Tshoj, uas nws tus kheej yog ib tus xa khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Thaum lub sijhawm teev tseg, Beijing yuav riam phom los ntawm Russia rau $ 3.8 nphom. Hauv qhov chaw thib peb, nrog kev lag luam me, yog Nyab Laj - $ 3, 7 nphom, hauv plaub thiab tsib qhov chaw, raws li, Algeria thiab Venezuela nyob nrog cov ntsuas ntawm $ 2, 64 thiab 1, 9 billion, feem.
Sab saum toj 10 tus neeg yuav khoom riam phom Lavxias, ntxiv rau cov tebchaws tau teev tseg saum toj no, suav nrog: Azerbaijan - $ 1.8 nphom, Syria - $ 983 lab, Iraq - $ 853 lab, Myanmar - $ 619 lab thiab Uganda - $ 616 lab. Feem ntau, xyoo 2011-2015, Russia muag riam phom muaj nqis ntau dua $ 100 lab rau 24 lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Russia muab riam phom rau cov tub rog-nom tswv sib tw ntawm Is Nrias teb, Pakistan, tab sis cov khoom siv no yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tsawg dua, tsuas yog $ 134 lab (qhov chaw thib 23 hauv qhov ntsuas), txawm tias Afghanistan, uas yog Pakistan thaj chaw nyob ze, tau txais ntau zaus ntau dua li Lavxias riam phom - los ntawm 441 lab daus las (qhov chaw thib 14 hauv qeb duas).
Cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Fabkis caj npab
Thaum Russia tab tom muag riam phom rau Algeria, nws cov neeg nyob sib ze thiab lub xeev sib tw, Morocco, caj npab tau muab los ntawm Fab Kis, lub tebchaws African sab qaum teb no yog tus neeg yuav khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Fabkis caj npab hauv ntiaj teb. Tsib tus neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Fab Kis caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim suav nrog: Morocco - $ 1.3 nphom, Tuam Tshoj - $ 1 nphom, Egypt - $ 759 lab, United Arab Emirates - $ 548 lab thiab Saudi Arabia - $ 521 lab. Nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias kev txaus siab ntawm Fabkis, zoo li ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, mob siab rau rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj, qhov uas cov neeg yuav khoom siv riam phom Fab Kis coob heev tau mloog zoo.
Sab saum toj 10 tus neeg yuav khoom siv riam phom Fab Kis kuj suav nrog: Australia - $ 361 lab, Is Nrias teb - $ 337 lab, Tebchaws Asmeskas - $ 327 lab, Oman - $ 245 lab thiab UK - $ 207 lab. Hauv tag nrho, rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb txij xyoo 2011 txog 2015 suav nrog, Fabkis muag riam phom muaj nqis ntau dua $ 100 lab rau 17 lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Suav riam phom
Yog tias Russia yog tus xa khoom siv riam phom loj tshaj plaws rau Is Nrias teb, ces Tuam Tshoj tab tom npaj nws cov tebchaws nyob sib ze: Pakistan, uas yog tus neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Suav ua cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, nrog rau Bangladesh thiab Myanmar. Tsib tus neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Suav caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab suav nrog: Pakistan - $ 3 nphom, Bangladesh - $ 1.4 nphom, Myanmar - $ 971 lab, Venezuela - $ 373 lab, Tanzania - $ 323 lab.
Feem ntau, xyoo 2011-2015, Tuam Tshoj muag riam phom muaj nqis ntau dua $ 100 lab rau 10 lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, yog li ntawd ntxiv rau cov tebchaws saum toj no, Sab saum toj 10 tus neeg yuav khoom suav suav suav nrog: Algeria - $ 314 lab, Indonesia - $ 237 lab, Cameroon - $ 198 lab, Sudan - $ 134 lab thiab Iran - $ 112 lab.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm, nws pom tseeb tias nyob rau yav tom ntej, kev sib tw tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam riam phom thoob ntiaj teb rau qhov chaw thib peb hais txog kev muab khoom yuav yog ntawm Fabkis thiab Tuam Tshoj. Tib lub sijhawm, tom kawg muaj txhua lub sijhawm los ua tus thib peb ruaj khov nyob rau yav tom ntej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Russia yuav tau khaws lawv thawj thiab zaum thib ob hauv qeb duas, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm lawv cov neeg caum qab.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kev xa tawm riam phom Lavxias los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2017 yuav tseem ceeb tshaj qhov ntsuas ntawm xyoo 2016. Viktor Kladov, uas tuav tus Thawj Coj rau Kev Koom Tes Thoob Ntiaj Teb thiab Txoj Cai Hauv Cheeb Tsam ntawm Rostec State Corporation, tau hais qhia cov neeg sau xov xwm txog qhov no ntawm 14th International Naval and Aviation and Space Exhibition LIMA 2017, uas tau muaj nyob hauv Malaysia txij hnub tim 21 txog 25, lub taub hau ntawm kev koom tes koom nrog ntawm lub xeev kev koom tes thiab JSC Rosoboronexport ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia no. Raws li Kladov, Rosoboronexport phau ntawv xaj khoom tam sim no kwv yees li $ 45 nphom, uas tso cai rau Lavxias kev lag luam tiv thaiv kev lag luam ua haujlwm tau peb xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, thiab cov ntawv cog lus hauv 2017 yuav tshaj tus lej cog lus hauv xyoo 2016.
Is Nrias teb yuav tseem yog Russia tus neeg yuav khoom tseem ceeb thiab koom tes. Raws li Viktor Kladov, xyoo 2017 nws tau npaj yuav kos npe ntau txhiab daus las cog lus nrog Is Nrias teb rau kev tsim kho plaub Txoj Haujlwm 11356 lub nkoj loj raws li "2 + 2" tus qauv (ob lub nkoj loj yuav muab los ntawm Russia, thiab ob ntxiv yuav ua hauv Is Nrias teb raws li daim ntawv tso cai). "Daim ntawv cog lus no nyob ntawm qhov kev sib tham sai npaum li cas, uas tab tom ua tam sim no, tau ua tiav. Tshwj xeeb, tag nrho cov rooj sib tham hnyav heev nrog cov neeg koom nrog Indian tau ua tiav lawm, yog tias kev sib tham mus tau zoo, daim ntawv cog lus yuav kos npe rau xyoo 2017, "Kladov tau hais. Nws tau sau tseg tias tam sim no sab Isdias Asmesliskas koom nrog xaiv qhov chaw tsim khoom tsim khoom rau kev tso cai tsim khoom ntawm ib feem ntawm cov nkoj loj. Ib qho ntxiv, Tus Thawj Coj rau Kev Koom Tes Thoob Ntiaj Teb thiab Txoj Cai Hauv Cheeb Tsam ntawm Rostec tau tham txog daim ntawv cog lus npaj rau kev tsim khoom ntawm 200 Ka-226T lub teeb ntau lub dav hlau helicopters hauv Is Nrias teb. Tsis tas li xyoo 2017, nws tau npaj yuav kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus tseem ceeb rau kev muab 48 Mi-17V-5 lub dav hlau dav hlau ntau yam rau Is Nrias teb.
Yog tias peb tham txog lwm lub tebchaws, tom qab ntawv cog lus loj heev tau npaj yuav xaus nrog Indonesia. Peb tab tom tham txog kev xa khoom ntawm ntau lub tshuab Su-35 rau lub tebchaws no. Daim ntawv cog lus rau kev muab cov neeg tua rog yuav tsum yog thawj zaug hauv cov phiaj xwm npaj tseg nrog Indonesia rau kev muab cov khoom lag luam tub rog. Raws li Kladov, raws li muaj peev txheej peev nyiaj txiag, sab Indonesia muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev yuav Su-35 cov neeg tua rog los ntawm Russia, tom qab ntawv cog lus rau cov cuab yeej siv tub rog yuav ua raws, thiab tom qab ntawd rau lub dav hlau. Nws kuj tau hais ntxiv tias Indonesia tab tom nthuav qhia kev txaus siab rau qhov tshwj xeeb Lavxias Be-200 lub dav hlau amphibious. Lub tebchaws tau npaj yuav 2-3 lub dav hlau no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Indonesia tam sim no yog lub xeev ze tshaj rau kev yuav Be-200 vim qhov xav tau tas li los tua hluav taws hauv hav zoov.
