Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tuag coob ntawm cov tub rog Liab Tub Rog uas raug ntes thaum tsov rog Polish-Soviet xyoo 1919-1920 tsis tau kawm ntev. Tom qab xyoo 1945, nws tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho rau qhov laj thawj vim li cas kev nom kev tswv - Polish Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Tebchaws yog koom nrog ntawm USSR.
Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub xeev txheej txheem hauv tebchaws Poland xyoo 1989 thiab kev rov txhim kho hauv USSR tau tsim cov xwm txheej thaum cov kws sau keeb kwm yav dhau los tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov tub rog liab tau raug ntes hauv tebchaws Poland xyoo 1919-1920. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 3, 1990, Thawj Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm USSR M. Gorbachev tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv qhia rau USSR Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, USSR Tus Kws Lij Choj Lub Chaw Haujlwm, USSR Ministry of Defense, USSR State Security Committee "ua ke nrog lwm lub tuam tsev thiab koom haum. los ua haujlwm tshawb fawb txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg txog cov xwm txheej thiab qhov tseeb los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Soviet-Polish kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog, vim qhov kev puas tsuaj tau ua rau Soviet Sab."
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Tus Kws Lij Choj Muaj Peev Xwm ntawm Lavxias Lavxias, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm Xeev Duma ntawm Lavxias Federation VI Ilyukhin (lub sijhawm ntawd - tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam tsev rau kev saib xyuas kev ua raws txoj cai lij choj ntawm lub xeev kev nyab xeeb ntawm USSR Tus Kws Lij Choj Lub Chaw Haujlwm, tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm Tus Kws Lij Choj Lub Chaw Haujlwm thiab tus pab laus rau USSR Tus Kws Lij Choj General), txoj haujlwm no tau ua tiav raws li kev qhia ntawm V. M. Falin, tus thawj coj ntawm International Department of CPSU Central Committee. Cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam tau khaws cia hauv lub tsev ntawm Pawg Neeg Soj Ntsuam ntawm CPSU ntawm Lub Nroog Qub. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab Lub Yim Hli 1991 cov xwm txheej, txhua tus ntawm lawv tau liam tias "ploj mus", thiab kev ua haujlwm ntxiv hauv qhov kev taw qhia no tau nres. Raws li cov lus pov thawj ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm A. N. Kolesnik, Falin tau rov kho cov npe ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab Tub Rog uas tau tuag nyob hauv cov chaw tub rog Polish txij li xyoo 1988, tab sis, raws li V. M. ", cov npe uas nws tau sau, tag nrho cov ntawv tau ploj mus.. Thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm uas ua haujlwm ntawm kev sau lawv raug tua.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov rog twb tau ua rau muaj kev mloog zoo ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm, cov nom tswv, cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab cov tswv xeev ntawm Lavxias Lavxias thiab lwm lub tebchaws ntawm yav dhau los Soviet Union. Qhov tseeb tias qhov no tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm cov ntaub npog npog los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm Katyn, Medny, Starobelsk thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev tua tus ncej "muab cov kauj ruam no ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev kom pom ntawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, lossis, raws li nws tau pib hu ua, "anti-Katyn".
Cov lus tseeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas tau tshwm sim hauv xovxwm tau dhau los, raws li tus kws tshawb fawb thiab kws tshawb fawb, pov thawj tias tub ceev xwm tub rog Polish, ua txhaum txoj cai thoob ntiaj teb tswj hwm cov cai ntawm kev raug kaw ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, ua rau Russia sab kev coj ncaj ncees thiab khoom puas tsuaj, uas tseem tsis tau raug tshuaj xyuas. Hauv qhov no, General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation tau thov nyob rau xyoo 1998 rau lub xeev cov koom haum muaj feem ntawm koom pheej ntawm Tebchaws Poland nrog thov kom pib ua txhaum rooj plaub ntawm kev tuag ntawm 83,500 tus tub rog liab nyob rau xyoo 1919-1921.
Hauv kev teb rau qhov kev thov rov hais dua no, Tus Kws Lij Choj General ntawm Tebchaws Poland thiab Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees Hanna Sukhotskaya tau hais tawm ib yam tias "… yuav tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav txog qhov kev liam tias raug tua ntawm Bolshevik cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog xyoo 1919-1920, uas Tus Kws Lij Choj General ntawm Russia xav tau los ntawm Poland. "… Kh. Sukhotskaya lees paub nws tsis kam lees los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov kws sau keeb kwm Polish "ntseeg tau ruaj khov" kev tuag ntawm 16-18 txhiab tus neeg.cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog vim "cov xwm txheej tom qab ua tsov rog", kev nyob ntawm "cov chaw tuag" thiab "kev tshem tawm" hauv tebchaws Poland tsis muaj lus nug, vim "tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua tshwj xeeb tsom rau kev tua cov neeg raug kaw." Txhawm rau "thaum kawg kaw" cov lus nug ntawm kev tuag ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab Tub Rog, Tus Kws Lij Choj General Lub Chaw Haujlwm ntawm Tebchaws Poland tau thov tsim kev sib koom ua ke pab pawg Polish-Lavxias ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb kom "… tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv khaws cia, kawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm rooj plaub no thiab npaj cov ntawv tshaj tawm."
Yog li, sab Polish tsim nyog thov ntawm Lavxias sab tsis raug cai thiab tsis kam lees nws, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev tuag coob ntawm Soviet cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws Poland tau lees paub los ntawm Polish Tus Kws Lij Choj Lub Chaw Haujlwm. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2000, nyob rau hmo ua ntej ntawm kev mus ntsib Lavxias Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws Ivanov rau Warsaw, cov xov xwm Polish tseem tau teev cov teeb meem ntawm kev tuag ntawm Red Army cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm cov ntsiab lus xav tau ntawm Polish-Lavxias kev sib tham, uas tau hloov tshiab ua tsaug rau kev tshaj tawm ntawm Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Kemerovo A. Tuleyev hauv Nezavisimaya Gazeta.
Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, tsoomfwv Lavxias tau tsim los tshuaj xyuas txoj hmoo ntawm Red Army cov tub rog raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland xyoo 1920, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, FSB thiab cov kev pabcuam khaws cia ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Xyoo 2004, raws li kev pom zoo ob tog ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis 4, 2000, thawj qhov kev sib koom tes tau tsim los ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm ntawm ob lub tebchaws los nrhiav qhov tseeb raws li kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg - feem ntau yog cov neeg Polish, txij li cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim. qhov chaw feem ntau ntawm Polish ib puag ncig.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom tes ua haujlwm yog luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv Polish-Lavxias sau ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv "Cov Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv tebchaws Poland raug ntes nyob rau xyoo 1919-1922", uas ua rau nws nkag siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tuag ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab Tub Rog. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom sau tau npaj los ntawm tus kws saib hnub qub Alexei Pamyatnykh - tus tuav ntawm Polish Cross of Merit (muab rau 4.04.2011 los ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Poland B. Komorowski "rau qhov tshwj xeeb hauv kev nthuav tawm qhov tseeb txog Katyn").
Tam sim no, Cov kws sau keeb kwm Polish tab tom sim nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv "Cov Tub Rog Liab nyob hauv tebchaws Poland raug kaw xyoo 1919-1922." raws li ib yam ntawm "indulgence" rau Poland ntawm kev tuag ntawm kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Soviet ntawm kev ua rog hauv tebchaws Poland cov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Nws tau sib cav hais tias "qhov kev pom zoo tau pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm Red Army cov tub rog uas tuag hauv tebchaws Poland raug kaw … kaw qhov ua tau ntawm kev xav txog nom tswv ntawm lub ncauj lus, qhov teeb meem dhau los ua keeb kwm …".
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis muaj tseeb. Nws yog qee yam ntxov dhau los hais tias kev pom zoo ntawm Lavxias thiab Polish suav sau ntawm kev sau "hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab Tub Rog uas tau tuag hauv tebchaws Poland los ntawm kev sib kis, kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab raug kaw hnyav" tau ua tiav.
Ua ntej, ntawm ntau yam, kev xav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm ob lub tebchaws sib txawv, raws li qhov tshwm sim tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sau, tab sis nrog cov lus qhia sib txawv hauv tebchaws Poland thiab Russia. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 13, 2006, tom qab kev sib tham hauv xov tooj ntawm tus tuav haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb "Qhov Tseeb Txog Katyn" tus kws sau keeb kwm S. E. Strygin thiab ib tus neeg suav sau ntawm kev sau, tus kws sau keeb kwm Lavxias N. E. Soviet Red Army cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog los ntawm cov tub rog Polish. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb loj heev tau tshwm sim hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm Polish thiab Lavxias sab (hauv qhov piv txwv piv txwv ntawm NE Eliseeva "… nws tuaj rau tes-rau-tes sib ntaus"). Thaum kawg, nws tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua ob qhov kev nyiam sib txawv hauv kev sau - los ntawm ob sab Lavxias thiab Polish, uas yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm no."
Qhov thib ob, nruab nrab ntawm cov tswv cuab Polish ntawm pab pawg sau ntawm cov sau thiab Lavxias keeb kwm GF Matveyev, qhov sib txawv tseem nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm cov tub rog Red Army uas raug ntes. Raws li Matveyev qhov kev suav, txoj hmoo ntawm tsawg kawg 9-11 txhiab tus neeg raug kaw uas tsis tuag hauv cov chaw pw, tab sis tsis rov qab mus rau Russia, tseem tsis tau meej. Feem ntau, Matveyev tau taw qhia txog qhov tsis paub tseeb ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm kwv yees li 50 txhiab tus neeg vim: Cov kws sau keeb kwm Polish tsis suav tus lej ntawm cov tub rog Liab Liab raug ntes, thiab tib lub sijhawm cov neeg raug kaw raug tua; qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Polish thiab Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv; rooj plaub ntawm cov tub rog Polish tua cov tub rog Liab nyob hauv qhov chaw, tsis xa lawv mus rau neeg raug kaw hauv tsev kaw neeg ua tsov rog; tsis tiav cov ntaub ntawv Polish ntawm kev tuag ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua rog; tsis ntseeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Polish thaum ua tsov rog.
Qhov thib peb, ntu thib ob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tuag ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland cov chaw nyob ruaj khov, uas yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm sai tom qab thawj zaug, tseem tsis tau luam tawm. Thiab "qhov uas tau tshaj tawm cov lus dag tsis nco qab hauv Cov Thawj Coj Loj ntawm Xeev Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Archival Agency ntawm Russia. Thiab tsis muaj leej twg maj nrawm kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm lub txee."
Plaub, raws li qee tus kws tshawb fawb Lavxias, "txawm tias qhov tseeb sau" Red Army Men in Polish Captivity in 1919-1922 "tau suav nrog cov kev xav tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm Polish, feem ntau ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua pov thawj rau qhov txhob txwm ua phem thiab kev coj tsis zoo rau cov neeg raug kaw hauv Soviet ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, uas tsis tuaj yeem muaj lus nug txog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov teeb meem no mus rau "qeb ntawm keeb kwm dawb huv"! ntawm kev ua tsov rog, feem ntau yog haiv neeg Lavxias thiab neeg Yudais, cov tub ceev xwm Polish tau ua raws txoj cai ntawm kev tua neeg los ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab txias, nrog pas nrig thiab mos txwv, " "ua pov thawj rau qhov kev ua phem rau kev lim hiam phem thiab kev coj tsis ncaj rau cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Soviet tias qhov no yuav tsum tsim nyog raws li kev ua tsov ua rog, tua neeg thiab ua phem rau cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tua neeg."
Thib tsib, txawm hais tias kev kawm Soviet-Polish thiab kev tshaj tawm muaj nyob rau ntawm lub ncauj lus, lub xeev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau keeb kwm ntawm qhov teeb meem no tseem yog qhov uas tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog pes tsawg tus tub rog Liab tua. (Kuv tsis xav ntseeg tias cov neeg Polish kuj "poob" lawv, zoo li tau ua tiav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Katyn cov xwm txheej, raug liam los ntawm Lavxias cov ntawv khaws cia hauv 1992, tom qab tshaj tawm pom tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau tsim xyoo. " restructuring "cuav).
Cov xwm txheej thesis nrog rau kev tuag ntawm Red Army yog raws li hauv qab no. Raws li kev ua tsov rog pib los ntawm Tebchaws Poland xyoo 1919 tawm tsam Soviet Russia, pab tub rog Polish tau ntes ntau dua 150 txhiab tus tub rog Liab. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ua ke nrog cov neeg raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj thiab ua haujlwm rau pej xeem, ntau dua 200 txhiab tus tub rog Liab, cov pej xeem, Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb, cov neeg tawm tsam tiv thaiv Bolshevik thiab haiv neeg (Ukrainian thiab Belarusian) kev tsim tsa tau xaus rau hauv Polish kev poob cev qhev thiab chaw nyob.
Hauv tebchaws Poland raug kaw xyoo 1919-1922. Cov tub rog Red Army raug rhuav tshem raws li txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb hauv qab no: 1) Kev tua neeg thiab tua neeg. Yeej, ua ntej raug kaw hauv cov chaw pw, lawv tau: a) raug tshem tawm hauv tsev hais plaub, ua rau cov neeg raug mob ntawm tshav rog tsis muaj kev pab kho mob thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj rau kev thauj mus rau qhov chaw raug kaw; b) Ua tiav los ntawm kab lus ntawm ntau lub tsev hais plaub thiab tsev hais plaub; c) tua thaum kev tsis txaus siab raug txwv.
2) Tsim cov xwm txheej uas tiv tsis tau. Yeej nyob hauv cov chaw pw ntsiag to lawv tus kheej nrog kev pab ntawm: a) thab plaub thiab raug ntaus, b) tshaib plab thiab qaug zog, c) txias thiab kab mob.
Qhov Rzeczpospolita Thib Ob tau tsim "loj loj" archipelago "ntawm kaum tawm ntawm cov chaw nyob ruaj khov, cov chaw nyob, tsev loj cuj thiab cov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Nws kis thoob plaws tebchaws Poland, Belarus, Ukraine thiab Lithuania, thiab suav nrog tsis yog ntau lub tsev pheeb suab nyob hauv qhov chaw, suav nrog cov uas hu ua "cov chaw tuag" nyob rau tom qab ntawd European xovxwm, thiab hu ua. cov chaw nyob ib puag ncig, uas cov tub ceev xwm Polish siv feem ntau cov chaw nyob ruaj khov tsim los ntawm cov neeg German thiab Austrians thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, xws li Strzhalkovo, Shipyurno, Lancut, Tuchol, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv tsev loj cuj, cais cov chaw, cov ntsiab lus thiab ntau yam tub rog xws li Modlin thiab Brest Fortress, qhov chaw uas muaj plaub lub chaw nyob sib sau ua ke.
Cov Islands tuaj thiab islets ntawm cov koog pov txwv tau nyob, nrog rau lwm yam, hauv Polish Belarusian, Ukrainian thiab Lithuanian lub nroog thiab cov zos thiab raug hu ua: Pikulice, Korosten, Zhitomir, Aleksandrov, Lukov, Ostrov-Lomzhinsky, Rombertov, Zdunskaya Volya, Torun, Dorogusk, Plock, Radom, Przemysl, Lviv, Fridrikhovka, Zvyagel, Dombe, Demblin, Petrokov, Vadovitsy, Bialystok, Baranovichi, Molodechino, Vilno, Pinsk, Ruzhany, Bobruisk, Grodno, Luninets, Volkovysk, Minskuda, Kov yuav tsum suav nrog qhov hu ua. pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov tswv av ib puag ncig, tsim los ntawm cov neeg raug kaw, ntawm cov neeg tuag thaum lub sijhawm ntau dua 75%. Cov neeg tuag coob tshaj plaws yog cov chaw nyob ruaj khov nyob ntawm thaj av Poland - Strzhalkovo thiab Tuchol.
Nyob rau xyoo 1920s, cov tub ceev xwm Polish tau sim hloov lub ntiaj teb lub zej zog los ntawm kev tuag coob ntawm Soviet cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog vim yog kev ua phem rau tib neeg, hloov lawv txoj kev saib xyuas kom cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws Soviet. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sib piv tau ua pov thawj zoo rau sab Soviet. Txawm hais tias muaj teeb meem nyuaj dua - kev ua tsov rog hauv ntiaj teb, kev cuam tshuam txawv teb chaws, kev puas tsuaj, kev tshaib kev nqhis, muaj kev sib kis loj heev, tsis muaj peev nyiaj - Cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws Russia tau nyob zoo dua rau kev muaj sia nyob. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv cov kev saib xyuas tau raug saib xyuas los ntawm cov txheeb ze ntawm qib siab Bolshevik Poles zoo li F. Dzerzhinsky.
Niaj hnub no, sab Polish lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm kev tuag coob ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland cov chaw nyob ntsiag to. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nrhiav kom txo qis daim duab uas qhia txog tus lej tiag ntawm cov neeg raug tua tuag. Qhov no tau ua tiav, ntawm lwm yam, nrog kev pab ntawm kev hloov pauv semantic.
Ua ntej, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog Red Army uas raug ntes yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg txhawm rau txhawm rau txo tag nrho cov neeg tuag. Qhov thib ob, thaum suav cov neeg raug kaw tuag, peb tab tom tham txog cov neeg tuag thaum raug kaw xwb. Yog li, kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog uas tuag ua ntej raug kaw hauv cov chaw nyob ruaj khov tsis raug coj mus rau hauv qhov chaw - ncaj qha rau hauv tshav rog lossis thaum thauj mus rau cov chaw nyob ntsiag to (thiab los ntawm lawv - rov qab mus rau lawv lub tebchaws). Qhov thib peb, peb tab tom tham txog kev tuag ntawm Red Army, ua tsaug rau White Guards uas tau tuag hauv kev poob cev qhev, cov neeg tawm tsam tiv thaiv Bolshevik thiab kev tsim tebchaws ntawm haiv neeg thiab cov tswvcuab ntawm lawv tsev neeg, nrog rau cov neeg raug kaw nom tswv thiab cov pej xeem nyob hauv (cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm Soviet lub zog thiab cov neeg tawg rog los ntawm sab hnub tuaj) tawm ntawm qhov txwv.
Feem ntau, cov neeg raug kaw hauv tebchaws Poland thiab raug kaw tau thov lub neej ntawm ntau dua 50 txhiab lub neej ntawm Lavxias, Ukrainian thiab Belarusian cov neeg raug kaw: kwv yees li 10-12 txhiab tus tub rog Liab Tub Rog tuag ua ntej raug kaw hauv cov chaw nyob ruaj khov, kwv yees li 40-44 txhiab leej nyob hauv qhov chaw raug kaw (kwv yees li 30-32 txhiab tus tub rog liab ntxiv rau 10-12 txhiab tus neeg pej xeem thiab cov neeg tawm tsam tiv thaiv Bolshevik thiab kev tawm tsam haiv neeg).
Kev tuag ntawm kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg raug kaw hauv Lavxias thiab tuag ntawm Poles hauv Katyn yog ob qhov teeb meem sib txawv uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg (tshwj tsis yog qhov ob qho no nws yog hais txog kev tuag ntawm tib neeg). Kev tuag coob ntawm Soviet cov neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog tsis yog taboo hauv tebchaws Poland niaj hnub no. Lawv tsuas yog sim qhia nws nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev kom tsis txhob txaj muag rau pawg Polish.
Hauv tebchaws Russia, Belarus thiab Ukraine, lub ntsiab lus Katyn tau txhawb nqa ntau txij li lub sijhawm Soviet lig, thiab yuav luag tsis muaj ib yam paub txog kev tuag ntawm kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg nyob hauv tebchaws nyob hauv tebchaws Poland. Niaj hnub no, lub ntsiab, teeb meem tshwm sim hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm Katyn thiab "anti-Katyn" yog tias cov kws sau keeb kwm Lavxias tab tom nrhiav qhov tseeb, thaum cov kws sau keeb kwm Polish tab tom nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig rau lawv lub tebchaws.
Txij li kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem tsis meej rau lawv txoj kev daws teeb meem, Kuv xav yaum tsis yog tsuas yog cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm thiab kws hais lus Lavxias hais lus astronomers uas tau txais txiaj ntsig Polish hla "rau Katyn", tab sis kuj tseem yog cov kws lij choj los ntawm Poland thiab Russia los koom ua ke kev tshawb nrhiav tag nrho thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm "ploj" hauv Polish kev poob cev qhev ntawm kaum tawm txhiab tus tub rog Liab. Tsis ntseeg, sab Polish muaj txhua txoj cai los tshuaj xyuas txhua qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tuag ntawm nws cov pej xeem hauv Katyn. Tab sis nws cov neeg nyob ze sab hnub tuaj muaj txoj cai tib yam los tshuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tuag ntawm Red Army hauv kev poob cev qhev hauv tebchaws Poland. Thiab ntawm qhov muab tso ua ke, lossis theej, rov kho cov uas twb muaj los thaum pib xyoo 1990s. cov npe ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze uas tau tuag hauv cov chaw nyob hauv Polish. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem pib los ntawm rov pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, uas tsis tau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm leej twg. Ntxiv mus, suav nrog hauv nws, ntxiv rau keeb kwm Lavxias thiab Polish keeb kwm thiab cov cai lij choj, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Belarusian thiab Ukrainian sab. Tsis tas li tsim nyog ua tib zoo saib xyuas yog cov lus pom ntawm Lavxias bloggers ntawm kev qhia txog hnub ua haujlwm rau kev nco txog pab tub rog liab uas tuag hauv tebchaws Poland raug kaw hauv 1919-1922 thiab Kemerovo tus tswv xeev Aman Tuleyev - ntawm kev tsim ntawm Lavxias Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Lub Tebchaws Nco, uas yuav tshuaj xyuas kev ua phem txhaum cai, suav nrog thaj av txawv teb chaws, tawm tsam cov pej xeem Soviet thiab Lavxias.
