Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm

Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm
Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm

Video: Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm

Video: Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm
Video: HORRIBLE MASSACRES at BAKHMUT! 118,000 Russian air force and '350 Su-57 aircraft destroyed' 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm
Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union: 406-mm rab phom ntawm Rzhev thaj chaw kawm

Ntawm qhov chaw kaw ntawm Rzhevsky qhov chaw sim muaj riam phom uas tuaj yeem raug hu ua "Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet Union". Nrog kev ua tiav sib luag, nws tuaj yeem thov lub npe ntawm "Tsar Cannon". Qhov tseeb, nws lub peev xwm tsis tsawg dua 406 hli. Kev teeb tsa cov phom loj tsim nyob rau hmo ua Kev Tsov Rog Zoo Tshaj Plaws tau npaj los tuav lub ntiaj teb kev sib ntaus sib tua loj tshaj plaws "Soviet Union", "Soviet Belarus" thiab "Soviet Russia". Cov phiaj xwm no tsis yog lub hom phiaj los ua qhov tseeb, tab sis phom lawv tus kheej tau ua haujlwm zoo thaum tiv thaiv Leningrad thiab los ntawm qhov no ib leeg tau txais txoj cai los ua qhov chaw tsim nyog hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Tab sis txog tam sim no, lub cim tshwj xeeb rau keeb kwm ntawm riam phom Lavxias tsis txawm tias muaj xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj …

Txhua tus neeg uas tau mus rau Moscow Kremlin, ntawm chav kawm, tau pom muaj lub npe nrov "Tsar Cannon", pov los ntawm Lavxias teb sab rab phom Andrei Chokhov hauv xyoo 1586. Tab sis ob peb tus neeg paub tias nws muaj Soviet cov phooj ywg nyob. Qhov no yog rab phom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Soviet Union, uas dhau qhov kev sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, thiab thaum Tsov Rog Loj Patriotic tau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig Leningrad los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

Nyob rau xyoo 1920s, cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Soviet Navy tau poob qis tom qab cov phom loj sib xws ntawm cov thawj coj hauv lub xeev. Lub sijhawm ntawd, tag nrho galaxy ntawm cov kws tsim txuj ci ntawm cov tub rog siv phom loj thiab cov koom haum ntawm lawv cov khoom lag luam ua haujlwm hauv USSR: I. I. Ivanov, M. Ya. Krupchatnikov, B. S. Korobov, D. E. Bril, UA Florensky thiab lwm tus.

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Designers Ivanov I. I., Krupchatnikov M. Y., Grabin V. G. (ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis)

Qhov kev ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Soviet tus tsim qauv thiab cov chaw tsim khoom siv phom loj yog kev tsim cov cim tshwj xeeb thiab nyuaj 406 -mm rab phom loj - tus qauv ntawm cov phom loj loj ntawm cov tub rog tshiab.

Raws li txoj haujlwm tsim kho nkoj tshiab ntawm USSR, kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab tau muab tso rau ntawm cov nkoj hauv nkoj: xyoo 1938 - "Soviet Union" thiab "Soviet Ukraine", xyoo 1939 - "Soviet Belarus" thiab xyoo 1940 - "Soviet Russia". Kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm txhua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas suav nrog kev coj ua ntawm kev tsim nkoj hauv tsev thiab qhov ua tiav kawg ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, yog 65,150 tons. Lub zog fais fab yuav tsum muab nrawm ntawm 29 pob (53.4 km / h). Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua - cuaj rab phom 406 -mm - tau nyob hauv peb lub tsev tiv thaiv tub rog, ob ntawm cov nyob hauv hneev. Qhov kev npaj ntawm lub peev xwm tseem ceeb ua rau nws muaj peev xwm coj ncaj qha thiab tsom mus rau qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 16-nti nyob rau hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws, tua ntau txhiab phaus phom ntawm qhov deb ntawm 45 km. Cov phom loj ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab tseem suav nrog kaum ob rab phom 152-mm tshiab, yim rab phom 100-mm thoob ntiaj teb, thiab peb caug-ob 37-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua rau txhua lub nkoj. Kev taw qhia rab phom loj tau ua tiav siv qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb kawg, cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws tsis siv neeg thiab plaub lub dav hlau pom, uas lub catapult tau muab rau thaum pib.

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Kev tsim qauv zaum kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm txoj haujlwm 23, Kaum Ib Hlis 1938.

Qhov phiaj xwm 406 -mm turret teeb tsa yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov phom loj, uas txhua lub ntsiab lus - los ntawm rab phom nws tus kheej mus rau mos txwv - tau tsim thawj zaug.

Cov phom sim phom heev MK-1 tau tsim tawm tsawg dua ib xyoos.

Los ntawm kev txiav txim los ntawm Cov Neeg Commissar ntawm Navy, Admiral N. G. Kuznetsov No. 0350 sau rau Lub Rau Hli 9, 1940 rau kev tsim cov kev sim ntawm 406-mm B-37 rab phom, qhov viav vias ib feem ntawm MK-1 rau B-37 rab phom, MP-10 lub tshuab ntau lub tshuab thiab mos txwv rau phom phom (phom, tsub, hmoov thiab fuses) tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Rear Admiral I. I. Grena. Qhov kev xeem, tsim los ntawm ANIMI (Artillery Research Marine Institute), tau pom zoo los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm Navy AU, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Pabcuam Ntug Dej I. S. Mushnov. Lub taub hau ntawm qhov kev xeem yog tus kws ua tub rog ntawm qib thib ob S. M. Reidman.

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Engineer-Captain 2nd Rank SM Reidman. 1943g wb.

Kev sim ua haujlwm pib ntawm NIMAP (Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Naval Artillery Range) thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 1940. Qhov ntsuas tag nrho tau txiav txim siab ntawm 173 txhaj tshuaj nrog qhov xav tias yuav muaj sia nyob ntawm 150 txhaj tshuaj.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm rab phom yog raws li hauv qab no: thawj lub davhlau nrawm ntawm qhov projectile nrog nws qhov hnyav ntawm 1 105 kg - 830 m / s, lub zog muzzle - 38 800 tons, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov hmoov av hauv lub thoob - 3 200 kg / cm2, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov projectile - 45.5 km. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov ua viav vias yog 198 tons, qhov sib piv ntawm lub qhov ncauj lub zog rau qhov hnyav ntawm qhov viav vias yog 196.5 tons. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub thoob nrog lub hauv siab thiab B-37 ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog 140 tons, thiab qhov hluav taws kub ntawm rab phom yog 2.6 puag ncig ib feeb.

Lub sijhawm no, ntau txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm cov tub rog siv phom loj los npaj cov ntsuas ntsuas, uas los ntawm 1940 tau mus txog qib siab heev thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv dav siv cov txheej txheem tswj kev ntsuas hauv kev sim, suav nrog oscillography ntawm cov txheej txheem hloov pauv.

Kev npaj thiab ua qhov kev xeem nyuaj thiab nyuaj siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev npaj cov mos txwv (qhov hnyav - 1,105 kg, them - 319 kg), nws siv sijhawm ntau los khawb lawv tawm hauv av tom qab txhaj tshuaj, sib sau ua ke thiab xa lawv mus rau chav kuaj mob rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas. Ntau qhov kev sim hauv cov txheej txheem sim tau hloov pauv. Yog li, thaum tua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 25 km, txhawm rau txhawm rau nrhiav qhov laj thawj rau kev nce kev tawg ntawm cov projectiles, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov thav duab thav duab nrog qhov siab ntawm 40 meters. Lub sijhawm ntawd, thawj lub davhlau nrawm ntawm cov projectiles tau txiav txim siab tsuas yog los ntawm lub sijhawm, yog li ntawd, tom qab txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov hom phiaj no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov lub xaim txhab puas los ntawm tus nqi, uas tseem hais txog qhov nyuaj. Txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm rab phom B-37 yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, yog li cov ntawv xeem tau tsim los ua tib zoo xav txog txhua yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov kev tua raug txiav txim siab hauv cov pab pawg sib tham ntawm kev koom nrog cov teeb meem thiab tau sib tham ntau zaus ntawm lub rooj sib tham dav dav ntawm pawg haujlwm.

Lub Kaum Hli 2, 1940, kev sim phom ntawm B-37 rab phom, ib feem ntawm MK-1, lub tshuab MP-10 thiab cov mos txwv tau ua tiav.

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406 hli (16-nti) lub plhaub rau rab phom B-37. Central Naval Tsev khaws puav pheej

Hauv cov lus xaus ntawm pawg thawj coj tsab ntawv tshaj tawm, nws tau sau tseg: "Cov kev ntsuas tau ua los ntawm 406/50-mm B-37 rab phom, qhov viav vias ib feem ntawm MK-1 thiab MP-10 lub tshuab polygon muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev." Qhov no yog qhov ua tiav tau sau tseg ntau lub hlis ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov kws tsim qauv tsim qauv thiab sim cov tub rog loj.

Qhov viav vias ib feem ntawm MK-1 nrog rab phom B-37 tau pom zoo los ntawm pawg haujlwm rau kev tsim khoom txuas nrog qee qhov kev hloov pauv.

Admiral ntawm Fleet ntawm Soviet Union N. G. Kuznetsov hauv nws phau ntawv sau cia "On the Eve" rov qab hais tias: "… Thaum Lub Yim Hli [1941] Kuv tau mus rau Baltic … Lub taub hau ntawm qhov chaw kuaj tub rog, Rear Admiral II Gren, thov kom kuv mus ntsib qhov kev sim tshiab, kaum ob -nti phom. "Cov phom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, - nws hais. Thiab, raws li lub neej tau qhia, nws tsis tau hais ntau ntxiv. Lawv kuj tau qhia kuv lub kaum rau -rab phom loj rau yav tom ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov riam phom no - pov thawj tiag tiag ntawm peb lub peev xwm kev lag luam thiab txuj ci ntawm Soviet tus tsim qauv - kuj tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws …"

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Rear Admiral I. I. Gren. 1942g wb.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 19, 1940, nrog rau kev ua kom hnyav ntawm cov xwm txheej thoob ntiaj teb, tsoomfwv Soviet tau tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj hais txog kev mob siab rau kev tsim kho kev ua tub rog me thiab nruab nrab thiab ua tiav ntawm kev tso cov nkoj loj nrog qib siab ntawm kev npaj siab. Kev sib ntaus sib tua "Sovetsky Soyuz" tsis yog tom kawg, yog li kev tsim phom 406-mm tsis tau xa mus. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev sim ntsuas, rab phom B-37 txuas ntxiv mus ntawm NIMAP hauv Leningrad.

Thaum Lub Rau Hli 22, 1941, Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj pib. Hauv thawj lub lis piam, Hitler cov tub rog tau nkag mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Soviet Union. Thaum nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli 1941, kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav tau pib nyob ze Leningrad. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus yeeb ncuab ua ntej nrawm, qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai tau tsim. Kev phom sij txaus ntshai nyob hauv lub nroog. Cov Tub Rog Liab cov tub rog ua siab tawv tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab zoo tshaj hauv txhua qhov kev qhia.

Red Banner Baltic Fleet, mloog zoo nyob hauv Leningrad thiab Kronstadt thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli 1941, tau muab kev pab tseem ceeb rau Leningrad Front nrog nws lub zog ntev-naval thiab cov phom loj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, uas tau npog lub nroog nrog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kom ruaj ntseg thoob plaws qhov thaiv.

Tam sim ntawd tom qab pib ua tsov rog, NIMAP tau koom tes nrog hauv kev daws teeb meem ntsig txog kev npaj Leningrad rau kev tiv thaiv. Hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws, muaj txuj ci, nrawm thiab muaj lub hom phiaj rov txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm tau ua los ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm lub nroog kev tiv thaiv. Vim tias lawv qhov hnyav hnyav, cov phom ntawm cov tub rog tsis tuaj yeem khiav tawm, thiab lawv tau pib npaj lawv rau kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Leningrad.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli-Lub Yim Hli 1941, ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj, txhua yam khoom siv phom loj tau coj mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, pawg phom loj thiab pab pawg tiv thaiv huab cua hauv cheeb tsam tau tsim thiab npaj rau kev sib ntaus.

Thaum npaj NIMAP rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm Leningrad, lub thoob tau hloov pauv thiab 406-mm rab phom (B-37) tau ua tub rog, txhua lub phom loj tau npaj rau hluav taws ncig, tsom cov ntsiab lus nrog lub teeb qhia rau kev tua hmo ntuj tau teeb tsa, plaub qhov kev hais kom ua ntawm cov roj teeb phom loj thiab ob lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv phom tau raug teeb tsa.

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Tus kws tshaj lij tub rog 1st qib Kukharchuk, tus thawj coj ntawm roj teeb No. 1 NIMAP, uas suav nrog rab phom 406-mm. 1941g wb.

Tag nrho cov phom loj ntawm cov tub rog muaj kaum plaub rab phom: ib lub 406 mm, ib qho 356 mm, ob 305 mm, tsib 180 mm, ib 152 mm thiab plaub 130 mm. Phom 406 mm tau suav nrog roj teeb No. 1, uas, ntxiv rau nws, tseem suav nrog ib rab phom 356 mm thiab ob rab phom 305 mm. Cov no yog cov phom loj, muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab muaj rab phom ntev. Tus thawj coj ntawm lub roj teeb tau raug xaiv thib 2 qib kws tshaj lij tub rog Alexander Petrovich Kukharchuk.

Qhov kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli 1941, NIMAP rab phom loj tau npaj los pib ua haujlwm sib ntaus, thiab nyob rau hmo ua ntej ntawm cov lus hauv qab no tau tshaj tawm hauv Leningradskaya Pravda ntawv xov xwm:.

Thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tau raug tua los ntawm NIMAP thaum Lub Yim Hli 29, 1941 ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Krasny Bor lub xeev ua liaj ua teb hauv Kolpino kev taw qhia los ntawm B-37, muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab muaj riam phom ntev ntawm Lub USSR Navy. Thiab twb pib thaum lub Cuaj Hlis, ib pawg ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam tau txav mus rau hauv tib txoj kev txhawm rau txhawm rau hla mus rau Leningrad, thiab rov muaj lub zog tawg ntawm 406-mm lub foob pob nyob hauv lub taub hau thiab tus Tsov tus tw ntawm kem ua rau tsis meej pem ntawm yeeb ncuab thiab yuam kom nws tsum. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas muaj sia nyob tau tig rov qab. Tib neeg cov tub rog tua rog los ntawm pab tub rog Izhora, uas tiv thaiv Kolpino, ib txwm nco txog nrog kev ua tsaug ntau rau cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog, uas, nrog lawv cov hluav taws, tau pab lawv xyoo 1941 los tuav txoj kab tiv thaiv nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Leningrad.

Txij Lub Yim Hli 29 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1941, NIMAP rab phom loj tau qhib hluav taws 173 zaug, rhuav tshem cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntau thiab tua nws cov roj teeb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, rab phom 406-mm tau tua 81 lub foob pob (17 lub foob pob tawg loj thiab 64 rab phom-tho) ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Xyoo 1942, cov phom loj ntawm cov tub rog nqa 9 rab phom tua nyob. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 10, rab phom B-37 tau txhawb nqa kev ua phem ntawm 55th Army hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev sib hais haum Krasny Bor, Yam-Izhora thiab Sablino nrog nws cov hluav taws. Peb lub plhaub tau them nyiaj. Nws tau paub txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm no: "… hauv thaj chaw uas 55th Army tau tuav tiv thaiv, cov tub rog loj sib txawv lawv tus kheej. Hauv ib hnub lawv tau rhuav tshem 18 rab phom thiab 27 rab phom tshuab, rhuav tshem 19 lub bunkers thiab dugouts." Phom 406-mm ntawm cov phom loj ntawm tub rog kuj tau pab txhawb rau cov yeeb ncuab no.

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Hais kom ua thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Naval Artillery Range (NIMAP). 1942g wb.

Nov yog qhov ua tim khawv pom ntawm cov xwm txheej no, tus neeg koom nrog tiv thaiv Leningrad, Nikolai Kislitsyn, piav qhia nws qhov kev xav ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus ntawm B-37: "Kuv nco tau li cas, ntawm qhov ib txwm ua suab nrov nrov ntawm kev foob pob thiab tua ntawm peb cov phom loj. Kuv xav tsis thoob kom txog thaum kuv ntsib tus kws siv phom loj. Nws muab tawm tias nyob rau lub sijhawm ua ntej tsov rog kev tsim qauv thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub nkoj qib siab kawg kawg tau pib. Ib cheeb tsam ntawm thaj tsam. rab phom tau sim ua tiav. Hauv kev txuas nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, kev sim raug tso tseg.. siv los, cov phom loj dhau los thiab khawb cov khawb tob hauv av thaum sim thiab coj lawv mus rau hauv lub xeev kev sib ntaus. Cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau tshawb nrhiav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau txoj haujlwm tua ntawm tus neeg loj no, txuj ci camouflage tau pab nws nyob yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv …"

Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 8, 1942, Lub Hauv Paus Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Cov Thawj Coj Siab Tshaj Plaws ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia kom ua qhov kev tawm tsam txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau thaiv Leningrad.

Kev ua haujlwm pib thaum Lub Ib Hlis 12, 1943 thaum 9:30 teev sawv ntxov. Rau 2 teev thiab 20 feeb cua daj cua dub phom loj rau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab txoj haujlwm - qhov no tau tsoo 4,500 rab phom thiab foob pob hluav taws los ntawm ob lub tebchaws Soviet thiab Red Banner Baltic Fleet: 11 lub roj teeb loj ntawm cov phom loj nyob ze, 16 lub roj teeb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau loj, rab phom loj ntawm tus thawj coj "Leningrad", 4 tus neeg tua hluav taws thiab 3 phom. Cov phom loj ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet kuj suav nrog rab phom 406-mm ntawm cov phom loj ntawm tub rog.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 12, rau 3 teev 10 feeb, nws tau ua cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub chaw tiv thaiv nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thib 8, 22 lub foob pob tawg loj tau siv.

Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 13, nws tseem tau ua cov phom loj ntawm cov kab tiv thaiv, tua phom thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thib 8 thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm zaum thib 2, 16 lub foob pob tau siv (12 qhov tawg loj thiab 4 armor-tho).

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Lub chaw puas tsuaj ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thib 6 tom qab foob pob nrog rab phom 406-hli thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau thaiv lub nroog Leningrad. Lub Ib Hlis 1943

Qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1943, Leningrad tseem nyob ntawm kab hluav taws. Yog tias cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau tsis muaj sijhawm los foob lub nroog nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis lossis Kaum Ob Hlis, kev foob pob los ntawm cov phom loj loj txuas ntxiv mus. Kev tua phom loj khaws cia Leningrad tsis tu ncua, nws tsim nyog tshem lub nroog ntawm lawv. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xav kom ua tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm Leningrad qhov thaiv thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg German fascist invaders los ntawm cheeb tsam Leningrad.

Lub hauv paus loj ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Tshaj Plaws, npaj ua tub rog kom tso thaj av ntawm Soviet Union, txiav txim siab pib xyoo 1944 nrog kev tawm tsam ze Leningrad thiab Novgorod (Thawj Stalinist tawm tsam).

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 14, 1944, kev pib ua haujlwm tau teem rau kev ua tiav kev ywj pheej ntawm Leningrad los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thaiv.

Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 14, rau 65 feeb, cov yeeb ncuab txoj haujlwm tau raug tua los ntawm rab phom loj ntawm Leningrad Pem Hauv Ntej thiab Red Banner Baltic Fleet, 100 txhiab lub foob pob thiab cov pob zeb poob rau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 15, cov tub rog ntawm Leningrad Pem Hauv Ntej tau ua rau muaj zog tshuab rau cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm Pulkovo Heights. 200 rab phom thiab phom tau rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv rau 100 feeb, txhais tau tias khawb trenches thiab sib tham sib trenches, bunkers thiab bunkers. Ntau tshaj 200 rab phom ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet cov tub rog thiab cov phom loj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tau tsoo txoj haujlwm ntawm cov phom loj loj, cov chaw tiv thaiv thiab cov yeeb ncuab ruaj khov.

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Cov yeeb ncuab bunker raug puas tsuaj los ntawm rab phom 406-mm. Zos Liab. Lub Ib Hlis 1944

Hauv kev ua phem, Leningrad Pem Hauv Ntej tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet artillery suav nrog 215 phom nrog lub peev xwm los ntawm 100 txog 406 mm. Kev nyiam ntawm cov tub rog loj-caliber (nyob ruaj ruaj thiab tsheb nqaj hlau) thiab cov phom loj ntawm tub rog tau ua kom muaj kev swb ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab deb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab txoj kev tiv thaiv rau pem hauv ntej.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 15, ib rab phom 406-mm tau tua ntawm lub hom phiaj uas tau npaj tseg hauv cheeb tsam Pushkin, 30 lub foob pob tau siv.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 20, nws tau tua lub hom phiaj hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zos Koporskaya thiab txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau. d. chaw nres tsheb Antropshino, peb lub plhaub tau siv lawm.

Los ntawm 15 txog 20 Lub Ib Hlis 1944, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm Leningrad Front rau kev ua tiav kev ywj pheej ntawm Leningrad los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thaiv, rab phom B-37 tau tua 33 lub foob pob (28 lub foob pob tawg loj thiab 5 rab phom-tho).

Hauv kev ua haujlwm no, lub hom phiaj tus lej 23 (qhov siab 112, 0) tau raug rhuav tshem - cov yeeb ncuab lub chaw tiv thaiv ntawm txoj kev mus rau Pushkin los ntawm sab qaum teb.

Ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hom phiaj no nrog rab phom 406-mm ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua, yav dhau los tus thawj coj ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet, Admiral V. F. Tributs rov qab hais txog qhov no: "Kuv paub txog qhov hu ua tus lej 23 ua ntej. thiab kuv qhia nws kom daws qhov teeb meem "txiv ntseej" qhov phom 406 mm tswj tau cais nws. Ntawm qhov siab 112, tsis ntev los no tau tawg thiab muaj kev sib tsoo loj tshwm sim.

Cov phom loj ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet tau ua tiav cov haujlwm uas tau muab rau nws kom ntseeg tau tias kev tawm tsam ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Leningrad Front thiab kev dim ntawm Leningrad los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thaiv. Rau 14 hnub ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg, nws tau ua 1,005 qhov kev tua, tua 23,600 lub plhaub ntawm ntau yam calibers los ntawm 100 mm txog 406 mm ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Tom qab swb ntawm Nazi pab tub rog nyob rau sab qab teb hnub poob rau Leningrad, tseem muaj kev hem thawj los ntawm sab qaum teb hnub poob, los ntawm Finland, uas nws cov tub rog tau tiv thaiv ntawm Karelian Isthmus li peb xyoos.

Hauv Vyborg kev tawm tsam los ntawm Red Banner Baltic Fleet tau koom nrog 49 lub nkoj (130-305 mm); 125 ntug dej hiav txwv (100-406 hli). Raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm KBF rab phom loj No. 001 / OP hnub tim 2 Lub Rau Hli 1944, ob rab phom ntev ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj, 406 mm thiab 356 mm, nkag mus rau pab pawg phom loj thib peb.

Thawj plaub hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam, Red Banner Baltic Fleet lub foob pob hluav taws tau tua 582 thiab siv ntau dua 11,000 qhov kev ntsuas ntawm 100 mm txog 406 mm.

Thaum Lub Rau Hli 9, rab phom B-37 tau tua ntawm lub hom phiaj uas tau npaj tseg, thaum 20 lub foob pob tau siv, thiab thaum Lub Rau Hli 10, nws kuj tau tua ntawm ib lub hom phiaj uas tsis tau npaj tseg, thiab tau siv 10 lub foob pob. Txhua lub plhaub tau tawg heev.

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob ze ntawm Beloostrov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau, cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no tau txais:

- tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj G -208 - qhov siab hais kom ua, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub zog tiv thaiv. Qhov hluav taws kub tau coj los ntawm rab phom 406-mm. Cov hauv qab no tau raug rhuav tshem: lub tshuab rab phom taw tes nrog rau cov neeg coob, ob lub tshuab rab phom, ib lub chaw soj ntsuam phom. Trenches thiab ib feem ntawm txoj kev kuj tau raug puas tsuaj, yuam cov yeeb ncuab tso tseg plaub rab phom 76-mm. Ntau lub cev ntawm cov yeeb ncuab cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog raug tso tseg ntawm txoj kev;

- tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj G -181 - hais kom siab nyob hauv lub zos Kameshki. Qhov hluav taws kub tau coj los ntawm rab phom 406-mm. Kev ntaus ncaj qha los ntawm lub plhaub tau rhuav txoj kev hla ntawm peb txoj kev qhia, uas tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm kev tshem tawm lub tank thiab tiv thaiv lub dav hlau roj teeb. Hauv thaj chaw uas muaj txoj haujlwm ntawm 152-mm thiab 210-mm cov roj teeb phom loj ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nyob, muaj qhov tawg los ntawm kev tsoo los ntawm 406-mm zoo li.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm Vyborg kev tawm tsam, pab pawg loj ntawm pab tub rog Finnish tau swb thiab sab qaum teb ntawm cheeb tsam Leningrad tau raug tso tawm, tom qab ntawd kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Leningrad thaum kawg tau ua tiav.

Txog rab phom B-37, qhov no yog kev sib ntaus sib tua zaum kawg.

Nyob rau tag nrho lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntawm Leningrad, 185 raug tua los ntawm rab phom 406-mm, thaum 109 qhov tawg loj thiab 76 lub foob pob ua ntxaij rab phom tau raug rho tawm.

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Daim ntawv nco txog ua kev nco txog kev ua tub rog ntawm 406-mm rab phom ntawm Red Banner NIMAP. Central Naval Tsev khaws puav pheej

Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob Kawg, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab los ntawm Navy, daim ntawv nco txog tau teeb tsa ntawm B-37, uas tam sim no tau khaws cia hauv Central Naval Museum hauv St. Nws embossed cov hauv qab no: "406-mm gun mount of the Navy of the USSR. This gun of the Red Banner NIMAP from August 29, 1941 to June 10, 1944 took an active part in the defense of Leningrad and the defeat of the enemy Nrog lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws zoo, nws tau rhuav tshem cov chaw ruaj khov thiab cov chaw tiv thaiv, rhuav tshem cov cuab yeej ua tub rog thiab cov peev txheej ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog Liab ntawm Leningrad Front thiab Red Banner Baltic Fleet ntawm Nevsky, Kolpinsky, Uritsko -Pushkinsky, Krasnoselsky thiab Karelian cov lus qhia."

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406-hli phom phom ntawm Rzhev qhov chaw qhia. 2008 rwm.

Txhawm rau khaws cia cov riam phom tshwj xeeb no rau yav tom ntej, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim Tsev khaws puav pheej Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Khoom Siv ntawm Rzhevsky thaj chaw kawm, uas yuav ua tsev nthuav tawm uas, vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab cov yam ntxwv loj, tsis haum hauv phab ntsa ntawm lwm qhov. tub rog keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej. Thiab cov khoom pov thawj no, ntxiv rau B-37, twb muaj lawm. Piv txwv li, sawv ib sab ntawm 406-mm phom nce 305-mm rab phom ntug dej hiav txwv xyoo 1915, uas tseem tiv thaiv Leningrad thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj, thiab lub thoob ntawm nws, los ntawm txoj kev, tau txais los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua "Empress Maria".

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab riam phom - tank, dav hlau, tsheb, thiab lwm yam - kev txaus siab uas tau loj hlob tas li, twb muaj nyob hauv lwm thaj chaw. Yog li tej zaum nws yog lub sijhawm los teeb tsa lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo sib xws hauv St. Petersburg - lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj ntawm kev siv riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog? Nws tseem yuav tuaj yeem nthuav qhia qhov kev sim thiab sim ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw qhia tub rog nyob ntawd. Thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem tias lub tsev khaws puav pheej no yuav tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw keeb kwm. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj cov tsev cia puav pheej nyob deb ntawm lub nroog plawv, tau mus ntsib yam tsis txaus siab. Nws yuav nthuav kom paub qhov kev xav ntawm Minister of Defense ntawm Lavxias Federation thiab Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm St. Petersburg txog qhov teeb meem no, vim tias kev txiav txim siab los tsim lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshiab hauv xeev ntawm Rzhev qhov chaw qhia yuav tsum tau ua hnub no.

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