Tej zaum hauv hav dej Bengal, Qhov twg txhua yam hloov mus ua hmoov av
Tej zaum hauv roob ntawm Transvaal, Tej zaum - hauv roob Afghan, Los ntawm cov dej dub Sudanese
Ntawm tus dej Burmese ceev
Muaj ib hnub koj tshwm sim
Kom sawv ntsug ntawm cov ntshav ntshav.
(Gordon Lindsay)
Keeb kwm ntawm phom. Cia peb xav, rab phom twg los ntawm cov neeg tau saws ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv peb feem ntau pom hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab?
Qee zaum qhov no tuaj yeem ua raws los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb pom nthuav. Zoo, cia peb hais, xws li kev ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo li Lenin xyoo 1918. Dab tsi yog rab phom muaj feem ntau flashes ntawm qhov screen? Rab phom? Tsis yog, tsis yog rab phom, tab sis yog rab phom Browning М1900. Kaplan tseem tua Lenin los ntawm nws, thiab txhua tus Chekists, suav nrog Vasily, khiav nrog nws.
Zoo, dab tsi txog qhov kev ua yeeb yam xws li "Kab tshoob hauv Malinovka" lossis "Lub Hnub Dawb ntawm Desert"? Cov tom kawg yog tus "rab phom" thiab "Mauser", tab sis kuj tseem muaj qee yam txawv txawv nyob ntawd. Raws li, txawm li cas los xij, hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab hais txog Sherlock Holmes thiab Dr. Watson, nrog tus neeg ruam Lestrade, uas nyob hauv ib qho ntawm ntu ntu qhia lawv "riam phom" los ntawm nws lub hnab tshos.
Los yog GDR Indian cov yeeb yaj kiab … Puas yog cov cim ua rog nrog qee yam uas tsis yog Winchester?
Thiab tam sim no, yog tias peb ua tib zoo saib, peb yuav pom tias "Asmeskas" cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab Indian ntawm lub studio "DEFA", thiab tib yam "Dawb Tshav …" rab yaj phom coj txawv txawv heev. Ntawd yog, hauv European xinesmas, nws tsis yog Colt uas yog rab phom nrov tshaj plaws, tab sis muaj lwm tus, piv txwv li, Vebley-Scott. Thiab, dua, txawm nyob hauv "yeeb yaj kiab hais txog Isdias Asmesliskas."
Tab sis muaj lwm rab phom, uas peb ib txwm pom hauv peb zaj yeeb yaj kiab Soviet thiab Gadeer, txawm hais tias tsis yog txhua tus paub tias nws yog dab tsi.
Zoo, kuv, zoo li ntau lwm tus, thawj zaug pom rab phom no hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Striped Flight". Thaum xub thawj nws yog tus neeg tamer txawv teb chaws, uas nws cov leggings dawb tau tawg los ntawm peb tus tsov. Tom qab ntawd, raws li koj paub, liab tau los ua tus tswv ntawm rab phom, thiab nws coj kev ntshai rau lub nkoj cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Tom qab ntawd muaj "Kab tshoob hauv Malinovka" (1967) thiab "Dawb Hnub …" (1969), qhov twg yog vim li cas ntau tus Abdullah cov tub sab tau ua tub rog nrog rab phom no.
Dab tsi nyiam lawv rau rab phom no?
Feem ntau yuav yog, nws yog qhov loj me me thiab hauv nws qhov tsos, vim nws txawv kiag li los ntawm qhov paub zoo "rab phom".
Cov tub ceev xwm Askiv nrhiav Lestrade nrog Reichsrevolver M1879 yog qhov tseeb!
Zoo, thiab txoj hmoo ntawm rab phom no (tsuas yog tsis yog ua yeeb yaj kiab, tab sis tiag tiag, kev sib ntaus sib tua) kuj tseem nthuav heev thiab tsim nyog tau txais kev qhia txog nws ntawm no thiab tam sim no.
Reichsrevolver M1879 yog
Thiab nws tau tshwm sim uas nws tau txais los ntawm pab tub rog German xyoo 1879, uas yog, tom qab Asmeskas "Smith thiab Wesson" hauv Russia. Qhov xav tau rau rab phom los ntawm tub rog German tau zoo ib yam rau ntau lwm tus: "kev tsim qauv hauv tebchaws" thiab kev tsim khoom, yooj yim, ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim khoom thiab hauv kev pabcuam, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, "raug thiab muaj zog sib ntaus." Lo lus tib yam nkaus Reichsrevolver txhais tau tias rab phom no tau ua haujlwm nrog rau pab tub rog German.
Nws yog riam phom tus kheej tseem ceeb hauv pab tub rog German txog 1908, tom qab ntawd nws pib hloov pauv los ntawm rab yaj phom Parabellum.
Ntxiv mus, nws tus tsim tau tswj kom ua tiav txhua yam uas cov tub rog xav tau ntawm lawv.
Tsuas yog nyob ze rau ntau lwm yam kev tawm tsam ntawm cov xyoo ntawd, nws zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg tshwj xeeb, yog qhov hnyav heev thiab, kom nws sab saum toj, muaj kev tuav tsis xis nyob. Nws tsis paub meej tias vim li cas cov tuab tuab tuab tau ua rau ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Cov thom khwm zoo li no tau paub, piv txwv li, lawv sawv ntawm "rab phom ntawm Poj huab tais Anne" (uas peb tau tham txog ntawm no) thiab hu lawv tias "cov phom loj". Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus hauv lub nplhaib no. Tab sis muaj lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb hauv lub nplhaib ntawm tus kov. Ib txoj hlua ruaj khov tau muab tso rau hauv nws, nrog rab phom ntsaws rau hauv cov mos txwv, yog li thaum muaj qee yam nws yuav tsis ploj.
Qhov ntev ntawm Reichsrevolver ntawm xyoo 1879 tus qauv yog 345 mm, nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 181 mm. Txawm hais tias nws qhov loj me, nws hnyav 1.03 kg yam tsis muaj daim cartridges, uas yog, tsawg dua ib tus xav.
Lub qhov taub muaj plaub qhov nqaj uas nkhaus mus rau sab xis. Lub 10.6 × 25-mm R cartridge yog, txawm li cas los xij, yuav luag ib daim ntawv theej ob qho tib si qhov loj thiab lub zog ntawm.44 Lavxias daim cartridge thiab muaj qhov zoo ib yam ntawm rooj plaub. Los ntawm txoj kev, xav tsis thoob, 10.6 mm cartridges siv hauv rab phom no tsis yog dhau los ua tus qauv rau pab tub rog German thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tab sis kuj tseem muag tau txog xyoo 1939.
Lub thav duab ntawm rab phom yog ib thooj, tsis muaj lub tshuab rho tawm (lub tes tsho tau tsoo tawm nrog lub ramrod tshwj xeeb khaws cia cais los ntawm rab phom). Tab sis tau muab lub nruas tshem tawm tau. Yog li, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tau txhaj ib lub nruas thiab muaj lwm lub thauj khoom, nws tsis nyuaj rau rov rub M1879. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav sai dua rov qab zoo ib yam, thiab tsis ntev los no, rab phom.
Ib hom chij fuse tau muab tso rau sab laug ntawm rooj plaub. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm yog ib qho nkaus xwb. Ntawd yog, rab phom no tsis tuaj yeem tua tus kheej. Tus nqi tua hluav taws yog rau qhov txhaj tshuaj hauv 15-20 feeb. Cov mos txwv mos txwv tshaj tawm - 205 m / s. Pom kev ntau yam - 50 m. Qhov siab tshaj plaws - 400 m. Lub peev xwm nruas - rau puag ncig.
Txhua qhov kev tshaj tawm sau tseg qhov tuav tsis xis nyob ntawm rab phom no. Tab sis … lawv txiav txim siab hloov nws tsuas yog plaub xyoos tom qab.
Reichsrevolver M1883
Xyoo 1883, lawv txiav txim siab hloov kho rab phom tshiab thiab tau txais los ntawm pab tub rog German ua tus "Reichsrevolver M1883" (Lub xeev rab phom qauv 1883), tseem hu ua "Reichs-Commissions-revolver Modell 1883". Hauv pab tub rog, nws tau siv ua riam phom tus kheej ntawm cov tub ceev xwm German thiab tseem tsis yog cov tub ceev xwm hauv cov tub rog, tub rog caij nees thiab cov phom loj. Lub phom me me tau nrawm dua, zoo li yog xyoo 1880 Smith thiab Wesson rab phom tau txais yuav hauv Russia.
Lub chim ntawm rab phom tshiab tau ua luv dua thiab "ringlet" raug tshem tawm ntawm nws. Cov phom luv dua - qhov raug qhov phem dua ntawm hluav taws, tab sis qhov tsis zoo no tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm rab phom tshiab ntawm lub thoob. Thaum kawg, cov duab ntawm tus kov tau hloov me ntsis: nws dhau los ua ob qho nkhaus thiab luv dua. Hloov cov duab ntawm tus ncej thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub nruas axis xauv. Qhov hnyav tau dhau los tsawg dua: 920 grams.
Thaum kawg, tus qauv nrog kev ua haujlwm ob zaug ua rau pom, tab sis nws tau txiav txim siab ua tus qauv pej xeem thiab tsis tau ua haujlwm zoo nrog pab tub rog, txawm hais tias nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov tub ceev xwm ua siab zoo tam sim pib yuav nws ua riam phom. Kev tsim cov qauv pej xeem tau ua tiav tsis yog hauv Tebchaws Yelemees nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem nyob hauv Belgium.
Ntau lub chaw tsim khoom tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim M1879 Reichsrevolvers. Yog li, kwv yees li 70% ntawm tag nrho cov phom uas tau tso tawm tau tsim los ntawm pab pawg ua lag luam riam phom hauv nroog Suhl.
Nws yog lub npe hu ua Zul koom ua lag luam ntawm caj npab, suav nrog cov tuam txhab xws li Spangenberg & Sauer, V. C. Schilling & Cie thiab C. G. Haenel & Tso. Lawv tau tsim phom rau Prussia, Bavaria thiab Saxony. Piv txwv li, raws li daim ntawv cog lus hnub tim 24 Lub Peb Hlis 1879, 41,000 rab phom tau tsim los ntawm cov koom haum pab tub rog, tub rog tub rog thiab cov phom loj ntawm pab tub rog Prussian. Raws li daim ntawv cog lus xyoo 1882, lwm qhov 9,000 rab phom tau tshwj xeeb rau Prussian cuirassiers.
Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 14, 1882, pawg neeg tau txais lwm qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm Bavaria rau kev tsim khoom ntawm 2,795 Reichsrevolvers, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau 428. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 16, 1882, Saxony tau kos npe nws thawj daim ntawv cog lus nrog Zul pawg koom tes ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam thiab tso xaj rau 2,000 rab ntaj. Lwm 2,200 rab phom tau xaj los ntawm Saxony los ntawm Suhl cov chaw tsim khoom thaum Lub Ob Hlis 28, 1883.
Lwm lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm M1879 rab phom rau pab tub rog German yog lub tuam txhab qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Yelemes los ntawm Franz von Dreise.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1879, Prussia tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog nws rau kev tsim 19,000 rab phom. Bavaria thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 22, 1880 xaj 545 rab phom los ntawm Dreise.
Reich rab phom ntawm 1879 tus qauv, tsim los ntawm Dreise tuam txhab, muaj lub thwj rau ntawm tus ncej ntawm tus ncej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv: “F.v. DREYSE / SŒMMERDA , nyob rau hauv lub oval.
Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias lub tuam txhab no tau tsim rab phom nrog ob qhov ua rau. Thawj tus ua haujlwm zoo li tus kheej-cocking system. Tab sis yog tias nws tsis nyem tawm mus rau qhov kawg, tom qab ntawd tus txhais tau muab tso rau hauv ib nrab cocking, thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg tua hluav taws tuaj yeem rub nws kom ntseeg tau yooj yim los ntawm nias lub tswb thib ob, yog li ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm nws qhov kev txhaj tshuaj. Ntawm qhov laj kab ntawm rab phom kom tuav rab phom zoo dua, zoo li hauv Lavxias "Smith thiab Wesson", tau muab "spur".
Qhov txaus siab, cov tub rog ntawm German cuirassiers siv M1879 rab phom ua ntej rov nruab nrog lawv nrog carbine xyoo 1888. Cov tub ceev xwm tsis tau cog lus thiab lub suab nrov ntawm cov tub rog tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog rab phom no kom txog thaum pom P08 Parabellum rab yaj phom. Imperial Navy siv M1879 los tuav cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm nkoj, cov phom loj ntawm tub rog thiab cov tub rog nyob rau ntug dej hiav txwv kom txog thaum xyoo 1906, thaum Tub Rog pib ua haujlwm rau caj npab Luger rab yaj phom. Tab sis txawm tias tom qab ntawd, M1879 tseem txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub chaw logistic, txhawb nqa thiab muab kev pabcuam, yuav luag txog thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom no tau rov qab los rau xyoo 1945, thaum nyob hauv tebchaws Yelemes lawv tau muab rau cov neeg ua suab paj nruag. Zoo, raug ntes raws li khoom plig, tom qab ntawd lawv tau tsiv mus rau Mosfilm thiab mus rau chav khaws khoom ntawm DEFA zaj duab xis studio.
Nws yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas hnyav dua li Lavxias "Smith thiab Wesson" (1, 03 kg qhov hnyav ntawm German tiv thaiv 1, 2 Lavxias yam tsis muaj daim cartridges), Cov tub ceev xwm German thiab cov tub rog tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab tshwj xeeb txog qhov hnyav. Thiab ntau dua yog li lawv tsis muaj kev yws txog qhov rov ua haujlwm. Yam riam phom twg lawv muab - nrog qhov peb yuav tawm tsam, pom tseeb, qhov no yog qhov lawv xav, saib ntawm riam phom no.
Tus sau thiab tus tswj hwm lub xaib xav qhia lawv txoj kev ris txiaj rau Alain Daubresse rau lub sijhawm siv nws cov duab.
