Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts

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Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts
Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts

Video: Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts

Video: Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts
Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Soviet 122-mm self-propelled artillery mounts

Hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, ntau ntau kaum 75-mm Sturmgeschütz III (StuG III) cov phom tua tus kheej yog ntawm cov yeej ntawm pab tub rog liab. Thaum tsis muaj lawv tus kheej rab phom, tau ntes StuG IIIs tau nquag siv hauv Pab Pawg Liab raws li lub npe SU-75. German "kev siv phom loj" muaj kev sib ntaus zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo hauv qhov kev kwv yees pem hauv ntej, tau nruab nrog cov kho qhov muag zoo thiab muaj riam phom txaus siab.

Thawj daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm kev siv StuG III los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet hnub rov qab rau Lub Xya Hli 1941. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm Kiev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, Red Army tswj kom ntes ob rab phom uas siv rau tus kheej.

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Tom qab ntawd, qee qhov raug ntes "rab phom loj" xav tau kev kho vaj tsev raug hloov pauv mus rau hauv SU-76I rab phom uas siv rau tus kheej, thiab cov tsheb siv tau siv hauv lawv daim ntawv qub. Qee qhov SPGs ntawm StuG III Ausf. F and StuG III Ausf. G, ua tub rog nrog rab phom ntev 75-mm thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm 80-mm frontal armor, tau ua haujlwm hauv Pab Pawg Liab txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog raws li lub nkoj rhuav tshem.

Los ntawm nruab nrab xyoo 1942, Soviet cov lus txib tau sau qee qhov kev paub hauv kev siv rab phom tua tus kheej thiab muaj lub tswv yim ntawm qhov "phom loj" yuav tsum yog, npaj rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj pom. Cov kws tshaj lij tau txiav txim siab tias qhov tawg tawg tawg ntau heev 75-76, 2-mm zoo li tsim nyog rau kev pab tua hluav taws rau cov tub rog, lawv muaj qhov ua kom tawg zoo rau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub zog uas tsis tau pom thiab tuaj yeem siv tau zoo los rhuav tshem lub zog tiv thaiv lub zog. Tab sis tiv thaiv cov peev txheej tiv thaiv thiab cov tsev cib tau hloov mus rau cov chaw tua hluav taws tas mus li, yuav tsum muaj rab phom tua tus kheej, nruab nrog cov phom loj dua. Piv rau 76, 2-mm projectile, howitzer 122-mm high-explosive fragmentation projectile muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj dua qub. Lub 122-mm projectile, uas hnyav 21.76 kg, muaj 3.67 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg piv rau 6.2 kg ntawm "peb-nti" projectile nrog 710 g ntawm qhov tawg. Kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm rab phom 122-mm tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau dua li ob peb zaug los ntawm rab phom "peb-nti".

Cov phom loj ntawm tus kheej-SG-122

Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv Soviet cov chaw khaws khoom ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv cov tub rog muaj cov lej tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntes StuG III cov phom tua tus kheej, thaum thawj theem nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim ACS ntawm lawv lub hauv paus, ua tub rog nrog 122-mm M -30 lub suab.

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Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsev log tsheb StuG III tau nrawm dhau los kom haum rau 122mm M-30 howitzer, thiab lub tsev log tshiab, loj dua yuav tsum tau rov tsim dua. Qhov chaw sib ntaus sib tua hauv tebchaws Soviet, uas muaj tsev nyob 4 tus neeg ua haujlwm, tau nce siab dua, nws lub hauv ntej muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv phom loj. Lub thickness ntawm lub tsho tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv ntej yog 45 hli, sab yog 35 hli, lub hauv siab yog 25 hli, lub ru tsev yog 20 hli. Rau kev hloov pauv, StuG III Ausf. C sau Ausf. D nrog 50 hli frontal hull armor, sab caj npab tuab yog 30 mm. Yog li, kev nyab xeeb ntawm rab phom tua tus kheej nyob rau pem hauv ntej qhov kwv yees kwv yees sib haum rau T-34 lub tank nruab nrab.

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Cov phom uas nws tus kheej tau txais lub npe SG-122, qee zaum kuj tseem muaj SG-122A ("Artshturm"). Kev tsim cov phom tua tus kheej ntawm StuG III lub chassis pib thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1942 ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj neeg khiav tawm ntawm Mytishchi Carriage Works No. 592. Nyob rau lub sijhawm txij lub Kaum Hli 1942 txog rau Lub Ib Hlis 1943, 21 rab phom uas siv rau tus kheej muab rau tub rog lees paub.

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Ib feem ntawm SG-122 tau xa mus rau cov chaw qhia siv rab phom loj rau tus kheej, ib lub tshuab tau npaj rau kev sim ntawm Gorokhovets kev qhia hauv av. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1943, 1435th tus kheej-propelled phom loj, uas muaj 9 SU-76s thiab 12 SG-122s, tau pauv mus rau 9th Panzer Corps ntawm 10th Army ntawm Sab Hnub Poob. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv me me txog kev siv kev sib ntaus ntawm SG-122. Nws tau paub tias nyob rau lub sijhawm txij li Lub Peb Hlis 6 txog Lub Peb Hlis 15, 1435th SAP, koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, poob tag nrho nws cov khoom siv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws thiab tawg thiab tau xa mus rau kev rov txhim kho. Thaum sib ntaus, kwv yees li 400 76, 2-mm thiab ntau dua 700 122-mm shells tau siv. Kev nqis tes ua ntawm 1435th SAP tau pab txhawb kev ntes cov zos ntawm Nizhnyaya Akimovka, Verkhnyaya Akimovka thiab Yasenok. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntxiv nrog rau cov ntsiab lus tua thiab phom tiv thaiv lub tank, ntau lub tank cov yeeb ncuab raug rhuav tshem.

Thaj, kev tawm tsam thawj zaug ntawm SG-122A tsis ua tiav zoo. Ntxiv nrog rau kev qhia tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm rab phom tua tus kheej tau cuam tshuam tsis zoo los ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov pom zoo thiab cov cuab yeej soj ntsuam. Vim tias qhov cua tsis zoo thaum lub sij hawm tua, muaj cov pa muaj kuab paug ntau ntau ntawm cov khoom sib dhos. Vim tias kev nruj ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau tus thawj coj, ob rab phom thiab tus neeg nqa khoom tau nyuaj. Cov kws tshaj lij kuj tau sau tseg tias muaj kev sib tsoo ntau dhau ntawm cov menyuam pem hauv ntej, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ntseeg tau ntawm lub chassis.

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Txog rau hnub tim, tsis yog thawj tus SG-122 SPG tau muaj txoj sia nyob. Daim ntawv teeb tsa hauv Verkhnyaya Pyshma yog tus qauv.

Cov cuab yeej siv phom loj ntawm tus kheej SU-122

Hauv kev txuas nrog qhov qhia tsis txaus ntawm SG-122 thiab tus lej tsawg ntawm StuG III lub cev, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim 122-mm tus kheej-propelled phom loj rau lub hauv paus ntawm T-34 tank. Lub phom SU-122 tus kheej-propelled phom tsis tshwm ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1941, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov tso tsheb hlau luam, qhov project T-34 tsis txaus ntseeg tau tsim nrog 76, 2-mm phom loj tau teeb tsa hauv lub log tsheb. Vim yog kev tso tseg ntawm lub turret tig, xws li lub tank yuav tsum tau yooj yim dua rau kev tsim khoom thiab muaj tuab dua cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej projection. Tom qab ntawd, cov kev txhim kho no tau siv los tsim rab phom 122-mm rau tus kheej.

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Hais txog qib kev nyab xeeb, SU-122 xyaum tsis txawv ntawm T-34. Cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj 5 tus neeg. Cov phom tua tus kheej tau ua tub rog nrog "hloov tus kheej" ntawm 122-mm howitzer mod. 1938 - М -30С, thaum tswj hwm tus yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom rub. Yog li, kev tso chaw ntawm kev tswj hwm rau cov phiaj xwm sib txawv ntawm ob sab ntawm lub thoob yuav tsum tau muaj ob rab phom nyob hauv pab pawg, uas, ntawm chav kawm, tsis ntxiv qhov chaw pub dawb hauv chav sib ntaus. Qhov ntau ntawm cov ces kaum nce los ntawm −3 ° txog + 25 °, txoj haujlwm tua kab rov tav yog ± 10 °. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tua yog 8000 meters. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hluav taws - txog li 2 rds / min. Cov mos txwv los ntawm 32 txog 40 puag ncig ntawm cais cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom, nyob ntawm seb cov koob tso tawm. Cov no feem ntau yog cov foob pob tawg tawg tawg tawg.

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Kev sim thaj tsam ntawm SU-122 tus qauv tau ua tiav thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1942. Txog rau thaum kawg ntawm 1942, 25 chav ua haujlwm tus kheej tau tsim. Qhov kawg ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 1943, thawj ob lub foob pob ua rog tiv thaiv tus kheej ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj txog ntawm pem hauv ntej ze Leningrad. SAP suav nrog 4 lub roj teeb ntawm lub phom tua tus kheej SU-76 (17 lub tsheb) thiab ob lub roj teeb SU-122 (8 lub tsheb). Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1943, ob lub foob pob hluav taws ntxiv rau tus kheej tau tsim thiab ua haujlwm. Cov kev coj ua no tau muab tso rau ntawm kev pov tseg ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov ntsej muag thiab tau siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd, kev cais cais ntawm cov tub rog tau pib ua, nruab nrog 76, 2- thiab 122-mm rab phom tua tus kheej. Raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm, SAP ntawm SU-122 muaj 16 rab phom tua tus kheej (4 lub roj teeb) thiab ib tus thawj coj T-34.

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Hauv cov chav ntawm cov tub rog nquag, SU-122 tau ntsib zoo dua li SU-76. Cov phom uas siv nws tus kheej, ua haujlwm nrog lub zog loj 122 mm howitzer, muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua thiab ua pov thawj kom ntseeg tau ntau dua hauv kev ua haujlwm.

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Hauv kev ua siab phem, daim ntawv thov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog siv SU-122 los txhawb nqa cov tub rog thiab cov tsheb loj thaum lawv nyob tom qab lawv ntawm 400-600 meters. Hauv kev ua txhaum los ntawm kev tiv thaiv yeeb ncuab, rab phom tua tus kheej nrog qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lawv cov phom tau ua los ntawm kev tua ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tua cov ntsiab lus, rhuav tshem cov teeb meem thiab cov teeb meem, thiab tseem tawm tsam kev tawm tsam.

Lub peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm SU-122 tau dhau los ua qhov qis. Txawm tias muaj nyob hauv cov mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm BP-460A qhov projectile nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nkag mus txog 160 hli tsis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tawm tsam nrog tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov sib npaug. Qhov projectile hnyav uas hnyav 13.4 kg tau pib ua ntej ntawm 335 m / s, thiab yog li ntawd qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua ncaj qha yog me ntsis ntau dua 300 m. ua haujlwm pab pawg ua haujlwm. Peb tus neeg tau koom nrog hauv rab phom ntawm lub hom phiaj. Tus neeg tsav tsheb tau kwv yees kwv yees lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev siv cov cuab yeej pom yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob daim hlau. Ntxiv mus, cov neeg tua phom nkag mus ua haujlwm, pabcuam cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ntsug thiab kab rov tav. Nrog tus nqi qis ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom sib cais, cov yeeb ncuab lub tank tuaj yeem teb nrog 2-3 txhaj tshuaj rau txhua lub hom phiaj tua ntawm SU-122. Lub 45-hli pem hauv ntej cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm Soviet tus kheej-propelled phom tau yooj yim nkag los ntawm 75- thiab 88-mm armor-tho lub plhaub, thiab kev sib tsoo ncaj qha ntawm SU-122 nrog German tso tsheb hlau luam tau txwv rau nws. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus: hauv cov xwm txheej no thaum SU-122 tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam pem hauv ntej nrog rau cov kab tso tsheb hlau luam, lawv ib txwm raug kev txom nyem hnyav.

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Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog rau kev siv cov tswv yim raug, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 122-mm siab-tawg tawg tawg zoo li tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv lub tsheb tau rov hais dua. Raws li cov lus ceeb toom ntawm cov tub rog German uas tau koom nrog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kursk, lawv tau rov sau dua cov xwm txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov tsheb loj Pz. VI Tsov raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tua nrog 122 hli howitzer lub foob pob.

Kev tsim cov SU-122 tau ua tiav thaum Lub Yim Hli 1943. Cov neeg sawv cev tub rog tau txais 636 lub tsheb. SU-122 nquag koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1943 thiab thawj lub hlis xyoo 1944. Raws li lawv cov lej tau poob qis vim yog cov neeg tsawg nyob hauv pab tub rog, kev txiav cov khoom loj thiab ntau yam poob, lawv raug tshem tawm ntawm SAP, uas tau rov nruab nrog SU-76M thiab SU-85. Twb tau nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1944, SU-122s tau dhau los ua cov tsheb tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv Soviet lub tsheb tiv thaiv cov tub rog, thiab tsuas yog ob peb rab phom tua tus kheej ntawm hom no tseem muaj sia nyob txog thaum kawg kev ua tsov rog.

Qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm SU-122 feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias ACS no muaj riam phom nrog 122-mm howitzer, uas tsis zoo heev rau rab phom tua tus kheej, feem ntau yog npaj rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj pom. M-30 kev faib tawm 122 mm howitzer yog qhov ua tiav zoo heev rau kev siv phom loj, tseem ua haujlwm nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm riam phom nws tus kheej-propelled phom, tsim ntawm T-34 chassis, tus lej ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo tshwm sim. Raws li tau hais dhau los, thaj tsam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha los ntawm M-30S yoog rau ACS yog qhov me me, thiab SU-122 tsis tau tua hluav taws los ntawm txoj haujlwm kaw, thaum txhua qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab ua pa tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Vim tias cov yam ntxwv tsim ntawm 122-mm howitzer, ob tus neeg tua phom yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov neeg siv phom tua tus kheej. Phom tau siv ntau qhov chaw hauv chav sib ntaus, tsim kev tsis yooj yim rau cov neeg coob. Qhov loj mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm cov cuab yeej thim rov qab thiab lawv cov ntawv ua rau nws nyuaj rau tus neeg tsav tsheb kom pom los ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj thiab tsis tso cai rau tag nrho lub hauv paus kom muab tso rau ntawm lub phaj pem hauv ntej. Ib qho ntxiv, 122 mm howitzer rau lub cev hnyav ntawm T-34 lub tank tau hnyav txaus, uas, ua ke nrog kev txav mus rau tom ntej ntawm rab phom, ua rau lub log pem hauv ntej ntau dua.

Kev tsim cov phom loj rau tus kheej ISU-122

Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, los ntawm kev sib piv nrog SU-152, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim rab phom hnyav rau ntawm lub cev ntawm KV-1S lub tank, ua nrog 122 mm A-19 rab phom. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv keeb kwm tiag tiag qhov no tsis tau tshwm sim, thiab kev tsim cov phom loj ntawm ISU-122 ntawm lub chassis ntawm IS-2 lub tank hnyav tau loj vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm 152-mm ML-20S phom. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov xav tau kev tiv thaiv lub tank tiv thaiv zoo tau nthuav tawm, uas, raws li qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tua hluav taws, yuav tau hla German hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrog 88 mm phom loj. Txij li peb cov tub rog, uas dhau mus rau kev ua phem, xav tau phom hnyav rau tus kheej sai, nws tau txiav txim siab siv 122-mm A-19 phom, uas muaj ntau nyob hauv cov chaw tua phom loj. Hauv qhov chaw no, raws li ib feem ntawm zaj dab neeg hais txog Soviet 122-mm rab phom tua tus kheej, peb yuav txav deb ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev txhim kho cov phom tua tus kheej hauv tsev thiab ua tib zoo saib ntawm ISU-122, uas tau tshwm sim tom qab 152-mm SU-152 thiab ISU-152.

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122-mm cannon qauv 1931/37 (A-19) muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo rau nws lub sijhawm. Lub 53-BR-471 cov cuab yeej tho qhov projectile nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 25 kg, tau nrawm dua hauv lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 5650 hli mus rau 800 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m raws li ib txwm tho 130 mm lub tsho tiv no. Ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev ntsib nrog cov cuab yeej ntawm 60 °, nyob rau tib yam, kev nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej yog 108 hli. 53-OF-471 qhov tawg tawg tawg hnyav hnyav 25 kg, muaj 3.6 kg ntawm TNT, kuj tau qhia txog kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum tua ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Ntau zaus muaj cov xwm txheej thaum, raws li ntawm 122-mm OFS tsoo sab xub ntiag ntawm Tigers thiab Panthers, cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau txais kev puas tsuaj hnyav, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm raug tsoo los ntawm sab hauv chipping ntawm cov cuab yeej. Yog li, ISU-122 tus kheej-propelled rab phom loj tau muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua tag nrho cov tsheb ciav hlau German hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag.

Kev hloov kho "tus kheej-propelled" ntawm A-19C tau tsim los rau kev teeb tsa hauv ACS. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov version no thiab rub ib qho muaj nyob hauv kev hloov pauv lub hom phiaj ntawm rab phom mus rau ib sab, ua kom lub breech nrog lub txais lub tais kom yooj yim ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab qhia txog hluav taws xob. Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1944, kev tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev hloov kho phom zoo dua rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv phom tua tus kheej. Qhov hloov kho tshiab tau txais lub npe "122 mm tus kheej-propelled phom mod. 1931/44 ", thiab hauv cov ntawv no, ntxiv rau ntau yam ntawm cov thoob nrog lub raj dawb, cov thooj av monoblock kuj tau siv. Kev hloov pauv tau tsim los rau kev tsim cov kab ntsug thiab kab rov tav cov txheej txheem txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ntseeg tau thiab txo qis kev thauj khoom. Ob rab phom muaj lub piston ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Cov lus qhia ntsug tau hloov pauv ntawm -3 txog + 22 °, kab rov tav - hauv 10 ° ntu. Qhov ntau ntawm kev tua ncaj qha ntawm lub hom phiaj nrog qhov siab ntawm 2.5-3 m yog 1000-1200 m, qhov kev tua tau zoo ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv yog 2500 m, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 14300 m. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 1.5-2 rds / min. Cov mos txwv ISU-122 suav nrog 30 qhov xwm txheej sib cais thauj khoom.

Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm ISU-122 pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1944. Cov phom loj ntawm tus kheej ntawm thawj koob muaj ib thooj pem hauv ntej lub cev hneev tes. ISU-122, tsim tawm txij li lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1944, muaj lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv los ntawm ob daim hlau thaiv daim hlau. Qhov phom ntawm tus kheej-propelled no tau sib txawv los ntawm qhov tuab ntawm rab phom mantlet thiab ntau dua cov tso tsheb hlau luam.

Txij li thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1944, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 12, 7-mm DShK tshuab rab phom tau teeb tsa nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub qhov rooj sab xis. Lub tshuab siv dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau DShK tau dhau los ua qhov xav tau zoo thaum lub sij hawm ua phem ntawm cov nroog, thaum nws xav kom rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab tub rog, nkaum ntawm qhov puas tsuaj lossis hauv cov plag tsev thiab cov tsev nyob.

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Lub thickness ntawm lub hauv ntej thiab sab caj npab ntawm lub hull yog 90 hli, lub hauv paus ntawm lub hull yog 60 hli. Lub npog ntsej muag phom yog 100-120 hli. Lub hauv ntej ntawm lub log tsheb tau npog nrog cov cuab yeej 90 hli, sab thiab nraub qaum ntawm lub log tsheb yog 60 hli. Lub ru tsev yog 30 hli, hauv qab yog 20 hli.

Qhov loj ntawm kev teeb tsa hauv qhov chaw tua hluav taws yog 46 tons. Diesel cav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 520 hp. tuaj yeem nrawm lub tsheb ntawm txoj kev loj mus rau 37 km / h. Txoj kev ceev tshaj plaws yog 25 km / h. Hauv khw hauv txoj kev loj - txog 220 km. Crew - 5 tus neeg.

Txij li thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1944, qee qhov hnyav ua rau nws tus kheej tau siv cov phom loj, yav dhau los muaj riam phom hnyav rau tus kheej-txhawb nqa SU-152, pib hloov mus rau ISU-122. Thaum cov tub rog tau pauv mus rau lub xeev tshiab, lawv tau raug xaiv los ua tus saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, los ntawm kev ua tsov rog kawg, 56 qhov kev coj ua no tau tsim nrog 21 ISU-152 lossis ISU-122 cov phom tua tus kheej hauv txhua qhov (qee qhov ntawm cov tub rog tau sib xyaw ua ke). Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1945, tau tsim 66th Guards Heavy Self-Propelled Artillery Brigade (65 ISU-122 thiab 3 SU-76). Cov phom tua tus kheej tau nquag siv nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, 945 ISU-122 tau tsim xyoo 1944, uas 169 tau ploj hauv kev sib ntaus.

Duab
Duab

Tsis zoo li cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej uas tsim nyob rau thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, ISU-122 cov phom tua tus kheej tau zoo heev thiab ntseeg tau zoo. Qhov no feem ntau yog los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub ntsiab "menyuam yaus mob" ntawm pab pawg sib kis lub cav thiab lub chassis tau txheeb xyuas thiab tshem tawm ntawm IS-2 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ISU-152 phom tua tus kheej. Lub phom ISU-122 tus kheej-propelled rab phom tau zoo ib yam nrog nws lub hom phiaj. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav siv los rhuav tshem cov kev tiv thaiv mus sij hawm ntev thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab hnyav. Yog li, thaum ntsuas ntawm qhov chaw sim, lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej ntawm German PzKpfw V Panther lub tank tau raug hlais los ntawm 122-mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 2.5 km. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom A-19C muaj qhov tsis zoo-tus nqi hluav taws tsawg, uas tau txwv los ntawm tus kheej qhib lub piston-hom ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Kev qhia txog tus tswv cuab thib 5, tus tswv cuab hauv tsev fuabtais, rau hauv pab pawg, tsis yog tsuas yog tsis tau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tsawg, tabsis tseem tsim kev nruj ntxiv rau hauv chav sib ntaus.

Kev teeb tsa cov phom loj rau tus kheej ISU-122S

Thaum lub Yim Hli 1944, kev tsim khoom ntawm ISU-122S ACS tau pib. Cov phom no tau tawm tsam nrog 122 hli D-25S rab phom nrog lub qhov rooj tsis siv neeg lub qhov rooj thiab lub qhov ncauj nres. Cov phom no tau tsim los ntawm rab phom D-25, uas tau teeb tsa hauv lub turret ntawm IS-2 lub tank hnyav.

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Duab

Kev teeb tsa riam phom tshiab coj mus rau kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej rov qab, tus menyuam txaj thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus. D-25S rab phom tau nruab nrog ob chav chav nres tsheb, uas tsis tuaj ntawm A-19S rab phom. Lub npog ntsej muag pwm tshiab nrog lub tuab ntawm 120-150 mm tau tsim. Qhov pom ntawm rab phom tseem zoo ib yam: tsom iav TSh-17 thiab Hertz panorama. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom tua tus kheej tau txo rau 4 tus neeg, tsis suav nrog lub tsev fuabtais. Qhov chaw yooj yim ntawm cov neeg coob nyob hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus thiab qhov kaw ib nrab ntawm rab phom tau pab txhawb kev nce qib kev tua hluav taws mus txog 3-4 rds / min. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm koom tes zoo tuaj yeem ua 5 ncig / feeb. Qhov chaw tso tawm tau siv los txhawm rau txhawm rau ntxiv cov mos txwv. Txawm hais tias lub zog ntawm ISU-122 rab phom tua tus kheej tsis tshaj IS-2 lub tank, hauv kev nqis tes ua, qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag ntawm cov phom tua tus kheej yog siab dua. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias rab phom tua tus kheej muaj qhov dav sib ntaus sib tua ntau dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua rau tus neeg nqa khoom thiab phom.

Duab
Duab

Qhov nce ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, uas tau ua tiav ntawm ISU-122S, muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub peev xwm ntawm rab phom tua tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, ISU-122S tsis tuaj yeem tshem ISU-122 nrog rab phom 122-mm. Xyoo 1931/1944, uas yog vim tsis muaj rab phom D-25, uas tseem tau siv los tuav caj npab IS-2 tso tsheb hlau luam.

Duab
Duab

Cov phom siv tus kheej ISU-122S, nquag siv nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, yog riam phom tiv thaiv zoo heev. Tab sis lawv ua tsis tiav los qhia lawv tus kheej hauv qhov peev xwm no. Txog thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom loj ntawm ISU-122S pib, Cov tso tsheb hlau luam German tsis tshua siv rau kev tawm tsam thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus raws li kev tiv thaiv lub tank tshwj tseg, ua los ntawm kev zais.

Duab
Duab

Kev siv ISU-122 / ISU-122S hauv thaj chaw ntoo thiab kev sib ntaus hauv nroog tau nyuaj vim rab phom ntev. Kev tswj hwm txoj hauv kev nqaim nrog rab phom ntev tawm ntawm ob peb metres pem hauv ntej ntawm SPG nrog rau pem hauv ntej teeb tsa kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis yooj yim. Ib qho ntxiv, tus tsav tsheb yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev ntawm qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob. Txwv tsis pub, muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm "scooping" cov av nrog cov cuab yeej.

Duab
Duab

Kev txav mus los thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm ISU-122 / ISU-122S rab phom tua tus kheej yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm IS-2 lub tank hnyav. Hauv cov av nkos, lawv feem ntau tsis ua raws T-34 cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab, nrog rau SU-85 thiab SU-100 lub nkoj rhuav tshem.

Duab
Duab

Hauv tag nrho, cov tub rog sawv cev tau lees paub 1735 ISU-122 (1335 txog rau thaum xaus lub Plaub Hlis 1945) thiab 675 ISU-122S (425 txog rau thaum xaus lub Plaub Hlis 1945). Kev tsim cov phom loj ntawm tus kheej ntawm hom no tau xaus rau lub Yim Hli 1945. Hauv lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog, ISU-122 / ISU-122S tau hloov kho tshiab thiab ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1960.

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