Zaj dab neeg no ua rau kuv nyiam mloog tau ntev thiab tau hais hauv kuv phau ntawv Viktor Suvorov dag! Sink lub 2013 Icebreaker. Muaj ib feem loj hais txog Romania thiab Romanian cov roj, uas kuv tsis lees paub Viktor Suvorov thesis tias rov qab los ntawm Bessarabia ua rau lub teb chaws Yelemees tawm tsam USSR. Ua ntej, kev rov qab los ntawm Bessarabia tau tshwm sim nrog kev pom zoo ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Qhov thib ob, thaj chaw roj tau raug tswj hwm los ntawm Romanian pab tub rog nrog kev ntiab tawm ntawm Askiv thiab Fab Kis cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muaj cov haujlwm no thaum Lub Xya Hli 3, 1940, peb hnub tom qab Soviet pab tub rog thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 1940 tsim kev tswj hwm Bessarabia.
Tab sis peb tsis tham txog roj, tab sis hais txog riam phom, mos txwv thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog tshuav los ntawm cov neeg Romanians hauv Bessarabia, uas yog thaum ntawd feem ntau tau rov qab mus rau Romanians thiab xa tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg tias "khaws riam phom tso tseg," los ntawm qhov uas nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov tub rog Romanian tau khiav tawm ntawm kev ntshai los ntawm Bessarabia, tso phom ntev, phom tshuab, rab phom, rab phom.
Thaum tshawb nrhiav cov khoom lag luam ntawm RGVA cov nyiaj, Kuv tau hla cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Ministry of War of Romania, ntawm qhov uas yog rooj plaub ntawm kev xa cov riam phom no thiab cov cuab yeej ua tub rog. Nws tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom saib mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv - tej zaum lawv yuav muaj qee cov ntsiab lus nthuav ntawm qhov coj txawv txawv thiab paub tsis meej. Kuv yuav hais tam sim ntawd tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau qhia tawm txhua qhov zais cia, tab sis lawv tau muab qee yam ntxim nyiam, uas tso cai rau peb saib mus rau qhov tawm ntawm cov tub rog Romanian los ntawm Bessarabia los ntawm qhov sib txawv me ntsis.
Lawv yog tub rog khaws khoom
Tsis muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lawv txhua tus txhawj xeeb txog kev xa riam phom, mos txwv thiab khoom siv tub rog tawm hauv Bessarabia thiab Sab Qaum Teb Bukovina. Lawv hais txog kev faib dav dav Aurel Aldea, uas thaum lub sijhawm cov xwm txheej tau hais kom Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Tub Rog Thib 4 thiab thawj tus thawj coj ua haujlwm rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev khiav tawm ntawm cov tub rog Romanian los ntawm Bessarabia thiab Sab Qaum Teb Bukovina, thiab tom qab ntawd tau coj lub luag haujlwm hauv Odessa rau kev rov qab los ntawm tso Romanian riam phom thiab khoom (RGVA, f. 492k, op. 1, d. 9, l. 15). Tom qab ntawd, nws tau txib tus thib 2 thiab tom qab ntawd yog Pab Pawg Tub Rog 7. General Aldea yog tus nrog sib ntaus ntawm kev ua rog nrog USSR thiab yog ib feem ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas tau npaj cov phiaj xwm yuav hla mus rau ib sab ntawm pab pawg tawm tsam Hitler, thiab tom qab ntawd tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tawm tsam uas rhuav tshem General Ion Antonescu.
Cov ntaub ntawv txaus nyiam tshaj plaws los ntawm rooj plaub no yog cov npe riam phom, mos txwv thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, uas sib piv cov nyiaj tshuav nrog cov nyiaj rov qab los thaum 8:00 thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 1940. Cov ntawv tau nyob hauv daim nplaub tshev dub cais, tsim tau zoo heev, ntawm daim ntawv zoo, nrog cov duab kos zoo nkauj. Txhua nplooj ntawv ntawm daim ntawv tau thwj cim "Tsis pub leej twg paub". Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Romanian War Ministry tau sib txawv los ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, thiab daim duab thiab kab kos feem ntau yog ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab. Zoo dua li ntawv German.
Thaj, daim ntawv no tau xa mus rau Minister of War, General Josif Iacobici, lossis tseem mus rau Antonescu nws tus kheej. Tom qab ua tsov rog, daim ntawv tseem ceeb tau xaus rau hauv Lub Xeev Lub Xeev Tub Rog Tub Rog.
Nws yog cov npe ntev thiab ntxaws, ntxaws heev thiab muab faib ua ob peb ntu. Nws rhuav tshem cov ntawv uas cov tub rog Romanian tau khiav tawm thaum cov tub rog Soviet tuaj txog, ntuav riam phom thiab mos txwv. Cov npe tau dhau los ua cov tub rog tuaj yeem nqa nrog lawv. Yog lawm, lawv tau khiav, ntuav phom - 67,079 daim, rab phom thiab rab phom - 6,134, bayonets - 43,759, grenades - 84,070, sabers - 1,940. 444 (RGVA, f. 492k, op. 1, d. 9, ll. 50-62). Yog tias cov tub rog Romanian khiav tawm, yog vim li cas thiaj tso lub khau? Nws puas zoo dua khiav liab qab?
Daim ntawv teev npe qhia tias dab tsi txhais tau tias tsis yog pab tub rog raug tso tseg lossis tso tseg hauv qhov chaw xa khoom, tab sis dab tsi yog nyob hauv cov chaw khaws riam phom, mos txwv, cov cuab yeej hauv lub quarter, kev kho mob, khoom siv tsiaj, khoom noj thiab tsiaj txhu. Txog kev tshem tawm cov khoom no, yuav tsum muaj txog 1000 lub tsheb thauj khoom, thiab cov tsev khaws khoom no, tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm hauv ob hnub, txij Lub Rau Hli 28 txog Lub Xya Hli 1, 1940, thaum kev khiav tawm ntawm cov tub rog Romanian los ntawm Bessarabia thiab Sab Qaum Teb Bukovina txuas ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg Romanians tau xub tso cov tsev khaws khoom no tseg, thiab tom qab ntawd thov rov qab los ntawm cov khoom. Tsis muaj kev tawm tsam, kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog Romanian tau ua los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm tsoomfwv Romanian, thiab yog li ntawd txhua yam khoom no tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog khoom plig ntawm Red Army.
Tshaj tawm
Cov neeg Romanians tau thov, pom tseeb raws li cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov riam phom, mos txwv thiab cov khoom lag luam hauv cov chaw tso khoom pov tseg, uas muaj nyob ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Romanian pab tub rog. Tom qab qee qhov kev sib tham, tsoomfwv Soviet tau txiav txim siab ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm sab Romanian. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 29, 1940, 3,096 tus tub rog, 202 tus tub ceev xwm thiab 218 tus neeg ua haujlwm tsheb ciav hlau tuaj txog hauv Bessarabia thiab Sab Qaum Teb Bukovina kom thauj khoom thiab xa khoom. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, 1940, 321 them cov tsheb laij teb thiab 471 lub tiaj tiaj hla hla ciam teb, tag nrho 792 lub tsheb laij teb nrog cov tub rog thauj khoom.
Nws ua raws los ntawm cov npe uas Romanians tsis tau txais tag nrho cov khoom. Ib feem ntawm nws, txij Lub Xya Hli mus txog Kaum Ib Hlis 1940, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias, "npaub ploj mus." Kuv yuav tsis muab tag nrho cov npe ntev, tab sis kuv yuav muab qee txoj haujlwm los ntawm nws:
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qee pawg tau xa rov qab tag nrho, rau qee pawg ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis, cov neeg Romanians tau muab ntau dua qhov lawv xav tau. Qee qhov riam phom thiab mos txwv uas tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm Red Army tsis raug xa rov qab mus rau Romanians.
Lawv yuav tsum tau koom nrog cov khaub ncaws hnav thiab khoom noj tag lossis yuav luag tag. Tsawg tsawg tus tsoos tsho rov qab los. Tawm ntawm 79,227 lub tsho loj - 1,471 daim, tawm ntawm 71,444 nkawm khau - tsuas yog 79 khub. Cov lus txib ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob, General of Army G. K. Zhukov tau hais ncaj qha:
Them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov pom ntawm cov neeg sib tw thiab lawv lub cev haum, txhua tus yuav tsum tau txiav plaub hau, ntxuav, hauv khaub ncaws lub caij ntuj sov kom huv si thiab lub kaus mom hlau. Cov hnav tsis zoo yuav tsum tau sab laug tom qab thiab tsis coj mus rau Bukovina thiab Bessarabia.
Cov lus qhia no, raws li peb pom, muaj kev lees paub tias qee tus tub rog Red Army tau hnav tsis zoo. Nws yuav tsum raug xam tias cov khaub ncaws Romanian tau siv los txhawb cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob. Yog tias qhov no yog li ntawd, los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaub ncaws tsis rov qab los rau Romanians, peb tuaj yeem hais tias kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov tub rog Soviet ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob tau hnav thiab hnav tsis zoo.
Lawv kuj tseem tsis tau xa zaub mov xa tuaj rau cov neeg Romanians. Thaj, cov zaub mov ntawm daim ntawv teev npe tau ntsuas hauv kilograms. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg Romanians poob 138.4 tons ntawm cov qhob cij tub rog (mob de razboi - nws nyuaj hais tias nws yog dab tsi) thiab 153.1 tons ntawm qhob cij, 2,742.8 tons ntawm nplej, 768.9 tons ntawm qos yaj ywm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zaub mov tsis tau rov qab los: 3 323, 1 tons ntawm barley, 5 460, 6 tons ntawm pob kws, 1 117, 8 tons ntawm bran, 3 034, 7 tons ntawm quav nyab.
Vim li cas thiaj tsim cov chaw khaws khoom no?
Cov lus nug nthuav tshwm sim - cov tsev khaws khoom no yog dab tsi? Ntawm qhov one tes, lawv tau tsim meej rau kev ua tsov rog nrog USSR. Bessarabia - nruab nrab ntawm Dniester thiab Prut - thaj chaw me me. Hauv cheeb tsam Bendery, nws yog li 90 km dav, nrog txoj kab Cahul - Akkerman (Belgorod -Dnestrovsky) - txog 160 km. Ntawd yog, qhov tob ntawm Bessarabia zoo li cov tub rog nyob tom qab. Peb txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau: Novoselitsy - Mogilev -Podolsky, nrog ib ceg mus rau Balti thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj; Iasi - Chisinau - Bender - Tiraspol thiab Galati - Bender. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias Bessarabia nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab ib cheeb tsam cais, thiab kev nkag mus rau nws raug txwv los ntawm cov choj hla Prut thiab Dniester, pab tub rog Romanian tsis muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb nrog khoom siv. Tab sis txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov tshwj tseg hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau tsim - thiab pom tseeb rau kev ua tsov rog nrog USSR.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov neeg Romanians tau xa ib pab tub rog uas suav nrog 20 tus tub rog, 3 pab tub rog sib faib thiab 2 pab tub rog hauv roob nrog rau tag nrho lub zog ntawm 450 txhiab tus neeg. Qhov no yog kwv yees li 60% ntawm lub zog ntawm Romanian cov tub rog thaj av. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov chaw khaws khoom tau pom meej me me rau kev muab tag nrho ntawm cov pab pawg no. Yog tias cov khoom muaj nyob hauv daim cartridges tau faib los ntawm cov mos txwv ntawm cov tub rog nrog rab phom - 60 daim cartridges, tom qab ntawd koj tau txais 1 bq rau 396, 1 txhiab tus tub rog. Coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tshuab rab phom, cov mos txwv tau kwv yees li 0.7 bq rau tag nrho pawg ntawm Romanian pab tub rog. Koj tsis tuaj yeem sib ntaus nrog cov paj ntoo zoo li no.
Kev xa cov nplej rau cov tub rog yog kwv yees li 360 tons, thaum lub tsev khaws khoom khaws cia tsawg dua ib hnub ntawm kev xa cov mov nplej npaj thiab nplej hauv cov nplej li 7 hnub. Nws tsis tuaj yeem cia siab tias cov tub rog Romanian tuaj yeem kov yeej pawg neeg tawm tsam ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob ntawm 638.5 txhiab tus tib neeg, zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov phom loj thiab tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, tsuas yog ib lub lim tiam.
Raws li kev muab khoom ntawm tag nrho Romanian pawg hauv Bessarabia, tseem tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau cia muaj. Raws li rau lub tsev khaws khoom tshuav hauv Bessarabia, ib tus tuaj yeem kos cov lus xaus hauv qab no: txawm tias lawv yog cov chaw khaws khoom rau thawj ob peb hnub ntawm kev ua phem, ntxiv rau cov khoom thauj uas cov tub rog tau nrog lawv (thiab coj lawv thaum khiav tawm), lossis lawv yog cov chaw khaws khoom rau ntxiv, uas yuav tsum tau nrhiav neeg hauv zos lossis xa los ntawm Romania. Txiav txim los ntawm kev yooj yim npaum li cas cov neeg Romanians tso lawv tseg, thiab tom qab ntawd pom zoo nrog qhov tsis rov qab los ntawm qee yam riam phom, mos txwv thiab khoom vaj khoom tsev, lawv poob tsis suav tias yog qhov txo qis hauv kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm Romanian pab tub rog.
Vim li cas cov neeg Romanians thiaj thim rov qab? Vim tias nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm suav txog kev yeej hauv kev sib ntaus nrog Southern Front, uas muaj tus lej thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, thaum kev swb ntawm pab pawg no yuav ua rau Romania 60% ntawm cov tub rog thiab ua rau lub tebchaws muaj kev phom sij heev nyob rau ob lub ntsej muag ntawm USSR thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm Hungary, kev sib raug zoo nrog uas yog hostile. Qhov kev pom zoo tau cawm cov tub rog. Txawm li cas los xij, tau lees paub ib zaug, kuv yuav tsum lees qhov thib ob. Raws li qhov kev txiav txim siab thib ob hauv Vienna, thaum Lub Yim Hli 30, 1940, Romania tau hla Northern Transylvania mus rau Hungary, thiab thaum Lub Cuaj Hli 7, 1940, Sab Qab Teb Dobrudja tau muab rau Bulgaria. Cov cheeb tsam no tau rov qab mus rau Romania tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob xaus.
