Ua haujlwm nrog koj cov tis

Ua haujlwm nrog koj cov tis
Ua haujlwm nrog koj cov tis

Video: Ua haujlwm nrog koj cov tis

Video: Ua haujlwm nrog koj cov tis
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Xyoo dhau los, cov thawj coj ntawm Ural kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tau pom muaj peev xwm nce lawv cov ntim ntau lawm. Tab sis yog qhov kev cia siab rau kev nce ntim ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv aviation tau pom tseeb, tom qab ntawd cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv hauv av nyob ze yav tom ntej tuaj yeem cia siab tias qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom lag luam tub rog.

Kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm Lavxias Lavxias tau pib ua rau muaj teeb meem nyiaj txiag: kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm 20 lub tuam txhab lag luam loj tshaj plaws hauv Lavxias hais txog cov nyiaj tau los hauv xyoo 2010, uas tau suav sau los ntawm Lub Chaw rau Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Cov Tswv Yim thiab thev naus laus zis (CAST), qhia tau zoo zog Ntawm cov tuam txhab Ural, plaub lub tuam txhab tau suav nrog hauv cov npe: Ufa Engine-Building PO (UMPO), uas yog ib feem ntawm United Engine-Building Corporation, nyob thib peb; NPK Uralvagonzavod (UVZ) - thib rau, Motovilikhinskiye Zavody pab pawg - 14th, Kurganmashzavod - 15th. Ural Optical-Machine Plant (UOMZ) nyob ze rau hauv cov npe: cov tub rog cov khoom lag luam ntawm tsob ntoo no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 2009, cov nroj tsuag yog qhov kawg ntawm nees nkaum saum toj ntawm qeb duas, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig ntawm xyoo 2010 tseem tsis txaus nyob hauv nees nkaum sab saum toj (qeb duas suav nrog cov tuam txhab uas tsis tau tshaj tawm yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv txog lawv tus kheej).

Lub zog zoo yuav zoo li txhawb qee qhov kev cia siab. Qhov nce ntawm qhov ntau lawm, hauv qhov sib piv rau xyoo kev kub ntxhov xyoo 2009, tau qhia los ntawm cov tuam txhab ntawm txhua qhov kev qhia: ob qho tib si cov khoom siv rau cov tub rog siv riam phom thiab kev ya dav hlau, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm lub teeb thiab hnyav cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev xa tawm kuj tau dhau los ua qhov pom tseeb (qhov no, feem ntau yuav, qhia tau tias kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv xeev tau poob qis). Tab sis raws li kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv twb ua tiav, xaus thiab npaj phiaj xwm cog lus pom, nws qhia tias rau cov xa khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej siv rau hauv av, 2010-2011 muaj txhua txoj hauv kev los ua qhov kawg ua ntej qhov kev poob qis. Tab sis rau cov tuam txhab uas ua haujlwm rau Air Force, kev cia siab tsis zoo li qub. Txhua yam tsuas yog tau txais kev txhawb zog nrog lawv.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm Ural cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib txuas rau cov khoom siv hauv nkoj thiab dav hlau yog qhov ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias UMPO thiab UOMZ cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev muag khoom nce ntxiv, tib lub sijhawm, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm yav dhau los nce yuav luag plaub npaug, tom kawg ntau dua ob npaug.

Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm UMPO los ntawm kev xa tawm ntawm caj npab. Peb lub hlis twg ntawm daim ntawv cog lus tau xaus rau kev tsim khoom ntawm 108 lub cav rau AL-31 ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho. Thiab kuj tseem cog lus rau kev saib xyuas cov cuab yeej tau kos npe nrog Cov Tub Rog Nyab Laj ntawm Nyab Laj, Is Nrias teb, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Algeria thiab Tuam Tshoj. Ntxiv mus, cov ntawv cog lus tau xaus ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab los ntawm Rosoboronexport thiab Lavxias lub dav hlau tsim khoom. Piv txwv li, 30 tus neeg tua hluav taws ntawm Su-27/30 tsev neeg nruab nrog 60 AL-31F lub cav tau xa tawm los ntawm Russia rau Indian dav hlau ib leeg, txhua tus kwv yees kwv yees li ntawm $ 3 lab. Cov khoom siv rau Lavxias kev ua lag luam kuj nce ntxiv: cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv xeev tau nce hauv xyoo 2010 los ntawm 911 lab rubles.

UOMZ kuj tau nce ntim ntau lawm. Feem ntau vim yog kev loj hlob ntawm kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb (los ntawm 10% txog 3 billion rubles). Qhov kev loj hlob no feem ntau yog los ntawm kev nce ntim ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv aviation (64%): lub hom phiaj thiab cov chaw kho qhov muag tau raug xa tawm los ntawm Sukhoi tuav tuam txhab lossis los ntawm Irkut NPK. Ntawm Lavxias kev ua lag luam, ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau cov chaw tsim khoom yog kev hloov plaub lub Ka-52 sib ntaus sib tua helicopters nrog Ural optics rau Lavxias Lub Nkoj Cua.

Tsis ntseeg, hauv ob xyoos tom ntej no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm UMPO thiab UOMZ yuav ruaj khov. Ntawd yog, UOMZ cov ntaub ntawv thov rau plaub xyoos thaum pib xyoo 2011 muaj kwv yees li ntawm 16 billion rubles. Xyoo no, nws tau npaj xa 16 Su-30MKI cov neeg tua rog mus rau Algeria ($ 1 nphom). Txog rau xyoo 2012, nws tau npaj kom ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus rau kev muab 12 Su-30MK2 tus neeg tua rog rau Nyab Laj ($ 1.3 nphom). Nws kuj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account tias Rosoboronexport tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tham ntawm kev muab khoom ntawm Ka-52 thiab Mi-28 lub dav hlau helicopters nrog Brazil. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab los ntawm Anatoly Isaikin, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Rosoboronexport. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo rau ob qho ntawm cov tuam txhab no yog kev qhia txog kev txwv tsis pub siv tub rog-kev koom tes nrog Libya thaum ntxov xyoo 2011: nws tau npaj tsim 12-15 Su-35 cov neeg tua rog rau lub tebchaws no. Cov nroj tsuag Ural yuav tsum tau muab lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm rau txhua tus neeg tua rog (txhua tus nqi 1 lab daus las), UMPO - 2 AL -31 lub cav.

Qhov poob ntawm kev lag luam hauv Libya rau cov tuam txhab Urals no yuav tsis yog qhov tshwm sim tseem ceeb: xyoo 2011, kev ua lag luam rau kev xaj loj hauv tebchaws yuav dhau los ua haujlwm ntau dua. Raws li kev kwv yees ntawm Ministry of Industry thiab Trade ntawm Lavxias Federation, vim qhov xaus ntawm kev cog lus ntawm tsoomfwv Lavxias thiab Sukhoi, kev faib tawm ntawm lub xeev kev tiv thaiv kev txiav txim ntawm UMPO yuav nce mus rau 40%, suav nrog cov khoom lag luam tshiab Su-35 sib ntaus. Txog xyoo 2015, Tsoom Fwv Tsav Tebchaws Lavxias yuav tsum muab 48 lub dav hlau ntawd. Qhov no txhais tau tias UMPO yuav tsim 96 "117S khoom" rau lawv - txhim kho AL -31F.

Nws kuj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account tias los ntawm 2015 UMPO cov phiaj xwm txhawm rau nce kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom loj dua rau TV-3-117 lub dav hlau cav, nrog rau qhov hloov tshiab kawg ntawm VK-2500, uas tau teeb tsa ntawm Mi24 / 28 thiab Ka-50/52. Raws li cov neeg koom nrog txoj haujlwm, los ntawm 2016 qhov kev thov rau VK-2500 yuav nyob rau theem ntawm 2.5 txhiab chav nyob. Tus nqi ntawm txhua tus yog 210 txhiab euros.

Sergey Maksin, Tus Thawj Coj Thawj Coj ntawm PA UOMZ, xyoo 2011 xav tias yuav ua kom muaj ntau lawm ntau ntxiv los ntawm 2.5 npaug hauv kev ua haujlwm dav hlau. Qhov kev nce no yog cuam tshuam feem ntau nrog kev pib tsim cov khoom tshiab ntawm qhov tseeb Ka-52 (Kev Txhim Kho) thiab Mi-28N (Rostvertol) sib ntaus sib tua helicopters rau Lavxias pab tub rog. Ib qho ntxiv, UOMZ tau ua tiav qhov kev ntsuas pom thiab saib xyuas lub nkoj rau cov nkoj loj. Tam sim no lub tuam txhab muaj cov khoom lag luam tag nrho ntawm cov kab ke kho qhov muag rau ntau daim ntawv thov. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm SDO, cov ntawv cog lus nruab nrab tau kos npe rau kev muab cov tshuab optoelectronic rau cov tub rog ua haujlwm thiab cov nkoj pabcuam, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau nkoj nrog ua haujlwm kom txog thaum 2013.

Kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam ntawm Urals kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam nyuaj tuaj yeem txhawb qee qhov kev cia siab. Tab sis kev tshuaj xyuas pom tias qhov no yog ib qho tshwm sim ib ntus.

Thiab qhov xwm txheej hauv av txhim kho li cas? NPK Uralvagonzavod tau tawm los ntawm kev poob xyoo 2009, tab sis feem ntau yog vim muaj kev loj hlob ntau hauv kev muag khoom hauv xyoo 2010 ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau raws li kev cog lus ntawm Russia Railways thiab cov neeg siv khoom ntiag tug. Cov nyiaj tau los hauv kev ua tub rog los ntawm kev muag cov khoom poob qis me ntsis: los ntawm 25, 3 txog 22 billion rubles. Thaum xyoo 2010, 20 lub T-90S tso tsheb hlau luam kawg thiab kwv yees li 160 qhov khoom siv sib dhos ntawm Avadi tsob ntoo tawm ntawm tsob ntoo hauv Is Nrias teb. Daim ntawv cog lus kwv yees kwv yees ntawm 1.237 txhiab daus las rau 223 lub tsheb teeb tsa thiab 124 tso tsheb hlau luam. Hauv xyoo 2010, Lavxias pab tub rog tseem tau hloov kho 200 lub T-72B tso tsheb hlau luam rau qhov ntsuas ntawm T-72BA thiab yuav 63 lub tsheb tshiab T-90A tso tsheb hlau luam.

Yav tom ntej, pom tseeb, UVZ yuav ua kom nws tsom mus rau cov pej xeem cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev ib yam, vim tias lub tuam txhab tsis muaj kev xaj tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua tub rog loj rau xyoo 2011. Qhov tseeb, tsuas muaj peb daim ntawv xaj nkaus xwb. Thawj yog kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kho ib txhiab lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam T-72 rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm T-72M1M lub tank nrog tus nqi tag nrho ntawm $ 500 lab. Qhov kev pom zoo no tau xaus rau xyoo 2007 nrog Syria thiab twb dhau los lawm. Daim ntawv cog lus thib ob hais txog kev pom zoo nrog Is Nrias teb rau xyoo 2011-2012, tab sis tsuas yog nyob hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov T-90 tso tsheb hlau luam, feem ntau yog cov cav los ntawm ChTZ-Uraltrak muaj nqis txog $ 77 lab. Kev lag luam yog ib feem ntawm NPK UVZ. Qhov kev pom zoo thib peb tsis ntev los no tshaj tawm los ntawm Interfax. Raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm no, kaum lub tank txhawb nqa tsheb sib ntaus (BMPT) yuav xa mus rau Kazakhstan thaum kawg xyoo 2011. Nov yog qhov kev txhim kho zaum kawg ntawm UVZ. Lavxias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tseem tsis tau npaj siab yuav nws. Thaj, qhov kev ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm yuav them ib nrab rau qhov kawg ntawm cov ntawv cog lus xa khoom loj.

Nws tau paub tias hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 2011, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias Lavxias npaj yuav siv 12 txhiab rubles los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab. Ntxiv mus, cov peev nyiaj no yuav tsis siv rau hauv kev yuav lub T-90S lub tank, tab sis ntawm kev txhim kho thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm T-72 qub. Cov tub rog ntseeg tias kev kho dua qub T-72 mus rau qib T-90 yuav yog peb zaug pheej yig dua li kev yuav khoom tshiab. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv, nyeg, tshaj tawm tias cov tub rog xav tias Uralvagonzavod yuav muab lub hauv paus tshiab lub tank hu ua Armata hauv ob xyoos.

Cov chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm foob pob ua ntxaij thiab rab phom loj tso ntau lub foob pob hluav taws hauv Russia, Motovilikhinskiye Zavody pab pawg ntawm cov lag luam hauv Perm, npaj siab tsim thiab tsim riam phom raws li tsoomfwv xaj thiab xa daim ntawv cog lus, thiab xav txog qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm xyoo 2011, Motovilikha tau npaj kom ntau dua ob npaug nws cov nyiaj tau los sib piv piv rau xyoo 2010. Thiab yav tom ntej, los ntawm 2015, lub tuam txhab npaj siab ua kom lub xeev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv sab hauv thiab mus txog qib ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm USSR, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm nws cov riam phom tsim rau 60%. Hauv plaub xyoos tom ntej, qhov no yog qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li xav ua kom tiav kev tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm no. Txhawm rau pib txhim kho thiab tsim cov phom loj ntawm 100 mm thiab 152 mm caliber (tam sim no, kev tsim khoom ntawm 120 thiab 122 mm tau tsim). Hauv xyoo 2010, lub tuam txhab tseem tsim kho qhov hnyav ntawm Smerch MLRS. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub kaw lus tau raug txo los ntawm 43.7 (qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv yooj yim) mus rau 25 tons.

Hauv xyoo 2011, Lavxias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tau ua ob npaug ntawm lub xeev kev txiav txim rau Motovilikha. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug cai, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb tau npaj rau kev xa khoom yog kwv yees li ntawm 2 txhiab rubles. Konstantin Makienko, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Lub Chaw rau Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Cov Tswv Yim thiab thev naus laus zis, ntseeg tias kev loj hlob ntawm SDO tag nrho feem ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov kho tshiab thiab xa tawm ntawm MLRS: "Qhov Ministry of Defense npaj siab yuav kom tau txais xyoo no."

Qhov nce hauv lub xeev kev tiv thaiv xaj yog, tau kawg, muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm nws yuav cuam tshuam cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev xa khoom xa tuaj? Txog rau lub sijhawm ntawd, kev faib khoom xa tawm yog 40%. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm rau xyoo dhau los, nws yog nws tus tswv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Motovilikha. Xyoo 2009-2010, tsob ntoo tau xa tawm Smerch ntau lub foob pob hluav taws mus rau Turkmenistan thiab Is Nrias teb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe rau kev xa tawm ntawm rau MLRS rau Turkmenistan. Tab sis twb dhau xyoo 2011, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev xa tawm tshiab.

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo yog nyob ntawm Kurganmashzavod (KMZ). Xyoo 2010, nce nyiaj tau los ntawm 3, 2 txog 5, 6 billion rubles hauv kev ua tub rog nyob ntawm no vim yog cov ntawv cog lus xa tawm loj (cov nroj tsuag muab BMP-3 rau Turkmenistan, Indonesia, Kuwait thiab Libya) thiab dhau 12 xyoos dhau los, lub xeev loj kev tiv thaiv xaj. Muaj qhov nce ntxiv hauv qhov loj ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub xeev (los ntawm 56%) ua tsaug rau kev xa khoom tawm tsam lub xeev cov nuj nqis ntawm yav dhau los USSR thiab cov nyiaj qiv hauv lub xeev ntawm Lavxias Lavxias, nrog rau kev xaj loj rau kev muab BMP. -3 rau cov tub rog Lavxias. Muaj qhov nce ntawm qhov ntim khoom siv rau hauv kev lag luam hauv tsev ntawm cov khoom lag luam tub rog los ntawm 44%. Ua ke nrog cov ntawv thov ntxiv rau Ministry of Defense ntawm Russia thiab raws li kev pom zoo nrog txawv teb chaws, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab hauv xyoo 2010, thiab tseem yog ib feem hauv xyoo 2011. Tab sis twb yog yav tom ntej, KMZ muaj txhua txoj hauv kev kom poob tag nrho cov kev lag luam muag thiab nyob twj ywm yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov kab hauv qab yog tias xyoo 2010 lub tuam txhab tsis ua tiav nws daim ntawv cog lus rau kev muab cov khoom siv tub rog xaj. Lub tuam tsev ntawm lub tuam tsev pab tub rog cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tsim thiab pab pawg muaj kev txhawj xeeb "Tsheb Laij Teb Nroj Tsuag" (uas suav nrog KMZ) tau muab cov lus piav qhia hauv qab no: phau ntawv xaj rau xyoo 2010 rau BMP-3 yog 314 units (75% ntawm lub peev xwm), qhov no yog qhov xav tau yam tsis tau pom dua los ntawm kev pib tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1997. Tab sis cov neeg xa khoom ntawm cov khoom tso tseg: Barnaultransmash tsis tuaj yeem ua kom lub cav muaj zog nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev - hloov 314 units ntawm kev tsim khoom nws muab tsuas yog 200. Tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm 2011 Motovilikha txawj ua cov phom 100 -mm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev ua raws txoj cai lij choj tiv thaiv lub xeev kuj tau hloov los ntawm rau lub hlis. Qhov no tau ua raws qhov kev ncua ntawm kev cog lus cog lus rau kev xa khoom hauv xyoo 2011 ntawm 10 lub tsheb BMD-4M thiab 10 lub koomhaum ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm "Plhaub" raws li BMD-4M rau Tub Rog Tub Rog. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog, Tub Ceev Xwm General Vladimir Shamanov, Kurgan Machine-Building Plant tsis tau lees tias nws yuav muaj peev xwm tsim tau lawv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Igor Barinov, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Lub Xeev Duma Pawg Kws Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv, tau hais nyob rau nruab nrab lub caij ntuj sov tias lawv yuav tsis yuav cov tsheb thiab cov tub rog sib tua ntawm Kurganmashzavod ntxiv lawm. Ntawm cov ntawv thov tshiab, KMZ tsuas yog hloov kho tshiab ntawm 135 BMP-3s, uas tau ua haujlwm hauv UAE txij li xyoo 1991 (tus nqi cog lus yog $ 74 lab). Tsis tau teem sijhawm sijhawm, tab sis ib yam yog paub tias txheej txheem kev hloov kho tshiab yuav tshwm sim hauv ntau theem. Kovrov Mechanical Plant hais tias los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 2010, tau npaj ntau daim ntawv cog lus xa khoom loj, kev siv uas tau npaj tseg txij xyoo 2011 txog 2013. Yog tias cov lus pom zoo no tau kos npe, muaj kev cia siab zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem ua tau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tseem tsis tau meej meej.

Ua tau zeem muag. Rosoboronexport cov kws tshaj lij sib cav tias kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv Middle East tsis tiv thaiv kev xa khoom ntawm Lavxias cov khoom lag luam. Raws li nws, nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo, kev sib faib ntawm riam phom rau hauv av hauv av muaj txog 31%ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm (feem ntawm cov khoom siv dav hlau - 38%, kev tiv thaiv huab cua - 18%). Txawm hais tias yav dhau los qhov kev faib cov khoom xa tuaj rau cov tub rog hauv av tsis tshaj 20% hauv ib xyoos. Yog li txhua qhov kev tawm tsam Middle East tau pab txhawb kev nce hauv kev muab khoom.

Thiab tseem, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntawv cog lus twb tau xaus, nws ua raws li tsuas yog cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv rau cov rog thiab kev ya dav hlau muaj txhua txoj hauv kev vam khom mus tas li. Vim li cas? Cov lus teb nyob ntawm qhov chaw. Ib qho ntawm cov pov thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog tias lawv tau npaj los muab kev lag luam nrog cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog. Piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog lub cav 117S UMPO. Tab sis lub Armata tank nrog cov cuab yeej tshiab tshaj plaws thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm UVZ tau cog lus tias yuav ua tub rog rau yuav luag 10 xyoo.

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