Twb yog thawj lub tso tsheb hlau luam hauv ntiaj teb (ntawm cov uas tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua) muaj rab phom phom, lub hom phiaj uas yog los rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab tshuab phom. "Tua nrawm, tua qis! - qhia hauv daim ntawv nco - cov lus qhia rau Askiv lub tank phom loj. "Zoo dua tso koj lub plhaub pov cov xuab zeb hauv qhov muag ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tshaj qhov xuav nws taub hau!" Lub 57 hli caliber tau ua pov thawj kom pom zoo rau lub hom phiaj no. Tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob uas cov neeg German, cov neeg tawm tsam Askiv, muab rab phom Nordenfeld 57 mm rau ntawm lawv A7V, txawm hais tias muaj lwm txoj haujlwm. Tshwj xeeb, nws tau npaj rau nruab 75-mm rab phom nrog cov ntawv luv luv, tab sis tsis yog tsuas yog txhua qhov kev xaj rau lawv raws sijhawm, cov tub rog German tsis meej pem los ntawm kev siv riam phom ntau ntxiv. Hauv lawv qhov kev xav, "lub tsheb cua daj cua dub" tsuas yog tsis muaj leej twg tua los ntawm rab phom no. Cov tub rog Lavxias tseem xav tias, nws tsis yog rau ib yam uas tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom Lavxias tau txais. Thiab lub ntsiab lus tsis yog tsuas yog hauv lawv cov txuj ci tsis tiav. Kev phom sij txaus ntshai: lub foob pob 203-mm thiab rab phom 102-mm. "Zoo, dab tsi ntuj raug txim, tenku muaj lub zog zoo li no!" Thiab nws tsis yog yam uas Fabkis Saint-Chamond tso tsheb hlau luam, siv phom 75-hli phom, tsis siv ntau npaum li cov tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis yog rab phom tua tus kheej. Lub tank Saint-Chamon 25-tuj, uas tseem yuav tsum muaj rab phom zoo li no, tsis mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Tab sis Renault FT-17 nrog rab phom 37-mm qhia nws tus kheej los ntawm sab zoo tshaj. Ntxiv mus, Fab Kis tau hloov kho nws rau txhua 30s, thiab tag nrho lawv cov tshuab tau tsim nrog lub qhov muag ntawm "tus menyuam zoo li tsov rog" no - lawv zoo siab los ntawm nws txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Thawj lub tank Soviet siv riam phom 45-mm yog T-24, uas dhau los nws tseem muaj lub tshuab rab phom uas muaj zog heev, uas suav nrog plaub rab phom tshuab. Yog tias USSR muaj ntau dua ntawm lawv, thiab, raws li, peb yuav muaj kev lag luam txhim kho ntau dua thiab … cov kws tshaj lij nyob ntawm "Western kev paub dhau los", nws yog los ntawm lub tank no uas yog keeb kwm ci ntsa iab ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm Soviet cov tsheb tiv thaiv. yuav pib. Thiab yog li … muaj tsawg ntawm lawv thiab lawv tau tawm los nyoos dhau los cuam tshuam dab tsi.
Kev zam rau lub peev xwm tshiab - 47 -mm - tau rov qhia dua los ntawm Askiv, thiab ua raws li lawv qhov piv txwv, rab phom 45 -mm tau pib teeb tsa rau ntawm lub tank Soviet ntawm xyoo 1930. Ib zaug ntxiv, nws tau ntseeg tias cov tso tsheb hlau luam feem ntau ua rog nrog tub rog ntau dua li lwm lub tso tsheb hlau luam, yog li ntawd txawm tias Vickers Medium tso tsheb hlau luam tau xa mus rau Is Nrias teb yam tsis muaj rab phom, tsuas yog siv rab phom tshuab. Dab tsi rau? Tab sis ntawm no qhov inertia ntawm kev xav tau qhia meej nws tus kheej. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias cov tub rog yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tank, tom qab ntawd 37, thiab 47, thiab txawm tias 57-mm calibers tsis meej txaus.
A1E1 Tus Kheej. Txawm hais tias nws qhov loj me, nws tsuas muaj ib rab phom 47mm thiab plaub rab phom tshuab xwb!
Thiab ntawm no peb cov neeg tsim qauv Soviet tau dhau los ua qhov pom kev ntau dua li tib tus neeg Askiv. Lawv nyob ntawm lawv cov tso tsheb hlau loj ntau yam "Vickers-16 t" thiab "Ywj Pheej", txawm hais tias txhua yam. txuas ntxiv tso phom ntawm 47-mm caliber. Ntxiv mus, tib yam "Vickers" hauv peb tus yees muaj cov cuab yeej siv li hauv qab no: rab phom loj 47-mm thiab rab phom tshuab 7, 71-mm thiab ob rab phom me nrog ob rab phom 7, 71-mm hauv txhua qhov. Tab sis Soviet T-28 muaj 76 nyob rau hauv lub turret loj, rab phom 2-mm, rab phom tshuab thiab ob rab phom tshuab nyob rau pem hauv ntej turret. Muaj tseeb, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nws yuav zoo dua rau lawv kom tsis txhob sib tsoo. Tseem, rab phom Askiv muaj qhov tiaj tus ntau dua, qhov hluav taws kub thiab lub zog nkag mus. Tab sis. yog tias peb hais tias lub tank yog riam phom tiv thaiv cov tub rog (thiab hauv 30s feem ntau dhau ntawm cov tub rog tshwj xeeb tau xav li ntawd), ces T-28 yuav tsum raug lees paub tias zoo ib yam nrog cov kev xav no dua li lub tank Askiv. Zoo, "tsib-turret sib ntaus sib tua" T-35 kuj tau dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog tau txais lus teb rau Askiv "Independent" nrog nws ib rab phom 47-mm.
Pzkpfwg-III Ausf A tau siv rab phom ntev 37 mm.
Kuj ceeb tias, nyob rau xyoo ua ntej ua tsov rog, cov phom phom loj hlob qeeb heev. Tus qauv ntsuas ntawm Fabkis yog 47 hli, Askiv 42 mm, hauv Asmeskas 37 mm, 45 mm hauv USSR, hauv Tebchaws Yelemees - 37 mm. Raws li tau sau tseg, tib rab phom 75-mm tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam xws li 2C, B1, T-28, T-35, German NBFZ thiab T-IV, tab sis cov lej tom kawg tsis txaus, thiab txhua rab phom no tau luv -kev sib tw. Cov neeg German lawv tus kheej hu ua phom sawv ntawm T-IV "taub qab", nws muaj lub thoob luv luv, thiab qhov nrawm ntawm nws qhov projectile tsuas yog 285 m / s. Ntawd yog, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntau ntawm kev xav, ib zaug ntxiv ua pov thawj tias tib neeg, feem ntau, yog cov neeg ruam heev.
Pzkpfwg-III Ausf F. Nws twb muaj rab phom 50 hli, tab sis kuj luv.
Pzkpfwg-III Ausf M. Tsuas yog tus qauv no tau txais rab phom ntev 50 hli, tab sis nws lig dhau lawm …
Pzkpfwg-IV Ausf E thiab nws 75-mm "taub qab" L / 24.
Tab sis thaum "tsov rog loj" pib. tom qab ntawd txhua yam tau pom meej rau txhua tus neeg: lub peev xwm ntawm lub tank phom yuav tsum loj dua, thiab nws tus kheej yuav tsum muaj lub thoob ntev, uas muab cov projectile nrog kev nrawm. Nws muab tawm tias cov phom loj tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua li rab phom tshuab hauv kev tawm tsam tub rog. Piv txwv li, nyob rau sab qaum teb Africa, German T-IVs tsuas yog qhib lub zog tsis ncaj qha los ntawm rab phom ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm Askiv thiab qhov no txaus los rhuav tshem lawv, thiab tom qab ntawd tsoo los ntawm lawv cov trenches yam tsis poob. Qhov ntev ntawm rab phom phom ntawm Soviet T-34 lub tank pib loj hlob sai, thiab qhov kev hloov pauv no, ua ke nrog kev nce siab ntxiv, dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tsov rog tag nrho.
T-34 nrog rab phom 57mm.
Qhov tseeb, tau sim ua kom nruab ib rab phom ntev 57-mm hauv T-34. Lawv tau xa tawm, tab sis nws tau muab tawm tias cov tsheb no nyob ntawm xub ntiag … tsis muaj lub sijhawm los ntsib nrog German tso tsheb hlau luam! Kuv yuav tsum tua ntawm lub tsheb uas puas lawm. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov zoo! Tab sis rau cov tub rog, lub foob pob 57-mm tig los ua qhov tsis muaj zog. Tias yog vim li cas kev hloov kho T-34/85 tau txais cov phom no: muaj zog txaus los tua cov tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab nrog lub foob pob tawg zoo!
"Matilda II" nrog 76, 2 -mm "howitzer" - lub tank txhawb nqa tam sim.
Ib txhij nrog lub peev xwm, cov ntsuas xws li qhov ntev ntawm lub thoob thiab cov cuab yeej nkag mus ntawm qhov projectile pib loj tuaj. Cov neeg German tau hloov pauv rab phom 37-mm nrog rab phom 50-mm. Tom qab ntawd lawv muaj rab phom 75-mm nrog lub phom ntev ntawm 43, tom qab ntawd 48, thiab thaum kawg 70 calibers.
Nws tau npaj los nruab Pzkpfwg V Ausf F nrog rab phom 88-mm, thiab txawm tias muab cov phom loj ntawm 100 calibers rau ntawm kev sim E tso tsheb hlau luam, txhua yam txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, thaum tswj hwm cov mos txwv loj.
Tib yam muaj tseeb rau rab phom loj 88mm. Thaum kawg, rab phom loj 128 mm tsoo SPG. Thiab zoo ib yam, cov phom loj dua thiab loj dua tau teeb tsa ntawm Soviet tus kheej-rab phom-85, 100, 122, 152-mm. Ntxiv mus, 152-mm howitzer twb tau ua ntej ua tsov rog Soviet KV-2 lub tank!
Hauv Asmeskas, thaum lub xyoo ua tsov rog, tau siv rab phom 37, 75, 76, 2 thiab 90-mm (ntawm rab phom nws tus kheej 105 thiab 155-mm), hauv tebchaws Askiv lawv hloov los ntawm 42-mm mus rau 57-caliber, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau ib txwm 75-mm thiab 76 caliber, 2mm ntawm Sherman Firefly. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov mos txwv ntawm txhua rab phom no tsis yog tsuas yog cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj ib txwm muaj qhov ua tau zoo tawg-tawg thiab tawg.
AMX-50-120 ntsia ntau dua li cov khoom, tab sis nws tau dhau los ua qhov loj heev, ib yam nkaus … ib yam nkaus … ib yam-uas yog, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv txhua yam!
"Challenger" Mk Kuv.
Tsov rog tau xaus nrog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub tank calibers. USSR nres ntawm 100-mm, Tebchaws Asmeskas ntawm 90-mm, Askiv 83, 9-mm (ntawm qee lub tsheb tua hluav taws muaj 95-mm howitzers nrog lub zog tshwj xeeb uas muaj lub foob pob tawg loj). Muaj tseeb, rab phom 122-mm tau muab tso rau hauv lub tank loj hauv USSR, thiab tseem tab tom ua haujlwm txhawm rau siv rab phom loj 130-mm. Qhov tseeb, nws tau tsim, thiab tso tsheb hlau luam twb tau tsim los rau nws. Tab sis tom qab ntawd USSR tau tso tseg cov tso tsheb hlau luam hnyav, thiab tsis tau tsim cov tshuab tshiab nrog 130-hli. Ib pliag, txhua tus xav tias qhov no txaus thiab muaj cov ntsuas ntsuas txaus. Tab sis tom qab ntawd feem ntau poob qis, uas yog, Askiv, tsim lawv lub npe nrov 105-mm L7 lub phom phom, thiab tag nrho nws lwm tus koom tes nrog NATO sai sai tau muab tso rau hauv lawv lub tsheb, suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas. USSR tau teb nrog rab phom loj 115-mm, thiab Askiv tau teeb tsa rab phom 120-mm ntawm lawv lub tsheb tshiab. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, rab phom ntawm tib lub peev xwm twb tau nyob hauv Asmeskas lub tank hnyav M103 thiab sim Fabkis cov tsheb. Cov neeg German thiab Asmeskas, thiab tom qab ntawd Nyij Pooj thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb, tau txais tib yam, tab sis tsuas yog siv riam phom du. Hauv USSR, teb rau qhov no, rab phom 125-mm du-bore tau tshwm sim, uas tsis tau tso nws txoj haujlwm ntau xyoo thiab tsuas yog tau txhim kho tas li. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, lawv tau sau txog qhov yuav tsum tau tsim rab phom 140-mm; hauv peb lub tebchaws, cov tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam raug sim uas muaj rab phom 152-mm. Cov neeg Asmeskas siv rab phom 152-mm ntawm M60A2 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Sheridan lub tank, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov yog. Tom qab tag nrho, cov no yog rab phom - lub foob pob hluav taws. Thiab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv lawv yog qhov projectile coj, yog li qhov no cov tso tsheb hlau luam "tsis suav".
Lub tank sim ntawm Centurion chassis nrog rab phom 180 mm.
Cov neeg Askiv txawm siv riam phom ib ntawm lawv cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog 180-mm rab phom (lub peev xwm ntawm rab phom ntawm lub nkoj "Kirov"), tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tias txhua yam tsis dhau qhov kev sim. Txawm li cas los xij, tso tsheb hlau luam nrog lub peev xwm loj tshaj plaws (tsis yog sim, tab sis txuas ntxiv!) Tseem muaj nyob, thiab rab phom ntawm lawv ntau npaum li 165 hli. Cov no yog hu ua M728 cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsim, tsim los ntawm M60 tso tsheb hlau luam. Lawv, ntxiv rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, tau ua haujlwm zoo nrog rab phom luv luv-rab phom loj uas tua lub foob pob loj uas muaj zog tsim los rhuav tshem ntau yam teeb meem.
Qhov no yog dab tsi T-90MS lub tank tuaj yeem zoo li nrog qhov tsis yog-tus qauv 145-hli rab phom. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, vim nws qhov loj me, tsis muaj chaw ntau nyob rau hauv lub turret rau cov neeg coob thiab cov neeg tsav tsheb.
Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem nrog kev loj hlob ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov phom phom? Rau cov neeg Askiv, saum toj no tag nrho hauv qhov hnyav! Lawv cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau nruab nrog rab phom loj uas muaj cov khoom sib cais, thiab txawm tias niaj hnub no 120-mm projectile nrog lub tungsten core rau nws muaj qhov hnyav rau qhov txwv. Tib yam yog rooj plaub nrog 140 mm lub plhaub, uas loj heev thiab hnyav. Rau peb 152-mm projectiles, lub tshuab ntim khoom tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo (muaj kev paub dhau los!), Tab sis … nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem thauj ntau lub projectiles rau hauv! Thiab ntawm no yog cov lus nug: peb puas tuaj yeem cia siab qeeb, "ib kauj ruam zuj zus" kev loj hlob ntawm cov calibers yav tom ntej - zoo, cia peb hais, peb yuav rov muaj dua 130 mm caliber, thiab nyob rau sab hnub poob, 127 mm, thiab tom qab ntawd "txhua tus yuav ua siab ntev "rau 135 hli … Los yog lwm tus neeg yuav xav tau ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd qhov kev twv ua ntej txog qhov muaj zog tshaj 140 thiab 152-mm phom yuav los tiag?!
М728 - lub taub ntim dej.
Txhuv. A. Shepsa
