Ntawm txhua lub tebchaws uas tau koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees muaj cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no siv tau rau ob qho tib si me-caliber nrawm-tua phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj.
Kev siv cov phom German tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Red Army tau dhau los ua ib qho zoo heev.
Hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, Cov Tub Rog Liab tau ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm rab phom tua hluav taws nrawm uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tua cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau ntawm qhov chaw siab. Thiab German ntes 20-hli tsis siv neeg phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau xav tau ntau.
Hauv kev ua tsov rog tom qab, ntes cov phom me me kom txog thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1950 tseem nyob ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem German, cov nkoj loj tsaws nrawm, nkoj, nkoj submarines thiab tus neeg caij nkoj, tau txais los ntawm USSR raws li kev them nqi kho mob.
German 20-mm anti-aircraft phom
Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, hauv kev ua tub rog ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua hauv cheeb tsam pem hauv ntej tau ua los ntawm 20-37-mm-ceev-hluav taws rub thiab tua tus kheej lub phom tua phom.
Thawj lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau siv los ntawm Reichswehr yog rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 20-mm tsis siv neeg 2.0 cm FlaK 28 (2.0 cm Flugzeugabwehrkanone-20-mm anti-aircraft gun ntawm 1928 tus qauv) tsim los ntawm Swiss tuam txhab Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, thawj lub npe hu ua 1S, tau tsim los ntawm 20 mm "Becker cannon" tsim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees xyoo 1914.
Tab sis rau kev tua los ntawm 2, 0 cm Flak 28, muaj zog ntau dua 20 × 110 mm mos txwv tau siv nrog thawj qhov nrawm ntawm qhov projectile hnyav 117 g - 830 m / s. Tsis muaj lub tshuab, rab phom hnyav 68 kg. Tus nqi hluav taws - 450 rds / min.
Lub tuam txhab "Oerlikon" tau hais tias qhov siab nce mus txog 3 km, hauv thaj tsam - 4,4 km. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tua tau zoo yog kwv yees li ob zaug tsawg dua.
Txij xyoo 1940 txog 1944, Oerlikon tau muab 7,013 20-mm phom ntev, 14.76 lab puag ncig, 12,520 lub thoob ntim khoom thiab 40,000 lub mos txwv thawv rau lub tebchaws Yelemes, Ltalis thiab Romania.
Cov neeg German tau ntes ntau pua ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no hauv Belgium, Holland thiab Norway. Raws li German cov ntaub ntawv, Wehrmacht, Luftwaffe thiab Kriegsmarine tsuas muaj ntau dua 3,000 2.0 cm FlaK 28 kev teeb tsa.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws ntawm 2, 0 cm FlaK 28 (vim tias qhov hluav taws kub qis thiab siv cov ntawv xov xwm rau 15 thiab nruas cov ntawv xov xwm rau 30 puag ncig) yog qhov me me, feem ntau (vim qhov yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha tsim. thiab qhov hnyav thiab tus yam ntxwv zoo) nws yog riam phom zoo, nrog rau kev tua ntau ntawm cov hom phiaj huab cua - txog li 1.5 km.
Txhawm rau muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua rau cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj, ib lub tshuab nrog lub koob yees duab thiab lub log uas tshem tau tau siv. Thiab 20-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau "Erlikons" muab rau hauv lub dav hlau feem ntau tau teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb nqaj hlau.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau ntawm qhov siab nyob hauv pab tub rog ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees yog 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2.0 cm FlaK 30 thiab 2.0 cm Flak 38, uas txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv qee qhov lus qhia. Raws li xyoo 1939 cov neeg ua haujlwm rooj, txhua pawg tub rog German yuav tsum muaj 12 20-mm FlaK 30 lossis FlaK 38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2, 0 cm FlaK 30 tau tsim los ntawm Rheinmetall xyoo 1930 thiab nkag rau kev pabcuam xyoo 1934.
Ntxiv rau Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 20-mm no tau ua haujlwm raug cai hauv Bulgaria, Holland, Lithuania, Tuam Tshoj thiab Finland. Qhov zoo ntawm Flak 30 phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau yog: qhov hnyav me me, yooj yim ntawm kev tsim, muaj peev xwm tshem tawm sai sai thiab sib sau ua ke.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv lub tshuab 20-mm tiv thaiv lub dav hlau yog ua raws li kev siv lub zog thim rov qab nrog lub zog luv luv. Kev teeb tsa muaj cov cuab yeej thim rov qab thiab cov khoom siv mos txwv los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm carob rau 20 lub plhaub. Tus nqi hluav taws kub 220-240 rds / min.
Lub tsev tsis pom kev tau tsim cov kab ntsug thiab ib sab. Cov ntaub ntawv tau nkag mus rau qhov pom ntawm tus kheej thiab txiav txim siab pom kev. Ntxiv rau qhov ntau, uas tau ntsuas los ntawm lub tso suab ntau lub tso suab.
Rau kev tua los ntawm 2.0 cm FlaK 30, 20 × 138 mm mos txwv tau siv, nrog lub zog qhov ncauj ntau dua li 20 × 110 mm projectiles npaj rau 2.0 cm Flak 28 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Lub 115 g kev faib khoom faib tawm ntawm FlaK 30 chim ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 900 m / s.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mos txwv thauj khoom suav nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv khauj khaum hluav taws xob thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej sib tsoo. Qhov hnyav tom ntej no hnyav 140 g thiab, ntawm qhov pib nrawm ntawm 830 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m, nws tau hle 20 mm cov cuab yeej. Qhov tua tau zoo ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua yog 2400 m, qhov siab nce mus txog 1500 m.
Thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los, rab phom tau muab tso rau ntawm ob lub log tsav thiab ruaj ntseg nrog ob tus ncej thiab tus pin txuas. Nws tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb los tshem tus pin. Tom qab ntawd cov clamps tau xoob. Thiab lub kaw lus, ua ke nrog rab phom nqa phom tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av qis. Lub tsheb thauj khoom tau muab qhov ua tau ntawm cov hluav taws ncig nrog lub kaum sab xis siab tshaj plaws ntawm 90 °. Qhov hnyav hauv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus nrog lub log sib cais mus los yog 450 kg, hauv qhov chaw khaws cia - 740 kg.
Txhawm rau siv ntawm nkoj, 2.0 cm FlaK C / 30 installation tau tsim. Ib rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 20-mm rau ntawm lub tsheb thauj neeg nqa nrog lub nruas xov xwm rau 20 ncig tau npaj rau kev ua tub rog caij nkoj. Tab sis nws tau siv ntau zaus hauv kev ua haujlwm (tiv thaiv engineering). Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau nyob hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm "phab ntsa Atlantic".
20-hli phom tua hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau G-Wagen I (E) leichte FlaK muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Thiab nws tau tsim los teeb tsa rau ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau. Qhov kev teeb tsa no tau siv rau sab caj npab txawb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau roj teeb. Tsis tas li, qhov kev hloov kho no tau teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau.
Kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws ntawm 20-hli FlaK 30 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tshwm sim hauv Spain.
Nws tau ua pov thawj los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv. Qhov nruab nrab, 2-3 qhov kev ntaus txaus txaus kom ntseeg tau yeej I-15 thiab I-16 cov neeg sib ntaus. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau phom ceev hauv cheeb tsam lub hom phiaj yuam cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm SB-2 cov neeg foob pob foob pob los ntawm qhov siab tshaj 1500 m, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev foob pob. Cov cuab yeej ua rog ntawm Soviet lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam T-26 thiab BT-5 tso siab rau qhov tob tob 20 hli ntawm qhov deb ntawm 400-500 m.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus hauv Spain, Mauser lub tuam txhab tau thov cov qauv tshiab, xaiv 2.0 cm Flak 38.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tseem zoo ib yam li ntawm 2.0 cm FlaK 30, tab sis ua tsaug rau kev txo qhov hnyav ntawm qhov txav chaw, qhov hluav taws kub tau nce ob npaug - txog 480 rds / min. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nce kev poob siab, tshwj xeeb poob siab absorbers tau qhia.
Cov kev hloov pauv rau kev tsim tsheb thauj khoom tau tsawg heev. Tshwj xeeb, qhov nrawm thib ob tau qhia hauv phau ntawv qhia kev tsav.
Kev xa khoom loj ntawm 2, 0 cm Flak 38 tau pib nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1941.
Txij li 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau feem ntau siv rau kev txhawb nqa hluav taws ntawm cov chav hauv av, pib xyoo 1940, qee qhov ntawm lawv tau nruab nrog daim thaiv tiv thaiv kev tawg.
Txog rau kev ua tub rog ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, pawg kem 2, 0 cm FlaK C / 38 thiab lub txim taws 2, 0 cm FlaK-Zwilling 38 tau tsim.
Los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov tub rog nyob hauv roob, txij li xyoo 1942, 2, 0 cm Gebirgs-FlaK 38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim ntau-ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom hnyav, uas ua kom lub tsheb thauj mus los zoo li "pob".
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2, 0 cm Flak 30 thiab 2, 0 cm Flak 38 tau siv ua ke. Thiab lawv feem ntau tau teeb tsa ntawm ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes: ib nrab-khiav Sd. Kfz.10 / 4 tsheb laij teb, Sd. Kfz.251 cov tub rog nqa khoom nqa khoom, Czech ua Pz. Kpfw.38 (t) lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, German Pz. Kpfw. Kuv thiab Opel Blitz cov tsheb thauj khoom.
Cov phom tiv thaiv tus kheej tau tawm tsam tau koom nrog nrog txhua kab, npog thaj chaw ntawm kev mloog zoo. Thiab feem ntau lawv tau muab kev pab tua hluav taws rau cov tub rog.
Ua rau hauv qhov tseeb tias cov ntawv xov xwm muab cov mos txwv hnyav txwv kev sib ntaus ntawm cov hluav taws, Mauser cov kws tshwj xeeb raws li 2, 0 cm Flak 38 tshuab rab phom tsim 20-mm plaub-rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2, 0 cm Vierlings-Flugabwehrkanone 38 (2-cm plaub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau). Hauv cov tub rog, qhov txheej txheem no feem ntau hu ua - 2,0 cm Flakvierling 38.
Tus nqi hluav taws 2, 0 cm Flakvierling 38 yog 1800 rds / min. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg coob (piv rau rab phom 20-mm sib tsoo ib leeg) ob npaug thiab muaj txog 8 leej.
Lub tsheb thauj mus los tso cai tua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia nrog lub kaum ntse ntse nce ntawm −10 ° txog + 100 °.
Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm plaub chav txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1945. Tag nrho ntawm 3,768 chav nyob tau raug xa mus rau cov tub rog.
Hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus sib tua, plaub fab hnyav ntau dua 1.5 tons, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev txav mus los. Hauv qhov no, 2.0 cm Flakvierling 38 feem ntau tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov, npaj tau zoo hauv txoj haujlwm engineering, teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau. Hauv qhov no, kev suav ua ntej tau npog nrog daim thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob.
Ib yam li ib rab phom 20-mm rab phom loj, plaub rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau siv los tsim rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau ntawm tus kheej ntawm lub chassis ntawm cov tsheb laij teb ib nrab, cov tub rog nqa khoom thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam.
Qhov ntsuas ntawm kev siv 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tuaj yeem txiav txim los ntawm cov txheeb cais suav los ntawm German Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Phem. Raws li lub Tsib Hlis 1944, Wehrmacht thiab SS cov tub rog muaj 6 355 Flak 30/38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Thiab chav Luftwaffe muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua German muaj ntau dua 20,000 20-rab phom loj. Ob peb txhiab ntau 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau teeb tsa ntawm lub nkoj ntawm cov tub rog thiab thauj cov nkoj, nrog rau ib puag ncig ntawm cov hauv paus tub rog.
Kev siv ntes German 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv USSR
Thaum pib xyoo 1930, Cov Tub Rog Liab tau muaj txoj hauv kev kom tau txais qhov sib piv ntawm 2.0 cm FlaK 30.
Thaum Lub Yim Hli 28, 1930, ib daim ntawv pom zoo tau kos npe nrog German lub tuam txhab Bureau für technische Arbeiten und Studien (sau luv li Butast), uas yog lub chaw ua haujlwm pem hauv ntej ntawm Rheinmetall-Borsig AG, kev pom zoo tau kos npe rau ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm 20-hli tsis siv neeg rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau rau USSR, ntawm lwm cov phom. Lub tuam txhab German tau muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog rab phom tiv thaiv 20 hli, ob daim qauv npaj ua tiav thiab ib qho seem ua ntu zus.
Tom qab kuaj lub 20-mm automatic cannon, nws tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe "20-mm automatic anti-aircraft and anti-tank gun model 1930".
Kev tsim cov phom ntev 20-mm tau muab tso rau hauv Tsob Ntoo No. 8 (Podlipki, cheeb tsam Moscow), qhov uas nws tau muab rau 2K ntsuas.
Cov nroj tsuag pib tsim thawj pawg ntawm 20-mm cannons hauv xyoo 1932. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuab tsim tawm tau qis heev. Thiab cov tub rog tsis kam lees txais phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm 20-hli tsis siv phom phom mod. Xyoo 1930 yog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm lub tshuab ua si ntawm tsob ntoo No. 8 thiab kev qhia txuj ci thev naus laus zis tsawg.
Thawj thawj zaug, tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm 20-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau (100 units) tau tshwm sim hauv cov tub rog liab tom qab Baltic koom pheej koom nrog USSR thaum Lub Rau Hli 1940. Ua ntej ntawd, MZA 1S (2.0 cm Flak 28) ua hauv Switzerland yog koom nrog pab tub rog Lithuanian.
Hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, peb cov khoom tseem ceeb tiv thaiv huab cua yog: plaub npaug 7, 62-mm tshuab rab phom mount M4, ntxiv rau 76, 2 thiab 85-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
ZPU M4, uas siv plaub lub tshuab rab phom ntawm Maxim system nrog rau kev xa cov cua txias, muaj qhov hluav taws kub zoo. Tab sis lawv tsis yooj yim. Thiab lawv qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm hluav taws tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj huab cua tsis tshaj 500 m.
Anti-aircraft 76, 2-mm cannons Model 1931 thiab Model 1938, ntxiv rau 85-mm arr. 1939 - yog riam phom zoo heev niaj hnub no. Tab sis lawv tau siv me ntsis rau kev daws teeb meem huab cua huab cua qis.
Nws tsuas yog nyob hauv ib nrab ntawm kev ua tsov rog thib ob uas nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj qhov tsis txaus hauv Red Army nrog 12, 7-mm DShK rab phom tshuab thiab 37-mm 61-K phom ntev. Thiab qhov ntawd feem ntau yog los ntawm kev muab 12, 7-mm American ZPU thiab 40-mm "Beofors" hauv qab qiv-xaum.
Hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, ntes 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau zoo heev. Lawv tau tsim qauv yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Feem ntau, tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lawv txoj kev txhim kho.
Tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem tsim muaj pes tsawg qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv German MZA raug ntes los ntawm Red Army.
Hauv cov chav sib ntaus, feem ntau lawv tau siv ntau dua ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Thiab feem ntau lawv tsis raug coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov txhia chaw.
Feem ntau, 20-mm FlaK 28, FlaK 30 thiab FlaK 38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tau muab cais los ntawm hom. Thiab thaum lub xyoo ua tsov rog hauv Red Army, txhua 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau hu ua "erlikons". Txawm hais tias, piv rau lwm yam German cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm tib lub peev xwm, tsim tawm hauv Switzerland, FlaK 28 tsis ntau li.
Heev feem ntau, 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm German kev tsim khoom hauv Red Army tau teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau. Peb cov tub rog txaus siab siv ZSU raws li cov neeg thauj khoom ib nrab. Feem ntau, cov tsheb uas raug ntes no tau siv rau kev saib xyuas thiab tua hluav taws rau cov tub rog.
Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv German rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom loj hauv Red Army, nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias (vim kev qhia tsis zoo ntawm kev suav) hauv kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua, nws qis dua li cov neeg German. Kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis muaj mos txwv rau qhov "gluttonous" 20-mm tshuab phom loj.
Peb cov tub rog feem ntau tsis paub yuav siv cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag li cas. Thiab thaj tsam mus rau lub hom phiaj hauv kev pom, raws li txoj cai, tau qhia rau "qhov muag", uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov raug ntawm kev tua.
Tom qab kev ua tsov rog xaus, qhov khoom plig tau rub 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau muaj nyob hauv cov tub rog hauv av tau raug xa mus rau cov chaw khaws cia, qhov chaw uas lawv nyob tau li 15 xyoos.
Tib lub sijhawm, txog rau nrab ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1950, ib leeg-barreled 2.0 cm FlaK C / 38 thiab ntxaib 2.0 cm FlaK-Zwilling 38 tau muaj nuj nqis ntau hauv USSR Navy. Lawv tau ua tub rog nrog lub nkoj ua rog tau txais txiaj ntsig tom qab muab faib ntawm Kriegsmarine.
Cov tub rog Soviet tau suav nrog ib tus neeg caij nkoj German raug ntes, 10 tus neeg rhuav tshem, 10 lub nkoj hauv nkoj, 44 tus neeg tua hluav taws, 25 lub nkoj ceev tsaws tsaws tsag, 30 lub nkoj torpedo thiab ntau lub nkoj pabcuam tseem ceeb.
Tom qab cov nkoj raug ntes tau zoo los ntawm peb cov neeg ua haujlwm, nws tau xav tias yav tom ntej lawv yuav rov nruab nrog Soviet-style antiaircraft phom.
Yog li, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm lub nkoj "Admiral Makarov" (yav tas los "Nuremberg"), uas tau ua haujlwm kom txog rau xyoo 1957, thawj zaug suav nrog plaub rab phom 88-mm rab phom, plaub ntxaib 37-mm tshuab phom thiab plaub lub tshuab 20-mm. phom.
Thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho tshiab tau ua tiav xyoo 1948, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 37-mm tau hloov los ntawm Soviet lub tshuab rab phom ntawm tib lub peev xwm. Thiab hloov ntawm 20-mm tsis siv neeg cannons, 12.7-mm tshuab rab phom tau teeb tsa.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, German-ua EM, BDK thiab TC feem ntau khaws lawv cov riam phom qub. Thiab lawv nqa 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau kom txog rau thaum tso tawm. Piv txwv li, EM "Agile" (qub Z-33) muaj plaub rab phom 20-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau 2.0 cm FlaK C / 38.
Kev siv 20-hli German phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv cov tub rog ntawm lwm lub xeev
Thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 20-mm ntawm tus qauv German muaj nyob hauv Bulgaria, Hungary, Spain, Ltalis, Tuam Tshoj, Romania thiab Finland.
Hauv lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog, German-ua 20-mm kev teeb tsa tau nthuav dav.
Hauv Tebchaws Europe, lawv tau ua haujlwm hauv Bulgaria, Hungary, Holland, Denmark, Spain, Ltalis, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Fabkis thiab Yugoslavia. Hauv qee lub tebchaws no, lawv ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1980s.
20-hli phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau los ntawm cov khoom siv German tau muab muag rau lwm lub tebchaws ntiaj teb thib peb. Thiab lawv tau koom nrog ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv zej zog.
Hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm 30s, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev koom tes nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees (hauv kev pauv rau cov khoom siv raw), Tuam Tshoj tau txais ib pawg loj ntawm 2, 0 cm FlaK 30 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Cov tub rog Kuomintang nquag siv 20-hli rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv kev ya dav hlau Nyij Pooj thiab txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws, ntau qhov kev teeb tsa zoo li tau muab pov tseg ntawm kev tshem riam phom ntawm cov neeg Suav liab.
Tom qab ntawd, Asmeskas cov tub rog tau sau tseg siv 20-mm MZA thaum muaj kev ua phem rau Kaus Lim Kauslim.
Muaj qhov laj thawj ntseeg tias ib leeg-sib ntaus Flak 30/38 thiab plaub npaug Flakvierling 38, pauv los ntawm Soviet Union, tawm tsam hauv Kauslim Teb.
