Hauv tsab xov xwm Riam: Kev Hloov Kho Hlau, peb tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub siv los ua cov hniav ntawm cov riam niaj hnub no.
Riam tuaj yeem faib ua ob pawg dav - nrog rab riam ruaj khov lossis "tsau" thiab folding riam lossis "nplaub tshev".
Rau feem ntau ntawm tib neeg keeb kwm, "kho" tsis muaj qhov txwv nyob rau hauv cov hlau lead, tab sis nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm lawv cov kev sib kis tau poob qis - feem ntau tib neeg nyob ib puag ncig lawv txawm tias tsis pom kev zoo riam, peb tuaj yeem hais dab tsi txog "kho" dai ntawm txoj siv? Thiab los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom, neeg feem coob tsis muaj qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb rau rab riam nrog rab riam ruaj ruaj - feem ntau lawv hnav sab nraum lub nroog los ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws, cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab lwm yam zoo sib xws ntawm cov neeg siv. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ntu no, cov riam folding tau nthuav dav dua. Yog li ntawd, hauv kab lus no peb yuav tham txog riam riam.
Txawm hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm "kho", thawj cov riam folding tau tshwm sim ua ntej peb lub sijhawm. Thawj qhov piv txwv tau pom ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Austria niaj hnub nrog kwv yees hnub tsim txog 500 BC. Thiab cov riam uas tau tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm Roman faj tim teb chaws, vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim qauv thov, tuaj yeem muab qhov sib txawv rau cov khoom lag luam uas tshwm sim ob peb txhiab xyoo tom qab.
Yav tom ntej, riam tau hloov zuj zus, tau txais qhov zoo thiab zoo ib yam li qhov uas siv hauv cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho cov txuj ci thiab txuj ci thev naus laus zis ntawm tib neeg, kev tsim cov riam tau dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv kev tsim qauv tsis yog ib txwm hais los ntawm thev naus laus zis - txij li lub sijhawm puag thaum ub, tib neeg tau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ua rau lub neej nyuaj rau nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg hlub, yog li ntawd, cov riam tsis raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txwv txoj cai hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Hauv tebchaws Russia, hais txog riam, muaj ib qho ntawm txoj cai ywj pheej tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb - qhov teeb meem no tau tham txog ntxaws ntxaws hauv kab lus Riam nyob hauv Russia: cov riam phom tsis raug lossis tsis yog? Peb yuav rov qab mus rau lub ncauj lus ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tsim cai lij choj hauv ntau lub tebchaws ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm riam hauv cov ntaub ntawv tom ntej.
Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev pom, rab riam folding yog qhov nyuaj dua li rab riam ruaj ruaj. Tau kawg, ntau qhov nyob ntawm tus neeg siv kev xaiv - qee leej tseem siv riam ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet thiab tsis muaj kev tsis xis nyob tib lub sijhawm, tab sis riam ntawm qib kev ua tau zoo no tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo, thiab lawv cov khoom tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho artel. Ntawm qhov tod tes, koj tau nrawm siv cov khoom zoo, thiab yog tias koj siv cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub ua nrog qhov kev ua tiav tshiab kawg ntawm kev lag luam riam rau tsawg kawg ib ntus, koj li cas tsis xav "rov qab".
Yog tias hauv cov ntaub ntawv dhau los peb tau hais tias pib los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov hlau tsis muaj steel hlau, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, muaj cov yam ntxwv txaus rau siv tau yooj yim ntawm kev siv riam, tom qab ntawd yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv uas ua kom yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb siv cov riam sib dhos tau tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab, mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua XX.
Xauv nruj
Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas trite nws suab, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm rab riam folding thiab tsau ib qho yog tias thawj zaug cov hniav quav. Raws li, kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab nyab xeeb siv rab riam folding, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom ntseeg tau tias kev txhim kho ntawm cov hniav ob qho tib si hauv qhov chaw kaw (yog li tsis txhob qhib hauv hnab tshos) thiab hauv qhov qhib (yog li tsis txhob txiav cov ntiv tes) thaum siv).
Tau ntev, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tsis tau them rau qhov teeb meem no - cov hniav yog, qhov tseeb, tsau nkaus xwb los ntawm kev sib txhuam. Ib me ntsis tom qab, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav -pob zeb tau tshwm sim, uas qhib nrog lub zog nce ntxiv ntawm cov hniav - tus ua ntej ntawm Back Lock.
Cov riam xauv niaj hnub no tau pib ua haujlwm zoo los thaiv cov hniav, uas yuav tsum tau qhib los ntawm kev sib cais los yog txav ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, thiab tsis yog los ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov hniav.
Muaj ntau yam zoo ntawm kev xauv - qhov hais los rov qab Xauv, Liner Xauv thiab nws ntau yam Ncej Lock thiab Compression Lock, Axis Lock thiab nws ntau yam, Hniav Xauv, Xauv Xauv, Viroblock thiab ntau yam ntxiv. Qhov nrov tshaj yog Back Lock, Liner Lock, Axis Lock thiab lawv cov ntau yam.
Qhov Liner Xauv yog qhov khoov ntawm sab hauv phaj ntawm rab riam, uas nyob ntawm pob taws ntawm cov hniav thaum qhib. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv rab riam los ntawm kev qhib thaum quav, cov hlau lossis cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv qhov tuag, uas, thaum kaw, nkag mus rau qhov chaw so tshwj xeeb hauv cov hniav.
Compression Lock zoo ib yam li hauv paus ntsiab lus rau Liner Lock, tab sis lub xauv phaj tau nkag los ntawm nraub qaum riam.
Qhov ntsuas phoo uas ntseeg tau tshaj plaws los ntawm Liner Lock tsev neeg tuaj yeem suav tias yog Frame Lock, txij li hauv nws chav ntsuas phoo yog ib feem ntawm tus tuav nws tus kheej, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm titanium lossis hlau, uas yog tuab dua li cov kab hauv Liner Lock. Lub xauv phaj tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm tus tuav nws tus kheej, lossis cov khoom sib cais txuas rau tus tuav nrog cov ntsia hlau. Thaum ua Tus Ncej Xauv los ntawm titanium, nws feem ntau yog ntxiv nrog cov hlau tawg nyob rau sab xub ntiag txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov phaj titanium los ntawm cov hlau hniav. Qhov kev ntseeg tau ntxiv ntawm Frame Lock yog muab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws tau qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov ntiv tes ntawm tes thaum ua haujlwm, thiab qhov no ntxiv rau kev txhim kho lub xauv.
Riam ntsuas phoo Axis Lock thiab Arc Lock tau suav tias yog qhov ntseeg tau thiab siv tau yooj yim, uas tau xauv los ntawm tus pin caij nplooj ntoo hlav.
Nws yuav zoo li txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua tau twb tau tsim lawm hauv thaj tsam riam xauv. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau thiab ntau qhov kev tsim qauv tshiab tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm cov riam phom qub tshaj plaws yog Back Lock. Nws qhov tsis zoo suav nrog qhov tseeb tias kev ua haujlwm hnyav tau maj mam tsim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, vim yog qhov rov ua haujlwm ntsug ntawm cov hniav zoo li thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm nws qhov kev txhim kho txo qis.
Raws li Back Lock, Asmeskas riam tsim qauv Andrew Demko tsim Tri-Ad Lock rau Cold Steel hauv xyoo 2008. Yog tias nyob rau sab nraum qab Xauv lub zog thauj khoom poob ncaj qha rau ntawm caj npab rocker ntawm lub xauv, tom qab ntawd hauv Tri-Ad Xauv lub zog thaum lub zog ua haujlwm poob rau ntawm qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab lub caj npab rocker ntawm lub xauv wedges lub pob taws thiab tib lub axis los ntawm sab nraub qaum. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub qhov rau khawm caj npab rocker tau ua lub ntsej muag, uas yog, lub caj npab rocker ntawm lub xauv muaj qhov ua si me me, uas tso cai rau nws ywj siab xaiv qhov sib txawv thaum tsim ua haujlwm tawv, tsis suav lossis txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hniav ua si. Qhov no ua rau Tri-Ad Xauv yog ib qho riam phom uas ntseeg tau tshaj plaws nyob ib puag ncig.
Tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias cov kws tsim txuj ci thiab kws tsim qauv yuav tsis tso tseg ntawd, thiab lwm yam kev tsim riam riam yuav raug tsim yav tom ntej.
Txhawm rau kom siv tau yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb ntawm riam riam, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom yooj yim ntawm nws qhib thiab kaw. Qhov no tau ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev tsim ntawm cov sib dhos ua ke thiab cov cuab yeej rau rho tawm cov hniav.
Axial ntawm
Hauv cov riam quav qub, qhov sib dhos ua ke tsuas yog lub qag uas cov hniav tau teeb tsa. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias rab riam qhib nrog creak thiab crunch, nrog lub zog tsis sib xws.
Tom qab ntawd, lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau tau ntxiv rau ntawm lub qag, uas, muaj kev sib txhuam tsawg dua, ua kom ntseeg tau zoo dua qhov rho tawm ntawm cov hniav. Nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov tooj dag thiab tooj liab tooj liab, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov qhib hniav. Txhawm rau txo qis kev sib txhuam, qee zaum cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tau ua perforated (txawm li cas los xij, raws li tus kws sau ntawv, qhov perforation tsuas yog txhaws nrog av).
Qhov qhib txawm tias du dua yog muab los ntawm cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws fluoroplastic. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj zog tiv taus lub zog thauj khoom - nrog cov khoom muaj zog sab, PTFE tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tuaj yeem tsoo. Ib qho ntxiv, feem ntau cov riam nrog cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws fluoroplastic muaj qhov me me rau sab hniav ua si. Qee lub tuam txhab, zoo li Cold Steel, sib txuas hlau thiab PTFE tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no yog kev siv cov kabmob hauv kev sib dhos. Cov kabmob tuaj yeem qhib lossis kaw, nrog cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv, pob thiab cov menyuam sib dhos.
Cov riam nrog cov kabmob nyob rau hauv cov khoom sib dhos qhib sai sai thiab ntseeg tau. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam muaj tus nqi. Txawm hais tias peb tsis tham txog kev nce nqi ntawm rab riam, cov kabmob feem ntau muaj kev sib kis ntau ntxiv, tom qab uas lawv dhau los ua du dua. Bearings nrog cov hlau hlau thiab cov menyuam kuj tuaj yeem xeb.
Yog tias cov kabmob tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo, tom qab ntawd lawv tsis yog tsuas yog tiv taus xeb, tab sis kuj tseem zom zom cov khib nyiab uas nkag rau hauv lawv, piv txwv li, av thiab xuab zeb, thiab yooj yim ntxuav nrog dej.
Feem ntau, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom, peb tuaj yeem hais tau li ntawd - rau kev ua haujlwm muaj zog thiab siv nyob rau hauv xwm, cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hlau yog qhov zoo dua. Txhawm rau siv riam hauv ib lub nroog nrog lub teeb nra hnyav, fluoroplastic kuj tsim nyog.
Bearings feem ntau yuav yog "khoom kim heev", tsis muaj lub hom phiaj xav tau rau lawv siv ntawm cov riam quav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov neeg siv thov pab txhawb rau kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kabmob hauv cov riam quav, qhov nce ntawm tus lej ntawm cov kabmob uas muag muag tau pab txo qis lawv cov nqi, uas ua rau lawv faib rau txhua hom riam riam, thiab tom qab ntawd voj voog rov ua dua
Ib txhais tes qhib
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txiav txim siab qhov siv tau ntawm cov riam quav yog qhov muaj peev xwm qhib tau yooj yim (thiab kaw) lawv nrog ib txhais tes.
Ntawm cov riam qub, txoj hauv kev no feem ntau tsis muab; tsuas muaj qhov me me rau ntawm rab riam, tom qab uas rab riam tuaj yeem qhib nrog ob txhais tes.
Nws yog qhov yooj yim qhib nrog ib txhais tes tsis siv neeg riam nrog rab riam uas qhib hauv qab qhov kev nqis tes ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav - rau qhov no koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nyem lub pob lossis txav me me. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov riam no feem ntau txwv, thiab lawv cov qauv tsim muaj qhov nyuaj ntxiv, uas ua rau lawv tsis ntseeg tau.
Cov cuab yeej yooj yim tshaj plaws rau qhib ib txhais tes yog qhov thiab pins ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov riam. Piv txwv li, Spyderco tau patented ib puag ncig qhov uas tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb tsim ntawm lub tuam txhab riam. Ntau lub tuam txhab siv tus pin nthuav tawm ntawm cov hniav. Ob qho kev daws teeb meem muaj ob qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab yog li ntawd lawv cov neeg txhawb nqa thiab cov neeg tawm tsam. Lub qhov loj hauv cov hniav ua rau nws qaug zog, tab sis tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev txiav. Nyob rau hauv lem, tus pin xav tau lub qhov me me uas yuav luag tsis muaj zog rau cov hniav, lossis nws tuaj yeem ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub platform ntawm lub taub qab ntawm cov hniav, tab sis tus pin "noj" ib feem ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntev ntawm cov hniav.
Tus kws tsim riam phom Asmeskas Ernest Emerson tau tsim qhov hu ua "Emerson's hook" - tus nuv nyob rau sab saud ntawm cov hniav, uas tso cai rau nws qhib tau yooj yim thaum tshem tawm ntawm lub hnab ris vim tus nuv ntawm ntug ntawm lub hnab tshos. Ib tus neeg nyiam qhov kev daws teeb meem no (suav nrog tus sau), qee tus neeg suav tias nws tsis nyab xeeb (thiab tseem yuav raug), ib yam tuaj yeem hais tau tseeb - Emerson tus nuv rub lub hnab ntawm nws lub ris tsis muaj kev hlub.
Cov kev daws teeb meem ua ke kuj tau tshwm sim - ua ke ntawm Emerson nuv thiab peg -platform, uas tseem zoo heev, tab sis ncaj ncees tearing cov ntaub ntawm lub hnab tshos thaum siv.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qia uas pom tau tias qhib lub riam nrog kev siv zog tsawg ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim ntawm lwm hom kev qhib - vim yog qhov hu ua "flipper" - qhov tawm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov hniav tawm los ntawm rab riam tuav thaum quav. Nov yog qhov uas lub tswv yim ntawm "flipping" los ntawm, uas yog, txhawm rau muab rab riam tam sim ntawd, sib txuas nias rau ntawm lub flipper nrog lub zog inertial ntawm tes. Ntawm cov riam nrog cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws lossis cov kabmob, lub teeb nyem ntawm lub qhov kawg yog txaus kom qhib lub riam tag nrho, tsis tas yuav txav tes ntxiv.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm qhib cov riam nrawm tsis txwv rau qhov no, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj ntau. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog hais tias qee qhov xauv, piv txwv li, Axis Lock thiab Arc Lock, tso cai rau koj qhib thiab kaw riam, suav nrog qhib lub xauv thiab qhib inertial los ntawm txhais tes. Tsis tas li, feem ntau ntawm cov riam, ob peb txoj hauv kev qhib ua ke, piv txwv li, tus pin thiab tus nplua.
Yooj yim ntawm kev hnav
Cov riam quav tau raug hu ua "hnab riam" vim tias lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau hauv hnab tshos yam tsis muaj kab txaij tsis ntshai txiav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim. Kev taw qhia ntawm daim vis dis aus ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev yooj yim ntawm nqa cov riam quav. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau tshwm sim thawj zaug ntawm Spyderco Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm riam hauv xyoo 1981. Txij lub sijhawm ntawd, cov riam folding pib nqa tsis yog "hauv hnab tshos", tab sis "ntawm lub hnab tshos."
Rau txhua qhov nws zoo li yooj yim, lub hauv paus no tseem ceeb heev - daim clip yuav tsum ua kom yooj yim rau muab riam "ntawm lub hnab tshos", tab sis tuav nws khov kho, kom rhuav lub hnab tshos kom tsawg kawg thaum tso thiab tshem riam, tsis txhob khawb rau hauv tus neeg siv tes thaum ua haujlwm nrog rab riam.
Qhov zoo tshaj, daim clip yuav tsum tuaj yeem rov kho dua rau cov neeg sab laug thiab cov sab xis, nrog rau tso cai rau nqa riam lossis nce ntawm tus neeg siv xaiv.
Muaj cov txheej txheem sib sib zog nqus, thaum pom muaj riam "ntawm lub hnab tshos" yuav luag tsis pom.
Tsis siv neeg riam, balisongs, multitools thiab lwm yam riam folding, hniav npog thiab tuav cov ntaub ntawv yog dhau qhov uas tau piav qhia hauv kab lus no. Tej zaum peb yuav rov qab los rau lawv hauv cov ntaub ntawv tom ntej.
Thaum kawg, kuv thov saib cov vis dis aus ntawm kev sib dhos thiab tshem tawm cov riam IFS-20, hauv kev tsim qauv uas tsis muaj ib lub hau ntswj.
