Hauv cov tub rog niaj hnub no, ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev tshiab thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv tseem tab tom ua hauv ntiaj teb. Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj Lavxias tshaj plaws yog "Super Thread", txog qhov xov xwm Lavxias tau pib ua haujlwm pib thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2021.
Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej sib ntaus tau paub zoo tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho, kev lag luam tub rog tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov hlau nrog qhov nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm 8 g / cm3, thawj zaug rau titanium - 4.5 g / cm3, tom qab ntawd mus rau txhuas - 2.7 g / cm3, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau cov ntaub ntawv polymer sib xyaw nrog cov ntsuas ntawm 1.5 -2 g / cm3, tsab ntawv xov xwm raug cai ntawm RF Ministry of Defense "Krasnaya Zvezda" tshaj tawm.
Twb tau nyob rau xyoo no, kev nce qib tau nqis mus ntxiv. Los ntawm cov polyethylene fibers nrog qhov nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm tsuas yog 0.97 g / cm3, nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ntawm lub zog uas nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev, tiv thaiv lub kaus mom hlau thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv rau cov tsheb. Peb tab tom tham txog ultra-high molecular weight fibers. Lub kaus mom hlau ua los ntawm lawv hnyav tsuas yog 0.8 kg, lawv cov khoom tsim tawm thawj zaug hauv Asmeskas thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm Lavxias kws tsim txuj ci thiab kws tshawb fawb, cov thev naus laus zis zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim hauv peb lub tebchaws.
Dab tsi yog Super Xov
"Super thread" yog qhov khoom cog lus Lavxias uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo. Nws cov khoom tuaj yeem xa ncaj qha rau Russia thiab siv hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev, nrog rau lwm yam khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej rau cov tub rog. Lub npe tsis txawv no zais qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub teeb ultra-high molecular hnyav polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE). Cov tshuaj tshiab tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshuaj Lavxias los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob hauv Tver.
Lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab yog 350 gf / tex (qhov ntsuas ntawm tus txheeb ze tawg tawg). Qhov no yuav luag 1, 5 npaug siab dua qhov ua tau zoo ntawm aramid fibers zoo tshaj ntawm Kevlar hom tam sim no. Raws li Yevgeny Kharchenko, Tus Thawj Tsim Qauv rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Txheej Txheem rau Cov Khoom Siv Ua Tub Rog thiab Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Armokom, nws muaj peev xwm los tsim kev sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov fibers tshiab tsuas yog xyoo 2020.
Raws li tus kws tshaj lij, qhov nyuaj yog vim tias yuav luag xoom coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam, nrog rau kev siv hluav taws xob siab, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem tshiab siv cov txheej txheem weaving ib txwm ua rau cov ntaub zoo. Lwm qhov teeb meem yog tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv polymer uas tsim nyog txhawm rau lo cov UHMWPE fibers rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw monolithic. Qhov teeb meem yog tias cov nplaum ntawm cov khoom tshiab tau ze rau xoom.
Cov teeb meem tau teev tseg ua rau tsim cov khoom sib xyaw raws li cov fiber ntau los ntawm Tver cov kws tshuaj tsuas yog xyoo 2020. Kev sib xyaw ua ke raws "Supernity" yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tsim khoom ntawm "Armocom" tuam txhab thiab Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb Hauv Nroog Nruab Nrab ntawm Lub Tshuab Tshwj Xeeb Tsev (Khotkovo). Cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias tsis tsuas yog xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw raws cov fiber ntau, tab sis kuj tsim cov thev naus laus zis zoo rau kev tsim cov khoom tiaj tus thiab nkhaus Supernite.
Ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm cov kws tshuaj hauv tsev thiab kws ua haujlwm ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, cov khoom sib xyaw, tshwj xeeb hauv nws lub peev xwm thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, tau tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws. Nws muaj cov khoom siv foob pob thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo. Tseem ceeb dua, cov khoom tuaj yeem coj mus rau theem ntawm kev thov ua tau zoo los ntawm cov rog ntawm Lavxias kev lag luam kev lag luam. Yav tom ntej, nws yuav muaj peev xwm sib tw nrog cov neeg txawv teb chaws, hauv qee txoj kev tshaj li lawv twb tam sim no.
Dab tsi yog paub txog cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab
Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm los ntawm lub tuam txhab "Armocom" muab lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tshiab. Nrog qhov sib zog qis dua ntawm Lavxias polyethylene sib xyaw, cov khoom siv tshiab muaj lub zog yam ntxwv ntawm qib ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws txawv teb chaws analogues.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov khoom siv foob pob hluav taws ntawm "Superniti" tsis yog tsuas yog 40 feem pua zoo dua rau aramid sib xyaw raws "Kevlar" ntaub, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb dua li txawv teb chaws UHMWPE cov khoom sib xyaw. "Armocom" sau tseg tias qhov ua tiav ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv tshiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuab tsis siv neeg winding-compressor thev naus laus zis.
Hais txog qhov nqus tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv Lavxias tshiab ntawm Armokom lub tuam txhab sib raug zoo rau Israeli UDHMWPE (UniDirectional). UniDirectional yog cov neeg Ixayees lub xeev-ntawm-tus-kos duab sib xyaw cov khoom tiv thaiv ballistic. Kev tsim kho Lavxias thiab Israel muaj tib qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb - 0.98 g / cm3. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom Lavxias yog 950 MPa, Israel ib - txog 900 MPa. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm "Superniti" V50 yog 670 m / s, Israeli UD sib xyaw yog 630 m / s. Fragment resistance V50 qhia peb txog qhov nrawm uas qhov kev sim ua ntu ntu ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv, ntawm qhov uas nws tsis nkag mus tau ua kom ntseeg tau nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm 0.5.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thoob plaws Asmeskas aramid organoplastic ntawm Kevlar hom yog qhov qis dua li tau teev tseg hauv UHMWPE. Yog li, nws qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb nce mus txog 1.25 g / cm3, lub zog tensile - 800 MPa, spall tsis kam V50 - 480 m / s. Txhua tus yam ntxwv tau teev tseg yog muab los ntawm Armokom lub tuam txhab rau cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv uas muaj qhov hnyav ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm 4 kg / m2.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv shrapnel, cov khoom siv Lavxias tshiab yuav muaj peev xwm nres cov mos txwv tsis siv neeg. Lub tuam txhab Armokom sau tseg tias yog, ib txwm, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov mos txwv tsis siv neeg, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua ke cov phaj superhard ceramic nrog qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb txog 3 g / cm3 nyob rau sab xub ntiag ntawm kev tiv thaiv nrog organoplastic nyob tom qab ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv tshiab yuav ua rau nws ua tau yam tsis muaj cov iav zoo nkauj …
Lub tuam txhab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj polyethylene tau tsim muaj peev xwm nres ntau yam mos mos niaj hnub uas tsis muaj pob zeb ntxiv nrog rau kev siv ceramics ntxiv. Hauv "Armocom" lawv hais meej tias lub qhov taub raug tsoo los ntawm lub mos txwv yog tus kheej nruj, nyem qhov mos txwv los ntawm txhua sab. Los yog cov khoom sib xyaw tshiab ua raws li kev sib zog ua kom sai sai uas yooj yim zom cov plhaub, thiab qee zaum cov mos txwv tseem ceeb nws tus kheej.
Ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo dua thiab zoo dua ntawm txhua UHMWPE fibers, sib piv rau feem ntau cov khoom sib xyaw uas twb muaj lawm, yog tias lawv muaj qhov zoo. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv tso cai tsim cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev, siv tau txawm tias thaum kov yeej cov teeb meem dej. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov cuab yeej ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj. Tus tsim tawm ntawm Israeli UDHMWPE fiber UD-UniDirectional tseem hais ntxiv tias cov khoom tsis muaj dej nqus dej.
Muaj txoj hauv kev twg los ntawm kev siv Lavxias UHMWPE
Twb tau, los ntawm qhov tshiab UHMWPE cov xov paj tau tsim, cov kws tshaj lij hauv tsev tau tsim ntau yam khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke tsim los tiv thaiv cov kabmob tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog ua haujlwm los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tuav phom, nrog rau ob txhais ceg los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom tawg. Tsis zoo li txhua tus neeg txawv tebchaws txawv tebchaws, cov tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kabmob tiv thaiv kabmob Russia tau xub tsim los ntawm txoj kev siv cua tshuab.
Yav tom ntej, tshiab Russia UHMWPE fiber, uas tau txais lub cim "Super thread", tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom tiv thaiv rau ib tiam tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej sib ntaus "Ratnik" lossis cov cuab yeej tshiab ua tiav nyob rau lwm lub npe.
Thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv, uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau cov cuab yeej siv tub rog tshiab rau cov tub rog ua haujlwm, twb tau ua hauv "Armokom" lub tuam txhab. Tshwj xeeb, lub kaus mom hlau thiab lub hauv siab ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv lub cev tau siv UHMWPE sib xyaw. Raws li tus kws tsim txuj ci Yuri Danilin, uas tau sim cov khoom tsim tawm, cov khoom lag luam tshiab sib txawv rau qhov zoo dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab qhov hnyav los ntawm cov cuab yeej Ratnik, uas nws kuj yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ua tiav rau Lavxias kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam yog lub tebchaws tuaj yeem tsim cov chav kawm tshiab ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas yog 20-35 feem pua zoo dua rau Kevlar-hom aramid organoplastics thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem tau ua tiav, thaum ib feem tseem ceeb lossis tag nrho cov ntim ntawm UHMWPE tuaj yeem tsim tawm hauv Russia. Txog rau tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau yuav los ntawm peb lub tebchaws nyob txawv teb chaws. Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ncaj qha los ntawm ib qho dhau los - Cov khoom siv Lavxias yog ib nrab tus nqi ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws.
