Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber

Cov txheej txheem:

Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber
Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber

Video: Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber

Video: Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber
Video: Yuav Liam Kom Txaus by Gina & Paxia 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim
Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber
Japanese anti-aircraft phom loj ntawm nruab nrab thiab loj caliber

Thaum lub sijhawm huab cua tsoo ntawm Asmeskas B-29 Superfortress cov foob pob hnyav ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj, nws tau hloov pauv tias yog lawv ya mus rau qhov chaw siab, tom qab ntawd lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Nyij Pooj tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag lawv. Hauv kev ua tsov rog, Nyij Pooj tau sim tsim cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab nrog rau qhov ntev, thiab tseem siv rab phom tub rog ntau yam uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tiv thaiv Superfortresses. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj qhov ua tiav tsis tu ncua, Nyij Pooj lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau yeej tsis muaj peev xwm tiv tau qhov kev rhuav tshem ntawm cov nroog Nyij Pooj.

Japanese 75-76 mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau

Tebchaws Askiv 76-hli QF 3-nti 20 cwt phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, uas, dhau los, tau tsim los ntawm Vickers QF peb-nti rab phom tub rog, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau qhov pom thiab tsim ntawm thawj tus neeg Nyij Pooj 75. -mm Hom 11 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.

Duab
Duab

Hom 11 rab phom, uas tau siv rau xyoo 1922 (xyoo 11 ntawm kev kav ntawm Emperor Taise), muaj cov yam ntxwv txaus siab rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws qhov hnyav hauv kev sib ntaus yog 2060 kg. Cov phom me me 6, 5 kg hauv ib lub thoob 2562 mm ntev nrawm mus rau 585 m / s, uas ua kom lub siab nce mus txog 6500 m. Ntsug taw qhia kaum: 0 ° txog + 85 °. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws - txog 15 rds / min. Suav - 7 tus neeg.

Lub 75 hli Hom 11 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tau siv dav hauv pab tub rog. Nyob rau xyoo 1920s lig - xyoo 1930s, tsis muaj qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb rau nws, thiab hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1930s, vim qhov kev loj hlob sai hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus, nws dhau los ua kev cia siab. Ib qho ntxiv, thawj Nyij Pooj 75mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ua pov thawj nyuaj thiab kim rau kev tsim khoom, thiab nws cov khoom raug txwv rau 44 daim ntawv.

Cov peev txheej hais lus Askiv tau hais tias thaum lub sijhawm Nyij Pooj nres rau Pearl Harbor, rab phom hom 11 twb tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev pabcuam. Txawm li cas los xij, muab qhov tseeb tias cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau ib txwm muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuab siv rab phom loj nruab nrab, cov lus no zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg.

Duab
Duab

Kev txiav txim los ntawm cov duab muaj, cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-mm uas tsis tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm kev pabcuam, tabsis siv rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv khaws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tiv thaiv hluav taws nrog lub plhaub li niaj zaus.

Xyoo 1908, Nyij Pooj tau txais daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm Askiv lub tuam txhab Elswick Ordnance los tsim cov phom 76-hli QF 12-pounder 12-cwt. Phom, hloov kho tshiab xyoo 1917, tau xaiv Hom 3.

Duab
Duab

Cov phom no, vim qhov nce ntawm lub kaum sab xis tsom mus rau + 75 °, muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau. Rau kev tua, tawg ua ib pawg lossis tawg ua tej pawg uas hnyav 5, 7-6 kg, nrog rau qhov pib ceev ntawm 670-685 m / s. Qhov siab nce mus txog 6800 m. Tus nqi hluav taws tau nce mus txog 20 rds / min. Hauv kev xyaum, vim tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws thiab cov lus qhia hauv nruab nrab, kev siv hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau tau zoo, thiab cov phom no tsuas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, 76-mm Hom 3 rab phom tau siv rau ntawm lub nkoj ntawm cov nkoj pabcuam thiab hauv kev tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv kom txog rau thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II xaus.

Cov kws tshaj lij Nyij Pooj tau paub tias Hom 11 rab phom tsis tau ua tiav raws li cov kev xav tau niaj hnub no, thiab twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1928, 75-mm Type 88 anti-aircraft gun tau nthuav tawm rau kev sim (2588 "los ntawm kev tsim lub teb chaws").

Duab
Duab

Txawm hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm rab phom tshiab tseem zoo ib yam, nws tau zoo dua hauv qhov raug thiab ntau yam rau nws cov neeg ua ntej. Qhov hnyav ntawm Hom 88 hauv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus yog 2442 kg, hauv qhov chaw khaws cia - 2750 kg. Nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 3212 mm, thawj qhov nrawm ntawm qhov projectile hnyav 6, 6 kg yog 720 m / s. Mus txog qhov siab-9000 m. Ntxiv rau qhov tawg ntawm lub foob pob tawg nrog lub fuse tej thaj chaw deb thiab lub foob pob tawg loj tawg nrog lub fuse poob siab, lub mos txwv thauj khoom suav nrog cov cuab yeej phom-tho qhov hnyav 6, 2 kg. Thaum nrawm mus rau 740 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m raws qhov ib txwm muaj, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 110 mm tuab cov cuab yeej ua rog. Tus nqi hluav taws - 15 ncig / min.

Duab
Duab

Hom 88 rab phom tau thauj ntawm ib lub log uas txav tau yooj yim, tab sis rau cov neeg coob ntawm 8 tus neeg, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xa cov phom 75-hli tiv thaiv dav hlau los ntawm txoj haujlwm taug kev mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus thiab rov qab yog txoj haujlwm nyuaj heev.. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis yooj yim rau kev siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog lub hauv paus txheej txheem raws li kev txhawb nqa tsib nqaj, uas nws yuav tsum tau txav plaub lub txaj hnyav sib nrug thiab tshem tawm tsib lub jack. Kev tshem tawm thiab teeb tsa ob lub log thauj kuj tseem siv sijhawm ntau thiab kev rau siab los ntawm cov neeg coob.

Duab
Duab

Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov phooj ywg, 75-mm Hom 88 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau zoo li zoo. Tab sis thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1940s, nrog kev nce nrawm dua, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv qhov siab dav dav ntawm cov foob pob tshiab, nws tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog niaj hnub no. Txog thaum ntxov xyoo 1944, kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm ntau dua 2,000 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau muab tso rau sab nraum lub nroog.

Duab
Duab

Ntxiv rau lawv lub hom phiaj ncaj qha, Hom 88 phom tau nquag siv hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov Islands tuaj. Ntsib nrog qhov tsis txaus siv riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank zoo, Nyij Pooj tau hais kom pib siv 75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv thaj chaw phom sij. Txij li kev xa mus rau qhov chaw tshiab tau nyuaj, cov phom feem ntau tau npaj ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev tom qab thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Superfortresses, feem ntau ntawm hom 88 phom tau xa rov qab mus rau Nyij Pooj.

Duab
Duab

Hauv kev tshem tawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm B-29, nws tau muab tawm tias feem ntau, suav nrog qhov xav tau ntau yam, Hom 88 cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj ya ntawm qhov siab tsis tshaj 6500 m. nruab hnub, dhau lub hom phiaj foob pob, zoo npog los ntawm cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau, cov kws tsav dav hlau Asmeskas tau sim ua haujlwm sab nraud thaj tsam tua hluav taws zoo. Thaum tsaus ntuj, thaum lub dav hlau nqa "lub teeb" hauv pawg foob pob poob rau 1500 m, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75 hli muaj txoj hauv kev los tsoo "Superfortress". Tab sis muab qhov tseeb tias cov neeg Nyij Pooj muaj tsawg heev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tswj phom radars, cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau, raws li txoj cai, tau ua hluav taws kub nyhiab.

Xyoo 1943, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-mm Type 4 tau nkag mus rau hauv kev siv.

Duab
Duab

Piv rau Hom 88, Hom Phom 4 yog qhov qauv ntau dua thiab siv tau yooj yim. Qhov hnyav hauv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus yog 3300 kg, hauv qhov chaw khaws cia - 4200 kg. Ntev ntev - 3900 hli, qhov ncauj qhov ncauj - 750 m / s. Qab nthab - mus txog 10,000 m. Qhov taw qhia cov ces kaum: –3 ° txog + 80 °. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kawm paub zoo tuaj yeem muab tus nqi hluav taws - txog 20 rds / min.

Vim tias muaj kev tawm tsam tsis tu ncua ntawm Asmeskas cov foob pob thiab tsis txaus siv cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim cov phom tshiab 75-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau tau ntsib teeb meem loj, thiab tsuas yog tsawg dua ib puas hom phom 4 tau tsim. Txhua ntawm lawv tau nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj Nyij Pooj thiab rau feem ntau muaj txoj sia nyob rau kev swb. Txawm hais tias muaj qhov hluav taws kub ntau dua thiab nce mus txog qhov siab, vim lawv cov lej tsawg, Hom 4 cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv huab cua.

Japanese 88 thiab 100 mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau

Cov tub rog Nyij Pooj nyob ib puag ncig Nanjing xyoo 1937 ntes German-ua 88-mm phom tub rog 8.8 cm L / 30 C / 08. Tom qab ua tib zoo kawm, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim nws tus kheej 88-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau los ntawm rab phom German.

Ib rab phom Japanese 88 mm tiv thaiv dav hlau, xaiv Hom 99, nkag mus ua haujlwm xyoo 1939. Txhawm rau txo tus nqi thiab nthuav tawm cov khoom loj rau rab phom no sai li sai tau, lub log tsav tsis tau tsim, thiab txhua tus neeg Nyij Pooj rab phom 88-mm tau ua raws txoj haujlwm nyob ruaj ruaj.

Duab
Duab

Qhov hnyav ntawm Hom 99 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog 6500 kg. Hais txog kev ncav thiab tua ntau, nws kwv yees li 10% zoo tshaj rau hom Japanese hom 88 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. 88 mm projectile uas hnyav 9 kg. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws ntawm Hom 99 yog 15 rds / min.

Los ntawm 1939 txog 1945, kwv yees li 1000 88-mm Hom 99 rab phom tau tsim, feem ntau ntawm lawv tau nyob ntawm cov kob Nyij Pooj. Kev suav ntawm cov phom xa mus rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tau tso siab rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tshem tawm cov yeeb ncuab tsaws.

Tom qab tau txais 75-mm Hom 11 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, cov lus txib ntawm pab tub rog huab tais pom kev txaus siab los tsim rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau loj dua. Phom 100mm, hu ua Hom 14 (xyoo 14 ntawm kev ua huab tais Taisho), tau nkag mus ua haujlwm xyoo 1929.

Duab
Duab

Qhov hnyav ntawm Hom 14 phom hauv qhov chaw tua yog 5190 kg. Ntev ntev - 4200 hli. Qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm 15 kg projectile yog 705 m / s. Qab nthab - 10500 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 10 txhaj tshuaj / min. Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kev siv tau txhawb los ntawm rau paws, uas tau nce qib los ntawm jacks. Txhawm rau tshem lub log mus thiab xa rab phom mus rau qhov chaw tua, cov neeg ua haujlwm siv sijhawm 45 feeb.

Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1920 hauv Nyij Pooj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo PUAZO, thiab rab phom 100-mm nws tus kheej tau kim thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom, tom qab tau txais 75-mm Hom 88 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, Hom 14 tau txiav.

Duab
Duab

Hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 70 Hom 14 rab phom tau tsim tawm. Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lawv txhua tus tau tsom mus rau ntawm cov kob Kyushu. Cov lus Nyij Pooj tau siv lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm 100-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom siv hlau hauv nroog Kitakyushu.

Vim tias qhov tsis txaus ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau muaj peev xwm ncav cuag B-29s ya ze ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau siv phom tub rog. Xyoo 1938, tau kaw qhov ntxaib turret 100-mm rab phom Mount Hom 98 tau tsim, uas nws tau npaj los ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj tshiab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa tau pib xyoo 1942.

Duab
Duab

Ib hom qhib ib nrab 98 Mod tau tsim los rau caj npab loj xws li lub nkoj Oyodo, cov dav hlau nqa Taiho thiab Shinano. A1. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev teeb tsa npaj rau Akizuki-class destroyers yog 34,500 kg. Ib nrab-qhib chav nyob yog kwv yees li 8 tons sib zog. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib rab phom nrog lub thoob thiab lub plab yog 3053 kg. Ib qho hluav taws xob-hydraulic tsav coj kev teeb tsa hauv lub dav hlau kab rov tav ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 12–16 ° ib pliag thiab ntsug txog li 16 ° ib pliag.

Lub foob pob tawg uas hnyav 13 kg muaj 0.95 kg ntawm cov khoom tawg. Thiab thaum lub sijhawm tawg, nws tuaj yeem tsoo lub hom phiaj huab cua tsis pub dhau ib lub vojvoog txog li 12 m. Nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 65 klb. thawj zaug ceev yog 1010 m / s. Kev tua ntau yam ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua - mus txog 14,000 m, qab nthab - mus txog 11,000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 22 rds / min. Sab flip ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntaus nrig siab yog qhov muaj sia nyob qis dua - tsis pub ntau tshaj 400 txhaj tshuaj.

Lub 100-mm Hom 98 rab phom yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws siv ob rab phom loj tsim nyob hauv Nyij Pooj. Thiab nws tau dhau los ua tau zoo heev thaum tua ntawm lub hom phiaj saum nruab ntug. Thaum pib xyoo 1945, rab phom npaj rau kev ua tub rog caij nkoj tsis tiav tau teeb tsa rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv nyob ruaj khov. Cov no yog ob peb lub tebchaws Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau rab phom uas muaj peev xwm tiv tau zoo ntawm B-29. Ntawm 169 100-mm ntxaib turrets tsim los ntawm kev lag luam, 68 tau muab tso rau hauv thaj av ruaj khov.

Duab
Duab

Vim qhov txo qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi qis, tsuas yog ib nrab qhib kev teeb tsa tau txuas mus tas li ntawm ntug dej. Ntau Hom 98 Mod. A1s nyob hauv Okinawa tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev foob pob los ntawm hiav txwv thiab kev tawm tsam huab cua.

Japanese 120-127 mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau

Vim tias muaj qhov tsis txaus tshwj xeeb ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau hloov kho phom phom tub rog rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm txoj hauv kev no yog 120mm Hom 10 rab phom thoob ntiaj teb, uas tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam xyoo 1927 (xyoo 10 ntawm kev kav ntawm Emperor Taisho). Cov phom no yog kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm Hom 41 120 mm phom tub rog, paub nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob raws li 12 cm / 45 3rd Year Type naval gun, uas taug qab nws caj ces mus rau Askiv 120 mm / 40 QF Mk I phom phom.

Duab
Duab

Raws li Asmeskas cov ntaub ntawv, kwv yees li ntawm 1000 Hom 10 rab phom tau muab tso rau ntawm ntug dej. Hauv tag nrho, ntau dua 2,000 ntawm cov phom no tau tsim hauv Nyij Pooj.

Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw tua yog 8500 kg. Lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 5400 mm muab 20.6 kg ntawm qhov projectile nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 825 m / s. Mus txog qhov siab yog 9100 m. Ntsug kev taw qhia kaum: ntawm –5 ° txog + 75 °. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 12 ncig / feeb.

Duab
Duab

Txawm hais tias los ntawm xyoo 1945 lub 120-mm Hom 10 rab phom twb tau suav tias tsis siv lawm thiab tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no, kom txog rau thaum Nyij Pooj tau swb, lawv tau nquag siv rau kev tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tua hluav taws.

Cov lus txib Nyij Pooj tau nkag siab txog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75 hli. Hauv qhov kev sib txuas no, xyoo 1941, tau tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm rau kev tsim rab phom 120-mm tshiab. Xyoo 1943, pib tsim cov phom hom 3.

Duab
Duab

120mm Hom 3 rab phom yog ib qho ntawm ob peb rab phom Japanese tiv thaiv dav hlau uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag Super Fortresses taug kev ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws. Hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev nce qib los ntawm + 8 ° txog 90 °, rab phom tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj ya ntawm qhov siab ntawm 12000 m, tsis pub dhau lub vojvoog txog li 8500 m los ntawm txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv dav hlau. Los yog ya ntawm qhov siab ntawm 6000 m ntawm qhov deb ntawm 11000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 20 rds / min. Cov yam ntxwv no tseem txhawb kev hwm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev ntawm 120-mm rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau kuj tseem ceeb heev: qhov hnyav yog 19,800 kg, lub thoob ntev yog 6,710 mm.

Duab
Duab

Cov phom tau tua nrog 120x851 mm tsis sib haum. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub foob pob tawg tawg nrog lub fuse nyob deb yog 19.8 kg. Asmeskas phau ntawv siv hais tias qhov tawg ntawm 120-mm tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tsim tawm ntau dua 800 qhov ua rau tuag taus nrog lub vojvoog ntawm kev rhuav tshem lub hom phiaj huab cua mus txog 15 m. projectile yog 855-870 m / s.

Duab
Duab

Txhua hom phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau 3 tau siv rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov, tau ua haujlwm zoo nyob ib puag ncig Tokyo, Osaka thiab Kobe. Qee cov phom tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsis tawg, uas tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab nraub qaum. Qee yam 3 lub roj teeb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau koom nrog tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua hluav taws radars, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj uas tsis pom kev pom hauv qhov tsaus ntuj thiab hauv huab huab.

Kev suav ntawm 120-mm Hom 3 phom tswj los tua lossis ua puas tsuaj txog 10 B-29 cov foob pob. Hmoov zoo rau cov neeg Asmeskas, tus naj npawb ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv huab cua tau txwv. Txog Lub Ib Hlis 1945, nws tau npaj yuav xa yam tsawg kawg 400 rab phom 120-mm tshiab. Tab sis qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tsim khoom thiab raw khoom, nrog rau kev foob pob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom Nyij Pooj tsis tau tso cai kom mus txog qhov tau npaj tseg. Txog thaum Lub Yim Hli 1945, nws tuaj yeem tso kwv yees li 120 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.

Ib qho ntawm cov phom loj tshaj plaws hauv Nyij Pooj tau yog 127mm Hom 89. Cov phom loj no sib sau ua ke, tau saws hauv xyoo 1932, tau tsim los ntawm 127mm Hom 88 submarine phom.

Duab
Duab

Hom 89 rab phom feem ntau tau teeb tsa hauv ntxaib, uas tau siv ua phom loj ntawm kev rhuav tshem ntawm hom Matsu thiab Tachibana, lawv kuj tau siv ua ntau yam phom loj ntawm cov nkoj, nkoj sib tw thiab cov dav hlau nqa khoom.

Phom tau tsim qauv yooj yim nrog lub thoob monoblock thiab kab rov tav zawv zawg. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, tus yam ntxwv ntawm Nyij Pooj 127-mm Hom 89 nyob ze rau Asmeskas 5-nti Mark 12 5 ″ / 38 rab phom tub rog. Tab sis Asmeskas cov nkoj muaj lub zog tswj hluav taws ntau dua.

Kev sib sau ua ke nrog qhov ntev ntawm 127x580 mm tau siv rau kev tua. Nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 5080 mm, qhov projectile hnyav 23 kg nrawm rau 725 m / s. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ncav cuag yog 9400 m, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tsuas yog 7400 m. Hauv lub dav hlau ntsug, kev teeb tsa tau hais qhia nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm –8 ° txog + 90 °. Cov phom tuaj yeem nqa ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis, qhov siab tshaj ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tau mus txog 16 rds / min. Tus nqi siv hluav taws yog nyob ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm kev suav thiab nrog kev tua hluav taws ntev feem ntau tsis tshaj 12 rds / min.

Duab
Duab

Nyob rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1932 txog 1945, kwv yees li ntawm 1,500 127-rab phom tau tsim, uas ntau dua 360 rab phom tau teeb tsa rau hauv cov roj teeb tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv, uas tseem tau tua hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau. Yokosuka (96 phom) thiab Kure (56 rab phom) tau zoo tshaj los ntawm 127-mm ntug dej hiav txwv.

Nyiv 150mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau

Hom 150-mm Hom 5 yog suav tias yog cov phom loj tshaj plaws hauv Nyij Pooj. Rab phom no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv Asmeskas B-29 lub foob pob ntawm qhov ntev thiab nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm qhov chaw uas Superfortresses ua haujlwm.

Kev txhim kho phom pib thaum pib xyoo 1944. Txhawm rau kom nrawm cov txheej txheem tsim, cov kws tsim txuj ci Nyij Pooj tau siv 120-mm Hom 3 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ua lub hauv paus, ua rau nws loj dua. Ua haujlwm ntawm Hom 5 tau nrawm txaus. Thawj rab phom tau npaj los tua 17 lub hlis tom qab pib qhov haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lig dhau lawm. Kev lag luam thiab kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ntawm Nyij Pooj tau raug rhuav tshem, thiab cov nroog Nyij Pooj loj tau raug puas tsuaj ntau vim yog cov ntaub pua plag. Rau qhov kev tsim khoom loj ntawm qhov ua tau zoo 150-hli rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, Nyij Pooj tsis muaj cov khoom siv raw thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse. Ua ntej yuav tsum Nyij Pooj, ob hom phom 5 tau siv rau sab nrauv ntawm Tokyo hauv cheeb tsam Suginami.

Duab
Duab

Vim tias qhov hnyav hnyav thiab qhov ntev ntawm 150-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, lawv tsuas tuaj yeem tso rau hauv cov haujlwm nyob ruaj ruaj. Txawm hais tias ob rab phom tau npaj txhij nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1945, lawv tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tsuas yog ib hlis tom qab. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim yog qhov tshiab ntawm ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tswj hluav taws.

Txhawm rau coj kev tua ntawm Hom 5, Hom 2 cov khoom siv sib piv tau siv, tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov kho qhov muag kho qhov muag thiab radars. Lub chaw tswj hwm tau nyob hauv ib lub bunker cais. Tom qab ua cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus rau cov neeg tua phom 'tso tawm ntawm kab kab. Thiab lub sijhawm rau kev foob pob ntawm cov fuses nyob deb tau teeb tsa.

Duab
Duab

150-mm projectile hnyav 41 kg hauv ib lub thoob 9000 mm ntev nrawm mus rau 930 m / s. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Hom Phom 5 tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj ya ntawm qhov siab ntawm 16,000 m. Nrog kev tua ntau txog 13 km, qhov siab nce mus txog 11 km. Tus nqi hluav taws - 10 txhaj tshuaj / min. Ntsug taw qhia kaum: ntawm + 8 ° txog + 85 °.

Yog tias muaj rab phom ntau dua 150-mm hauv Nyij Pooj txoj kev tiv thaiv huab cua, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij hnyav rau Asmeskas cov foob pob ntev. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 1, 1945, Hom 5 pab neeg tua ob lub Super Fortresses.

Duab
Duab

Qhov xwm txheej no tsis dhau mus tsis pom los ntawm kev hais kom ua ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog Xyoo 20, thiab kom txog rau thaum Nyij Pooj tso tseg, B-29s tsis nkag mus rau ntawm Nyij Pooj 150-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.

Duab
Duab

Tom qab qhov kev tawm tsam kawg, Asmeskas tau tshawb xyuas qhov xwm txheej thiab ua tib zoo kawm Hom 5 cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Qhov kev tshawb fawb xaus lus tias rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 150-mm tshiab hauv Nyij Pooj tau ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau Asmeskas cov foob pob. Lawv qhov ua tau zoo yog 5 npaug siab dua li ntawm 120mm Hom 3, uas siv cov khoos phis tawj tshawb pom qhov muag los tswj hluav taws. Kev nce ntxiv hauv cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus ntawm 150-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau ua tiav los ntawm kev qhia txog kev tswj hwm hluav taws zoo tshaj plaws uas ua cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov ntau thiab qhov siab ncav cuag ntawm Hom 5 rab phom ntau tshaj txhua lwm yam phom tiv thaiv neeg Nyij Pooj, thiab thaum 150-mm tawg ua ib feem tawg tawg, lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog 30 m.

Kev ceeb toom Nyij Pooj thaum ntxov thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws tswj radars

Thawj thawj zaug, cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Nyij Pooj thiab cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem paub lawv tus kheej nrog lub radar txhawm rau txhawm rau ntsuas huab cua lub hom phiaj thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1940, thaum mus ntsib phooj ywg zoo rau lub tebchaws Yelemes. Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1941, Cov Neeg German tau xa lub nkoj submarine kom xa Würzburg radar mus rau Nyij Pooj. Tab sis lub nkoj tau ploj mus, thiab Nyij Pooj tau tswj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv nkaus xwb, uas tau xa los ntawm kev xa ntawv tuaj.

Thawj radars Nyij Pooj tau tsim los ntawm kev ntes British GL Mk II radars thiab Asmeskas SCR-268, ntes hauv Philippines thiab Singapore. Cov radars no muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev rau lawv lub sijhawm. Yog li, SCR-268 radar tuaj yeem pom lub dav hlau thiab kho lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua hluav taws ntawm kev tawg ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 36 km, nrog qhov tseeb ntawm 180 m hauv qhov ntau thiab azimuth ntawm 1, 1 °.

Duab
Duab

Tab sis qhov chaw nres tsheb no tau dhau los ua nyuaj rau Japanese kev lag luam xov tooj cua. Thiab Toshiba cov kws tshaj lij, ntawm tus nqi txo kev ua tau zoo, tsim kho qhov yooj yim ntawm SCR-268, hu ua Tachi-2.

Duab
Duab

Lub chaw nres tsheb tau ua haujlwm ntawm 200 MHz. Lub zog mem tes - 10 kW, lub hom phiaj tshawb pom ntau - 30 km, hnyav - 2.5 tons. Xyoo 1943, 25 Tachi -2 radars tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab tsis muaj suab nrov txaus tiv thaiv kab mob, cov chaw nres tsheb no tsis ua haujlwm ntau dua li lawv tau ua haujlwm.

British GL Mk II radar tau yooj yim dua. Ib qho ntxiv, cov xov tooj cua tsim nyog rau nws tau tsim tawm hauv Nyij Pooj. Cov ntawv Nyij Pooj tau txais lub npe Tachi-3.

Duab
Duab

Lub radar, tsim los ntawm NEC, ua haujlwm ntawm lub nthwv dej ntawm 3.75 m (80 MHz) thiab, nrog lub plawv dhia ntawm 50 kW, kuaj pom lub dav hlau ntawm qhov deb li 40 km. Lub Tachi-3 radar nkag mus rau kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1944, ntau dua 100 yam piv txwv tau tsim.

Kev hloov kho tom ntej ntawm Japanese clone SCR-268 tau txais lub npe Tachi-4. Toshiba cov kws tsim khoom tau txo qis lub zog ntawm lub radar mus rau 2 kW, yog li ua tiav qhov kev ntseeg tau. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas pom tau raug txo mus rau 20 km.

Duab
Duab

Cov radars no feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tua phom loj thiab lub hom phiaj tshawb nrhiav. Kwv yees li 50 Tachi-4s tau tsim tawm txij thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1944.

Hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1943, kev tsim tawm ntawm Tachi-6 ceeb toom ceeb toom ntxov pib. Lub radar no los ntawm Toshiba tau tshwm sim tom qab kawm Asmeskas SCR-270 radar. Tus xa tawm ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb no tau ua haujlwm ntau zaus ntawm 75-100 MHz nrog lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntawm 50 kW. Nws muaj tus kav hlau txais xov yooj yim, tau teeb tsa ntawm tus ncej lossis tsob ntoo, thiab txog li plaub tus txais lub kav hlau txais xov nyob hauv tsev pheeb suab thiab tig los ntawm txhais tes. Tag nrho 350 cov khoom siv tau tsim.

Ntxiv rau cov radars tau teev tseg, lwm lub radars kuj tau tsim hauv Nyij Pooj, feem ntau yog ua raws Asmeskas thiab Askiv qauv. Tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg Nyij Pooj clones feem ntau tsis tau mus txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv. Vim tias kev ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov radars Nyij Pooj, tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg, cov neeg Asmeskas foob pob tawg nyob rau hauv feem ntau tau pom los ntawm kev pabcuam xov tooj cua cuam tshuam, kaw kev sib txuas lus ntawm B-29 cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, xov tooj cua txawj ntse tsis tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tias lub nroog Nyij Pooj yog lub hom phiaj ntawm cov foob pob, thiab xa cov neeg cuam tshuam tuaj rau lub sijhawm.

Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus ntawm Nyij Pooj nruab nrab thiab loj-muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv dav hlau loj

Raws li Asmeskas cov ntaub ntawv, 54 Super Fortresses raug tua los ntawm cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws thaum raug tua ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj. Lwm 19 B-29 puas los ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau ua tiav los ntawm cov neeg tua rog. Tag nrho qhov poob ntawm B-29s koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj txog 414 lub dav hlau, ntawm lawv 147 lub dav hlau tau tawm tsam kev puas tsuaj.

Duab
Duab

Kev ntseeg tau zoo ntawm thawj lub cav B-29 tshuav ntau yam uas xav tau. Vim yog lub cav uas tau tua hluav taws hauv lub davhlau, Asmeskas cov kws tsav dav hlau feem ntau cuam tshuam txoj haujlwm. Feem ntau, kev sib ntaus sib tua puas tsuaj, ua rau pom tsis zoo ntawm thev naus laus zis, ua rau tus neeg foob pob tuag.

Cov neeg tua phom loj tiv thaiv Nyij Pooj kuj tseem muaj cov sib ntaus thiab foob pob los ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas thib 5 thiab 7. Thaum Lub Xya Hli-Lub Yim Hli 1945 ib leeg, cov qauv no tau poob 43 lub dav hlau los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab hluav taws. Thaum lub sijhawm US Navy tua cov khoom uas nyob ntawm cov Islands tuaj Nyij Pooj, cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua tau tua thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj txog ib thiab ib nrab puas Asmeskas cov neeg nqa khoom siv dav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, Asmeskas kev lag luam ntau dua li them rau cov khoom poob. Txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, tsib lub chaw tsim dav hlau nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, B-29 ib leeg, ua ntau dua 3,700 daim ntawv.

Txawm hais tias qee zaum ua tiav, Nyij Pooj lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub tebchaws los ntawm Asmeskas kev foob pob. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim tsis muaj phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Nyiv lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua tsuas yog siv lub nroog loj, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam B-29 ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw siab thaum nruab hnub. Hmo ntuj, thaum Superfortresses tau nqis los rau 1,500 m, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua hluav taws hauv lub dav hlau tsis txaus siab vim tsis muaj lub plhaub nrog lub xov tooj cua fuse thiab cov xov tooj cua tsis txaus muaj peev xwm tswj tau hluav taws hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws loj heev ua rau cov pliaj ploj mus sai. Twb tau nyob rau Lub Xya Hli xyoo 1945, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum cov neeg siv roj av tiv thaiv dav hlau Japanese tsis tuaj yeem tua tau, vim tsis muaj mos txwv.

Hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej, cov neeg siv khoom siv tseem ceeb rau riam phom thiab mos txwv yog Air Force thiab Navy, thiab cov tub rog tsis txaus ntseeg feem ntau yog cov ntsiab lus nrog "crumbs los ntawm lawv lub rooj." Ib qho ntxiv, feem ntau ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau muaj cov qauv qub thiab tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no.

Duab
Duab

Kev tsim cov phom Japanese tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab tau ua tiav ntawm tus nqi qis heev, thiab ntau qhov kev cog lus cog tseg yeej tsis tau coj mus rau theem ntawm kev tsim khoom loj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev koom tes ua tub rog-kev sib raug zoo nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees, cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxaws tau txais rau niaj hnub 88 thiab 105-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Tab sis vim qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus, nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau txawm tias cov qauv.

Txog rau Japanese rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, ntau yam phom thiab mos txwv yog tus yam ntxwv, uas zam tsis tau tsim teeb meem loj hauv kev muab khoom, txij nkawm thiab npaj kev suav. Ntawm cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Nyiv lub hauv paus kev tiv thaiv huab cua hauv ntiaj teb tau dhau los ua qhov tsawg tshaj plaws thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws. Qhov no coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias Asmeskas cov phiaj xwm foob pob hluav taws tuaj yeem tawm tsam nrog kev tsis raug cai, rhuav tshem lub nroog Nyij Pooj thiab ua rau lub peev xwm tsim khoom tsis zoo.

Pom zoo: