Lub peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv qhov tob ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau hauv kev tiv thaiv yeeb ncuab. Xaiv qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws thiab sijhawm los tawm tsam. Ciaj sia tsis muaj kev siv nyiaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb los ntawm kev siv qhov tsis paub tseeb thiab tsis meej ntawm thaj chaw dej. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm submarines tso cai rau qhov tsis tau pom dua muaj thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv, nyob deb ntawm qhov sib piv rau qhov loj thiab pes tsawg ntawm cov submarines lawv tus kheej.
Niaj hnub no, Lavxias Navy thiab Asmeskas Navy yog lub ntiaj teb cov neeg tsav nkoj loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Txhua lub nkoj muaj riam phom nrog cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm riam phom submarine, sawv cev los ntawm ntau hom submarines.
Cov dej hauv qab ntawm Lavxias Navy
Cov phiaj xwm foob pob hluav taws submarine cruisers (SSBNs). Cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm submarine-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, lub hauv paus ntawm "nuclear triad" ntawm Russia.
Project 955 thiab 955A "Borey"
Nyob rau qib - 3, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho - 3, kev npaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm koob - 8 … 10 submarines.
Txoj haujlwm tshiab tshaj plaws thiab niaj hnub tshaj plaws ntawm cov phiaj xwm hauv qab cov foob pob hluav taws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov qauv tsim thiab cov yam ntxwv suab nrov ntawm Txoj Haujlwm 955 SSBNs ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tus coj lawv mus rau lub cim tshiab, plaub tiam ntawm nuclear submarines. Caj npab: D-30 lub foob pob hluav taws nrog 16 R-30 Bulava submarine-foob pob foob pob. Lub nkoj Borei tshiab thiab cov foob pob hluav taws tuaj yeem qhib lub sijhawm tshiab hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj submarine.
Project 667BDRM "Ntses taub ntswg ntev"
Hauv kev pabcuam - 7 chav (1981-90).
Kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog lub hom phiaj nuclear. Cov nqa khoom ntawm R-29RMU2 "Sineva" peb-theem foob pob foob pob. Daim npav tseem ceeb ntawm "Sineva" hauv kev sib piv nrog cov khoom siv roj "Trident" thiab "Bulava" yog lawv lub zog thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo (pib hnyav / tua ntau / pov qhov hnyav), vim yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua roj.
K-407 "Novomoskovsk" (txoj haujlwm 667BDRM) tom qab kho thiab kho dua tshiab
Qhov project 667BDR "Kalmar"
Peb lub nkoj, uas tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam thaum xyoo 1980-82, tau ua tub rog nrog D-9R txoj haujlwm (16 lub foob pob hluav taws tso nrog R-29R cov roj-roj foob pob). Nws tau cia siab tias Kalamars qub yuav maj mam thim los ntawm kev pabcuam thiab hloov pauv nrog Boreis tshiab tshaj plaws.
Qhov project 941UM
TK -208 "Dmitry Donskoy" - qhov kawg ntawm qhov hnyav SSBNs ntawm "Akula" hom, hloov pauv mus rau hauv qhov chaw tso tawm rau sim SLBM "Bulava".
Nuclear submarines nrog cruise missiles (SSGN) - 8 units, txhua tus koom nrog txoj haujlwm 949A "Antey" (1986-96). Lub npe nrov "neeg tua neeg ntawm lub dav hlau nqa khoom", txhua tus nqa 24 Granite tiv thaiv lub nkoj foob pob.
Multipurpose nuclear submarines - 21 chav nyob. Tsev neeg motley sawv cev los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsib txoj haujlwm:
- Project 671RTM (K) - plaub lub nkoj loj. Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub nkoj tau npaj tseg;
- Txoj Haujlwm 945 thiab 945A - plaub lub nkoj loj nrog titanium hulls. Kev hloov kho kom tob tob tab tom tab tom txhim kho cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no thiab riam phom. Txhua Condors thiab Barracudas yuav rov qab los ua haujlwm thaum pib ntawm kaum xyoo tom ntej;
- Project 971 "Pike -B" - kaum ob lub nkoj. Cuaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus, peb yog nyob rau hauv tshwj tseg thiab tab tom kho uas tau rub tawm rau ib xyoo caum. Lwm lub nkoj submarine (K-152 "Nerpa") tau xauj rau Is Nrias teb. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho (80-90), "Shchuki-B" yog cov nkoj loj tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws hauv lawv chav kawm. Lawv nyob li niaj hnub no, hloov kho rau hnub nyoog. Muaj ntau qhov kev hloov kho ("Txhim Kho Pike"), qee tus neeg sawv cev ntawm txoj haujlwm tam sim no tab tom hloov kho tshiab hauv ntau txoj haujlwm;
- Project 885 "Tshauv". Ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarine ntawm plaub tiam, nruab nrog Kalibr lub foob pob hluav taws. Lub nkoj Yasen lees tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws chav kawm ntawm txhua qhov sib txawv txawv teb chaws. Tam sim no, muaj ib lub nkoj ntawm hom kev pabcuam no (K-560 "Severodvinsk"). Ntawm lub nkoj nkoj muaj peb lub tsev ntxiv nyob hauv kev tsim kho raws li qhov haujlwm tshiab 885M "Yasen-M". Cov tswv yim npaj ntawm koob yog 8 lub nkoj submarines;
K-560 "Severodvinsk"
Nuclear submarines rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb - 2 daim:
-tus thauj khoom ntawm cov chaw sib sib zog nqus hiav txwv BS-136 "Orenburg" (hloov pauv los ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws ntawm txoj haujlwm 667BDR);
-Chaw nres tsheb nuclear tob-AS-12 "Losharik" (phiaj xwm 10831), qhov tob tob tshaj 6000 m, tsis muaj riam phom.
Carrier nkoj BS-136 "Orenburg"
Tam sim no, lwm lub foob pob nuclear tsis tiav K-139 "Belgorod" (txoj haujlwm 09852) tab tom hloov pauv raws li qhov haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Diesel-hluav taws xob submarines - 20 chav nyob, suav nrog:
- 18 "Varshavyanka" (phiaj xwm 877 thiab 636.3);
- 1 B -585 "St. Petersburg" (txoj haujlwm 677 "Lada") - hauv kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm North Fleet;
- 1 B-90 "Sarov" (phiaj xwm 20120)- kev sim roj-hluav taws xob submarine rau kev sim hom riam phom tshiab.
Hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, Lavxias Navy yuav tsum tau ua tiav nrog rau rau ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau dua, uas yuav muaj ob Lada thiab plaub Varshavyanka.
Pike, Borey, Varshavyanka!
Submarine tiv thaiv ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Navy
Nuclear submarines nrog cov foob pob ballistic (SSBNs - sib xws rau SSBNs hauv tsev). Tsuas yog hom kev pabcuam - "Ohio" … Muaj 14 lub nkoj hauv kev pabcuam, tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1981 txog 1997.
Kev sib txuas ntawm Ohio-Trident-2 tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv riam phom nuclear. Tus neeg nqa khoom yog lub nkoj tshwj xeeb, kom txog rau tam sim no suav tias yog qhov zais cia tshaj plaws ntawm cov submarines nuclear uas twb muaj lawm. Thiab lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj zog tshaj plaws nrog qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev thiab cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo (nws tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej uas 24 SLBMs haum rau hauv lub nkoj tsis yog qhov loj tshaj "Ohio").
Nuclear submarines nrog cruise missiles (SSGN) - 4 chav nyob. Tau hloov pauv los ntawm SSBNs ntawm hom "Ohio". Ntawm lub nkoj txhua 154 "Tomahawks".
Muaj ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines (lossis, raws li thawj qhov kev faib tawm, nrawm tua submarine - cov neeg tua hmuv hmuv nrawm). Tam sim no, US Navy muaj peb hom tseem ceeb ntawm ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines, suav nrog:
- 41 hom nkoj "Los Angeles" (1981-96). Qhov me me, zais ntshis thiab ntseeg tau tus hmuv tau yog tus caj qaum ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog caij nkoj rau 30 xyoo. Feem ntau ntawm cov dav hlau Los Angeles uas muaj txoj sia nyob yog cov khoom siv dav hlau zoo tshaj. Nruab nrog lub foob pob hluav taws ntsug rau khaws cia thiab tso lub foob pob Tomahawk;
- 11 hom nkoj Virginia peb qhov sib txawv sib txawv (1997-2014). Cov nkoj Asmeskas tshiab tshwj xeeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv: kev saib xyuas, kev ua phem thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv. Zoo li lawv cov neeg ua ntej, Los Angeles, 12 Tomahawk missile silos tau teeb tsa hauv hneev ntawm Virginia. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws tau npaj los tsim 30+ nuclear submarines ntawm hom no, lub nkoj kawg (sub-series 5) yuav tuaj yeem nqa txog 40 lub nkoj caij nkoj;
- peb "Hiav txwv hma" … Cov ntxhw dawb ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog caij nkoj, tau txiav txim siab tias yog cov neeg tua hmuv tshaj plaws thiab lub ntiaj teb thawj zaug siv ntau lub hom phiaj 4 tiam nuclear submarines. Qhov tseeb, lawv kim heev, tsim ib daim, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam "kab mob thaum yau". Lub nkoj SeaWolfe-chav kawg, Jimmy Carter, nkag rau kev pabcuam hauv 2003 raws li lub nkoj tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm.
Diesel-hluav taws xob submarines
Hauv kev txuas nrog qhov ua rau pom tseeb qhov ua tsis ncaj, Asmeskas cov nkoj tau tso tseg tag nrho cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Lub nkoj roj av diesel-hluav taws xob kawg "Growler" tau tsim xyoo 1958.
Thaum muaj xwm ceev nce ntawm Los Angeles-chav kawm nuclear submarine
