Teeb meem. 1919 xyoo. 100 xyoo dhau los, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1919, Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntaj Dawb tau pib. Cov Tub Rog Dawb Huv Sab Hnub Poob nyob rau hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm Yudenich, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Estonian pab tub rog thiab pab tub rog Askiv, tau sim coj Petrograd liab. Qhov kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli - Lub Kaum Hli, Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb tau tsoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Pab Pawg Liab thiab mus txog ze ze Petrograd.
Ua tsis tiav ntawm thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Petrograd
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1919, Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb, nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Estonian pab tub rog, tau sim ua thawj zaug coj Petrograd (lub Tsib Hlis tawm tsam ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Corps, Yuav ua li cas Cov Dawb tawg mus rau Petrograd). Hauv ib nrab ntawm lub Tsib Hlis, Pawg Saib Xyuas Dawb Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob thiab Estonian cov tub rog, hla dhau kev tiv thaiv ntawm Pab Pawg Liab (Petrograd tau tiv thaiv los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob raws li ib feem ntawm 7th thiab 15th pab tub rog), ntes Gdov, Yamburg thiab Pskov. Qhov kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis, Cov Neeg Dawb tau mus rau Luga, Ropsha thiab Gatchina, thaum Lub Rau Hli 11-12-mus rau lub forts "Krasnaya Gorka" thiab "Grey Horse", qhov uas tawm tsam Soviet tawm tsam kev tawm tsam.
Pem hauv ntej liab staggered. Petrograd cov lus qhia tau txiav txim siab nyob ntsiag to, tsis muaj chav nyob zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no. Ntau tus tub rog tau hla mus rau ntawm ib sab ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, tso tseg lossis khiav tawm. Cov lus txib tsis txaus siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsoomfwv Soviet tau tawm tsam tam sim thiab rov kho qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm Petrograd hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 22, Lub Rooj Sab Laj Hauv Nruab Nrab ntawm RCP (b) tau thov rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog kev thov rov hais dua "Txhawm rau tiv thaiv Petrograd", tau lees paub qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev sib sau ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov xeev sab qaum teb sab hnub poob mus rau Petrograd txoj haujlwm ntawm pem hauv ntej, uas yog lees paub tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub luag haujlwm los ntawm Stalin thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Cheka Peters tuaj txog hauv Petrograd los ntawm Moscow los tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas ntsuas xwm txheej ceev. Hauv Petrograd, "tshem tawm" tau ua tiav, Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb, tiv thaiv Soviet hauv av, npaj rau kev tawm tsam, tau raug tshem tawm. Kev sib sau tau nrawm nrawm hauv lub nroog, cov koog tshiab tau tsim, cov peev txheej tau kos los ntawm Central Russia, cov chav los ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Qhov nyob ze ntawm lub nroog loj no rau pem hauv ntej, nrog lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm, cov pej xeem coob, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Baltic Fleet, dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej rau kev yeej ntawm Red Army hauv Petrograd kev coj.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Kev tawm tsam Dawb tau poob dej. Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Corps ntawm Rodzianko, txawm tias muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Estonians, uas sab nraub qaum dawb tau so, me me thiab tsis muaj zog los nag cua zoo li lub nroog loj, qub peev ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Tsis tau txais kev pab los ntawm Finland. Cov Finns, uas tau npaj tsim "Greater Finland" ntawm kev siv nyiaj ntawm thaj av Lavxias (Karelia, Kola Peninsula), tau pib lawv qhov kev tawm tsam rov qab rau lub Plaub Hlis (Yuav ua li cas "Greater Finland" npaj yuav txeeb Petrograd). Hauv ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, Finnish "Olonets Volunteer Army" ntes Olonets thiab mus txog Lodeynoye Ncej. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis ntxov, pab tub rog Finnish tau rov qab los ntawm Lodeynoye Pole, thiab thaum lub Tsib Hlis 6, Soviet pab tub rog tau tso Olonets. Kev sib koom tes ntawm Northern Corps thiab Finland tawm tsam Petrograd tsis tau tshwm sim.
Rodzianko cov tub rog tawm mus sai. Tsis muaj riam phom thiab mos txwv txaus. Cov khoom siv los ntawm Estonia tau txiav. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg dawb poob kev txhawb nqa ntawm pab tub rog Estonian. Cov Neeg Dawb tau ntes thaj av loj, thaj av Pskov. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tsov rog twb dhau mus hla cov av no ob zaug lawm. Cov plundered, av puas tsuaj tsis tuaj yeem muab tub rog lossis zaub mov noj. Cov Neeg Dawb yeej tsis tuaj yeem tau txais lub hauv paus hauv qab ntawm av Russia.
Ib qho ntxiv, tsis muaj kev sib koom siab hauv kev txav dawb nws tus kheej. Nws cov thawj coj tau muaj teeb meem. "Ataman ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab pab pawg sib cais" Bulak-Balakhovich mob siab rau ua pab tub rog dawb hauv Baltic States, tawm tsam nrog Rodzianko thiab Yudenich (tau ua tub rog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2). Thaum ntes Pskov, Bulak-Balakhovich tsim nws tus kheej kev txiav txim hauv nroog. Pskov tau plundered tag nrho, thiab cov pej xeem tau ntshai. Tsis tas li "txiv" raug ntes hauv kev luam cov nyiaj cuav ("kerenok"). Rodzianko sim ua kom lub siab npau npau "txiv". Nws xav kom hloov nws qhov kev tshem tawm mus rau qhov tshiab tsim thib 2 Corps ntawm General Arsenyev thiab rov txhim kho nws mus rau hauv chav ib txwm nrog nws lub koom haum thiab kev qhuab qhia. Txawm li cas los xij, "leej txiv" tsis xav ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim thiab thov kom rov txhim kho nws qhov kev sib cais hauv "Peasant Army".
Sabotage thiab kev sib cav ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm North-Western Army, General Rodzianko thiab Bulak-Balakhovich, txuas ntxiv rau ntau dua ib hlis. Cov thawj coj ntawm Askiv lub hom phiaj tub rog, Generals Marsh thiab Gough, thiab Estonian tus thawj coj-hauv-tus thawj Laidoner, tau koom nrog qhov teeb meem no. Bulak-Balakhovich qhov kev nyob ze rau Estonian Askiv cov tub rog ua thawj coj ua rau Yudenich thiab Rodzianko chim siab. Lawv pom qhov xav tsis thoob ntawm "txiv" tiv thaiv cov lus txib ntawm North-Western Army, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws qhov kev tawm tsam yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov phoojywg. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus thawj coj tshiab ntawm North-Western Army, General Yudenich, nrog kev txhawb nqa tag nrho ntawm cov thawj coj hauv pab tub rog, tau xaj kom "txiv" raug ntes. Ib tug detachment ntawm Colonel Permikin raug xa mus rau Pskov. "Bulak-Balakhovich tau khiav tawm hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm Estonians. Kev thim tawm ntawm lub hauv ntej ib feem ntawm Cov Tub Rog Dawb thiab Estonians uas txhawb nqa lawv tau tso cai rau Pawg Tub Rog Liab 15th los nyob hauv Pskov yooj yim heev. Thaum lub Cuaj Hli, Bulak-Balakhovich tau sim ntes cov lus txib ntawm North-Western Army txhawm rau coj nws, tab sis nws qhov kev koom tes tau nthuav tawm. Yav tom ntej, "leej txiv" nrog nws qhov kev tshem tawm tau ua haujlwm hauv Estonians.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 21, pab tub rog ntawm 7th Red Army, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Baltic Fleet, tsoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Pab Tub Rog Qaum Teb (xa tawm los ntawm North Corps thaum Lub Rau Hli 19, txij Lub Xya Hli 1 - North -Western Army) thiab tso Yamburg dim. nyob rau lub yim hli ntuj 5. Thaum lub Rau Hli lig - thaum Lub Xya Hli, cov tub rog ntawm 7th Army, koom tes nrog Onega cov tub rog flotilla, thaum ua haujlwm Vidlitsa, cuam cov tub rog Finnish rov qab mus rau ciam teb. Cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog 15, uas tau hla mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam thaum ib nrab Lub Yim Hli, tau tso Pskov rau lub Yim Hli 26.
Yog li, nrog kev tso Yamburg thiab Pskov los ntawm Red Army, thawj Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb tawm tsam Petrograd tau suav sau. Cov swb dawb tau tsim lawv tus kheej ntawm txoj kab nqaim ntawm Lake Peipsi thiab Plyussa River. Yudenich cov tub rog pom nws tus kheej nyem rau ntawm thaj av nqaim nrog "peev" hauv Gdov. Ntawm sab xis, Reds tau hem los ntawm Pskov, Lake Peipsi thiab Estonia hla tus dej. Narva tau nyob tom qab, hiav txwv ntawm sab flank. Cov tub rog lub hauv paus chaw hauv Narva, "tsoomfwv" hauv Reval twb tau nyob rau txawv tebchaws lawm. Muaj qhov cuam tshuam ib ntus hauv Petrograd cov lus qhia.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob nyob rau sab qaum teb -sab hnub poob ntawm Soviet Russia yog qhov nthuav rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees (nyob rau thawj theem ntawm kev tsim ntawm Baltic txwv txwv thiab tsim dawb), Entente - feem ntau yog Askiv, uas sim ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj av Baltic, kev xav hauv tebchaws ntawm Baltic txwv thaj tsam thiab Finland … Cov txheej txheem dawb hauv cov xwm txheej no nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob tau dhau los ua qhov tsis muaj zog thiab ntau heev nyob ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm lwm tus neeg txhawb nqa ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv Russia. Yog li, Sab Qaum Teb Corps (tom qab ntawd yog pab tub rog) tau nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Estonia thiab Askiv.
Kev Tsim Tsoom Fwv Northwest
Thaum pib Lub Yim Hli 1919, tsoomfwv Estonian tau teeb tsa qhov teeb meem ntawm kev lees paub kev ywj pheej los ntawm kev tawm tsam dawb, hem lwm yam kom xaus kev txhawb nqa rau Rodzianko cov tub rog. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 10, tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog Askiv lub luag haujlwm hauv Baltic, General Marsh (Lub Peb Hlis), tau hu cov tswvcuab ntawm Kev Ncaj Ncees Kev Ncaj Ncees raws li Yudenich mus rau Reval (Ib tus thawj coj zoo tshaj ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib N. N. Yudenich, Ntu 2, Ntu 3, Ntu 4), ib pawg kws tsim khoom lag luam los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Haujlwm rau Lavxias hauv Finland thiab cov pej xeem. Ntawm no nws tau muab lub sijhawm kawg rau lawv: tam sim ntawd, yam tsis tau tawm hauv chav, los tsim "tsoomfwv ntawm cheeb tsam North-Western ntawm Russia." Txwv tsis pub, cov neeg Askiv yuav tsum tsis txhob pab Dawb txav mus los thiab Cov Tiv Thaiv Dawb yuav tsis tau txais ib yam dab tsi los ntawm cov khoom uas twb tau coj los lawm (riam phom, khaub ncaws hnav, thiab lwm yam). Tsoomfwv no tau lees paub tam sim ntawd kev ywj pheej ntawm Estonia, xaus kev sib koom tes pom zoo nrog nws. Tsis tas li, Askiv tau npaj cov npe ntawm tsoomfwv cov tswvcuab thiab cov ntawv cog lus lees paub kev ywj pheej ntawm Estonia.
Nco txog qhov xwm txheej nyuaj heev ntawm pab tub rog thiab tsis pom lwm txoj hauv kev tawm, cov tswvcuab ntawm lub rooj sib tham tau lees paub qhov kawg ntawm Askiv. Yudenich, uas yog tus nyob rau pem hauv ntej, tuaj yeem tsis tuaj txog ntawm lub rooj sib tham raws sijhawm vim qhov kev sib tham nyuaj siab. Tab sis nws thov ntawm Marsh tsis txhob txiav txim siab yam tsis muaj nws. Tab sis qhov kev txiav txim siab tau ua. Lub Yim Hli 11, tsoomfwv tau tsim los ntawm Lianozov. Yudenich tau raug xaiv los ua Minister of War thiab Commander-in-Chief. Tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg Askiv tau hloov pauv nqe lus ntxiv hauv ib hnub. Yog tias thaum Lub Yim Hli 10, General Marsh tau hais tias cov neeg sawv cev Lavxias thiab Estonian kos npe rau daim ntawv nrog kev sib luag sib luag thiab kev lav phib xaub ncaj ncees (tsoomfwv Lavxias tau cog lus tias yuav lees paub tag nrho kev ywj pheej ntawm Estonia, thiab tsoomfwv Estonian tau muab kev txhawb nqa riam phom rau pab tub rog dawb. "hauv kev tshem Petrograd"), tom qab ntawv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Lub Yim Hli 11 twb yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg Lavxias kom lees paub kev ywj pheej ntawm Estonia thiab thov rau tsoomfwv Estonian kom pab tua Petrograd.
Tsoomfwv Northwest nyob hauv Reval. Thaum lub Cuaj Hli, tsoomfwv Lianozov lees paub kev ywj pheej ntawm Latvia thiab Finland. Kev tshaj tawm ntawm nws tus kheej txiaj pib. Kev tawm tsam Petrograd los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm North-Western Army ib leeg tsis tau cog lus tias yuav yeej sai. Yog li ntawd, hauv nws txoj cai kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws, tsoomfwv qaum teb sab hnub poob tau ua txhua yam los txhawb Estonia thiab Finland kom tawm tsam Petrograd. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib tham tau rub tawm thiab cov lus nug ntawm ncaj qha thiab qhib kev ua los ntawm Estonia thiab Finland tawm tsam Bolsheviks tseem qhib. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev muab riam phom pab rau Yudenich cov tub rog, Estonia thiab Finland, tau teeb tsa qhov kev thov kom lees paub tam sim thiab tsis muaj kev lees paub ntawm lawv lub xeev kev ywj pheej tsis yog los ntawm tsoomfwv sab qaum teb sab hnub poob, tabsis tseem yog Admiral Kolchak thiab Pab Koomtes ntawm Tebchaws. Thiab "tus thawj coj zoo tshaj" Kolchak tsis kam lees paub txog kev ywj pheej ntawm Estonia. Tsoomfwv tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg Askiv tsis mus rau hauv kev ua tub rog, txwv nws tus kheej rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tswv yim thiab kev tswj hwm lub luag haujlwm hauv Commander-in-Chief Yudenich.
Tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg Askiv tsis tau muab kev pabcuam zoo rau White Guards. Vim lawv qhov kev xav, qhov tau txais cov riam phom tsim nyog thiab cov khaub ncaws los ntawm cov tub rog txuas ntxiv mus qeeb. Thaum lawv tab tom sib tham, thaum thauj khoom, thaum xa tawm … Cov Tub Rog Liab tsis tos thiab swb tus yeeb ncuab. Tus lej me me, cov cuab yeej siv tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj cov mos txwv, cov tub rog sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob tau thim rov qab hla tus Dej Luga, tshuab cov choj txuas tom qab nws. Kev lees paub ntawm kev ywj pheej tsis txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog Estonians ib yam. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, pom qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov neeg dawb, pom cov neeg Askiv so lawv txhais taw ntawm lawv, lawv tau txais lub zog thiab dhau mus ua neeg vwm. Estonian pab tub rog saib White Guard nrog kev ua siab phem, raws li cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, Estonian cov tub ceev xwm, zoo tshaj plaws lawv tuaj yeem ua tau, hais lus hauv lawv lub log. Cov neeg nyob hauv Estonian hauv tsev thiab cov neeg txawj ntse hauv tebchaws, qaug cawv los ntawm "kev ywj pheej", ua npau suav ntawm tsim lawv tus kheej "xeev". Cov phiaj xwm xov xwm tau ua tawm tsam tsoomfwv "Great Russia" ntawm Kolchak, Denikin thiab North-Western Army, ua rau muaj kev hem thawj los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm dawb uas tau cog lus tias yuav tsiv mus rau Revel tom qab Petrograd raug ntes.
Muaj tseeb, cov lus txib siab, coj los ntawm General Laidoner, nkag siab tias cov tub rog Estonian tseem tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv Reds, thiab yog tias lawv mus txog ciam teb Estonian, lawv yuav tsim kom muaj zog Soviet sai sai. Nws tau pom tseeb tias nws zoo dua los tawm tsam tus yeeb ncuab ntawm thaj chaw txawv teb chaws thiab nrog tes tsis raug. Cia cov neeg Lavxias tsis muaj zog rau cov neeg Lavxias. Yog li ntawd, Laidoner txaus siab pom zoo ua tub rog-kev pom zoo nrog Yudenich. Nws cuam tshuam me ntsis kev pab nrog riam phom thiab nyiaj txiag. Cov tub rog Estonian tau txav mus rau thaj chaw Lavxias thiab tiv thaiv lub nraub qaum, cov haujlwm thib ob ntawm lub hauv ntej, uas ua rau cov neeg dawb tuaj yeem mob siab rau txhua yam lawv lub zog thiab cov peev txheej hauv cov lus qhia tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Lavxias tau ua nws txoj haujlwm, Estonian cov tub rog tau ua yeeb ncuab ntau ntxiv rau cov neeg dawb.
Yudenich cov tub rog yeej tsis tau txais kev pab zoo los ntawm kev hais ua phoojywg. Kev txaj muag thoob ntiaj teb tau tshwm sim thaum Gough thiab Marsh cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev tsim tsoomfwv sab qaum teb hnub poob tau tshaj tawm. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias Askiv lub hom phiaj tub rog tsuas yog muaj txoj cai los nyob hauv Yudenich, thiab tsis txhob txwm rov tsim kho lub neej ntawm Baltic xeev. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim ntawm Fabkis thiab Askiv. Fab Kis lawv tus kheej tsoo ntoo nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia, tab sis ntawm no lawv tau sim ua tus tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg Lavxias nyiam. Feem ntau vim tias muaj peev xwm ua phem rau yav tom ntej los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Paris kom muaj kev koom tes nyob rau sab hnub tuaj tawm tsam cov neeg German. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Siab tau hloov pauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov tub rog hauv thaj av sab hnub poob los ntawm Askiv mus rau Fabkis. Gough thiab Marsh tau rov qab los. Fabkis xa General Nissel mus rau Baltic. Tab sis thaum kev sib tham tau mus, lub sijhawm ploj lawm. Txog Lub Kaum Hli, Nissel tseem tsis tau mus txog Revel. Thaum lub sijhawm txiav txim siab sib ntaus, Yudenich cov tub rog tau sab laug yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Entente.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tawm tsam tshiab tawm tsam Petrograd
Tsoomfwv Soviet tau sim tswj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tebchaws Baltic. Finland tau lees paub los ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Cov Neeg Rov Qab los thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1917. Hauv kev teb rau tsab ntawv ntawm Cov Neeg Commissar rau Txawv Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws Chicherin ntawm Lub Yim Hli 31, 1919 rau Estonia, Cov Thawj Fwm Tsav Saib Xyuas Txawv Tebchaws ntawm Finland, Latvia, Lithuania thiab Estonia tau sib sau ua ke Tshaj tawm rau lub Cuaj Hlis 14 los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib tham txog kev thaj yeeb. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 29, 1919, kev sib tham ntawm Baltic xeev tau qhib hauv Yuryev. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 4, tsoomfwv Estonia, Latvia thiab Lithuania ceeb toom rau Moscow txog lawv qhov kev pom zoo los pib kev sib tham thawj zaug thaum Lub Kaum Hli 25 hauv Yuryev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Estonia qeeb qeeb pib kev sib tham nrog Soviet Russia. Tsoomfwv Estonian xav muab nws tus kheej rau ob qhov xwm txheej: yeej ntawm Cov Neeg Dawb thiab ntes Petrograd, thiab yeej ntawm Red Army. Cov kev sib tham no tau muab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau kev tawm tsam Yudenich cov tub rog tawm tsam Petrograd. Tsis muaj kev ceev faj ntawm Soviet cov lus txib hauv Petrograd cov lus qhia.
Estonian Txawv Teb Chaws Minister Noski hais rau Margulies, Minister of Trade, Industry and Supply of the Northwest Government:
"Ceev nrooj npaj qhov kev tawm tsam, thiab peb yuav txhawb nqa koj. Tab sis paub tias txhua yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej Lub Kaum Ib Hlis, vim tom qab ntawd peb yuav tsis muaj peev xwm zam kev sib tham nrog Bolsheviks ntxiv lawm."
Kev sib tham hauv kev sib tham uas tau pib ntawm Estonia thiab Bolsheviks yuam kom Cov Tiv Thaiv Dawb kom maj mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Petrograd, yog li nrog kev ntes nws, ib zaug thiab rau txhua qhov, poob siab Baltic txwv tsis pub los ntawm kev sib tham ywj pheej nrog tsoomfwv Soviet. Ib qho ntxiv, kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg dawb nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob Russia tau tsom mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob, qhov twg Denikin cov tub rog tau tawg mus rau Moscow. Thaum lub Cuaj Hli - thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj xyoo 1919, kev tawm tsam ntawm Denikin cov tub rog ntawm Moscow tau ua tiav, nws txawm zoo li tias Sab Qab Teb Liab liab tau tawg sib nrug thiab me ntsis ntxiv thiab Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb yuav siv lub peev. Nws zoo li tias lub sijhawm tawm tsam Petrograd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Kev tawm tsam ntawm Yudenich cov tub rog yuav pab txhawb txoj kev yeej ntawm AFSR hauv Moscow kev coj thiab tag nrho kev yeej ntawm cov dawb txav hauv Russia.
Cov neeg Askiv tseem thawb rau kev tawm tsam Petrograd. Lub hom phiaj tub rog Askiv tau lees paub Yudenich tias nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm North-Western Army, Askiv lub nkoj yuav muab kev txhawb nqa ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab ua haujlwm rau Kronstadt thiab Red Baltic Fleet. Nws tau ceev faj kom pib tawm tsam ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub nkoj British tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa. Tom qab ntawd cov dej ntawm Gulf of Finland yuav khov hauv dej khov. Tsis tas li, cov neeg dawb yuav tsum ua pov thawj lawv qhov muaj txiaj ntsig rau Entente txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawb nqa.
Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1919, Northwest Army tau rov ua haujlwm. Thaum kawg, cov neeg dawb tau txais riam phom, mos txwv, mos txwv, khoom noj, uas yuav tsum tuaj txog thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Entente tau nce cov khoom siv. Tseeb tiag, muaj ntau qhov khib nyiab ncaj qha. Kev ua tsov rog hauv Tebchaws Europe tau xaus thiab cov neeg sab hnub poob tau tshem cov seem hlau. Yog li, tawm ntawm pawg tso tsheb hlau luam xa mus, tsuas yog ib qho ua haujlwm tau zoo, qhov seem xav tau kev kho loj. Lub dav hlau tau hloov mus rau qhov tsis tsim nyog, vim tias cov tshuab xa mus rau lawv yog cov khoom tsis raug. Cov phom Askiv tsis zoo, lawv tsis muaj xauv. Tab sis tag nrho, cov tub rog tau ua tub rog, hnav khaub ncaws, thiab muab cov mos txwv. Cov koog tsev pib tau txais cov khoom noj thiab nyiaj pub dawb. Kev qhuab qhia rov zoo, kev coj zoo rov zoo.
Cov thawj coj dawb nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob tsis tau pom zoo txog kev ua phem yav tom ntej. Ib feem ntawm tsoomfwv ntseeg tias nws yog ntxov ntxov. Cov tub rog muaj tsawg heev, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tau txais sijhawm, tsim cov chav tshiab, npaj thiab muab caj npab rau lawv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tsoo ntawm Petrograd. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xav ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog coj los ntawm Yudenich yeej. Cov thawj coj ntseeg tias nws yuav tsum tau tawm tsam tam sim ntawd, thaum Denikin tau nce qib nyob rau sab qab teb, muaj cov khoom siv los ntawm Askiv thiab Estonia tsis ua kev thaj yeeb nrog Soviet Russia.
Xeev ntawm Northwest Army
Thaum lub sijhawm tawm tsam thib ob, Northwestern Army suav nrog 26 tus tub rog tub rog, 2 pab tub rog caij nkoj, 2 pawg tub rog sib cais thiab ib qho chaw sib cais hauv hiav txwv, kwv yees li 18, 5 txhiab tus neeg. Cov tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog kwv yees li 500 lub phom tshuab, 57 phom, 4 lub tsheb hlau phom ("Admiral Kolchak", "Admiral Essen", "Talabchanin" thiab "Pskovityanin"), 6 tso tsheb hlau luam, 6 lub dav hlau thiab 2 lub tsheb tiv thaiv.
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog motley. Cov tub rog tau los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau npaj rau pem hauv ntej uas tsis xav tawm tsam, yav dhau los cov neeg raug kaw ntawm kev ua rog ntawm cov tub rog qub uas tau nyob hauv chaw pw hav zoov ntawm Austria-Hungary thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab khiav tawm ntawm Red Army. Qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tshaj plaws yog Lieven tshem tawm (huab tais), nws tau ua tiav zoo los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm German, thiab nrog nws cov kabmob thiab kev qhuab qhia zoo ib yam li cov tub rog qub. Ntawm cov tub ceev xwm yog cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm kev taw qhia rau lub tebchaws Yelemes. Sab nraub qaum, pawg neeg tsis tsim nyog tau mob siab rau: cov neeg siab tawv uas ntshai ntawm kab hauv ntej, cov kab mob siab hlob los ntawm cov pej xeem thiab tub rog, cov thawj coj thiab cov thawj coj yav dhau los, tub rog, cov neeg taug txuj kev nyuaj uas xav tau txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua tus nqi (nyiag ntawm Petrograd lossis ib pab tub rog swb, rhuav tshem).
Cov tub rog tau muab faib ua 2 pawg: 1st nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Count Palen (2nd, 3rd thiab 5th Livenskaya kev faib ua feem), 2nd - General Arsenyev (faib plaub thiab pawg sib cais). Kuj tseem muaj cov chav sib cais - Tshooj 1 cais ntawm Dzerozhinsky (3, 2 txhiab tus tib neeg), cov tub rog thib 1 thiab thib ob, cov tub rog tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tub rog caij nkoj tsaws.
Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb tau npaj yuav txeeb Petrograd los ntawm kev tawg sai thiab muaj zog raws txoj kev luv tshaj Yamburg - Gatchina. Lub koom haum pab cuam thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua tau xa hauv Luga thiab Pskov cov lus qhia.
