Czechoslovakia tau txais lub xeev hauv xyoo 1918 tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Austro-Hungarian Empire. Cov pejxeem hauv lub xeev uas tau tsim tshiab yog kwv yees li 13.5 lab tus tib neeg. Czechoslovakia tau txais ntau dua ib nrab ntawm cov peev txheej tsim khoom ntawm Austria-Hungary thiab nkag mus rau kaum lub tebchaws uas muaj kev tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov nyiaj khaws cia ntawm coking thee thiab hlau ore tau pab txhawb kev txhim kho cov hlau hlau thiab cov tshuab hnyav. Xyoo 1930s, kev lag luam hauv tebchaws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau yooj yim ntawm cov tub rog Czechoslovak thiab nquag muab ntau yam riam phom rau xa tawm.
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1938, cov tub rog ntawm Czechoslovakia muaj txog 1.3 lab tus tib neeg: 26 kev sib faib thiab 12 thaj tsam ciam teb, hais txog lawv tus lej sib npaug rau kev faib tub rog thiab npaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv mus sij hawm ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog Czechoslovak tau swb yam tsis muaj kev sib ntaus. Raws li cov lus pom zoo hauv Munich, tau kos npe rau lub Cuaj Hlis 30, 1938, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau koom nrog Sudetenland, thiab thaum ib nrab Lub Peb Hlis 1939, Czechoslovak cov thawj coj tau pom zoo rau kev sib cais thiab ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Reich Tus Tiv Thaiv ntawm Bohemia thiab Moravia tau tsim ntawm thaj chaw uas cov neeg German nyob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Slovakia tau txais kev tso cai ywj pheej raws li kev txhawb nqa ntawm Peb Reich.
Yog tias tsis yog rau kev ntxeev siab ntawm cov nom tswv, cov tub rog Czechoslovak tuaj yeem muab lub tebchaws Yelemes tiv taus hnyav. Yog li, raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, cov neeg German tau txais 950 lub dav hlau tua rog, 70 lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv, lub tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov roj tsheb ciav hlau loj, 2270 phom phom, 785 phom, 469 tso tsheb hlau luam, tankettes thiab tsheb tiv thaiv, 43876 phom tshuab, ntau dua 1 lab phom tsis muaj kev sib ntaus. Ntau tshaj 1 txhiab puag ncig cov mos txwv thiab ntau dua 3 lab lub foob pob kuj tseem raug ntes. Kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Czechoslovakia tau muab los ntawm 230 rab phom tiv thaiv nruab nrab lub dav hlau, 227 lub tshuab tiv thaiv me me uas muaj rab phom loj thiab 250 lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshuab. Thaum lub sijhawm faib cov tub rog, Slovakia tau txais 713 rab phom, 24 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, 21 lub tsheb tiv thaiv, 30 lub tank tsheb, 79 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 350 lub dav hlau (suav nrog 73 tus neeg tua rog).
Lub dav hlau tua rog ntawm Czechoslovak Air Force yog Avia B.534. Txhua lub hlau biplane nrog lub thawv kaw thiab cov tsaws tsaws tsaws tsag muaj qhov hnyav ib txwm nqa ntawm 2120 kg, thiab Hispano-Suiza 12YCRS lub tshuab ua kua txias nrog lub zog ntawm 850 hp. tsim nyob rau hauv kab rov tav davhlau siab tshaj plaws ntawm 394 km / h. Lub dav hlau tau ua tub rog nrog plaub rab phom-rab phom tshuab. Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm B.534 pib thaum lub Cuaj Hli 1934. Nws tau tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom "Avia", "Aero" thiab "Letov". Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo Munich, 21 lub dav hlau tua rog tau nruab nrog lub dav hlau B.534. Kev hloov kho B.634, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1936, tau nthuav qhia txog kev txhim kho huab cua. Lub dav hlau ua tub rog muaj xws li Oerlikon FFS 20 20-mm lub cev muaj zog rab phom thiab ob lub tshuab synchronous 7, 92-mm vz. 30 tshuab rab phom. Nrog tib lub cav 850 hp. qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg tua rog yog 415 km / h.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, muaj txog 380 lub tshuab rab phom thiab cov phom loj hauv cov davhlau hauv tebchaws Czechoslovakia. Txog rau nruab nrab xyoo 1930s, B.534 yog tus neeg tua hluav taws zoo heev, tsis zoo dua hauv nws cov yam ntxwv rau cov phooj ywg txawv teb chaws feem ntau. Feem ntau nws lees paub tias Czech B.534 tsis muaj kev cia siab poob rau German Messerschmitt Bf.109 tag nrho cov hlau monoplane. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Bf.109, cov khoom lag luam uas pib xyoo 1937, yog thawj zaug "nyoos" thiab ua kom lub dav hlau ntawm Bf.109В / С / D hloov kho tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb hla B.534, ua tsis tau zoo hauv kev tswj hwm. Lwm tus neeg tua neeg German: He-51 thiab Ar-68-tau qis dua B.534 hais txog kev ya dav hlau thiab riam phom. Txawm hais tias kwv yees li ob npaug tus lej zoo dua, German lub dav hlau tua rog tsis muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lawv lub tsheb. Czechoslovak Air Force xyoo 1938 yog tus yeeb ncuab muaj zog, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv dag zog ntau los kov yeej lawv.
Czech B.534 cov neeg tua rog raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg German tau ua haujlwm feem ntau yog kev qhia dav hlau. Xyoo 1940, ntau qhov kev ntes biplanes tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv kev cob qhia cov neeg tua hluav taws, nruab nrog tsaws tsaws thiab khoom siv rau kev tshem tawm ntawm catapults. Txog li ob xyoos, cov kws tsav dav hlau German tau kawm txog lawv, npaj ya los ntawm lub nkoj ntawm lub dav hlau thauj khoom Graf Zeppelin. Txog thaum xyoo 1943, B.534 tau ua haujlwm hauv chav sib ntaus ntawm Luftwaffe. Lawv tau siv feem ntau yog rub lub dav hlau thiab qee zaum rau kev tawm tsam hauv av. Slovak B.534s nyob rau xyoo 1941 tau nrog German cov foob pob nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1942, ob peb tus muaj txoj sia nyob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau raug xaiv los tawm tsam cov neeg koom nrog.
Ntau yam muaj txiaj ntsig ntau, Cov neeg German siv ntes Czechoslovak tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom tshuab thiab rab phom. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Czechoslovakia thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau txais ntau dua 7,000 ZB-26 thiab ZB-30 rab phom tshuab.
ZB-26 lub tshuab phom tshuab, tsim los ntawm tus tsim qauv Vaclav Cholek, tau saws hauv xyoo 1926. Txij thaum pib los, riam phom siv lub tshuab German 7, 92 × 57 mm, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov kev xaiv xa tawm tau tshwm rau lwm cov mos txwv. Kev siv lub tshuab rab phom ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov hmoov av los ntawm lub qhov, uas cov chav roj nrog tus tswj hwm nyob hauv qab lub thoob nyob rau ntawm nws. Lub thoob tau xauv los ntawm ntswj ntsia liaj qhov rooj hauv lub dav hlau ntsug. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm tau tso cai tua ib zaug thiab tawg. Nrog qhov ntev ntawm 1165 mm, qhov hnyav ntawm ZB-26 yam tsis muaj daim cartridges yog 8, 9 kg. Cov zaub mov tau nqa los ntawm ib lub thawv ntawv xov xwm rau 20 puag ncig, ntxig los saum toj no. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 600 rds / min, tab sis vim yog siv phau ntawv me me muaj peev xwm, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws tsis tshaj 100 rds / min.
ZB-26 rab phom tshuab rab phom thiab nws kev hloov kho tom qab ZB-30 tau tsim lawv tus kheej los ua riam phom uas ntseeg tau thiab tsis txaus ntseeg. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias ZB-26 tau xub tsim los ua phau ntawv qhia, nws feem ntau tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab thiab teeb lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau siv lub tshuab rab phom nrog cov dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau siv hauv SS pab tub rog thiab cov koomhaum Slovak uas tau tawm tsam ntawm ib sab ntawm cov neeg German. Czech-ua lub tshuab rab phom, vim tias tus nqi qis ntawm cov hluav taws thiab cov ntawv xov xwm rau 20 puag ncig, tig los ua qhov tsis zoo rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua, tab sis lawv qhov txiaj ntsig loj yog lawv qhov hnyav thiab ntseeg tau.
Tom qab kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg German muaj ntau dua 7,000 ZB-26 thiab ZB-30 phom phom ntawm lawv qhov kev pov tseg. Czech lub tshuab rab phom hauv cov tub rog ntawm Peb Reich tau xaiv MG.26 (t) thiab MG.30 (t). Kev tsim cov tshuab phom tshuab ntawm Zbrojovka Brno kev lag luam txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1942. MG.26 (t) thiab MG.30 (t) feem ntau yog siv los ntawm German txoj haujlwm, kev ruaj ntseg thiab tub ceev xwm, nrog rau Waffen-SS tsim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov tub rog German tau txais 31,204 Czech lub tshuab phom phom. Thaum muaj lub teeb pom kev tiv thaiv dav hlau, ZB-26 thiab ZB-30 lub tshuab phom phom tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dav hlau riam phom rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas ua rau muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm sab xub ntiag hauv kev tiv thaiv.
Tsis muaj koob meej tsawg dua li lub tshuab rab phom tau txais ZB-53 lub tshuab phom hnyav. Qhov riam phom no kuj tau tsim los ntawm Vaclav Cholek hauv qab daim cartridge 7, 92 × 57 mm. Kev lees paub raug cai ntawm ZB-53 rau hauv kev pabcuam tau tshwm sim xyoo 1937. Kev siv lub tshuab phom tshuab ua haujlwm los ntawm kev hloov ib feem ntawm cov hmoov av los ntawm ib sab qhov ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub thoob. Lub thoob ntim tau raug xauv los ntawm kev ntswj ntsia liaj qhov rooj hauv lub dav hlau ntsug. Yog tias ua kom sov dhau, lub thoob tuaj yeem hloov tau. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub tshuab rab phom nrog lub tshuab yog 39.6 kg, ntev - 1096 mm. Txog kev tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws, lub tshuab rab phom tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov tig ntawm lub qhov rooj zawv zawg folding ntawm lub tshuab. Cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau suav nrog lub ntsej muag pom thiab pom tom qab. Txog kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua, lub tshuab rab phom muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm 500 txog 800 rds / min. Vim tias qhov hnyav me me rau rab phom tshuab hnyav, ua haujlwm tau zoo, ntseeg tau zoo thiab raug qhov tseeb ntawm kev tua, ZB-53 tau nrov ntawm cov tub rog.
Hauv kev ua tub rog ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, ZB-53 raug hu ua MG.37 (t). Ntxiv rau Wehrmacht thiab SS pab tub rog, rab phom Czech tau siv dav hauv cov tub rog ntawm Slovakia thiab Romania. Kev hais kom German tag nrho tau txaus siab nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom tshuab, tab sis raws li qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim qauv sib dua thiab pheej yig dua, thiab thaum tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua, nqa tus nqi mus rau 1350 rds / min. Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Zbrojovka Brno kev lag luam, raws li cov kev xav tau no, tsim ntau qhov qauv, tab sis tom qab kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tsim ZB-53 xyoo 1944, nws qhov kev txhim kho tau nres. Txawm hais tias ZB-53 tau tsim nyog suav tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws phom tshuab hnyav hauv ntiaj teb, kev siv zog ua haujlwm siab dhau los ntawm kev tsim khoom, kev siv hlau thiab tus nqi siab raug yuam kom cov neeg German tso tseg qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam thiab rov ua dua cov riam phom hauv Brno tso MG.42. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm German Ministry of Armaments tau txais 12,672 Czech-ua phom tshuab hnyav.
Lub teeb phom loj thiab rab phom tshuab hnyav tau teeb ntawm lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau ntawm qhov deb txog li 500 m. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov nce hauv kev ya dav hlau thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus, muaj zog tiv thaiv ntau dua -Yuav tsum muaj riam phom dav hlau yav tom ntej. Tsis ntev ua ntej kev tshem tawm thiab ua haujlwm ntawm Czechoslovakia, tau siv lub tshuab rab phom loj 15 mm ZB-60. Kev tsim khoom qis 15 mm ntawm rab phom tshuab ntawm enterprisekoda kev lag luam pib xyoo 1937. Qhov riam phom no tau xub tsim los ua riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, tab sis tom qab tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab siv lub thoob log, nws muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua.
Cov cuab yeej thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tsis zoo tau zoo ib yam li 7, 92-mm tshuab rab phom ZB-53, tab sis qhov hluav taws kub tau qis dua-420-430 rds / min. Txhawm rau tua 15-mm BESA rab phom tshuab, nws siv 25-txoj siv sia, uas txwv nws qhov kev siv hluav taws. Lub cev hnyav ntawm ZB-60 rab phom tshuab yam tsis muaj lub tshuab siv tshuab thiab mos txwv yog li 60 kg. Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom ntawm lub tshuab dav dav tshaj 100 kg. Ntev - 2020 hli. Thawj daim cartridge 15 × 104 mm nrog lub qhov ncauj lub zog kwv yees li 31 kJ tau siv rau kev tua. Qhov nrawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub mos txwv uas hnyav 75 g yog 895 m / s - qhov no tau muab qhov ntev tua ncaj qha thiab kev nkag tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej. Cov mos txwv ZB-60 tuaj yeem suav nrog cov mos txwv: nrog qhov zoo ib yam, cov cuab yeej siv phom thiab cov mos txwv tawg.
Tau ntev, Cov tub rog Czech cov tub ceev xwm tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb lawv puas xav tau cov riam phom no. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tsim cov phom ntev 15 mm tom qab kev sim ntau thiab kev hloov pauv tau ua tsuas yog thaum Lub Yim Hli 1938. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej kev ua haujlwm German, tsuas yog ob peb lub kaum os 15-mm tshuab rab phom tau tsim rau lawv tus kheej xav tau. Tsis pub ntau tshaj ib puas ZB-60s tau sib sau ua ntej 1941 ntawm enterprisekoda kev lag luam, uas, twb nyob hauv kev tswj hwm German, los ua lub npe hu ua Hermann-Göring-Werke. Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg German tseem tau ntes tus lej Askiv 15mm BESA tshuab rab phom, uas yog daim ntawv tso cai ZB-60. Vim tias qhov tsawg ntawm cov mos txwv rau ntes 15-mm tshuab rab phom, thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kev tsim cov 15-mm cartridges tau tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab tswj hwm los ntawm cov neeg German. Hauv qhov no, tib lub mos txwv tau siv rau MG.151 / 15 lub dav hlau phom tshuab. Txoj hauv kev no ua rau nws ua tau, ua tsaug rau kev sib koom ua ke ib nrab, txhawm rau txo nqi hauv kev tsim cov mos txwv. Txij li cov lus German 15mm cov mos txwv muaj txoj siv sia, tsim tau lawv yog cov plhaub.
Cov phom tshuab tau siv los ntawm ib feem ntawm SS, tiv thaiv dav hlau phom ntawm Luftwaffe thiab Kringsmarine. Hauv cov ntawv German, riam phom no hu ua MG.38 (t). Qhov tsis kam ua txuas ntxiv rau 15-mm tshuab rab phom tau piav qhia los ntawm lawv tus nqi siab thiab lub siab xav tso cov peev txheej tsim tawm rau riam phom tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim qauv German. Ib qho ntxiv, ZB-60 muaj lub tshuab tsis ua haujlwm zoo, uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg qis thaum ua hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau, vim tias qhov ntev ntawm cov kab thaum tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua tau txwv rau 2-3 zaug. Txawm hais tias ZB-60 muaj lub peev xwm siab heev thiab hauv nws cov yam ntxwv piv rau Soviet 14, 5-mm KPV tshuab rab phom, tau txais tom qab ua tsov rog, vim qhov kev txaus siab ntawm pab tub rog German nrog 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab tus nqi siab ntawm kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kev tsim khoom ntxiv ntawm 15 -hli tshuab rab phom tsis kam.
Thawj rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau me me tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv pab tub rog ntawm Czechoslovakia xyoo 1919 ", 47 20-mm Becker cannons (raws li Czechoslovak cov lus siv-" tshuab rab phom loj ") thiab ntau dua 250 txhiab rab phom rau lawv tau yuav hauv Bavaria. Cov phom Becker yuav tsum tau siv los ua kev tiv thaiv huab cua rau cov tub rog, tab sis tsis muaj zog 20x70 mm mos txwv nrog qhov pib ua haujlwm ceev ntawm kwv yees li 500 m / s txwv qhov kev tua tau zoo. Cov zaub mov tau muab los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm tshem tawm tau rau 12 lub plhaub. Nrog qhov ntev ntawm 1370 mm, lub cev hnyav ntawm 20 mm rab phom tsuas yog 30 kg, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce nws ntawm lub teeb pom kev tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txawm hais tias los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1930, Becker rab phom tsis muaj kev cia siab dhau los, raws li lub Peb Hlis 1939 muaj 29 yam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Czechoslovakia. Lawv tau npaj los siv rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm kev hla. Tom qab ntawd, lawv txhua tus tau mus rau Slovakia.
Ntxiv rau Becker lub phom, cov tub rog Czechoslovak muaj ntau dua 200 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2cm VKPL vz. 36 (2-cm hnyav tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom tshuab mod. 36). Qhov phom loj 20-hli tsis siv neeg no tau tsim los ntawm Swiss lub tuam txhab "Oerlikon" hauv xyoo 1927 los ntawm 20-mm "Becker cannon". Hauv tebchaws Switzerland, riam phom muaj lub npe hu ua Oerlikon S. Lub tshuab rab phom 20 -mm tau tsim los rau ntawm 20 × 110 hli, nrog rau thawj qhov nrawm ntawm qhov projectile uas hnyav 117 g - 830 m / s. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm - 15 txhaj tshuaj. Tus nqi hluav taws - 450 rds / min. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws - 120 rds / min. Hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm "Oerlikon" lub tuam txhab nws tau qhia tias qhov siab nce mus txog 3 km, hauv thaj tsam - 4,4 km. Qhov cuam tshuam tiag tiag yog kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm qhov loj me. Ntsug taw qhia kaum: -8 ° txog + 75 °. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev siv yam tsis muaj lub tshuab yog li 70 kg. Qhov hnyav nyob hauv txoj haujlwm thauj - 295 kg. Muab xam los ntawm 7 tus neeg.
Thawj pawg ntawm 12 qhov kev txhim kho Oerlikons tau yuav hauv xyoo 1934. Txog rau lub Cuaj Hli 1938, muaj 227 VKPL vz. 36, 58 ntau chav nyob hauv Tshuag. Tag nrho ntawm 424 20-mm phom ntev yuav tsum tau yuav.
Muaj 2cm VKPL vz. 36 tau raug coj mus rau 16 lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv huab cua. Lub 20mm "phom tshuab hnyav" tau xa mus rau "Ceev" (Tsav Tsheb) sib faib thiab thauj tom qab ntawm ob-tuj Tatra T82 cov tsheb thauj khoom. Tom qab tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw tua, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau xa mus rau hauv av los ntawm cov neeg coob. Lub hauv paus tshwj xeeb tau teeb tsa ntawm lub platform Tatra T85 plaub-tuj tsheb, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem tua hluav taws yam tsis tau rhuav tshem kev teeb tsa. Yog li, hauv Czechoslovakia, nws yog thawj SPAAG, haum rau kev thauj cov tsheb thauj mus los.
20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2cm VKPL vz. 36 tsuas yog kev tiv thaiv huab cua niaj hnub me me ntawm cov tub rog Czechoslovak, daim ntawv tso cai rau 40-mm Bofors L60 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tshaj tawm, tab sis kev xa khoom tau pib tsuas yog xyoo 1939. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, Wehrmacht tau txais 165 2cm VKPL vz. 36, lwm 62 "tau txais" pab tub rog Slovak. Cannons VKPL vwm. 36 tau koom ua ke hauv cov mos txwv nrog German Flak 28, thiab lawv tau siv feem ntau rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm tshav dav hlau. Txawm hais tias muaj cov niaj hnub zoo dua 20-mm Flak 38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, kev ua haujlwm ntawm 2cm VKPL vz. 36 tau kav ntev txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua siab phem. Qhov kawg 20-mm Swiss-ua cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tso tseg hauv Czechoslovakia xyoo 1951.
Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Czech koom pheej tau dhau los ua riam phom tiag rau lub tebchaws Yelemes. Txog rau Lub Rau Hli 1941, yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm pawg German tau nruab nrog Czech riam phom. Muaj kev koom nrog Czech koom pheej, cov neeg German tau txais cov peev txheej tsim khoom loj ntawm kev lag luam hnyav, ua tsaug uas lawv tau nce ob npaug ntawm kev tsim khoom siv tub rog thiab riam phom. Ntxiv rau, cov chaw tshiab no tau nyob tob hauv European sab av loj thiab, tsis zoo li Ruhr, kom txog thaum xyoo 1943 muaj kev nyab xeeb tiv thaiv huab cua los ntawm Great Britain. Txog thaum Lub Peb Hlis 15, 1939, Czech kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb yog kev lag luam hnyav, ua haujlwm kwv yees li 30% ntawm nws lub peev xwm - xaj rau nws cov khoom lag luam me me thiab tsis tu ncua. Nkag mus rau hauv Reich ua pa lub zog tshiab rau hauv txhua lub tebchaws Czech - cov xaj xaj tawm zoo li yog los ntawm pob kws pob kws. Ntawm cov tuam txhab BMM, Tatra thiab Skoda, tso tsheb hlau luam, phom tua tus kheej, cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv phom, cov phom loj, tsheb laij teb thiab tsheb thauj khoom tau sib sau ua ke rau pab tub rog German. Avia cog tsim cov khoom siv rau kev sib dhos ntawm Messerschmitt Bf 109G cov neeg tua rog. Ob txhais tes ntawm Czechs tau sau plaub ntawm tag nrho cov tso tsheb hlau luam German thiab rab phom tua tus kheej, 20 feem pua ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab 40 feem pua ntawm cov caj npab me me ntawm pab tub rog German. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, thaum pib xyoo 1944, Czech kev lag luam nyob rau nruab nrab txhua lub hlis muab rau Peb Reich nrog txog 100 tus kheej rab phom rab phom, 140 phom mos txwv, 180 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Hauv Czech tsim tsev haujlwm thiab chaw kuaj mob rau cov tub rog German thaum lub sijhawm ua rog, kev tsim qauv tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab riam phom tau ua tiav. Ntxiv rau qhov paub zoo lub tank rhuav tshem Hetzer (Jagdpanzer 38), ntawm lub chassis ntawm PzKpfw 38 (t) (LT vz. 38) tank, tsev neeg ntawm ZSUs nrog 20-30 hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim thiab ua ntu zus ua Tus qauv ntawm Flakpanzer 38 (t) tus kheej-propelled phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm BMM cov kws tshaj lij, thiab nkag mus sim thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1943.
ZSU Flakpanzer 38 tau teeb tsa nrog qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw sib kis tau nyob rau sab xub ntiag ntawm lub hull, qhov tswj chaw nyob tom qab nws, lub cav cav nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hull thiab chav sib ntaus sib tua hauv qab. Lub tsev log ruaj khov, qhib los ntawm saum toj no, tau nyob hauv qab ntawm lub hull, nws cov phab ntsa tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm 10-hli daim hlau thaiv daim hlau thiab muab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov mos txwv thiab rab phom. Cov ntu sab saud ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub log tsheb tau thim rov qab, uas tau muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dawb rau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tsis siv neeg. ZSU cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj plaub tus neeg. Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 20-mm tau muab tso rau hauv pem teb ntawm chav sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tus ncej ncej nrog kev sib hloov ncig thiab kev taw qhia ntsug hauv thaj tsam ntawm -5 … + 90 °. Cov mos txwv yog 1040 kev sib sau ua ke hauv khw muag khoom ntawm 20 daim. Tus nqi hluav taws Flak 38 - 420-480 rds / min. Kev tua ntau ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua yog nce txog 2200 m. Lub cav carburetor nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 150 hp. ntawm txoj kev loj, nws tau nrawm tsheb taug qab uas hnyav 9800 kg hauv kev sib ntaus - mus txog 42 km / h. Kev caij nkoj hauv khw rau qhov av ntxhib - kwv yees li 150 km.
ZSU Flakpanzer 38 (t) tau tsim cov khoom lag luam txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1943 txog Lub Ob Hlis 1944. Tag nrho 141 rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau tsim los. ZSU Flakpanzer 38 (t) tau raug xa mus rau tiv thaiv dav hlau platoons (4 kev teeb tsa) ntawm cov tub rog rog. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1945, ntawm ntau lub Flakpanzer 38 (t) tiv thaiv dav hlau tso tsheb hlau luam, 20-mm 2, 0 cm Flak 38 cannon tau hloov los ntawm 30-mm 3, 0 cm Flak 103 / 38. Tsawg kawg ob lub tsheb zoo li lub Tsib Hlis Xyoo 1945 koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm thaj chaw Czechoslovakia thiab raug ntes los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog. Sab nrauv, lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog 30-hli lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshuab, tsim los ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws MK.103, yuav luag tsis txawv ntawm qhov ua ntu zus Flakpanzer 38 (t) ZSU.
Los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Kriegsmarine, ntawm Waffenwerke Brünn kev lag luam (raws li Zbrojovka Brno tau raug hu thaum lub xyoo ua haujlwm), 30-hli ntxaib phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim los rau kev siv phom submarines thiab cov nkoj me me.
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1944, kev tsim cov phom tua phom loj 3.0 cm MK 303 (Br), tseem hu ua 3.0 cm Flakzwilling MK 303 (Br), tau pib. Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab muaj lub kaw lus muab cov mos txwv los ntawm khw muag khoom rau 10 lub foob pob, nrog rau qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm ob lub thoob mus txog 900 rds / min. Piv rau German 30-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 3.0 cm Flak 103/38, kev tsim ntxaib tsim hauv Czech koom pheej muaj lub thoob ntev dua, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm qhov projectile mus rau 900 m / s thiab nqa qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm hluav taws tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj huab cua mus rau 3000 m. Txawm hais tias thawj zaug ua khub 30-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau npaj rau kev teeb tsa ntawm kev ua tub rog, feem ntau ntawm 3.0 cm Flakzwilling MK 303 (Br) tau siv rau hauv av raws txoj haujlwm nyob ruaj khov. Ua ntej kev swb ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes, ntau dua 220 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 3.0 cm MK 303 (Br) tau xa mus rau cov tub rog.
Xyoo 1937, Skoda lub tuam txhab muab tub rog 47-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom 4.7 cm kanon PL vz. 37, raws li P. U. V. vz xov. 36. Cov phom loj nrog lub raj ntev 2040 mm raug rho tawm nrog cov khoom tawg-tracer projectile hnyav 1, 6 kg nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 780 m / s. Qhov siab nce mus txog 6000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 20 rds / min. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov hluav taws kub ncig thiab ruaj ntseg zoo dua, rab phom muaj plaub qhov kev txhawb nqa, lub qag ntawm lub log tau ua ob qhov kev txhawb nqa, thiab ob qho ntxiv tso rau ntawm lub tsho. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw tua yog kwv yees li 1 tuj.
Phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 47-hli, vim tias tus nqi qis dua, tsis txaus siab rau tub rog Czechoslovak, uas nyiam 40-mm Bofors L60 phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau. Tab sis tom qab kev tsim khoom loj pib ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Yugoslavia, ib qho me me ntawm 4.7 cm kanon PL vz. 37 tseem tau xaus rau hauv kev ua tub rog ntawm Czechoslovakia. Hauv pab tub rog German, rab phom no hu ua 4.7cm FlaK 37 (t) thiab tau siv los tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv. Xyoo 1938, Skoda lub tuam txhab tau sim rab phom 47-mm tsis siv neeg, tab sis tom qab kev ua haujlwm German, kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia no raug txwv.
Hauv thawj xyoo tom qab tsim cov tub rog hauv tebchaws hauv tebchaws Czechoslovakia, Austro-Hungarian 76.5 hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 8cm Luftfahrzeugabwehr-Kanone M.5 / 8 MP tau siv. Cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau no tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom ntawm Skoda lub tuam txhab los ntawm kev siv rab phom ntawm M 1905/08 phom phom rau ntawm tus ncej. Cov phom ntawm rab phom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb rau qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - rau nws cov khoom siv tau siv "Tiele Bronze", tseem hu ua "steel -bronze". Lub thoob tau tsim los siv cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb: xuas nrig ntawm lub taub me me loj dua li lub thoob nws tus kheej tau ua tiav los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj cov av ua kom sib zog thiab sib zog ntawm cov hlau, thiab nws cov txheej sab hauv tau ua kom muaj zog dua. Ib lub thoob tsis tau tso cai siv qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom (vim nws lub zog qis dua piv rau cov hlau), tab sis nws tsis xeb thiab tawg, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws raug nqi ntau dua. Lub thoob tau ntev 30 calibers. Cov cuab yeej thim rov qab muaj xws li nres lub tog raj kheej hydraulic thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.
Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau hnyav 2470 kg thiab muaj hluav taws sib tua ib puag ncig, thiab lub kaum sab xis lub hom phiaj sib txawv ntawm -10 ° txog + 80 °. Kev tua ntau yam ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua - mus txog 3600 m. Tus nqi hluav taws 7-9 rds / min. Txog kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua, tau siv lub foob pob tawg, uas hnyav 6, 68 kg, thiab muaj qhov pib nrawm ntawm 500 m / s. Nws tau ntim nrog 316 lub mos txwv uas hnyav 9 g thiab 13 g. Thaum pib, rab phom tsis muaj lub laub thauj khoom thiab tau npaj rau siv hauv cov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Xyoo 1923, plaub lub log tsheb tau tsim los rau phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo lub sijhawm rau kev hloov pauv txoj haujlwm. Kev sim ua kom niaj hnub rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tsis muaj hnub kawg, tsim los ntawm kev siv phom tua phom tsim xyoo 1905, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau. Txog xyoo 1924, 3 lub roj teeb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub tshuab niaj hnub 76.5-mm tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, tab sis qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua cov foob pob tawg nrog lub zog pib ua ntej tseem qis. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob ruaj ruaj thiab txawb phom tiv thaiv dav hlau M.5 / 8 tseem siv tau txog thaum 1939. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias tom qab cov phom no tau siv los ntawm cov neeg German nyob hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm "phab ntsa Atlantic".
Tom qab ntawd, txij xyoo 1928 txog 1933, qhov txwv tsawg ntawm 8cm Kanon PL vz. 33 (Skoda 76.5 mm L / 50) nrog cov kav hlau ntev thiab txhim kho cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Kev tua tau nqa tawm nrog lub foob pob tawg uas hnyav 6.5 kg, nrog rau qhov pib ceev ntawm 808 m / s. Tus nqi hluav taws - 10-12 rds / min. Mus txog qhov siab - 8300 m. Qhov taw qhia kaum - los ntawm 0 txog + 85 °. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog 2480 kg.
Tsis zoo li cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, kev tswj hluav taws ntawm lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub roj teeb tau ua tiav hauv nruab nrab siv lub khoos phis tawj tshawb pom thiab PUAZO. Xyoo 1939, Cov Neeg German tau txais 12 rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe 7, 65 cm Flak 33 (t).
Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1930s, Skoda lub tuam txhab tau sim txhawm rau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 76.5-mm. Xyoo 1937, tom qab kev lees paub raug lees paub rau hauv kev pabcuam, kev tsim khoom ntawm 8cm Kanon PL vz. 37.
Nws yog rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau niaj hnub no nrog lub ntsej muag zoo li lub ntsej muag breechblock, sib cais los ntawm lub log tsheb. Piv rau Kanon PL vz. 33 chim ntev tau nce los ntawm 215 mm. Hauv txoj haujlwm tua, nws tau dai rau ntawm lub tsho ntawm plaub qhov kev txhawb nqa swb. Lub log mus los tau tshwm sim. Txog kev tua, tau siv lub foob pob tawg tawg, tsim rau 8cm Kanon PL vz. 33. Tus nqi hluav taws 12-15 rds / min. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov hluav taws tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj huab cua yog 11,400 m. Cov lus qhia ntsug yog los ntawm 0 txog + 85 °. Nyob rau lub sijhawm txij lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1937 txog rau Lub Peb Hlis 1939, 97 76, 5-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 8cm Kanon PL vz. 37. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau sib faib ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes thiab Slovakia. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, cov phom no tau xaiv 7.65cm Flak 37 (t).
Ib txhij nrog 76.5 mm Skoda 76.5 mm L / 52 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, 75 mm 7.5 cm kanon PL vz. 37, uas siv 75 x 656mm R puag ncig nrog 6.5 kg tawg tawg tawg uas tawm ntawm lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 775 m / s. Kev nce mus txog ntsug yog 9200 m. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 12-15 rds / min. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog 2800 kg, hauv qhov chaw khaws cia - 4150 kg.
Pom tau tias, 75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, tsim ua ke nrog 76.5-mm Skoda 76.5 mm L / 52 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, tau npaj rau kev xa tawm. Sab nrauv, ob lub tshuab rab phom loj no zoo sib xws, lawv tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Cov phom ntawm 75-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau xaus nrog lub qhov ncauj nres ntawm tus yam ntxwv zoo.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75 hli tau xa mus rau Argentina, Lithuania, Romania thiab Yugoslavia. Cov neeg German tswj hwm kom ntes 90 75-hli Czech phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Ib feem, lawv tau pauv mus rau Ltalis thiab Finland. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, lawv raug xa mus rau 7, 5 cm Flak M 37 (t). Raws li lub Cuaj Hli 1944, muaj 12 rab phom zoo li no nyob hauv chav tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm Luftwaffe.
Xyoo 1922, kev sim tub rog ntawm 83.5-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau pib. Xyoo 1923, nws tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe 8.35 cm PL kanon vz. 22. Cov phom hnyav 8,800 kg tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim khoom ntawm Skoda lub tuam txhab raws li qhov muaj peev xwm raug rub los ntawm pab pawg nees uas muaj qhov nce siab tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem sib cav tau tias thaum ntxov xyoo 1920, Czech cov kws tsim khoom tau tswj hwm los tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws chav kawm.
Rau kev tua, raws li kev paub siv phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau 76, 5-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom 8cm Luftfahrzeugabwehr-Kanone M.5 / 8 MP, tua 83, 5x677mm R tau tsim nrog 10 kg fragmentation grenade nruab nrog lub chaw taws teeb fuse. Qhov projectile tawm ntawm lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 4.6 m nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 800 m / s. Qhov ntawd ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsoo lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov siab ntawm 11,000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 12 rds / min. Ntsug taw qhia kaum - ntawm 0 txog + 85 °. Muab xam los ntawm 11 tus neeg.
Cov tub rog Czechoslovak tau xaj 144 rab phom, nrog rau cov khoom seem. Qhov kev xaj tau ua tiav hauv xyoo 1933, tom qab ntawd rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 83.5 mm tau pib muab rau kev xa tawm. Tsuas yog tus neeg yuav khoom txawv teb chaws yog Yugoslavia, uas, pom tseeb, tau cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi siab ntawm kev tsim phom.
Hauv nruab nrab-1930s, nws tau pom meej tias 8.35 cm PL kanon vz. 22 tsis ua tiav raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no. Cov tub rog tsis txaus siab nrog kev nrawm ntawm kev thauj mus los, vim yog tus nees rub lub zog thiab 1, 3 m lub log tsis sib tsoo nrog cov hlau hlau. Hauv kev txuas nrog kev nce hauv kev ya dav hlau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau, kev txhim kho kuj tseem xav tau los ntawm txoj kev tswj hwm lub roj teeb tiv thaiv dav hlau. Xyoo 1937, tau ntsuas ntau qhov los txhawm rau txhim kho kev siv phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 83.5 hli. Thaum pov tseg cov thawj coj ntawm cov phom, cov xov tooj tau tshwm sim, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ya dav hlau, nrawm thiab chav kawm ntawm lub hom phiaj tuaj yeem xa mus. Ib qho kev txhim kho kho qhov muag pom tau tshaj tawm tau tshaj tawm rau hauv roj teeb tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txhua lub roj teeb muaj 4 phom. Kev teeb tsa lub teeb pom kev thiab cov lus qhia nrhiav lub suab tau txuas rau ob lossis peb lub roj teeb uas tau teeb tsa nyob ze ib leeg.
Hauv tebchaws Czechoslovakia, tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau qib kev qhia txog kev tua phom dav hlau. Xyoo 1927, tom qab kev pom zoo ntawm kev pom zoo nrog Yugoslavia, kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim hauv Bay of Kotor. Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tua ntawm lub khob uas rub los ntawm Letov S.328 biplanes. Txog thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 1938, 83.5-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Czechoslovakia. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Czechoslovak pab tub rog muaj plaub lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau nruab nrog 8.35 cm PL kanon vz. 22.
Tom qab kev ua haujlwm, Wehrmacht tau txais 11983.5-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab yuav luag 315 txhiab lub foob pob, lwm qhov 2583.5-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau thim rov qab rau Slovakia. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, rab phom tau xaiv 8.35 cm Flak 22 (t). Cov peev txheej hauv tebchaws Czech tau lees tias thawj zaug cov neeg German tau siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tawm tsam Fab Kis bunkers ntawm Kab Maginot. Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, 83.5 hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau siv dav hauv tebchaws Poland, Czech koom pheej thiab Austria. Kaum thiab ib nrab poob rau hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm "Atlantic Wall", qhov uas lawv tuaj yeem tua tsis tau ntawm lub dav hlau nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem nyob hauv nkoj. Xyoo 1944, Czech cov chaw ua haujlwm tau tua tus lej ntawm 83, 5-mm puag ncig nruab nrog cov cuab yeej ua kom tawg, raws li qhov nws tuaj yeem xav tias cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm Czechoslovak tau siv tawm tsam Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam.
Txhawm rau siv hauv txoj haujlwm nyob ruaj khov, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 90-hli 9cm PL kanon vz. 12/20. Thaum pib, Skoda Model 1912 cov khoom lag luam tau tsim los ntawm kev xaj ntawm Austro-Hungarian Navy ua tus pab cuam rau cov neeg caij nkoj. Xyoo 1919, yim rab phom 90mm nqa los ntawm cov chaw khaws khoom tau muab tso rau hauv txoj haujlwm raws tus dej Danube. Thawj theem, lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tawm tsam kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas Hungarian, thiab kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab huab cua tau pom tias yog haujlwm thib ob. Txij li cov phom muaj zog txaus, nws tau txiav txim siab los kho lawv niaj hnub no. Xyoo 1920, kev tsim khoom me me ntawm 90-mm cov phom loj nrog kev pom zoo dua thiab lub hom phiaj tsav pib. Ib qho tawg tshiab tawg tawg nrog lub fuse nyob deb kuj tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam. Kaum ob tshiab tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 9cm PL kanon vz. 12/20 nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog 151st peb lub roj teeb tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau. Tom qab ntawd, nws suav nrog kev tsim khoom yav dhau los thiab hloov kho rab phom 90-mm, nrog rau plaub qhov nyob ruaj ruaj 8cm Luftfahrzeugabwehr-Kanone M.5 / 8 M. P.
Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom 9cm PL kanon vz. 12/20 hauv qhov chaw tua yog 6500 kg. Ntev ntev - 4050 hli. Ntsug taw qhia kaum - los ntawm -5 txog + 90 °. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile - 10, 2 kg. Thawj qhov nrawm yog 770 m / s. Mus txog qhov siab - 6500 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - 10 rds / min. Suav - 7 tus neeg.
Txawm hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm 90-mm nyob ruaj ruaj phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Czechoslovakia me me, lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev sim uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los sau cov kev paub tsim nyog thiab ua haujlwm tawm tsam tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws cov txheej txheem, uas, nyeg, yog coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau niaj hnub no. Rau nws lub sijhawm, 9cm PL kanon vz. 12/20 yog cov muaj hwj chim tshaj plaws, tab sis thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1930s, 90-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau twb dhau lawm. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, Cov Neeg German tau txais kaum ob rab phom 90-mm thiab ntau dua 26 txhiab lub foob pob. Txog thaum qee lub ntsiab lus, lawv tau khaws cia hauv cov chaw khaws khoom, tab sis vim qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1943, cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau rov muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm raws li lub npe 9cm Flak M 12 (t).
