Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana

Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana
Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana

Video: Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana

Video: Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana
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Xyoo 1976, pab tsim qauv los ntawm Czechoslovak tuam txhab Konštrukta Trenčín Co. ua tiav txoj haujlwm tshiab ntawm 152-mm tus kheej-propelled phom loj. Txog lub sijhawm ntawd, riam phom muaj ob peb yam tshwj xeeb uas tso lub suab nrov no rau hauv cov npe me me ntawm cov khoom tshiab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov tub rog Czechoslovak tau muab lub suab nkauj no lub npe hu ua Dana thiab cov ntawv luv vz. 77. ZTS Dubnica nad Váhom, tam sim no nyob hauv Slovakia, tau raug xaiv los ua cov chaw tsim khoom.

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Kev teeb tsa phom loj Dan vz. 77 yog ua raws lub chassis ntawm Tatra 815 lub tsheb thauj khoom nrog lub log log ntawm 8x8 thiab ob sab pem hauv ntej steerable khub ntawm lub log, nruab nrog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ncua kev ywj pheej nrog lub log siab tswj kev tswj hwm. Lub thav duab tau teeb tsa nrog peb lub tsho tiv thaiv kab hlau thaiv thiab cov cua txias, uas tseem muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv hluav taws me me thiab cov plhaub tawg. Cov neeg coob ntawm cov phom loj no muaj tsib tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub cockpit pem hauv ntej muaj chaw rau tus thawj coj thiab tus tsav tsheb. Lawv nkag los ntawm ob lub qhov taub saum toj kawg nkaus. Tus thawj coj ua haujlwm nrog lub chaw tswj hluav taws thiab xov tooj cua kom sib txuas lus nrog cov lus txib siab dua. Tus pej thuam muaj ob lub tsho tiv thaiv ib nrab nrog cov phom loj nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Rau sab laug ntawm rab phom yog cov phom thiab tus neeg nqa khoom ua haujlwm, nyob hauv ib leeg, ua raws los ntawm cov kws kho tsheb sib tsoo ntawm cov nqi. Ntawm sab xis yog lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom thib ob, thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws yog lub tshuab khaws cia ntawm lub plhaub. Hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob lub thawv muaj lub tsheb thauj khoom howitzer, nrog rau txoj siv txav txav tsim los tshem cov mos txwv uas siv. Ib lub chambering mechanism nyob saum lub phom phom. Kev nkag mus rau sab laug yog ntawm lub qhov rooj sab saud lossis sab saud. Tus neeg tua phom siv lub me me tig tig saib, sab hauv uas muaj lub tsom iav thiab ob hom phom phom. Tus neeg nqa khoom thauj khoom yog lub luag haujlwm rau 30-them nyiaj hydraulic semi-automatic loading conveyor nyob hauv ib nrab ntawm ob sab laug. Tom qab lub tshuab thauj khoom no yog lub thawv me me rau cov mos txwv seem (4 ncig ntxiv rau 12 nqi), tsuas yog siv tau los ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob lub turret compartments. Sab xis ntawm tus pej thuam muaj peb ntu. Nyob rau sab xub ntiag muaj qhov chaw rau cov cuab yeej siv ntiag tug ntawm cov neeg coob, nyob hauv nruab nrab muaj lub tshuab xa khoom ib nrab nrog 36 lub plhaub. Lub plhaub tau ntim rau hauv lub tshuab thauj khoom tom qab qhib lub qhov rooj, muab lawv tso rau hauv lub qhov thiab muab pov rau hauv lub yas dhos ntawm lub thauj khoom thauj khoom. Nyob tom qab yog lub rooj zaum ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom thib ob. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus nruab nrab ntawm ob lub turret compartments lossis dhau los ntawm lub thav duab sab saum toj. Tus neeg nqa khoom thib ob tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov semi-automatic loader system. Cov txheej txheem tag nrho no tau ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov mos txwv. Lub qhov hneev taw sab saud kuj tseem siv rau kev siv 12.7 hli DShK 38/46 tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom tshuab. Hauv qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom thib ob kuj tseem muaj lub thawv ntim cov mos txwv rau rab phom tshuab thiab tsub nqi tiv thaiv lub tank RPG-75.

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Duab

Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm rab phom howitzer thaum tua tau muab los ntawm peb qhov kev txhawb nqa hydraulic (ib qho, lub ntsiab, nraub qaum thiab ob qho me me ntawm ob sab). Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tua hluav taws yog 18, 700 metres, nrog tus nqi tshwj xeeb - 20, 000 meters. Cov txheej txheem thauj khoom tso cai rau plaub ncig ib feeb. Nws yuav siv sijhawm li ob feeb los hloov lub phom loj los ntawm txoj haujlwm taug kev mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm tom qab tua - tsis pub ntev tshaj 60 vib nas this. Feem ntau lub foob pob hluav taws nqa nqa 40 lub dav hlau, tab sis nws tuaj yeem nqa mus txog 60 puag ncig yog xav tau. Hauv qhov no, lub plhaub tau npaj raws li hauv qab no: lub tshuab xa khoom ib nrab tseem ceeb - 36 daim, cov thawv ntim khoom seem - 4 daim, lub thawv mos txwv saum toj ntawm lub hauv ntej axles - 2 + 2 daim, lub thawv mos txwv ntawm ob thiab thib peb qag - 5 + 5 daim, lub thawv mos txwv rau lub qag kawg - 3 + 3 daim.

Cov nqi raug teeb tsa raws li hauv qab no: cov khoom siv thauj khoom loj - 30 daim, cov thawv ntim khoom seem - 12 daim, lub thawv mos txwv nyob sab xis ntawm lub cav cav - 13 daim, lub thawv mos txwv nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub cav cav - 5 daim. Cov phom loj li cas siv tus qauv HE zoo li qub. "Dana" yog kev sib sau ua ke nrog cov mos txwv nrog Soviet 152-mm D-20 howitzer. Cov pa luam yeeb thiab teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem muab ntxiv raws li xav tau. Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam, cov phom loj kuj tseem muaj cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank rau nws tus kheej tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tiv thaiv.

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Lub tshuab cua txias-kaum ob-lub tog raj kheej V-hom TATRA turbodiesel nyob rau tom qab ntawm lub tsheb thiab tau siv lub tank 500-litre. Lub cav tso cai rau lub tsheb nrog hnyav sib ntaus ntawm 29 tons los tsim txoj kev loj ntawm 80 km / h, kev caij nkoj ntau txog 600 km. Kuj tseem muaj ob lub khoob 20 litres roj poom. Cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj riam phom ntawm tus kheej, rab phom foob pob thiab foob pob tes rau tiv thaiv tus kheej.

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Qhov teeb meem loj heev ntawm "Dana" yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm thauj khoom hauv av.

Thawj Tib Neeg Cov Tub Rog ntawm Czechoslovakia pib rov tsim kho cov chav ntawm 152-mm towed howitzers ntawm cov phom loj ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua npaj ua ntej, uas yog: thawj thiab cuaj lub tank sib cais thiab thib ob, 19 thiab 20 lub tsheb loj phom phom. Thawj Dana tus kheej-propelled phom loj tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam thaum pib xyoo 1980 los ntawm thawj cov phom loj hauv Terezin, koom nrog 1st Panzer Division. Qhov txuas ntxiv yog 47th Artillery Regiment hauv Plze ntawm 19th Motorized Rifle Division. Xyoo 1981 thiab 1982, cov tub rog siv phom loj thib 38 tau rov ua dua tshiab hauv Kynšperk nad Ohří ntawm qhov kev faib phom loj thib 20. Xyoo 1983, cov tub rog loj thib 8 hauv Klatovy ntawm kev faib phom loj thib ob thiab 362nd cov phom loj hauv Lešany, uas yog koom nrog pawg Panzer 9. Dana cov phom loj tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem thaum lub Tsib Hlis 9, 1980 ntawm kev ua tub rog caij nkoj hauv Prague. Tus naj npawb loj tshaj plaws ntawm Dana cov phom loj, 408 daim, tau ua haujlwm nrog Pab Pawg Tib Neeg ntawm Czechoslovakia thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1992. Tom qab kev faib Czechoslovakia rau hauv ob lub xeev ywj pheej, pab tub rog ntawm Czech koom pheej (ACR) tau txais 273 chav nyob, cov tub rog uas tau tsim tshiab ntawm Slovak Republic 135 units. Niaj hnub no cov tub rog ntawm Czech koom pheej muaj 209 Danes, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv cia. Cov Dans tau ceeb toom hauv Tshooj 13 Artillery Brigade hauv Jince. Pawg tub rog muaj ob pawg tub rog sib xyaw ua ke (131st thiab 132nd), thawj qhov nyob nrog cov lus txib hauv Jince, thib ob yog hauv Pardubice, tabsis tseem yuav tsum tau xa mus rau Jice. Dans yuav tsum tau ua tub rog ua haujlwm kom txog thaum 2014 vim qhov kawg ntawm lawv cov kev pabcuam.

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Dubnice nad Vagom cog tau tsim tag nrho ntawm 672 Dana nroj tsuag, qee qhov uas tau xa tawm. Cov tub rog Polish tau txais 111 howitzers. Thawj ntawm lawv tau xa hauv 1983 thiab tseem ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Polish. Libya tau txais tus lej tsis paub ntawm Danes, tab sis tsawg kawg 27 chav nyob. Tsawg kawg 12 lub foob pob Dana tau pom thaum pov tseg ntawm pab tub rog Georgia.

Zaj dab neeg tshwj xeeb nrog kev pabcuam "Dana" hauv pab tub rog ntawm Soviet Union, uas tau txais 126 chav nyob. Nws yuav luag tsuas yog kev siv riam phom siv los ntawm pab tub rog Soviet, tab sis tsis tsim thiab tsim tawm hauv Soviet Union. Lawv tau siv nyob rau qhov txwv tsawg.

Xyoo 1979, ntawm Rzhev cov phom loj ntau, kev xeem tsim nyog ntawm ob qhov piv txwv Dana tau ua tiav, uas, raws li qhov xav tau, qhia qhov tsis muaj qhov zoo ntawm Czechoslovak howitzer cannon hla nws cov neeg hauv tsev. Xyoo 1983, ib tsab ntawv tau xa mus rau Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm los ntawm GRAU ntawm USSR Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg txog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev muab Dana kev teeb tsa rau Soviet Union.

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Txawm li cas los xij, hauv tib lub xyoo 1983, tau txiav txim siab los lees txais qee qhov vz. 77 rau kev sim ua tub rog ua haujlwm hauv USSR. Txog qhov no, tus lej ntawm tus kheej-propelled units tau yuav hauv Czechoslovakia. Txog li ib xyoos, "Dans" tau sim ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd lawv tau rov qab mus rau Czechoslovakia. Xyoo 1985, tau hais rau Minister of Defense ntawm USSR, Marshal ntawm Soviet Union S. L. Sokolov, tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom txog kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm LNG "Dana". Tom qab nws txiav txim siab, Pawg Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws ntawm USSR tau tshaj tawm rau Lub Kaum Hli 25, 1986, xaj xaj 2151rs "Ntawm kev yuav 152-mm tus kheej-Dana tus kheej-propelled cannons los ntawm Czechoslovakia xyoo 1987-89.

Kev xa khoom tau nqa tawm hauv 1987-1989. thiab Danes tau ua haujlwm nrog 211st Artillery Brigade los ntawm Pab Pawg Nruab Nrab ntawm Cov Tub Rog, nyob hauv Jeseník tom qab kev txeeb chaw ntawm Czechoslovakia thaum Lub Yim Hli 21, 1968. Txog thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev phom sij, 211 pawg tub rog muaj plaub qhov kev sib cais, nruab nrog D-20 phom rub thiab 2S5 phom tua tus kheej. Nrog qhov pib hloov pauv cov khoom siv, kev hloov pauv mus rau lub xeev tshiab: tam sim no nws suav nrog tsib qhov kev sib cais, txhua tus muaj peb lub roj teeb loj ntawm 8 rab phom sib xyaw. Raws li ntawm 02.02.1990, pawg tub rog muaj 104 Dana teeb tsa. Ntxiv nrog rau pab tub rog ntawm TsGV, vz. 77 nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw cob qhia rab phom loj, nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Cheeb Tsam Tub Rog Tub Rog hauv tebchaws. Tom qab kev tshem tawm ntawm Pawg Pab Pawg Nruab Nrab ntawm Czechoslovakia, cov tub rog 211 tau suav nrog cov tub rog ntawm Cheeb Tsam Tub Rog Tub Rog Moscow thiab rov ua haujlwm rau lub zos Mulino, Cheeb Tsam Gorky. Cov khoom siv ntawm pawg tub rog tau xa mus rau Kazakhstan thiab tseem nyob ntawd.

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Raws li cov tub ceev xwm uas tau ua haujlwm hauv 211 pawg tub rog, cov tub rog loj ntawm "Dana" tau nkag siab zoo rau kev ua haujlwm, thiab nws tau dhau los ua "sib tw", vim li no muaj ntau qhov ua tsis tiav. Qee qhov kev qhuas tau muab rau kev tswj hwm ntawm yim lub log uas muaj log, uas tau dhau los ua qhov siab dua li ntawm BTR-70. Lub vojvoog tig ntawm lub phom loj tau tso cai rau nws tsav tsheb hauv qhov chaw nqaim hauv ib qib, qhov uas cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau tsav nrog lub iav rov qab hauv ob theem.

Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana
Phom phom tua tus kheej-howitzer vz. 77 Dana

Kev siv phom tua tus kheej-howitzer "Dana" tau siv thawj zaug hauv yim caum thaum lub sijhawm ua tub rog ntawm Gaddafi cov tub rog hauv Chad. Kev siv kev sib ntaus ntxiv yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2008, thaum Georgian "Dans" koom nrog kev tawm tsam nrog pab tub rog Lavxias thaum muaj kev sib cav hauv South Ossetia. Tom qab ntawd cov tub rog Georgian, thim rov qab, thawb peb "Dans", uas tau raug ntes los ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias. Txij li xyoo 2008, 5 Dana howitzers tau ua tiav siv los ntawm cov neeg sib tw Polish ntawm lub hauv paus hauv Ghazni hauv Afghanistan uas yog ib feem ntawm pawg tub rog loj thib 23.

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Duab

Nyob rau xyoo 80s muaj kev sim ua kom zoo dua qub "Dana". Tsuas yog qee tus tau hloov kho tshiab thiab npe hu ua Ondava. Lub thoob tau nthuav dav los ntawm yuav luag 2 meters, thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv tau ua rau cov cuab yeej siv riam phom thiab lub cockpit. Tus neeg tua phom tau txais cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tshiab thiab lub teeb pom kev hmo ntuj pom kev. Raws li Dana vz. 77, Zuzana rab phom-howitzer tshiab tau tsim, tab sis qhov ntawd yog lwm zaj dab neeg.

Tactical thiab kev yam ntxwv

Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: TSG Hejnice, NC

Lub Sijhawm Ntau Lawm: 1980 - 1989

Tsim tawm: 672

Cov neeg: 5

Kev sib ntaus hnyav (kg): 28, 100 (suav nrog 40 txhaj tshuaj), 29, 250 (suav nrog 60 txhaj tshuaj)

Zuag qhia tag nrho ntev (hli): 11, 156 (nrog rau pem hauv ntej), 8, 870 (lub cev ntev)

Dav dav (hli): 3, 000

Zuag qhia tag nrho qhov siab (hli): 3, 350

Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb: 152 mm howitzer

Caliber (hli): 152, 4

Qhov projectile muzzle nrawm (m / s): 693

Ntau qhov kev tua ntau nrog qhov projectile tshwj xeeb (m): 20,000

Ntau qhov kev tua ntau tshaj nrog tus qauv projectile (m): 18, 700

Yam tsawg kawg nkaus (m): 4600

Ntsug qhia lub kaum sab xis (°): -4 txog +70

Kab rov tav qhia lub kaum sab xis (°): ± 225

Lub hom phiaj rau kaw txoj haujlwm tua (°): -45

Tus nqi tua hluav taws:

- nrog kev thauj khoom tsis siv neeg (puag ncig / min): 9

- nrog phau ntawv thauj khoom (ncig / feeb): 4

Tus naj npawb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hauv tsheb them: 36

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov nqi thauj: 40-60

Cov cuab yeej ntxiv: 12, 7-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom tshuab 38 / 46M DShKM

Cav: Tatra T3-12-930.52V-Diesel cua txias thiab turbocharged

Lub cav fais fab (kW) 265 @ 2200 rpm

Txoj kev ceev (km / h:) 80 (siab tshaj)

Hla lub tebchaws nrawm (km / h): 25 (nruab nrab)

Kev caij nkoj ntawm txoj kev (km): 600

Kev tshem tawm hauv av (hli): 410

Gradient: (°) 30

Sab qaij: (°) 15

Kov yeej cov teeb meem ntsug (hli): 600

Wading qhov tob (hli): 1,400

Taug qab:

Pem hauv ntej qag (hli): 2000

Tsheb qag (hli): 1950

Logbase (hli): 1, 650 + 2, 970 + 1, 450

Kev siv roj ntawm txoj kev loj (l / 100 km): 65

Kev siv roj ntau tshaj qhov av ntxhib (l / 100 km): 80 txog 178

Kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus (min.): 2

Kev hloov pauv ntawm txoj haujlwm sib ntaus mus rau txoj haujlwm khaws tseg (min.): 1

Pom zoo: