Rau peb cov kws saib xyuas neeg tsis ntseeg, Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub yug
(Lawv hais lus yog peb cov lus, Txog thaum peb paub peb tus kheej)
("Los Ntawm Txoj Cai Yug Los" los ntawm Rudyard Joseph Kipling)
Hauv cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe, 67 tus cim haplotypes ntawm R1a1 haplogroup tau tshuaj xyuas, uas tau pab txiav txim siab kwv yees kev taw qhia ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm pab pawg neeg no ntawm nws thaj chaw. Thiab nws tau muab tawm tias, los ntawm Iceland mus rau Greece suav nrog, haplogroup R1a1 muaj ib txwm xeeb ntxwv txog 7500 xyoo dhau los! Thiab nws cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, zoo li rab ntaj, hla lawv cov haplotypes mus rau lwm tus los ntawm lawv cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, sib txawv ntawm ob sab los ntawm ib cheeb tsam keeb kwm - thaj tsam ntawm Balkan Peninsula lossis thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub. Tshwj xeeb, cov no yog Serbia, Bosnia thiab Macedonia, thiab tseem Belarus, Ukraine, thiab Russia tau koom nrog ntawm no. Qhov no yog thaj tsam ntawm cov neeg qub tshaj plaws ntawm R1a1 haplogroup. Thiab qhov kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj plaws qhia peb lub sijhawm thaum nws yog: 7500 txhiab xyoo dhau los, thaum tsis muaj Slavs, tsis muaj neeg German, tsis muaj Celts.
Cov tais diav ntawm Yamnaya kab lis kev cai.
Qhov txaus siab, DNA kev nrhiav caj ceg tau tso cai rau peb kom kawm paub tias ntau txhiab xyoo cov poj koob yawm txwv nyob deb ntawm cov neeg ntawm peb lub sijhawm nyob haum haum, thiab tsis txav mus rau qhov twg ntau. Thiab yog tias qee qhov fidgets tau tsiv teb tsaws chaw, tom qab ntawd tsis muaj cov cim ntawm lawv hauv qhov haplotypes. Tab sis nws tau paub tseeb tias kwv yees li 6 txhiab xyoo dhau los, kev txav mus los ntawm cov tib neeg tam sim ntawd tau pib, uas tau tso nws cov cim tseg hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg ntawm txhua lub tebchaws Europe - thiab qhov no, ua ntej tshaj plaws, yog kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm Indo- Cov neeg European. Thiab tag nrho cov no tau txuas nrog kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab … qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm, raws li nws tau sau hauv phau ntawv qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm Ancient Ntiaj Teb rau qib 5 ntawm Soviet keeb kwm keeb kwm Agibalov thiab Donskoy. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias tus kheej kev paub lus ntawm ntau yam kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws Europe tseem tsis tau hais meej. Txawm hais tias niaj hnub no peb paub tias ntawm ntau haiv neeg yav dhau los ntawm Paleo-European cov lus hauv Tebchaws Europe, tsuas yog cov lus Basque tau muaj txoj sia nyob, thiab qee yam ntawm cov lus hauv cov lus ntawm cov neeg nyob sab Europe sab qaum teb.
Germans nyob hauv Europe. Genetic geography qhia meej tias feem ntau cov neeg German los ntawm cov genotype yuav tsum tau nrhiav niaj hnub no hauv Iceland, Denmark, Norway thiab Sweden. Ntawd yog, cov neeg German yog … Danes, Swedes thiab Norwegians!
Yog li nws yog los ntawm thaj av Balkans thiab Hiav Txwv Dub uas cov neeg ntawm Yamnaya thiab Trypillian kab lis kev cai sib txawv, thiab qhov no tau tshwm sim 6-5 txhiab xyoo dhau los, uas yog, nyob rau xyoo thib peb lossis plaub txhiab BC. Nws tseem nyuaj hais tias R1a1 haplogroup nyob qhov twg mus txog rau lub sijhawm no, tab sis, feem ntau, nws tuaj rau Tebchaws Europe … los ntawm Asia, vim tias tsis muaj lwm qhov ntxiv los rau ntawm no.
Zoo, yog tias koj saib ntawm ib lub tebchaws, piv txwv li, hauv Tebchaws Yelemees lub hauv paus 67-cim cim haplotype kuj muaj nws tus yam ntxwv hloov pauv, thiab lawv qhia tias kev faib tib yam neeg German los ntawm Eastern Slavs tau tshwm sim dua li 6 txhiab xyoo yav tas los Niaj hnub no, kwv yees li 14% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj haplogroup (R1a1-M458) nyob hauv tebchaws Yelemes, tab sis hauv qee thaj chaw muaj ntau dua li ib feem peb ntawm lawv. Tag nrho cov pejxeem ntawm Tebchaws Yelemees muaj "Scandinavian" haplogroup I1 (28%) thiab ib leeg "Western European" R1b1a2 (39%).
Italo-Celts hauv Tebchaws Europe. Celts feem ntau nyob niaj hnub no hauv tebchaws Ireland, Scotland, Wales, ntawm Cornwall ceg av qab teb hauv Askiv thiab Brittany hauv Fabkis, hauv Spain hauv cheeb tsam Barcelona thiab hauv cheeb tsam Poitou, thiab hauv hav hav Andorra. Thiab hauv Ltalis, yog, tseem muaj, nyob rau sab qaum teb, tab sis tsis nyob rau sab qab teb! Thiab qhov no yog dab tsi yog tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm sab hnub tuaj?!
Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov neeg Norwegians niaj hnub no hauv thaj chaw ntawm Norway tam sim no nyob 4500 xyoo dhau los. Hauv Norway, kev faib tawm ntawm R1a1-Z284 tam sim no nruab nrab ntawm 18 thiab 25% ntawm cov pej xeem. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj Scandinavian I1 (41%) thiab Western European R1b1a2 (28%) haplogroups. Cov Norwegians muaj cov subclade ntawm cov qub haplogroup R1a1-Z284.
Hauv tebchaws Askiv, cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom niaj hnub ntawm R1a1 tseem nyob 4500 xyoo dhau los, nrog rau hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Tab sis Askiv thiab Askiv Isles feem ntau tsis yog tus xeeb ceem loj ntawm R1a1 xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv. Tsuas yog 2% txog 9% ntawm lawv ntawm txhua lub tebchaws. Western European haplogroup R1b (71%) thiab tseem yog Scandinavian haplogroup I1 (16%) tseem nyob ntawm no.
Plaub hau liab nyob sab Europe. Auj, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov noob rau cov plaub hau liab tau yug los tsis yog nyob hauv Europe, tab sis dhau ntawm Urals. Vim li cas? Yog lawm, vim tias tsis muaj kev tsiv tebchaws rov qab los, tab sis muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw mus rau Tebchaws Europe los ntawm thoob plaws Urals! Thiab lub ntsej muag liab tshaj plaws tau rov hais dua ntawm "ntug ntawm Tebchaws Europe", qhov twg Celts nyob! Thiab nws yuav zoo yog tias cov neeg no dhau ntawm Urals tau tsiv mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Hallstatt thiab La Tene thiab ua rau Celtic kab lis kev cai nce ntxiv. Thiab Celts, nyeg, tau mus ntxiv rau Sab Hnub Poob, thiab nyob ntawd!
Irish haplotypes rau haplogroup R1a1 tau suav tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob Europe, thiab hauv Isles Askiv ib yam nkaus. Qhov laj thawj nyob ntawm qhov muaj qhov tshwj xeeb subclade L664. Muaj ntau yam hais tias kev sib hais haum ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog thaum ntxov heev, thiab qhov qub Irish R1a1 tau ua tiav ntau dua li thaj av loj. Tab sis tam sim no hauv tebchaws Ireland muaj tsawg heev tus nqa R1a1 haplogroup, tsis ntau dua 2-4% ntawm cov pejxeem, thiab peb lub hlis twg yog koom nrog Western European R1b1a2 haplogroup.
Nws tau siv sijhawm los ua tus tswv rau sab qaum teb, txias thiab roob Scotland. Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm subclade niaj hnub ntawm haplogroup R1a1 nyob ntawm no 4300 xyoo dhau los. Hauv Scotland, tus naj npawb ntawm R1a1 cov xeeb ntxwv poob qis los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb. Nyob rau sab qaum teb, ntawm Shetland Islands, muaj 27% ntawm lawv, thiab muaj tus lej raug txo mus rau 2-5% nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub tebchaws. Qhov nruab nrab, muaj li ntawm 6% ntawm lawv. Tag nrho cov seem - los ntawm ob feem peb rau peb lub hlis twg - yog cov nqa khoom ntawm Western European haplogroup R1b.
Haplogroup R1a-M458 thiab nws kev faib tawm hauv Tebchaws Europe.
Hauv tebchaws Poland, cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm haplogroup R1a1 tau nyob txog 5000 xyoo dhau los (subclades R1a1-M458 thiab Z280). Ntxiv mus, hnub no hauv tebchaws Poland, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm haplogroup R1a1 ua txog 56%, thiab hauv qee qhov chaw nce txog 62%. Tus so yog Western European haplogroup R1b (12%), Scandinavian haplogroup I1 (17%) thiab Baltic haplogroup N1c1 (8%).
Haplogroup R1a-Y93 thiab nws kev faib tawm hauv Tebchaws Europe.
Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov tebchaws xws li Czech koom pheej thiab Slovakia, hnub nyoog ntawm lawv cov yawg koob Proto-Slavic yog 4200 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws hloov tawm tias kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov xeev niaj hnub no xws li Poland, Czech koom pheej, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus thiab Russia tau siv ntau ntau tiam. Hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm yav dhau los, qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib tham yog qhov tsis xav txog niaj hnub no, tab sis cov noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem muab qhov tseeb.
Haplogroup R1a-Z93 hauv Asia. Txiav txim los ntawm cov phiaj xwm no, "feem ntau cov neeg Lavxias" muaj … Kyrgyz thiab … Yav Qab Teb Afghans!
Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias nyob hauv cov neeg nplua nuj Magyar qhov kev faus neeg, cov txiv neej seem nrog haplogroup N1c1, uas tsis ntseeg tias yog thawj tus thawj coj ntawm pab pawg, feem ntau pom, thiab lawv txhua tus tuaj tshiab.
Ntawd yog, nws hloov tawm tias cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm haplogroup R1a nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe 5000-5500 xyoo dhau los, tab sis nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem tsim qhov no kom raug. Zoo, thiab cov poj koob yawm txwv nyob sab Europe, tsis suav thaj tsam Balkan - lub tsev xav tau ntawm txhua tus neeg Indo -Europeans, nyob ntawd txawm tias ntxov dua - txog 7500 xyoo dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, kev coj noj coj ua qub txeeg qub teg ntawm txhua lub sijhawm no tau paub rau peb, thiab peb tsis tham txog kev txhim kho loj dua ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv, uas yog, txhua qib tau kwv yees zoo ib yam thiab rov cuam tshuam nrog cov chaw nyob. Cov neeg uas nyob hauv hav zoov tsis xav tau nees, cov neeg nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tau nyob ua ke hauv cov pawg, qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov hav iav tau txav ntawm cov nees thiab tsheb nees.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias haplotypes rau cov poj koob yawm txwv yog qhov sib txawv nyob txhua qhov chaw, rau cov cheeb tsam sib txawv lawv tus kheej subclades kuj yog tus yam ntxwv. Thiab ntawm no peb ntsib nrog lub sijhawm nthuav: cov neeg ntawm Altai thiab ntau tus neeg Turkic tseem muaj feem pua siab rau haplogroup R1a1. Piv txwv li, Bashkir subclade Z2123 nce mus txog 40%. Haplogroup R1a1 kuj tseem sawv cev hauv thaj av Sayan-Altai thiab ntawm cov neeg Turkic hauv nroog ntawm Central Asia. Rau tib Kyrgyz, nws nce mus txog 63%. Tab sis lawv tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg Lavxias lossis Iranians!
Nws hloov tawm tias nws tsis raug hu mus rau tag nrho haplogroup R1a1 los ntawm ib lub npe, thiab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tsuas yog nrog Slavs yog los qhia qhov tsis paub. Tom qab tag nrho, haplogroups tsis yog pawg neeg, lawv tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov lus lossis haiv neeg ntawm lawv cov neeg nqa khoom. Lub haplogroup kuj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov noob. Piv txwv, xws li haplogroup li R1a1-Z93 yog qhov raug rau cov neeg Asmeliskas, thiab rau cov Levis- pab pawg ntawm Ashkenazi cov neeg Yudais (lawv kuj tau lees paub subclade CTS6), thiab rau Armenians- subclade R1a1-Z93, txawm hais tias R1a1- Z282 kuj tseem muaj nyob ntawm lawv.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv Asia Minor, cov poj koob yawm txwv uas muaj nyob ntawm haplogroup R1a1 tau nyob txog 6500 xyoo dhau los, yog li ntawd ob leeg Armenians thiab Anatolians muaj cov poj koob yawm txwv, lossis ntau tus poj koob yawm txwv nyob ze rau lub sijhawm, tsuas yog nyob hauv ob peb tiam - subclades Z93 ua z282. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub sijhawm 4500 xyoo ua ntej cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm haplogroup R1a1-Z93 hauv Anatolia sib raug zoo nrog lub sijhawm thaum cov Hittites tau tshwm sim nyob ntawd, txawm hais tias muaj pes tsawg tus R1a1-Z93 caj ces tuaj yeem tshwm sim muaj tom qab kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw Cov neeg Turkic twb muaj nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm lawm.
Zoo, qhov xaus yog qhov no: thaj chaw qub ntawm haplogroup R1a1 hauv Tebchaws Europe yog thaj chaw ntawm Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab, tej zaum, Hiav Txwv Dub. Thiab ua ntej ntawd, tej zaum, nws cov neeg sawv cev nyob hauv Asia, piv txwv li, nyob rau sab Asia sab qab teb, thiab tej zaum txawm tias nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj, los ntawm qhov uas lawv thiaj li tau tsiv mus rau Sab Hnub Poob, uas yog, mus rau Tebchaws Europe thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Asia.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov no: niaj hnub no muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txaus los sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm noob caj noob ces, keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm kev lus los tsim kom tau ib yam thiab muaj pov thawj keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim noob neej. Ntxiv mus, nws tau tsim ntev dhau los thiab niaj hnub no nws tsuas yog txhim kho thiab tob zuj zus. Kev sim ua si ntawm qee qhov sib txawv tsis sib xws thiab kwv yees qee yam uas tsis muaj pov thawj hauv qhov nyuaj ntawm tag nrho peb txoj kev qhuab qhia no yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo tsim los rau simpletons. Kev sim ua keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg cov neeg qub yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog kev ua nom ua tswv (thiab ntawm no, los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog Hitler uas tau ua piv txwv tsis zoo!) Thiab tib neeg kev khib: peb tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws niaj hnub no, yog li peb yuav tau txais kev nplij siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias peb tau ua nag hmo loj tshaj plaws! Tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tias txoj hauv kev no tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb, nrog rau "kev kawm" ntawm lub ntiaj teb "poj niam ntawm qhov kub thiab tsiaj reptilian." Txawm hais tias, yog, hnub no muaj phau ntawv uas tib neeg sau txawm hais txog qhov no!
