Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)

Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)
Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)

Video: Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)

Video: Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)
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Anonim

Plum paj -

Lub hli ci ntawm tus neeg hla dhau teases:

tawg tawm ceg!

Issa

Cov txheej txheem qub tshaj plaws rau kev dai tsuba yog qhov qhib los ntawm kev txiav, hu ua sukashi, lossis txiav ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem no tau siv sijhawm ntev dhau los, txawm tias thaum tsubas thaum ntxov, ua los ntawm cov hlau nkaus xwb. Lawv tau ua ntev ua ntej lub sijhawm Muromachi, tab sis txawm li ntawd los, yog tias ib tus samurai tam sim xav kom sawv nrog nws "tsuba thaum ub", nws tuaj yeem xaj nws tus kheej ua tsuba qub. Ntxiv mus, slub tsubas tau ua thaum xub thawj tsis yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev zoo nkauj, tab sis rau lub hom phiaj uas siv tau kom txo nws qhov hnyav. Zoo, tom qab ntawd nws tau dhau los ua zam, nws dhau los ua khoom plig rau kev lig kev cai. Nws tus kheej cov ntsiab lus kuj tau tshwm sim. Yog li, tsuba nrog tus qauv dhau los hu ua sukashi-tsuba. Thiab kuj tseem muaj tsuba ko -sukashi - yog tias cov qauv txiav me me lossis muaj cov qauv yooj yim. Yog tias, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj ntau qhov khoob hauv tsuba, thiab cov duab nws tus kheej tau txawv los ntawm nws qhov nyuaj, tom qab ntawd nws yog ji -sukashi - "carved surface". Cov qauv txiav tawm ntawm tsuba nws tus kheej tuaj yeem tau ntxiv nrog kos duab - vim li cas tsis? Los yog inlaid … Txhua yam ntawm no vam khom tus tswv lub tswv yim thiab xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Kev kos duab ntawm ito-bitches tau ua nrog cov ntawv thiab qee zaum qee zaum nyias, zoo li cov hlua hlau.

Duab
Duab

Hlau tsuba stylized raws li paj chrysanthemum. Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: XVI caug xyoo. Khoom siv: hlau, tooj liab. Taub: 10.2 cm; tuab 0.8 cm; qhov hnyav 189, 9. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Tsuba "Geese nyob hauv lub hli hauv huab". Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: thaum ntxov XVIII - thaum ntxov XIX caug xyoo. Khoom siv: hlau, kub, nyiaj, tooj liab, shakudo. Taub: 7.9 cm; tuab 0.6 cm; qhov hnyav 104, 9 g (Metropolitan Museum, New York)

Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tsis tuaj yeem xav txog lawv lub neej yam tsis muaj paj sakura. Hnub Sakura tawg yog hnub so rau tag nrho lub tebchaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev coj ua ntawm kev qhuas paj tawg paj yog qhov qub heev. Tau kawg, nws zoo li yuav tsum ntse los pe hawm cov nroj tsuag uas txi txiv zoo rau tib neeg. Piv txwv li, taub dag los yog pob kws. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawg paj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas noj tsis tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau Yamato cov neeg ua teb. Tom qab tag nrho, nws ua ntej pob ntseg ntawm pob kws thiab yog tias nws yog lush, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb suav nrog kev sau qoob loo. Muaj lwm qhov laj thawj uas kws sau paj huam Issa tau hais hauv nqe:

Tsis muaj neeg txawv ntawm peb!

Peb txhua tus yog kwv tij ib leeg

Hauv qab lub paj tawg paj.

Pom zoo tias cov lus no muaj cov ntsiab lus tob. Thiab … puas yog nws xav tsis thoob tias cov duab ntawm paj tawg paj hauv cov txheej txheem sib txawv tau rov tsim dua tshiab ntawm tsubas. Xws li cov txheej txheem sukashi …

Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)
Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Tsuba Tsuba (Ntu 6)

Tsuba "Sakura in Bloom". Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: approx. 1615-1868 Khoom siv: hlau, tooj liab. Dav 7.6 cm; ntev 5,4 cm; tuab 0.6 cm; qhov hnyav 121, 9 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Lwm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: approx. 1615-1868 Khoom siv: hlau, tooj liab. Dav 7, 9 cm; ntev 7.6 cm; tuab 0.5 cm; qhov hnyav 119, 1 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Ib yam tsuba, thim rov qab.

Duab
Duab

Qee qhov tsuba ua hauv sukashi style zoo ib yam li cov hlau tiag tiag. Muaj nplooj, twigs, paj, kab, nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, saum tsuba yog daim duab tiag tiag, txawm tias ib leeg-xim. Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: approx. 1615-1868 Khoom siv: hlau, tooj liab. Txoj kab uas hla 7, 3 cm; tuab 0.5 cm; qhov hnyav 90, 7 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Tsuba "Heron". Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: approx. 1615-1868 Khoom siv: hlau, tooj liab. Ntev 8, 3 cm; dav 7, 9 cm; tuab 0.5 cm; qhov hnyav 90, 7 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Hauv qee qhov tsubas slotted, qhov nws tus kheej, yog li nws tsis piav qhia, feem ntau tau ntxiv nrog lwm cov txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab tsis yooj yim tsuba "Parus". Ntawm nws, lub silhouette ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj hauv qhov pom ntawm sab xis yog muab los ntawm qhov hlais. Tab sis cov hlua uas mus rau ntawm tus ncej yog suav nrog kub, ib yam li ib daim ntawm tus ncej thiab vaj. Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: XVIII caug xyoo. Khoom siv: hlau, kub, tooj liab, tooj liab. Txoj kab uas hla 8, 3 cm; tuab 0.3 cm; qhov hnyav 119, 1 g (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

Duab
Duab

Tsuba (ob sab), kos npe los ntawm tus tswv Imam Matsuoishi (1764 - 1837). Nws qhia Sojobo, tus tswv dab tengu, zaum ntawm tsob ntoo cypress, tuav tus kiv cua ntawm plaub, saib dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm qhov rov qab - sab nraub qaum. Khoom siv: tooj liab, kub. Ntev 9 cm; dav 8.3 cm; 0.4 cm tuab. (Walters Art Museum, Baltimore)

Duab
Duab

Cov thim rov qab (thim rov qab) ntawm tib lub tsuba, thiab ntawm nws yog cov duab kos uas cov lus dab neeg Yoshitsune, tus tub rog ntawm lub sijhawm Heian lig, tus tub thiab ib nrab-kwv tij ntawm cov tub rog muaj zog, kawm siv rab ntaj los ntawm tis dab ntawm tengu

Kev kos duab hlau kuj tseem nrov heev. Cov kws tshaj lij tsuboko siv cov txuj ci hori thiab bori nrog cov cuab yeej xws li cov nplais tagane thiab cov ntaub ntawv yasuri. Muaj ntau hom hlau kos duab uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntau yam tsubas.

• Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog daim nyias nyias, "plaub hau" kos nrog cov cwj nrag - ke -bori.

• Sau nrog V-puab txiav uas tawm tib lub zawj-katakiri-bori. Qee zaum qhov kev kos duab no hu ua "txhuam daim duab" (efu-bori). Tom qab tag nrho, lub tshuab txiav tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv thiab tau txais cov kab sib txawv ntawm qhov tob thiab dav. Xibfwb Somin ntawm Tsev Kawm Yokoya tau paub zoo txog hom kev kos duab no.

• Tinkin -bori - cov txheej txheem uas cov kab kos tau sau nrog kub amalgam.

• Niku -bori - cov txheej txheem uas tau kos duab tob, thiab qhov haujlwm tau ua nrog rauj. Muaj ntau hom txheej txheem zoo li no, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov duab puab, uas yog, tshem cov hlau nyob ib puag ncig daim duab mus rau qhov tob tob. Ntawd yog, muaj ntau yam kev kos duab hauv qis, nruab nrab thiab siab nyem.

• Tab sis cov txheej txheem qub txeeg qub teg tshaj plaws tau rov qiv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thaum lub sijhawm Muromachi. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum nws yog qhov tseeb xws li kev kos duab sib sib zog nqus uas tau xaj, qhov ua haujlwm rau tsuba tau tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev kub los ntawm ntau daim hlau ntawm ntau xim hlau. Ntau txheej xim tig tawm. Tom qab ntawd, V-shaped pattern of curls tau txiav rau saum npoo thiab nws tau muab tawm tias cov qauv no nthuav tawm cov txheej hlau hauv qab ntawm tsuba!

Duab
Duab

Tsuba nrog cov qauv guri-bori. Ntau lub sijhawm: 1615-1868 Khoom siv: nyiaj, shakudo, tooj liab. Ntev 6.5 cm; dav 6, 2 hli; tuab 0.6 cm; qhov hnyav 104, 9 g (Metropolitan Museum, New York)

Duab
Duab

Tsuba nrog cov qauv guri-bori. Ntau lub sijhawm: 1615-1868 Khoom siv: shakudo, tooj liab, nyiaj. Ntev 6, 4 cm; dav 5, 9 hli; tuab 0.5 cm; qhov hnyav 82, 2 g (Metropolitan Museum, New York)

Los ntawm txoj kev, tsuba tau paub thiab tau tsim los siv peb qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau, txuas nrog hauv ib lub phaj tsis raws li txoj cai "ib qho nyob rau lwm qhov", tab sis tsuas yog "ib qho tom qab ib qho." Piv txwv li, ntu sab saum toj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov tin-zinc alloy hu ua sentoku. Qhov nruab nrab yog ua los ntawm tooj liab liab thiab sab qis yog ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo, uas muaj tooj liab, kub thiab nyiaj. Cov kab xim kab txaij uas ua los sawv cev rau cov kwj deg. Zoo, maple nplooj, lub cim ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, adorn obverse ntawm tsuba, thiab nyob rau sab nraum qab - engraved sakura paj sawv cev rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Cherry thiab maple nplooj kuj tseem yog ob lub cim qhia lub caij nyoog rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj thiab feem ntau tshwm sim ua ke ntawm tsubah raws li kev kho kom zoo nkauj.

Duab
Duab

Tsuba, kos npe los ntawm tus tswv Hamano Noriyuki, nrog lub ntsej muag ji ua los ntawm peb daim hlau hlau khi ua ke. Lub sijhawm ntau lawm: nruab nrab ntawm 1793 thiab 1852 Khoom siv: tooj liab, kub, nyiaj, sentoku, shakudo. Ntev 8, 3 cm; dav 7, 1 hli; tuab 0.4 cm. (Walters Art Museum, Baltimore)

Cov txheej txheem lamination kuj tseem nrov heev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm Nyij Pooj. Hauv qhov no, ntau daim ntawv ntawm cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov hlau tau sib cuam tshuam, thiab nws tau ntseeg tias qhov xav tau ntawm cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum mus txog … 80! Qhov ua tau ntau txheej "qhaub cij" tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem kos, sib sib zog nqus lossis tsis sib sib zog nqus, uas ib zaug ntxiv ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov qauv zoo ntawm saum npoo "zoo li ntoo". Thiab tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum tau pleev xim! "Ntoo txheej" lossis cov xim ntuj ntawm cov txheej uas tso cai rau lawv sawv tawm ntawm ib leeg. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua mokume-gane, uas yog, "ntoo saum npoo".

Feem ntau, saum npoo ntawm "sandwich" tau pleev xim nrog cov kua qaub, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais kev pab ntawm qhov tob sib txawv (cov kua qaub sib txawv ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv muaj qhov cuam tshuam sib txawv ntawm cov hlau sib txawv thiab sib xyaw!) thiab … ua kom pom kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm qhov tsuba. Ntawd yog qhov tseeb, peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog qee yam xws li pleev xim rau hlau, vim tias tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los hais nws!

Tsubako cov kws ua haujlwm kuj tseem siv casting (imono) ntawm tus qauv siv quav ciab (horn), thiab ob qho tag nrho tsuba thiab lawv qhov chaw tuaj yeem raug pov; caum (uchidashi) - nrog nws pab me me tau ua, piv txwv li, paj paj; thiab txawm tias cov txheej txheem zoo li cloisonné enamel (shippo-yaki), tsis paub nyob hauv Nyij Pooj txog thaum pib xyoo 17th.

Duab
Duab

Tsuba nrog txha hniav laus thiab kub inlay. Lub sij hawm ntau lawm: XVII caug xyoo. Khoom siv: kub, tooj liab, cloisonné enamel. Ntev 6.5 cm; dav 5,4 cm; tuab 0.5 cm; qhov hnyav 82, 2 g (Metropolitan Museum, New York)

Cov txheej txheem tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg siv txuj ci Japanese yog tshuaj pleev xim thiab patina. Piv txwv li, hlau tsubas raug zas los ntawm cov kws hlau, lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pleev xim nrog mercury amalgam (txheej txheem ginkesi-dzogan). Txhua tus ntawm lawv tau siv dav heev, txij li Nyij Pooj tsis muaj nyiaj nplua nuj ntawm cov hlau uas muaj nqi thiab lawv yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Cov kws tshaj lij Nyij Pooj tau kawm kom ua tiav patina ruaj khov ntawm lawv cov khoom thiab tib yam tsubah, tab sis txawm li cas los xij lawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog kev saib xyuas zoo, lossis tseem tsis tau ntxuav txhua!

Pom zoo: