Txij li xyoo 2014, Russia tau raug yuam kom txhim kho kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv hauv ntau yam lag luam. Cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Raws li Minister of Defense ntawm Lavxias Federation Sergei Shoigu, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tsev tau tswj kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tiav tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv khoom. Raws li tus kws lis haujlwm tau sau tseg, Russia yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov khoom lag luam tub rog uas tsis yog thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws, tsis hais txog kev txiav txim siab txoj cai ntawm Western xeev tau tswj hwm lossis tsis muaj zog.
Teeb meem hloov chaw ntshuam
Txog rau xyoo 2014, Txoj cai Lavxias hauv kev siv caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog tau ua raws li lub tswv yim dav dav ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab faib kev lag luam ua lag luam. Kev faib tawm ntawm kev cia siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv tsev-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj rau cov neeg xa khoom txawv teb chaws tau siab heev, ib nrab vim yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm USSR, thaum ntau lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv tau tawm mus sab nraud Russia, tab sis Moscow txuas ntxiv tswj kev sib raug zoo nrog lawv. Hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam nyob ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo li kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm Lavxias: vim li cas nqis peev nyiaj txiag hauv kev tsim riam phom thiab cov cuam tshuam thiab cov khoom sib txuas, yog tias koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom lag luam zoo li no hauv lwm lub tebchaws, thiab txawm tias pheej yig dua?
Txog rau xyoo 2014, txoj cai zoo li no muaj txoj cai nyob ua ke. Txawm tias qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws tau tso tseg tom qab kev rau txim, cuam tshuam nrog kev yuav ob lub nkoj Mistral-chav amphibious tsoo los ntawm Fabkis, tsis yog qhov ua tsis tiav. Russia tsis plam nyiaj raws li daim ntawv cog lus no thiab tau txais kev nkag mus rau thev naus laus zis thiab tsim kev daws teeb meem, tau txais kev paub dhau los hauv kev tsim kho ntawm UDCs niaj hnub no, cov nyiam uas tsuas yog tsis muaj nyob hauv Lavxias lub nkoj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis kam lees ntawm cov tub ceev xwm hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Europe thiab Ukraine los muab kev tiv thaiv thiab, qee qhov, siv ob yam khoom siv rau Russia, ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.
Ntxiv rau Fabkis, teeb meem tau tshwm sim nrog lwm lub tebchaws. Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Nyij Pooj tau txwv txoj cai txwv tsis pub muab cov khoom sib xyaw rau Russia, nrog rau cov cuab yeej tsim khoom nyuaj. Kev tsis kam muab cov khoom sib xyaw tau raug mob hnyav rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Lavxias hauv kev tsim kho dav hlau dav hlau - MS -21 neeg caij dav hlau, cov khoom lag luam uas tau hloov mus rau xyoo 2021. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee tus kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias cov ntsiab lus tiag tiag rau kev xa khoom loj thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev tsim khoom yuav raug hloov mus rau hnub tom qab. Mob heev rau Lavxias kev tiv thaiv-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj yog tawg nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ukraine, uas tau muab cov cav nkoj, thiab Ukraine thiab dav hlau. Ib qho ntxiv, European thiab lwm tus koom nrog ib txwm ntawm Russia tau tso tseg muab lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Soviet Union, Ukraine tau txais ntau tus lag luam kev lag luam ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, ntxiv rau tsim cov tsev haujlwm. Zoo li ntau lwm lub tebchaws tom qab-Soviet, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Ukraine tau tsom mus rau kev tsim cov khoom ib leeg, kev sibtham thiab ntu, qhov kev sib dhos zaum kawg ntawm cov khoom tau ua hauv Russia. Kev faib haujlwm no ua kom muaj kev koom tes ntawm ob lub tebchaws hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tom qab kev tawg ntawm USSR. Ob peb lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv Ukraine, uas nws cov khoom tau thov hauv tebchaws Russia. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog Motor Sich (lub tsev tsim khoom), Yuzhmash (foob pob ua ntxaij tsev), Antonov Tsim Chaw Haujlwm (lub tsev tsim dav hlau, thauj kev ya dav hlau), Zorya - Mashproekt (cov cav siv roj rau lub nkoj).
Tom qab kev koom ua ke ntawm Crimea thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua phem nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Donbass, Ukraine txwv txhua txoj kev koom tes ua tub rog nrog Russia, suav nrog hauv kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Kev ua tiav ntawm txawm tias daim ntawv cog lus them ua ntej tau raug tso tseg, zoo li tau tshwm sim nrog roj cav cav los ntawm Nikolaev. Qhov tseeb, cov tub ceev xwm hauv Kiev tau txiav txim siab ua rau poob loj, ua rau lawv tus kheej kev lag luam tiv thaiv. Ua ntej cov xwm txheej ntawm 2014, kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub tebchaws hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tau ze heev, thiab Ukraine tau txais nyiaj tiag tiag los ntawm kev koom tes zoo li no. Hauv kev muaj tiag niaj hnub no, nws nyuaj rau cov tuam txhab Ukrainian nrhiav tib lub khw muag khoom rau lawv cov khoom, uas yog Russia. Qhov tseeb, nws tau siv Moscow ntau xyoo los daws cov teeb meem loj uas tshwm sim: los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab nyoob hoom qav taub nrog lub cav, kom tso cov nkoj loj tshiab los ua haujlwm.
Ntshuam hloov txheej txheem hauv Lavxias kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam
Nws yog qhov nyuaj nyuaj rau kev xav txog qhov yuav tsum tau ntim ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua tub rog-kev tsim khoom vim raug kaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no. Tab sis siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev qhib cov ntaub ntawv, tshwj xeeb, cov lus hais los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qib siab hauv tebchaws Lavxias, ib tus tuaj yeem xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov teeb meem uas Lavxias tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntsib nyob hauv ib nrab xyoo 2014. Piv txwv li, raws li Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Dmitry Rogozin, tau hais thaum lub sijhawm nws hais lus, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib dhos los ntawm NATO thiab EU (feem ntau yog xov tooj cua siv hluav taws xob thiab kho qhov muag) tau siv hauv 640 qhov piv txwv ntawm Lavxias ua cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, uas yog 571 tus qauv kom hloov pauv tag nrho los ntawm 2018.
Txawm tias muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Xya Hli 16, 2015 hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom rau Vladimir Putin los ntawm Tus Lwm Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm Russia Yuri Borisov, uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev pabcuam tub rog-kev txhawb nqa ntawm RF Armed Forces. Raws li Yuri Borisov, los ntawm 2025 kev lag luam Lavxias yuav tsum ua tiav kev hloov pauv rau 826 tus qauv ntawm riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog. Raws li lwm qhov chaw, tsuas yog los hloov cov khoom thiab cov khoom uas tuaj rau Russia los ntawm NATO thiab EU, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau rov ua dua yam tsawg kawg 800 yam sib txawv ntawm riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim khoom Lavxias.
Tam sim no, Lavxias cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj tau ua tiav loj heev ntawm kev hloov chaw hloov khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev xa tawm ntawm hom tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tau nqa tawm yam tsis tas ncua. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib tham hu ua thaum lub Kaum Hli 2019, Sergei Shoigu tau hais tias tam sim no lub tebchaws cov tub rog tau txais 2,300 units ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog niaj hnub no. Raws li tus kws tshaj lij, kev npaj yuav khoom tshiab thiab txuas ntxiv lub hom phiaj rau cov riam phom tseem ceeb tau ua tiav hauv Russia los ntawm 47 feem pua, thiab tag nrho, thaum kawg ntawm 2019, kev faib cov khoom siv tub rog tshiab hauv lub tebchaws cov tub rog tau nce mus txog 68 feem pua.
Nyuam qhuav pib no, Thawj Tswj Hwm Lavxias Vladimir Putin kuj tau tham txog kev nce qib ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv kev ua tub rog-kev tsim khoom. Thaum lub rooj sib tham thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 19, 2019, uas tau tshwm sim hauv Izhevsk uas yog ib feem ntawm kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Hnub Phom Phom, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws tau sau tseg tias tsib xyoos dhau los lub tebchaws tau ua tiav qhov kev vam meej hauv kev hloov pauv kev xa khoom "hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb. " Raws li Vladimir Putin, tsib xyoos dhau los, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev ywj pheej thev naus laus zis hauv ntau dua 350 tus qauv ntawm riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog. Ntawm lwm yam, Thawj Tswj Hwm tau hais txog qhov ua tiav hauv kev nce kev sib koom ntawm Lavxias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv paus, uas yog siv hauv riam phom niaj hnub no. Nyias, nws hais txog kev tsim cov tshuab tsim rau cov dav hlau, nrog rau kev ua rog ntawm Lavxias Navy. Raws li Putin, cov tuam txhab Lavxias yuav pib kho lub cav ntawm lub ntiaj teb hnyav thauj lub dav hlau, An-124 Ruslan.
Kaw cov teeb meem teeb meem hauv kev lag luam tiv thaiv
Qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias tseem ceeb, rau kev lag luam tiv thaiv Lavxias yog kev sib cais ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog Ukraine. Kev vam khom ntawm Lavxias cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj rau cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Ukrainian hauv kev dav hlau, kev tsim nkoj thiab foob pob hluav taws thiab chaw lag luam tau loj heev. Txog rau xyoo 2014, yuav luag txhua lub cav uas tau teeb tsa ntawm Lavxias cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog caij dav hlau tau tsim hauv tebchaws Ukraine ntawm Motor Sich kev lag luam. Rov qab rau xyoo 2011, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm Dubai Airshow, Lavxias tuav lub dav hlau nyoob hoom qav taub Lavxias thiab lub tuam txhab Ukrainian Motor Sich tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus muab 1,300 lub dav hlau cav rau Russia rau tag nrho ntawm $ 1.2 nphom. Txhua xyoo cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Ukraine tau hloov 250-270 lub cav rau Russia.
Niaj hnub no Russia tau yuav luag tag nrho qhov kev vam khom no hauv kev ua tub rog. Rov qab rau xyoo 2017, lub taub hau ntawm Lavxias Nyoob hoom qav taub tuav tuav tau tshaj tawm rau lub tebchaws tus thawj tswj hwm tias xyoo 2019 Russia yuav kov yeej qhov teeb meem nrog kev muab lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ntawm Ukraine. Hauv tebchaws Russia, lub cav VK-2500, tau hloov pauv hauv peb lub tebchaws, tau los hloov lub tebchaws TVZ-117VMA hauv tebchaws Ukraine, rau kev tsim thiab tsim khoom uas OJSC "Klimov" yog lub luag haujlwm. Cov cav no tau teeb tsa ntawm feem ntau ntawm Mi thiab Ka qhov siab. Raws li Rostec xeev kev koom tes, xyoo 2018 Ufa PJSC UEC-UMPO tau muab 180 lub cav khoom siv rau VK-2500 tshuab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Motor Sich txuas ntxiv koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab Lavxias hauv kev muab cov cav rau cov pej xeem nyoob hoom qav taub thiab tseem koom nrog hauv txoj haujlwm sib koom los tsim Lavxias-Suav hnyav lub dav hlau AHL, uas yog qhov tshiab ntawm Zaporozhye D-136 yuav tsum tau teeb tsa lub cav, uas txhua lub nyoob hoom qav taub Mi-26 hauv ntiaj teb. Ib qho ntxiv, Russia tau ua tiav kev tsim cov tshuab AI-222-25, uas tau teeb tsa ntawm Yak-130 kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau. Salyut Gas Turbine Engineering Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Chaw Tsim Khoom tshaj tawm qhov ua tiav hauv zos ntawm AI-222-25 lub cav tsim khoom thiab txiav kev koom tes nrog Motor Sich rov qab rau lub Plaub Hlis 2015.
Lwm qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas Lavxias tiv thaiv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau daws yog hloov chaw ntawm lub nkoj Ukrainian tshuab tsim hauv Nikolaev. Vim tias kev tawg ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev sib koom tes ntawm ob lub tebchaws, Lavxias cov nkoj nkoj tau khov nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm kev saws me nyuam ntawm cov nkoj loj ntawm thaj tsam hiav txwv deb ntawm cov phiaj xwm 11356 thiab 22350. cov nkoj loj 11356, npaj rau Indian Navy. Yog li ntawd lub nkoj thib ob ntawm txoj haujlwm 22350 "Admiral of the Fleet Kasatonov" tau tso rov qab rau xyoo 2009, tab sis tau nkag mus rau hauv lub Hoobkas kev sim dej hiav txwv nkaus xwb hauv xyoo 2019, qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws nrog lub nkoj "Admiral Golovko", uas tau tso rov qab rau hauv Xyoo 2012. Qhov tseeb tias kev lag luam hauv tsev tau kov yeej kev vam khom ntawm Ukrainian roj turbine cav ua kom pom tseeb tsuas yog thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2019. Tus Lwm Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm Russia Alexei Krivoruchko tau hais qhia cov neeg sau xov xwm txog qhov no thaum nws mus ntsib Severnaya Verf. Raws li nws, UEC-Saturn tau tsim cov chav tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev tag nrho rau cov nkoj loj nyob hauv kev tsim kho ntawm txoj haujlwm 22350. Nws twb paub lawm tias cov nkoj loj nyob hauv kev tsim kho muab rau siv 10D49 txhawb nqa lub cav diesel tsim los ntawm Kolomna cog thiab M90FR roj cav tsev tsim los ntawm UEC-Saturn.
Russia tseem tau ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb ua tiav hauv kev tsim dav hlau. Ntxiv mus, peb tab tom tham txog ob lub dav hlau uas muaj neeg thiab drones. Ib qho piv txwv cuam tshuam txog kev hloov pauv kev ua lag luam yog ua haujlwm ntawm Il-112V cov tub rog thauj dav hlau, thawj lub davhlau uas tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Peb Hlis 30, 2019. Lub dav hlau tshiab tsis tsuas yog hloov pauv kev coj noj coj ua thiab lub cev qub txeeg qub teg An-26 lub dav hlau, tab sis kuj tseem yog hom lus teb thiab sib tw ncaj qha rau An-140T lub dav hlau, tsim los ntawm Antonov Design Bureau. Rov qab rau xyoo 2011, Cov tub rog Lavxias tau yuav lub tsheb Ukrainian rau kev thauj mus los.
Ib qho ntxiv, Lavxias kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam kev lag luam tau ua tiav zoo hauv kev tsim kho lub dav hlau tsis muaj neeg. Thaum pib ntawm 2020, Forpost-R drone yuav nkag rau kev pabcuam nrog Aerospace Forces. Thawj lub davhlau ntawm UAV, tsim los siv cov khoom siv Lavxias ua tiav, nrog Lavxias lub cav APD-85 thiab software hauv tsev, tau ua qhov kawg ntawm lub Yim Hli 2019. Yav dhau los, lub drone no tau sib sau ua ke hauv Russia raws li daim ntawv tso cai Israeli los ntawm cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws. Qhov ua tiav pom tseeb tuaj yeem hu ua kev tsim hauv Russia ntawm qhov hnyav poob siab-kev soj ntsuam drone S-70 "Okhotnik", thawj lub davhlau uas tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Yim Hli 3, 2019. Qhov tshwj xeeb UAV no tuaj yeem sib cuam tshuam nrog rau qib siab tshaj plaws Lavxias thib tsib lub dav hlau tua rog Su-57. Thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 27, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tau qhia txog thawj zaug kev sib tw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Su-57 thiab Okhotnik lub dav hlau tsis muaj neeg tsav dav hlau, lub davhlau yog 30 feeb.
Twb tau lawm, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev rau txim tau ua rau muaj kev txhawb zog rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tiv thaiv hauv tsev, muaj kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv rau tag nrho cov haujlwm. Tshaj li tsib xyoos dhau los txij li xyoo 2014, kev lag luam tiv thaiv hauv tsev tau tshem tawm kev cia siab txawv teb chaws hauv ntau thaj chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov txheej txheem rov muab cov tub rog nrog yam tshiab ntawm riam phom thiab cuab yeej siv tub rog tsis raug tso tseg. Qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim hauv kev tsim nkoj, tab sis xyoo 2019 qhov teeb meem tau kov yeej lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, chav kawm ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tseem tsis tau txhais hais tias ua tiav kev cais tawm ntawm kev lag luam Lavxias. Hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv paus, Russia tau nquag txhim kho kev koom tes nrog Suav. Hauv kev xam phaj nrog RT, kws tshaj lij tub rog Yuri Knutov tau hais tawm lub tswv yim tias hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv paus, Russia tam sim no tso siab rau Suav teb, uas, tom qab qhia txog kev rau txim sab hnub poob, tau dhau los ua ib tus tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias koom tes hauv kev ua tub rog- kev koom tes
