GRAU cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias cov foob pob hluav taws thiab cov phom loj nyob rau yav tom ntej yuav tuaj yeem tuav lub npe ntawm cov hluav taws tseem ceeb thiab tawm tsam ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Paus. Niaj hnub no thiab yav tom ntej, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws thiab cov phom loj (RAV) cov txheej txheem yuav nyob twj ywm: foob pob hluav taws, foob pob hluav taws thiab phom loj. Nrog kev txhim kho kom raug, cov kab ke no yuav tuaj yeem sib tw lawv lub luag haujlwm yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev koom nrog cov yeeb ncuab nrog hluav taws hauv kev sib ntaus.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm theem niaj hnub ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm RAV yog tias cov txheej txheem thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau tus qauv tau dhau mus txog qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis daws teeb meem. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, txawm tias qhov kev nce qib tseem ceeb ntawm tus kheej ntsuas ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws thiab rab phom loj, cov khoom siv yog qhov tsim nyog, uas tsis sib xws nrog cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm uas peb pom ntawm qhov tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hom riam phom tshiab, xws li kinetic, laser, thiab riam phom tsis tuag tsuas yog nyob rau theem pib ntawm lawv txoj kev txhim kho, yog li ntawd, lawv xav tau cov nqi loj thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis rau kev siv hauv kev sib ntaus tiag. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev nce qib hauv kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus thiab cov cuab yeej thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm niaj hnub RAV cov txheej txheem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej raws li kev qhia ua ntu zus ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau hauv lawv cov qauv. Txog rau yav tom ntej, cov lus qhia hauv kev txhim kho hauv qab no tau txheeb xyuas rau RAV system ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Lavxias:
Cov foob pob hluav taws
Niaj hnub no, kev ua haujlwm-txheej txheem foob pob hluav taws (OTRK) "Iskander-M" nrog lub dav hlau ya dav hlau thiab cov foob pob hluav taws, nrog rau cov txheej txheem foob pob hluav taws (TRK) "Tochka-U" tau ua haujlwm. Qhov nyuaj kawg yog ze rau qhov tas sij hawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim nyog, feem ntau yuav yog, nws yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau yav tom ntej. Nyuaj "Tochka-U" yog qhov hloov kho tshiab ntawm TRK "Tochka", tau lees paub los ntawm Soviet Army xyoo 1975, nws txawv ntawm nws cov neeg ua ntej hauv ntau dua thiab raug hluav taws kub. Xeev cov kev sim ntawm Tochka-U TRK (raws li NATO codification Scarab B) tau tshwm sim los ntawm xyoo 1986 txog 1988, xyoo 1989 txoj haujlwm tau raug lees paub thiab pib nkag mus rau hauv pab tub rog. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm thaj chaw tua tau nce mus txog 120 km. Raws li Kev Ua Tub Rog Tshwm Sim 2018, Lavxias pab tub rog tseem muaj 24 lub foob pob ntawm Tochka-U txoj haujlwm. Feem ntau yuav yog, Lub Tebchaws Missile Force thiab Artillery (MFA) yuav hloov mus rau Iskander-M OTRK los ntawm 2020. Yog li, kev hloov pauv ntawm Tochka-U txoj hauv kev ntawm cov neeg dhau los yuav tshwm sim, lub taub hau ntawm MFA, Tus Thawj Coj General Mikhail Matveevsky, twb tau hais txog qhov no ua ntej lawm.
OTRK "Iskander-M"
Hauv kev txuas nrog kev tshem tawm ib ntus ntawm Tochka-U los ntawm kev pabcuam, Iskander-M OTRK yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws ntawm RF Ground Forces. Raws li Kev Ua Tub Rog Tshwm Sim 2018, Lavxias pab tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog 120 Iskander-M cov chaw, uas tuaj yeem tsoo lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 500 km. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum siv lub foob pob hluav taws nrog lub taub hau sib koom ua ke, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov yuav tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 5-7 meters. Txoj haujlwm tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 2006, thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws kev hloov kho tshiab thiab txhim kho txuas ntxiv mus rau niaj hnub no. Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij, txoj haujlwm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws chav kawm. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij tub rog txawv tebchaws, nrog rau S-400 Triumph tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv kab ke thiab Bastion ntug dej hiav txwv tiv thaiv lub nkoj foob pob hluav taws, Iskander-M txoj haujlwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua raws li lub tswv yim paub nyob rau sab hnub poob raws li " tsis muaj thaj chaw nkag mus "(Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nkag Mus / Cheeb Tsam Tsis Pom Zoo, A2 / AD).
OTRK "Iskander-M" tau raug txhim kho tas li, kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv tab tom txhim kho thiab txhim kho riam phom, software thiab kho vajtse ntawm qhov nyuaj no. Tus sau ntawm kev sau "Missile-technical thiab rab phom loj-kev txhawb nqa ntawm RF Armed Forces-2018" nco ntsoov tias cov lus qhia tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho ntxiv yog: nthuav dav ntau cov cuaj luaj siv nrog ntau hom taub hau thiab nce kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm OTRK; kev txhim kho cov cuaj luaj zoo nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo; xyuas kom muaj peev xwm siv txoj hauv kev ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv hom kev faib ua pawg thiab ua ib feem ntawm kev soj ntsuam thiab hluav taws xob network.
Cov foob pob hluav taws
Tam sim no, Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Lavxias tau ua tub rog nrog ntau lub foob pob ua haujlwm tshuab (MLRS) ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: 122, 220 thiab 300 mm (Grad, Uragan thiab Smerch-M systems, feem). Hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav hauv Russia txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem no raws li kev ua kom raug thiab ntau qhov kev tua ntau, nce qib kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj thiab txhim kho dav dav ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus.
Sib ntaus lub tsheb 2B17M los ntawm MLRS Tornado-G
Yav tom ntej, kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho MLRS uas twb muaj lawm yuav raug them rau cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ua kom raug thiab tua ntau, nthuav dav ntau cov cuaj luaj siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm MLRS. GRAU cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias ua tsaug rau kev ua raws li cov kev ntsuas saum toj no, lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov chaw ntawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws tso rau yav tom ntej yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau ntxiv thiab cov foob pob hluav taws yuav ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Ntiaj Teb ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias..
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm foob pob ua ntxaij foob pob hluav taws yog ua kom lawv nrog Tornado-G tshiab (122 mm) thiab Tornado-S (300 mm) ntau lub foob pob ua haujlwm, thawj yog kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm Grad system, qhov thib ob - kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm "Smerch". "Tornado-S" muab kev rhuav tshem lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb txog 120 km, cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias daim duab no yav tom ntej tuaj yeem nce mus txog 200 km. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, "Tornado-G" MLRS tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov mos txwv, ob qho tshwj xeeb tau tsim rau cov txheej txheem tshiab, thiab cov foob pob hluav taws qub uas tsis siv los ntawm Grad MLRS. Tsis tas li, qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb txhawm rau nce kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws yuav tsum yog lawv cov cuab yeej nrog qhov tseeb ntev-ntau qhov projectiles. Lawv txoj kev txhim kho kuj tseem yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv MLRS hais txog kev txo lub sijhawm npaj thiab rov ntim cov pob zeb.
Cov phom loj
Nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, GRAU ntawm Ministry of Defense ntawm Lavxias tau siv kev ntsuas los txo qis kev siv phom loj dhau los, ua haujlwm kho thiab kho kom zoo dua qub ntawm cov phom loj piv txwv hauv kev pabcuam. Raws li lub hauv paus rau Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws Russia, qhov kev cia siab rau kev txhim kho cov phom loj ntawm lub tshuab 82, 120 thiab 152 mm calibers tau txheeb xyuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev cog lus 152-hli kev pabcuam sib ntaus sib tua phom loj (IAC) "Kev Koom Tes" yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov phom loj raws li kev siv ntau lub hom phiaj sib xws, suav nrog tsis yog tiam tshiab ntawm cov mos txwv mos txwv, tab sis kuj tseem txhais tau tias tshiab ntawm kev siv tus kheej ntawm kev hais kom ua thiab kev tswj hwm thiab kev tshawb nrhiav.
ACS 2S35 "Coalition-SV" ntawm kev xyaum ua ntawm Kev Ua Phem Hnub Ua Kev Ncaj Ncees hauv Alabino, 2016
Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom nce ntxiv hauv kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm cov phom loj los ntawm kev rov nruab lawv nrog 152-hli kev sib pab cuam sib foob sib foob. Raws li tau sau tseg hauv GRAU sau, kev xam pom qhia tias ua haujlwm los ntawm 2S19 Msta-S tus kheej-propelled phom loj tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm roj teeb ua rog nrog Coalition-SV IAC hauv tsuas yog 2-3 feeb nrog rau siv cov mos txwv tib yam. Raws li, kev faib khoom nruab nrog IAC dhau qhov kev faib ua haujlwm zoo sib xws nrog 2S19M2 thiab 2S3M3 "Akatsia" cov txheej txheem, raws li qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw muaj hluav taws kub hnyav - los ntawm 2-3 zaug; los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov phiaj xwm tua hluav taws ib txhij - 3-4 zaug; los ntawm qhov loj me ntawm thaj tsam ntawm ntau hom sib txuam nrog thiab teeb teeb - 3 zaug; los ntawm lub sijhawm ua tiav txoj haujlwm tua - 2 zaug. Kev txhim kho ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm 152-mm IAC yuav tsum yog siv cov phiaj xwm cog lus kom raug, tso cai ua raws txoj cai "hluav taws thiab hnov qab".
Nws tau paub tias kev ua tub rog ntawm thawj 12 tus kheej ua phom loj 2S35 "Coalition-SV" yuav tshwm sim txog xyoo 2020, hauv tib lub xyoo 2020 nws tau npaj ua kom tiav lub xeev kev sim ntawm kev teeb tsa tshiab. Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tiv Thaiv ntawm Russia Yuri Borisov tau hais qhia cov neeg sau xov xwm txog qhov no. Raws li nws, txoj kev siv rab phom tshiab zoo tshaj nyob rau hauv ntau thiab qhov hluav taws kub tsis yog rau Lavxias nkaus xwb, tabsis kuj yog rau cov neeg txawv tebchaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb tsa tseem raug cais. Hauv kev tshaj xov xwm, koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tua ntau txog li 70-80 km thiab kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa txog li 16 teev ib feeb. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov nqi hluav taws kub siab tau ua tiav vim tau thov tsim ntawm lub tshuab thauj khoom. Ntxiv rau qhov phom sij ntawm tus kheej-ua raws lub chassis ntawm T-90 lub tank, muaj kev xaiv rau tso 152-mm 2A88 howitzer raws li lub log tsheb tawm ntawm txoj kev, piv txwv li, KamAZ 6560 chassis nrog 8x8 log kev teeb tsa.
Ib txoj kev cia siab hauv kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov phom loj thiab phom ciam av ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Lavxias yog kev txhim kho cov qauv rau nruab cov phom loj (cug) roj teeb ntawm cov tub rog ntawm ntau hom (phom loj, kev tawm tsam huab cua, sab qaum teb, thiab lwm yam.) txhawm rau daws cov haujlwm ntawm kev tua hluav taws ntawm tib neeg. Nws tau npaj kom ua tiav qhov no los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv ntawm cov phom loj thiab cov phom phom rau ntawm lub tsheb, nrog rau ob-txuas taug qab cov chassis ntawm kev muaj peev xwm hla tebchaws.
120-mm SAO 2S40 "Flox", tuaj yeem tua cov tshuaj khib thiab cov phom loj
Yav tom ntej, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv kab mob (ATGM) yuav tsum suav nrog ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev nyuaj no: ntau lub hom phiaj ATGM, uas yog qhov nyuaj tiag tiag ntawm cov riam phom coj los tsim los daws qhov dav ntawm kev ua tub rog nyob ze thaj tsam tactical; niaj hnub siv nruab nrab-ntau yam hnav ATGM nrog lub zog nce ntawm lub taub hau. Qhov tshwm sim yuav tsum yog tshwm sim ntawm cov riam phom muaj zog ntawm qhov hnyav thiab tus yam ntxwv zoo, tus nqi qis, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntxiv.
Cov cuab yeej ua rog ntawm Lavxias lub ntsiab sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam yog ua raws 125-mm rab phom mos txwv. Hauv plaub lub xyoos dhau los, riam phom no, nyob rau hauv cov kev hloov pauv ntau heev, tau dhau los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv uas tau tsom mus rau nce qib ntawm nws cov txuj ci thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo. Tam sim no, Russia tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov phom loj ntawm kev siv zog ntxiv rau kev cia siab T-14 MBT ntawm Armata platform. Txog tam sim no, nws tau paub tias qhov riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab yuav yog lub tiaj 125-mm rab phom 2A82-1M, uas yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv. Raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "Uralvagonzavod", qhov no yuav tsum tau siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau kev kaw nws tus kheej thiab siv daim npog tiv thaiv ntawm lub qhov dej kom ntseeg tau tias yuav tsum muaj zog thiab muaj sia nyob. Tus nqi ntawm rab phom yog 12 teev nyob rau ib feeb, qhov chaw tua yog nyob ntawm cov mos txwv uas tau xaiv, piv txwv li, rab phom tso cai rau koj tso cov cuaj luaj uas muaj qhov ntev txog 10 km.
Raws li cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias tiv thaiv cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tsheb (AFV), tsis siv neeg rab phom 30-mm niaj hnub no, uas muaj tib lub foob pob, nrog rau rab phom 100-mm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rau kev siv txuas ntxiv hauv niaj hnub no thiab muaj kev cia siab tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv, lub peev xwm ntawm cov phom tsis siv neeg ntawm 57 mm tau txais. Cov phom loj yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm S-60 tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau. Lub zog ntawm 57-mm mos txwv tso cai rau koj kom ntseeg tau ntaus feem ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tam sim no uas twb muaj lawm hauv tshav rog. Tus nqi hluav taws ntawm rab phom mus txog 120 puag ncig ib feeb. Ntxiv nrog rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ib puag ncig qub, ua kom tawg-tawg thiab tshem tawm cov foob pob hluav taws, cov kev qhia tshiab thiab cov mos txwv ntau yam nrog lub fuse tej thaj chaw deb kuj tseem siv tau. Tam sim no, AU-220M rab phom loj tau nthuav tawm, uas tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm BMP-3 chassis lossis T-15 hnyav BMP ntawm Armata taug qab lub platform. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm cov khoom yog tus kheej-propelled anti-aircraft phom loj system rau ROC "Derivation-Air Defense" nrog rau 57-hli tsis siv neeg cannon, kuj ua rau ntawm BMP-3 chassis.
"Derivation-PVO" nrog rab phom loj 57-hli tsis siv neeg
Cov caj npab me
Cov txheej txheem tam sim no ntawm cov caj npab me me ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws Russia yog ua los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov riam phom ntawm cov tub rog (phom tshuab thiab phom ntev) thiab rab phom tshuab ntawm ob lub ntsiab calibers - 5, 45 thiab 7, 62 mm. GRAU cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias yav tom ntej, nws muaj peev xwm tso tseg kev siv riam phom muaj peev xwm 5, 45 mm hauv Cov Tub Rog Hauv Ntiaj Teb ntawm Lavxias vim tsis txaus nkag mus ntawm cov mos txwv tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab lub zog uas muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej niaj hnub no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm nruab nrab thiab nce kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thiab tsom mus rau kev txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo thiab hloov kho tshiab hauv daim cartridges thiab riam phom ntawm 7, 62 mm caliber.
